FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science VR 1.0 PT J AU Chen, JT Touati, C Zhu, QY AF Chen, Juntao Touati, Corinne Zhu, Quanyan TI A Dynamic Game Approach to Strategic Design of Secure and Resilient Infrastructure Network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Dynamic games; security; resilience; infrastructure networks; subgame perfect equilibrium ID ATTACKS; SYSTEMS; DEFENSE AB Infrastructure networks are vulnerable to both cyber and physical attacks. Building a secure and resilient networked system is essential for providing reliable and dependable services. To this end, we establish a two-player three-stage game framework to capture the dynamics in the infrastructure protection and recovery phases. Specifically, the goal of the infrastructure network designer is to keep the network connected before and after the attack, while the adversary aims to disconnect the network by compromising a set of links. With casts for creating and removing links, the two players aim to maximize their utilities while minimizing the costs. In this paper, we use the concept of subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE) to characterize the optimal strategies of the network defender and attacker. We derive the SPE explicitly in terms of system parameters. We further investigate the resilience planning of the defender and the strategic timing of attack of the adversary. Finally, we use case studies of UAV-enabled communication networks for disaster recovery to corroborate the obtained analytical results. C1 [Chen, Juntao; Zhu, Quanyan] NYU, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Touati, Corinne] INRIA, F-38330 Montbonnot St Martin, France. RP Chen, JT (reprint author), NYU, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. EM jc6412@nyu.edu; corinne.touati@inria.fr; qz494@nyu.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [SES-1541164, ECCS-1847056]; U.S. Department of Homeland SecurityUnited States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) [2015-ST-061-CIRC01] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant SES-1541164 and Grant ECCS-1847056, and in part by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant 2015-ST-061-CIRC01. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Shantanu D. Rane. (Corresponding author: Juntao Chen.) CR Al-kahtani M. 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Due to their multidimensionality nature, such systems are not often approachable through conventional analytic methods, making simulation modeling the only reliable tool of study. Nevertheless, simulation models can turn out to be computationally expensive when embedded with enough detail. An immediate answer to this shortcoming is the use of simulation metamodels that are designed to approximate the simulators' results. In this work, the authors propose a metamodeling approach based on active learning that seeks to improve the exploration process of the simulation input space and the associated output behavior. A Gaussian Process (GP) is used as a metamodel to approximate the function inherently defined by the simulation model itself. The GPs can nicely handle the uncertainty associated with their predictions, which eventually can be improved with active learning through simulation runs. This property provides a practical and efficient way to analyze the simulator's behavior and therefore, to assess the performance of policies regarding the underlying real-world systems and services. The authors illustrate the proposed methodology using an Emergency Medical Service (EMS) simulator. Two outputs are analyzed and compared, namely, the survival rate and response time averages. The medical emergency response time recommendation of 8 min is explored as well its relation with the survival rate. The results show that this methodology can identify regions in the simulation input space that might affect the performance and success of medical policies with regards to emergency vehicle dispatching services. C1 [Antunes, Francisco; Ribeiro, Bernardete] Univ Coimbra, Fac Sci & Technol, Coimbra, Portugal. [Amorim, Marco] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Porto, Portugal. [Amorim, Marco] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Human Factors & Technol Management IAT, Stuttgart, Germany. [Pereira, Francisco C.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Management, Lyngby, Denmark. RP Antunes, F (reprint author), Univ Coimbra, Fac Sci & Technol, Coimbra, Portugal. EM fnibau@uc.pt; marco.amorim@iao.fraunhofer.de; camara@dtu.dk; bribeiro@dei.uc.pt RI Antunes, Francisco/W-6464-2019; Amorim, Marco Raul Soares/D-3343-2014; Pereira, Francisco Camara/B-2111-2010 OI Antunes, Francisco/0000-0001-5286-866X; Amorim, Marco Raul Soares/0000-0002-5307-6952; Pereira, Francisco Camara/0000-0001-5457-9909 FU FCT (Portuguese national funding agency for science, research, and technology) [PD/BD/128047/2016, PD/BD/52355/2013]; People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship H2020-MSCA-IF-2016European Union (EU) [745673] FX The authors acknowledge the support of FCT (Portuguese national funding agency for science, research, and technology) under the grants PD/BD/128047/2016 and PD/BD/52355/2013 during the development of this work. 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TI Integrating location and network restoration decisions in relief networks under uncertainty SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian logistics; Prepositioning; Network restoration; Two-stage stochastic programming; Concentration sets ID HEURISTIC CONCENTRATION; FACILITY LOCATION; ROUTING PROBLEM; OR/MS RESEARCH; DESIGN; EMERGENCY; OPERATIONS; MODEL AB Prepositioning emergency relief items in emergency response facilities before an anticipated disaster is a common strategy to increase the effectiveness of relief distribution. In this paper, we assume that relief distribution activities are hampered due to damaged roads, which can be restored by repair teams using restoration equipment. We propose a two-stage stochastic programming model integrating facility location and network restoration decisions. Our integrated model decides on the location of restoration equipment prior to the disaster in addition to the facility location decisions. Moreover, decisions related to relief item distribution and network restoration are made jointly after the disaster for each disaster scenario. We capture uncertainty in the network availability by incorporating the repair times required to restore the damaged roads. To solve our integrated model efficiently, we develop a sample average approximation method with concentration sets motivated by Rosing and ReVelle's (1997) Heuristic Concentration. These concentration sets are comprised of promising locations identified by information obtained from disaster scenarios. We limit our solution space in the first stage to concentration sets to reduce the problem size without sacrificing the solution quality significantly. Our computational results show significant improvement in unmet demand and cost measures by integrating location and network restoration models. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 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J. Oper. Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2019 VL 279 IS 2 BP 335 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2019.06.012 PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA IL1WB UT WOS:000477091900005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Alivio, MBT Puno, GR Talisay, BAM AF Alivio, M. B. T. Puno, G. R. Talisay, B. A. M. TI Flood hazard zones using 2d hydrodynamic modeling and remote sensing approaches SO GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT-GJESM LA English DT Article DE Digital elevation model (DEM); Hydrologic modeling system (HMS); Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR); Return period; River analysis system (RAS) ID UNCERTAINTY; INFORMATION; ACCURACY; IMPACTS AB The increasing frequency and severity of flooding demands identification of flood hazard zones in Kalilangan, Bukidnon in response to the echoing need of better disaster preparedness via enhancing the understanding and awareness of the public on flood characteristics by integrating the use of two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling and remote sensing. Flood simulation was carried out in a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model using hydrologic engineering center-river analysis system to derive the flood inundation area and flood depth of Kalilangan, Bukidnon. Thus, it was preceded by pre-processing of the model using software packages of hydrologic engineering center-hydrologic modeling system and ArcGIS along with interferometric synthetic aperture radar-digital elevation model, Manning's roughness coefficient and precipitation data. Five different rain return flooding scenarios were simulated using rainfall intensity duration frequency data. Three zones of flood hazard were then set as low, medium and high. The result shows that most areas of Kalilangan are within the zones of medium to high hazard with residential buildings as the most flooded type of built-up structures. Flood hazard zone areas could be mapped at an accuracy of 79.51%. Thus, harnessing this potential approach offers cost-effective way of flood preparedness viewing hazard-prone areas with special attention and utmost importance. (C) 2019 GJESM. All rights reserved. C1 [Alivio, M. B. T.; Puno, G. R.; Talisay, B. A. M.] Cent Mindanao Univ, Coll Forestry & Environm Sci, Geosafer Project, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines. RP Alivio, MBT (reprint author), Cent Mindanao Univ, Coll Forestry & Environm Sci, Geosafer Project, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines. EM mnaryb@gmail.com; geopuno@yahoo.com; bryanallan.tatisay@gmail.com RI Puno, George/F-2553-2017 OI Puno, George/0000-0002-7170-641X FU Department of Science and Technology (DOST) thru its Philippine Council for Industry, Energy, and Emerging Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD) FX This paper is an output of the research work conducted by Central Mindanao University under the Geo-Informatics for the Systematic Assessment of Flood Effects and Risks (GeoSAFER) for a Resilient Mindanao funded by Department of Science and Technology (DOST) thru its Philippine Council for Industry, Energy, and Emerging Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD). 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PD WIN PY 2019 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.22034/gjesm.2019.01.01 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HG0LR UT WOS:000454637400001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Srinivas, S Rajendran, C AF Srinivas, Sharan Rajendran, Chandrasekharan TI Community detection and influential node identification in complex networks using mathematical programming SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Clustering; Networks; Community detection; Influential nodes; Integer linear programming ID LABEL PROPAGATION; ALGORITHM; INFORMATION; MODEL AB Integer programming models for community detection in relational networks have diverse applications in different fields. From making our lives easier by improving search engine optimization to saving our lives by aiding in threat detection and disaster management, researches in this niche have added value to human experience and knowledge. Besides the community structure, the influential nodes or members in a complex network are highly effective at diffusing information quickly to others in the community. Prior research dealing with the use of optimization models for clustering networks has independently focused on detecting communities. In this research, we propose a new integer linear programming model to detect community structure in real-life networks and also identify the most influential node within each community. We validate the proposed model by testing it on a well-established community network. Further, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated by comparing it with the existing best performing optimization model as well as three heuristic approaches for community detection. The experimental results indicate that in most cases the proposed integer programming model performs better than the existing optimization model with respect to modularity, Silhouette coefficient and computational time. Besides, our model yields superior Silhouette and competitive modularity values compared to the heuristic approaches in many cases. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Srinivas, Sharan] Univ Missouri, Dept Ind & Mfg Syst Engn, Coll Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Srinivas, Sharan] Univ Missouri, Dept Mkt, Trulaske Coll Business, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rajendran, Chandrasekharan] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Management Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Srinivas, S (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Ind & Mfg Syst Engn, Coll Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.; Srinivas, S (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Mkt, Trulaske Coll Business, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM srinivassh@missouri.edu; craj@iitm.ac.in RI R, Rajendran/X-7571-2019 OI Srinivas, Sharan/0000-0003-2066-8836; Rajendran, Chandrasekharan/0000-0001-6252-6217 CR Agarwal G, 2008, EUR PHYS J B, V66, P409, DOI 10.1140/epjb/e2008-00425-1 Aral S, 2012, SCIENCE, V337, P337, DOI 10.1126/science.1215842 Arasteh M, 2019, APPL INTELL, V49, P689, DOI 10.1007/s10489-018-1297-9 Arbelaitz O, 2013, PATTERN RECOGN, V46, P243, DOI 10.1016/j.patcog.2012.07.021 Bedi P, 2016, WIRES DATA MIN KNOWL, V6, P115, DOI 10.1002/widm.1178 Blondel V.D., 2008, J STAT MECH-THEORY E, V2008, P10008, DOI DOI 10.1088/1742-5468/2008/10/P10008 Brandes U, 2008, IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN, V20, P172, DOI 10.1109/TKDE.2007.190689 Brooke A., 2003, GAMS CPLEX USERS GUI Buluc A, 2016, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V9220, P117, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-49487-6_4 Castellano C, 2012, COMPUT COMPLEX, P490, DOI [DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1800-9_33, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4614-1800-9_33] Chen MM, 2014, IEEE TRANS COMPUT SO, V1, P46, DOI 10.1109/TCSS.2014.2307458 Csardi G, 2006, INT J COMPLEX SYST, V1695, P1, DOI DOI 10.3724/SP.J.1087.2009.02191 Danna E, 2007, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V4513, P280 Danon L, 2005, J STAT MECH-THEORY E, DOI 10.1088/1742-5468/2005/09/P09008 Deng ZH, 2019, PHYSICA A, V519, P217, DOI 10.1016/j.physa.2018.12.024 Gaume B., 2004, 13 INFORM INTERACTIO, V4.2, P39 Girvan M, 2002, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V99, P7821, DOI 10.1073/pnas.122653799 Glover FW, 2006, INT J INF TECH DECIS, V5, P605, DOI 10.1142/S0219622006002143 Guerrero M, 2018, ADV ENG INFORM, V38, P232, DOI 10.1016/j.aei.2018.07.001 Gultom DI, 2016, DISASTER PREV MANAG, V25, P478, DOI 10.1108/DPM-02-2016-0026 Hansen P, 2014, MODELS ALGORITHMS TE, P9 Illinois Center for a Smarter Electric Grid (ICSEG), 2016, TEX 2000 COORD SCI L Ji P., 2019, J AMBIENT INTELLIGEN, P1 Karger DR, 2000, J ACM, V47, P46, DOI 10.1145/331605.331608 KARMARKAR N, 1984, COMBINATORICA, V4, P373, DOI 10.1007/BF02579150 Kernighan B. 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PD NOV 30 PY 2019 VL 135 BP 296 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.eswa.2019.05.059 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA IQ3QI UT WOS:000480665800023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hoque, MA Pradhan, B Ahmed, N Roy, S AF Hoque, Muhammad Al-Amin Pradhan, Biswajeet Ahmed, Naser Roy, Sanjoy TI Tropical cyclone risk assessment using geospatial techniques for the eastern coastal region of Bangladesh SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclone; Vulnerability; Risk assessment; GIS; Remote sensing; Analytical hierarchy process ID WEIGHTS-OF-EVIDENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; FREQUENCY RATIO; STORM SURGES; AREA; HAZARDS; MODEL; GIS AB Tropical cyclones frequently affect millions of people, damaging properties, livelihoods and environments in the coastal region of Bangladesh. The intensity and extent of tropical cyclones and their impacts are likely to increase in the future due to climate change. The eastern coastal region of Bangladesh is one of the most cyclone-affected coastal regions. A comprehensive spatial assessment is therefore essential to produce a risk map by identifying the areas under high cyclone risks to support mitigation strategies. This study aims to develop a comprehensive tropical cyclone risk map using geospatial techniques and to quantify the degree of risk in the eastern coastal region of Bangladesh. In total, 14 spatial criteria under three risk components, namely, vulnerability and exposure. hazard, and mitigation capacity, were assessed. A spatial layer was created for each criterion, and weighting was conducted following the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The individual risk component maps were generated from their indices, and subsequently, the overall risk map was produced by integrating the indices through a weighted overlay approach. Results demonstrate that the very-high risk zone covered 9% of the study area, whereas the high-risk zone covered 27%. Specifically, the south-western (Sandwip and Sonagazi), western (Patiya, Kutubdia, Maheshkhali, Chakaria. Cox's Bazar and Chittagong Sadar) and south-western (Teknal) regions of the study site are likely to be under a high risk of tropical cyclone impacts. Low and very-low hazard zones constitute 11% and 28% of the study area, respectively, and most of these areas are located inland. The results of this study can be used by the concerned authorities to develop and apply effective cyclone impact mitigation plans and strategies. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoque, Muhammad Al-Amin; Pradhan, Biswajeet] Univ Technol Sydney, Ctr Adv Modelling & Geospatial Informat Syst, Fac Engn & IT, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia. [Hoque, Muhammad Al-Amin; Ahmed, Naser] Jagannath Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh. [Pradhan, Biswajeet] Sejong Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Resources Engn, 209 Neungdong Ro, Seoul 05006, South Korea. [Roy, Sanjoy] Univ Iuav Venezia, Maritime Spatial Planning, Venice, Italy. RP Pradhan, B (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Ctr Adv Modelling & Geospatial Informat Syst, Sch Informat Syst & Modelling, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia. 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PD NOV 2 PY 2019 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1795 EP 1810 DI 10.1080/24694452.2019.1592660 PG 16 WC Geography SC Geography GA JB4BR UT WOS:000488501100008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Setiyono, TD Quicho, ED Holecz, FH Khan, NI Romuga, G Maunahan, A Garcia, C Rala, A Raviz, J Collivignarelli, F Gatti, L Barbieri, M Phuong, DM Minh, VQ Vo, QT Intrman, A Rakwatin, P Sothy, M Veasna, T Pazhanivelan, S Mabalay, MRO AF Setiyono, T. D. Quicho, E. D. Holecz, F. H. Khan, N. I. Romuga, G. Maunahan, A. Garcia, C. Rala, A. Raviz, J. Collivignarelli, F. Gatti, L. Barbieri, M. Phuong, D. M. Minh, V. Q. Vo, Q. T. Intrman, A. Rakwatin, P. Sothy, M. Veasna, T. Pazhanivelan, S. Mabalay, M. R. O. TI Rice yield estimation using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and the ORYZA crop growth model: development and application of the system in South and South-east Asian countries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID BAND BACKSCATTERING COEFFICIENTS; RESOLUTION SATELLITE SAR; BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES; SIMULATION-MODEL; WATER-BALANCE; AREA; SOIL; INTENSITY; LAI AB A rice yield estimation system was developed based on the crop growth model ORYZA and SAR-derived key information such as start of season (SOS) and leaf area growth rate. Results from study sites in South and South-east Asian countries suggest that incorporating remote sensing data, specifically Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), into a process-based crop model improves the spatial distribution of yield estimates. This article highlights the detailed methodology of SAR data incorporation into crop yield simulation and comprehensive validation of yield forecast and estimates in the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Tamil Nadu, India. Remote sensing data assimilation into a crop model effectively captures the responses of rice crops to environmental conditions over large spatial coverage, which otherwise is practically impossible to achieve. A process-based crop simulation model is used in the system to ensure that climate information is captured, and this provides the capacity to deliver a mid-season yield forecast for national planning and policy for rice. Good agreement between SAR-based yield and crop-cut-based yield and official yield statistics and ensuring efficiency of the processing suggest that the system is a promising solution for the needed timely information on rice yield for application in food security and policies, climate disaster management, and crop insurance programs. C1 [Setiyono, T. D.; Quicho, E. D.; Khan, N. I.; Romuga, G.; Maunahan, A.; Garcia, C.; Rala, A.; Raviz, J.] Int Rice Res Inst, Sustainable Impact Platform, Manila, Philippines. [Holecz, F. H.; Collivignarelli, F.; Gatti, L.; Barbieri, M.] Sarmap, Purasca, Switzerland. [Phuong, D. M.] NIAPP, MARD, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Minh, V. Q.; Vo, Q. T.] CTU, Dept Land Resources, Can Tho, Vietnam. [Intrman, A.] Minist Agr & Cooperat MOAC, TRD, Bangkok, Thailand. [Rakwatin, P.] GISTDA, Res & Dev Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sothy, M.] MAFF, DPS, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Veasna, T.] CARDI, Soil & Water Sci Div, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Pazhanivelan, S.] TNAU, Dept Remote Sensing & Geog Informat Syst, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Mabalay, M. R. O.] Philippine Rice Res Inst PhilRice, Agron Soils & Plant Physiol Div, Munoz, Philippines. RP Setiyono, TD (reprint author), IRRI, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines. EM t.setiyono@irri.org OI Minh, Vo Quang/0000-0001-8574-7151 FU Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC); CGIAR Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) program FX Funding for this research was provided by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and the CGIAR Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) program. This work is part of the Remote Sensing-based Information and Insurance for Crops in Emerging Economies (RIICE) project. SAR data were provided by ASI/e-GEOS and GISTDA from COSMO-SkyMed and by InfoTerra GmbH from TerraSAR-X, and by the European Space Agency (ESA) from Sentinel-1. Some maps in this manuscript are overlaid on Google Maps layers, (c) Google, 2014. The boundaries, colours, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the authors or their institutes concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. 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PD NOV 2 PY 2019 VL 40 IS 21 SI SI BP 8093 EP 8124 DI 10.1080/01431161.2018.1547457 PG 32 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA IE0YF UT WOS:000472112000003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Adcock, CT Haber, DA Burnley, PC Malchow, RL Hausrath, EM AF Adcock, Christopher T. Haber, Daniel A. Burnley, Pamela C. Malchow, Russell L. Hausrath, Elisabeth M. TI Modeling gamma radiation exposure rates using geologic and remote sensing data to locate radiogenic anomalies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Environmental; Gamma-ray survey; Remote sensing; Background; Modeling; Geology ID BACKGROUND-RADIATION; LANDSAT TM; RAY; DISTRICT; REGION; TOOL AB Aerial Gamma-Ray Surveys (GRS) are ideal for tracking anthropogenic gamma radiation releases and transport. The interpretation of a GRS can be complicated by natural gamma-ray sources such as atmospheric radon, cosmic rays, geologic materials, and even the survey equipment itself. Some of these complicating factors can be accounted for or corrected by calibration or mathematic techniques. Real-time algorithms that attempt to enhance potential radiogenic anomalies over background are also in use. However, natural geology is a source of significant background gamma-ray production and neither mathematical corrections nor real-time algorithmic approaches directly account for geology and geochemistry. In this study, we advance techniques to predict geologic background exposure rates using rapid and practical methods which can be achieved in the field. In addition we generate models that focus specifically on highlighting radiogenic anomalies for emergency response or further investigation. Predictive models developed in this study were generally able to predict background with medians of +/- 1.0 mu R/h compared to measured data, and were also able to highlight anomalous areas even where radiation exposure rates were within the range of natural background. C1 [Adcock, Christopher T.; Haber, Daniel A.; Burnley, Pamela C.; Hausrath, Elisabeth M.] Univ Nevada, Geosci Dept, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Haber, Daniel A.; Malchow, Russell L.] Mission Support & Test Serv LLC, Aerial Measuring Syst, Remote Sensing Lab, POB 98521, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Adcock, CT (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Geosci Dept, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM christopher.adcock@unlv.edu FU United States Army Research Laboratory; United States Army Research Office [W911NF-15-1-0573]; Mission Support and Test Services, LLC [DE-NA0003624]; United States Department of EnergyUnited States Department of Energy (DOE); Site-Directed Research and Development Program, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Emergency Operations, United States FX This material is based upon work supported by, or in part by, the United States Army Research Laboratory and the United States Army Research Office under contract/grant number W911NF-15-1-0573. This manuscript has been co-authored by Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, under Contract No. DE-NA0003624 with the United States Department of Energy and supported by the Site-Directed Research and Development Program, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Emergency Operations, United States. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Department of Energy or the United States Government. DOE/NV/03624-0244. 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Digitalization empowers international publics to scrutinize and react to a (multinational) corporation's CSR strategy, further affecting corporate outcomes of CSR practice. Drawing on the social media context and attribution theory, this study investigated international publics' reactions to corporate disaster relief, an emerging type of mobile-enhanced CSR (i.e., mCSR) practice, in the United States and China by looking at individuals' engagement with mobile social media during disasters, attribution of CSR motives, and level of CSR skepticism. Using structural equation modeling analysis, the survey data of randomly recruited Americans (n = 816) and mainland Chinese (n = 430) suggested that mobile social media engagement reinforces the values-, strategic-, and stakeholder-driven motives of mCSR in the United States and China. Egoistic-driven CSR motives elicited publics' skepticism toward mCSR, while values- and stakeholder-driven motives inhibited skepticism in both countries. However, the effect of strategic-driven motives on skepticism was inconsistent internationally. Last, CSR skepticism triggered negative relational outcomes between the mCSR-performing corporation and various stakeholders in both countries. This study advances CSR and attribution theory and contributes to the practice of CSR, public relations, and international business in the social media and disaster response context. C1 [Chen, Yi-Ru Regina] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Yang] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hung-Baesecke, Chun-Ju Flora] Massey Univ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Jin, Yan] Univ Georgia, Grady Coll Journalism & Mass Commun, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jin, Yan] Univ Georgia, Ctr Hlth & Risk Commun, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Chen, YRR (reprint author), Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Sch Commun, Dept Commun Studies, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 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Behav. Sci. PD NOV PY 2019 VL 63 IS 12 SI SI BP 1603 EP 1623 DI 10.1177/0002764219835258 PG 21 WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA JA6KH UT WOS:000487950800002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Faas, AJ Velez, ALK Nowell, BL Steelman, TA AF Faas, A. J. Velez, Anne-Lise K. Nowell, Branda L. Steelman, Toddi A. TI Methodological considerations in pre- and post-emergency network identification and data collection for disaster risk reduction: Lessons from wildfire response networks in the American Northwest SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL NETWORKS; PERFORMANCE; PREPAREDNESS; MITIGATION; IMPACT AB While social network analysis continues to enjoy considerable attention, literature on social network data collection often lacks explicit attention to methods. This presents special challenges to approaching the problems of undertaking social network analysis and of studying disaster preparedness, planning, and, ultimately, risk reduction. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting our synthesis of several strategies for network analyses from our processes for network identification and data collection in a longitudinal study of multi-jurisdictional, inter-agency wildfire response networks in the American Northwest. In the course of this ongoing project, the process of detecting and collecting data on pre-existing and emergent networks in the real world was not a matter of one theoretical or empirical judgement, but rather several. We alternated between: (1) spatio-ecological detection of jurisdictions adjacent to areas at-risk for large wildfires; (2) a hybrid approach to selecting actors and agencies identified as common participants in wildfire response networks; and (3) event-based detections of parties to specific wildfire response networks. We conclude with steps for thinking through network identification and bounding, integrating networks, conceptualizing rosters and ties in initial and events-based phases, and how to manage longitudinal network data collection. C1 [Faas, A. J.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Anthropol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Velez, Anne-Lise K.] Virginia Tech, Coll Architecture & Urban Studies, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Velez, Anne-Lise K.] Virginia Tech, Honors Coll, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Nowell, Branda L.] North Carolina State Univ, Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Raleigh, NC USA. [Steelman, Toddi A.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environmen4, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Faas, AJ (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Anthropol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. EM aj.faas@sjsu.edu FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [8-1-2 4-01]; Joint Fire Science Program; US Forest Service Northern Research StationUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA)United States Forest Service FX Special thanks to Firechasers team members Casey Fleming, Deena Bayoumi, Candice Bodkin, Jason Briefel, Joy Davis, John Diaz, Mary Hano, Annie Izod, Emily McCartha, Veronica Quintanilla, Holli Starr, Corinne Wilder, and Zheng Yang, and all respondents who contributed their time and insights to this project. This study is part of the Firechasers Research Program at North Carolina State University (Branda Nowell and Toddi Steelman, PIs), with funding provided by the National Science Foundation (8-1-2 4-01), the Joint Fire Science Program, and the US Forest Service Northern Research Station. We would also like to thank Eric C. 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These findings bridge the gap of current knowledge about the role of perceptions of stakeholders' characteristics in motivating the public's preparedness for disasters and emergencies. C1 [Wei, Hsi-Hsien] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Bldg & Real Estate, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Sim, Timothy] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Sch Nursing, WHO Collaborating Ctr Community Hlth Serv, Dept Appl Social Sci,Hung Hom,Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Han, Ziqiang] Shandong Univ, Sch Polit Sci & Publ Adm, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Han, Ziqiang] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Crisis Management Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Han, ZQ (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Sch Polit Sci & Publ Adm, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM ziqiang.han@sdu.edu.cn FU Social Science Research Grant under the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China [17YJC630035]; Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Polytechnic University [1ZVEL] FX This research is funded by the Social Science Research Grant under the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (17YJC630035), and Hong Kong Polytechnic University for the project Enhancing Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Asia and Pacific Region Health, Urban Planning, Development an Infrastructure Sectors (1ZVEL). CR Aldrich D. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD NOV PY 2019 VL 40 AR UNSP 101265 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101265 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA JA4UM UT WOS:000487832700006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yari, A Ardalan, A Ostadtaghizadeh, A Zarezadeh, Y Boubakran, MS Bidarpoor, F Rahimiforoushani, A AF Yari, Arezoo Ardalan, Ali Ostadtaghizadeh, Abbas Zarezadeh, Yadolah Boubakran, Mohsen Soufi Bidarpoor, Farzam Rahimiforoushani, Abbas TI Underlying factors affecting death due to flood in Iran: A qualitative content analysis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article ID FATALITIES; RISK; VULNERABILITY; CIRCUMSTANCES; HEALTH; AREAS; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY; DROUGHT; WESTERN AB The occurrence of floods as a threat to human life seems to be increasing; thus, all sectors of the community should participate in flood risk management to understand and control the underlying factors affecting flood deaths. This qualitative study used content analysis method with a conventional approach to identify the underlying factors influencing flood deaths from the perspective of different social groups. The participants who had directly or indirectly witnessed flood deaths were amongst ordinary flood-affected people, academic groups, and disaster management authorities in different parts of Iran. The data collection was performed using in-depth interviews with 31 individuals and 7 focused group discussions. Purposeful sampling was adopted and continued until data saturation. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded by the research team after selecting the participants. Data analysis was performed to extract and categorize the effective factors on flood death using conventional content analysis method where coding categories were derived directly from the text data. The results of this study indicated that a wide range of factors affect the deaths caused by floods including the categories of hazard-related features, cultural, economic, social, demographic, management and physical factors. These seven categories covered 27 subcategories and 167 factors. The participants of this study referred to different codes at total 926 times. The completeness of the factors suggested that flood risk management and reduction require a variety of strategies and tactics. These include planning, training, promotion of culture of prevention, awareness, recognition and readiness, coordination, cooperation. C1 [Yari, Arezoo; Ardalan, Ali; Ostadtaghizadeh, Abbas] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Emergencies & Disasters, Poorsina Ave, Tehran 1417743578, Iran. [Yari, Arezoo; Ardalan, Ali; Ostadtaghizadeh, Abbas] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Inst Environm Res, Dept Climate Change & Hlth, Tehran, Iran. [Yari, Arezoo; Zarezadeh, Yadolah; Bidarpoor, Farzam] Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Res Inst Hlth Dev, Sanandaj, Iran. [Ardalan, Ali] Harvard Univ, Harvard Humanitarian Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ostadtaghizadeh, Abbas] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Ctr Water Qual Res, Inst Environm Res, Tehran, Iran. [Boubakran, Mohsen Soufi] Urmia Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Orumiyeh, Iran. [Bidarpoor, Farzam] Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Hlth, Sanandaj, Iran. [Rahimiforoushani, Abbas] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tehran, Iran. RP Ostadtaghizadeh, A (reprint author), Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Emergencies & Disasters, Poorsina Ave, Tehran 1417743578, Iran. EM a-ostadtaghizadeh@sina.tums.ac.ir FU Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran University of Medical Sciences FX The authors would like to thank Tehran University of Medical Sciences for funding the study. 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Disaster Risk Reduct. PD NOV PY 2019 VL 40 AR UNSP 101258 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101258 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA JA4UM UT WOS:000487832700036 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yu, G Mao, ZY Hu, M Li, Z Sugumaran, V AF Yu, Gang Mao, Zeyu Hu, Min Li, Zhou Sugumaran, Vijayan TI BIM plus Topology Diagram-Driven Multiutility Tunnel Emergency Response Method SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Building information model (BIM); Utility tunnel; Emergency response; Indoor navigation model; Topology diagram ID BUILDING INFORMATION MODELS; INDOOR; SYSTEM; GIS AB Utility tunnels, serving as underground construction and long-distance infrastructure, are frequently involved in sudden and serious accidents. Despite the internally deployed sensors used for indoor environmental monitoring, the emergency team still needs more accurate emergency response information to quickly complete the repair work in a real-world scenario. This information contains the location of faulty pipes and key equipment and the accessibility of the indoor path. However, the traditional geometric network model (GNM) is less suitable for computing and describing such information. Hence, an indoor network model named the multiutility tunnel data model (MTDM) is proposed in this paper to compensate for the limitations of GNM. The model adds new nodes, edges, and semantic information based on the traditional GNM; therefore, the model can be more effectively applied to emergency response for utility tunnels. This paper also proposes a method for converting the building information model (BIM) to MTDM; consequently, MTDM can be generated automatically and accurately. Finally, this paper proposes an algorithm named emergency response analysis (ERA) to show how MTDM can be used in emergency response, including detection of faulty pipelines and pipe control equipment, and planning repair paths. This paper uses the West Road utility tunnel in Lingang New Town, Pudong District, Shanghai, China, as a practical engineering application. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparing the MTDM model to the GNM model. C1 [Yu, Gang; Mao, Zeyu; Hu, Min; Li, Zhou] Shanghai Univ, SHU UTS Business Sch, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Sugumaran, Vijayan] Oakland Univ, Sch Business Adm, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Mao, ZY (reprint author), Shanghai Univ, SHU UTS Business Sch, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. 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Comput. Civil. Eng. PD NOV 1 PY 2019 VL 33 IS 6 AR 04019038 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000851 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IY1VO UT WOS:000486180000004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lee, S Sadri, AM Ukkusuri, SV Clawson, RA Seipel, J AF Lee, Seungyoon Sadri, Arif Mohaimin Ukkusuri, Satish V. Clawson, Rosalee A. Seipel, Justin TI Network Structure and Substantive Dimensions of Improvised Social Support Ties Surrounding Households during Post-Disaster Recovery SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Social support; Personal network structure; Post-disaster recovery; Multilevel analysis ID PERSONAL NETWORKS; HELP-SEEKING; COMMUNITY; DISASTER; CORE; PREPAREDNESS; RESILIENCE; RESOURCES; CONTEXT; DETERMINANTS AB Informal social support plays a crucial role in post-disaster recovery, but are there systematic patterns of inequality in individuals' mobilization of social support? This study examines the predictors of both the network structure and substantive dimensions of social support in order to understand how different people experience different forms of support. Survey data were collected from 390 tornado-affected households in the US state of Indiana. Personal network analysis and multilevel analysis of dyadic ties show that beyond disaster-specific contexts such as household damage and evacuation status, individual and social status factors played a role. In general, older females and those with low educational level reported receiving support from denser and longer-known ties centered around kin. Dimensions of social support were differentiated by both receivers' and providers' gender, with females having a larger number of multiplex ties (i.e., multiple support types from a single alter) and exchanging emotional support, in contrast to males providing tangible support and information. In addition, people known through social relationships were key links to outside community contacts. Theoretical and practical implications regarding social support in post-disaster recovery are discussed. C1 [Lee, Seungyoon] Purdue Univ, Brian Lamb Sch Commun, 100 N Univ St,BRNG 2114, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sadri, Arif Mohaimin] Florida Int Univ, Moss Sch Construct Infrastruct & Sustainabil, 10555 W Flagler St, Miami, FL 33174 USA. [Ukkusuri, Satish V.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr,HAMP G167D, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Clawson, Rosalee A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Polit Sci, 100 N Univ St,BRNG 2222, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Seipel, Justin] Purdue Univ, Purdue Polytech Inst, 401 N Grant St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Brian Lamb Sch Commun, 100 N Univ St,BRNG 2114, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM seungyoon@purdue.edu; asadri@fiu.edu; sukkusur@purdue.edu; clawsonr@purdue.edu; jseipel@purdue.edu FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation through the Mellon Grand Challenge Exploratory Awards FX This work was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation through the Mellon Grand Challenge Exploratory Awards, organized by a partnership between the Purdue Policy Research Institute, Purdue College of Liberal Arts, and Purdue University Libraries. An earlier version of this manuscript was presented at the 2016 International Sunbelt Social Networks Conference in Newport Beach, CA. The authors thank Pedro Henrique dos Reis Rezende and Annie Wheeldon for their help with survey data collection. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Seungyoon Lee (seungyoon@purdue.edu). 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Hazards Rev. PD NOV 1 PY 2019 VL 20 IS 4 AR 04019008 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000332 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IY0ES UT WOS:000486064900002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sambah, A Miura, F Guntur Sunardi Febriana, AF AF Sambah, Abu Bakar Miura, F. Guntur Sunardi Febriana, A. F. TI GEOSPATIAL MODEL OF PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL VULNERABILITY FOR TSUNAMI RISK ANALYSIS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMATE LA English DT Article DE Geospatial; Tsunami; Vulnerability; Risk ID HAZARD; PEOPLE AB Tsunami risk assessment is required to support preparedness activities and effective disaster reduction. In this study, the analysis of physical and social vulnerability for tsunami risk assessment was applied for tsunami mitigation activities in coastal areas. The analysis was applied in the southern coastal area of East Java, Indonesia. The application of Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and visualize geographic data used for tsunami risk analysis. GIS makes possible in integrating a complex layer of the geographic phenomenon and the parameter of tsunami vulnerability. In this case, the spatial overlay of physical and social vulnerability was done using spatial multi-criteria approach Physical vulnerability parameters analyzed in this study were elevation, slope, land use, and distance from the coast. While the social vulnerability parameters include the number of population, age distribution, number of women, and people with disabilities. The results described the visualization of possible damage and loss areas that may result from a tsunami attack. The analysis illustrated that the most vulnerable areas of the tsunami were areas with low elevation, very sloping slopes, areas that close enough to the coastline and the land use type of residential class. The areas with high vulnerability class also illustrated by social vulnerability parameters especially population density. The estimates of affected areas due to tsunamis can help the decision-makers in mitigating the possible consequences of tsunamis, managing the emergency response related to the tsunami disaster, and developing plans for recovery and reconstruction after the tsunami event. C1 [Sambah, Abu Bakar; Guntur; Sunardi; Febriana, A. F.] Univ Brawijaya, Fac Fisheries & Marine Sci, Malang, Indonesia. [Sambah, Abu Bakar] Univ Brawijaya, Marine Resources Explorat & Management Res Grp, Malang, Indonesia. [Miura, F.] Yamaguchi Univ, Fac Engn, Yamaguchi, Japan. RP Sambah, A (reprint author), Univ Brawijaya, Fac Fisheries & Marine Sci, Malang, Indonesia.; Sambah, A (reprint author), Univ Brawijaya, Marine Resources Explorat & Management Res Grp, Malang, Indonesia. FU Ministry of Research, Technology and the Higher Education Republic of Indonesia FX The research is a part of the tsunami risk mapping project in the coastal area of East Java funding by the Ministry of Research, Technology and the Higher Education Republic of Indonesia. Authors are thankful too to METI and NASA for the ASTER GDEM products, USGS for Landsat 8 OLI image, and Geospatial Information Agency of Indonesia (BIG) for providing the basic map of the study area. We also thank Laboratory of Disaster Prevention System, Yamaguchi University, Japan and Laboratory of Marine Resources Exploration, Brawijaya University Indonesia. 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GEOMATE PD NOV PY 2019 VL 17 IS 63 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.21660/2019.63.4684 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA IC3VP UT WOS:000470890700005 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bec, A Becken, AS AF Bec, Alexandra Becken, And Susanne TI Risk perceptions and emotional stability in response to Cyclone Debbie: an analysis of Twitter data SO JOURNAL OF RISK RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Social media; emotional stability; Cyclone Debbie; social amplification of risk framework ID SOCIAL MEDIA; DISASTER PREPAREDNESS; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; PERCEIVED RISK; AMPLIFICATION; COMMUNICATION; FRAMEWORK; CREDIBILITY; INFORMATION; VARIABILITY AB In March 2017, a category 4 cyclone, ?Cyclone Debbie?, made landfall across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) region of Australia. Drawing on the social amplification of risk framework and the concept of emotional stability, this research aims to provide insight into the perceptions of risk and individual responses to the disaster event using Twitter data, facilitating future analysis of social media messages during disaster events. This study uses Twitter data collected from the GBR region before, during and after Cyclone Debbie. Findings revealed changes in emotional stability across the stages of the cyclone. The findings suggested that statements revealing lower emotional stability were associated with amplified perceptions of risk, whilst increased emotional stability attenuated perceptions of risk. However, this was not the case for the characteristic ?empathy?, which may have contributed to amplified perceptions of risk. Preparedness was also found to portray higher emotional stability characteristics. 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DI 10.1080/13669877.2019.1673798 EA OCT 2019 PG 19 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA JC4WH UT WOS:000489278200001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jiang, YW Ritchie, BW Benckendorff, P AF Jiang, Yawei Ritchie, Brent W. Benckendorff, Pierre TI Bibliometric visualisation: an application in tourism crisis and disaster management research SO CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM LA English DT Review DE bibliometrics; visualisation; co-citation analysis; crisis and disaster management; CiteSpace ID SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; HOSPITALITY RESEARCH; INSTITUTIONAL CONTRIBUTORS; INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE; AUTHOR COCITATION; EMERGING TRENDS; KNOWLEDGE; JOURNALS; PROGRESS AB A limited number of studies have applied bibliometric visualisation to explore the network structure of scholarly tourism knowledge. This study uses CiteSpace to analyse and visualise the intellectual structure of the tourism crisis and disaster management (TCDM) field. The use of new bibliometric visualisation techniques makes a methodological contribution to the mapping and presentation of bibliometric data in tourism research. Potentials for using these methods to provide new insights into research patterns and gaps are illustrated with an analysis of the TCDM literature. The study demonstrates how bibliometric visualisation can provide new insights into an area of literature by better communicating key findings, facilitating the exploration of data, and providing rich information to readers. Findings indicate that TCDM research has moved from broader topics to more specific issues, with a more recent focus on resilience and economic crises. The visualisation of co-authorship networks reveals that major collaborative networks are based on geographic and institutional proximity, dominated by scholars in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Seven major research clusters are identified from the visualisation of a co-citation network. The identification of structural holes and bridging papers draws attention to research gaps and future research opportunities in the TCDM field. C1 [Jiang, Yawei; Ritchie, Brent W.; Benckendorff, Pierre] Univ Queensland, UQ Business Sch, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Jiang, YW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, UQ Business Sch, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. 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PD OCT 2 PY 2019 VL 22 IS 16 BP 1925 EP 1957 DI 10.1080/13683500.2017.1408574 PG 33 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IS1RF UT WOS:000481930700002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bhuvana, N Aram, IA AF Bhuvana, N. Aram, I. Arul TI Facebook and Whatsapp as disaster management tools during the Chennai (India) floods of 2015 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Chennai floods; Disaster management; Facebook; WhatsApp; Reverse agenda-setting; Empowerment ID SOCIAL MEDIA; ATTENTION; COVERAGE; THINK; AGE AB The digital world we live in has transformed the way we communicate, network, seek help, access information, gain knowledge, and has shaped every aspect of our lives. A wide choice of communication platforms facilitates our indulgence from texting to posting on social media, which allows us to transcend geographic limitations. Natural disasters necessitate immediate communication to know the well-being of the people concerned and to seek rescue and relief measures. One such 'black swan' event was the Chennai floods of 2015, in south India, where social media such as Facebook and WhatsApp became disaster management tools for social activism. This research aims to analyse how Facebook and WhatsApp were used in the management of the Chennai floods of 2015, particularly by residents of Kotturpuram and Mudichur, two of the worst-affected areas in the city. The study used a quantitative approach, carrying out a survey with judgement sampling (n=400). The satisfaction level of using Facebook and WhatsApp among the residents of Kotturpuram and Mudichur were analyzed. The factors of sense of empowerment - information, real-time operational information, emotional appeal, situational updates, and trustworthiness - were further analyzed. The implication of social media over traditional media and how those affected gained influence and power to set reverse agenda through social media during the Chennai floods of 2015 was also investigated. The use of both Facebook and WhatsApp increased and even surpassed the use of more conventional tools of communication such as radio and television during the Chennai floods. Apart from being mere tools for communication, social media facilitated disaster management during the floods. Our analysis reveals that the information sourced from Facebook and WhatsApp chats can be an eye-opener to specific areas of resource needs and gaps in resource distribution which will help in decision-making in real disasters. C1 [Bhuvana, N.; Aram, I. Arul] Anna Univ, Dept Media Sci, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Bhuvana, N (reprint author), Anna Univ, Dept Media Sci, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. 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TI The role of data and information exchanges in transport system disaster recovery: A New Zealand case study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Earthquake; Decision making; Emergency management; Response; Resilience; Knowledge management; Kaikoura ID W 7.8 KAIKOURA; KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT; EARTHQUAKE; RESILIENCE; WELLINGTON; BUILDINGS; RUPTURE AB The M(w)7.8 earthquake on 14 November 2016 near Kaikoura, New Zealand had major impacts on the country's transport system. Road, rail and port infrastructure was damaged, creating substantial disruption for transport operators, residents, tourists, and business owners across several regions. During the response and recovery phases, a large amount of information and data associated with the transport system was generated, managed, analysed, and exchanged within and between organisations to assist decision making. In this paper, we characterise how the transport system, infrastructure, and supply chain responded and adapted to earthquake-related disruptions and examine the flow and use of information in post-disaster (response and recovery) decision making across all transport modes. We present key findings from a post-earthquake assessment with the aim of improving information and data exchanges and related decision making in the transport sector during future events. This research commenced a year after the earthquake and involved 35 different stakeholder groups. Many information exchanges were effective, enabling the transport system to respond and adapt successfully, and allowing the continued mobility of users and goods. Organisations responding to transport disruptions drew on existing data sources in new ways, collected novel datasets, and leveraged relationships to manage information exchanges. There is, however, scope for improvement to reduce barriers to information exchanges and enhance post- disruption data usage between the numerous organisations involved in transport recovery. This may include improved clarity on organisational boundaries and an enhanced role for coordinators to act as single points of contact for transport sectors. C1 [Blake, D. M.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Stevenson, J.] Resilient Org, Unit 2,188 Durham St, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand. [Wotherspoon, L.] Univ Auckland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Auckland 1010, New Zealand. [Ivory, V; Trotter, M.] WSP Opus, 33 Esplanade, Lower Hutt 5012, New Zealand. [Trotter, M.] Navigatus Consulting, Level 4,142 Featherston St, Wellington 6011, New Zealand. RP Blake, DM (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. EM daniel.blake@canterbury.ac.nz FU Ministry of Transport; Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's National Science Challenges: Resilience to Nature's Challenges; QuakeCoRE - a New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission FX We sincerely thank all transport stakeholders who contributed to this research, through the workshop, interviews and subsequent followup. We extend our specific thanks to Roger Fairclough of Neo Leaf Global Limited for his assistance with the participant registration and logistics for the workshop and interviews, and wise suggestions during the compilation of findings. We thank the Ministry of Transport for funding the project, and particularly Geoff Parr, Tim Herbert, Nick Paterson and Shelley Tucker (Ministry of Transport) and also Cara Gordon (Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management) for their suggestions and edits to the initial report on which this paper derived. Thanks also to Mohammad Aghababaei (University of Auckland) for his support in writing up notes from the workshop, which greatly assisted our analysis of findings. The authors were supported by funding from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's National Science Challenges: Resilience to Nature's Challenges, and partially supported by QuakeCoRE -a New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission-funded Centre. This is QuakeCoRE publication number 0432. 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George, Priscilla TI Human vulnerability mapping of chemical accidents in major industrial units in Kerala, India for better disaster mitigation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Major Accident Hazard (MAH); Risk assessment; Vulnerability assessment; ALOHA; Geographical Information System (GIS) ID SIMULATION; HAZARD AB Oil and Gas industries are one of the prominent industrial sectors in India, which plays a pivotal role in influencing important sections of the economy. The hazards associated with these Major Accident Hazard (MAH) industries include fire, explosion and toxic gas release. The oil and gas plants located in Cochin City, Kerala, India handle many hazardous materials, which can lead to potentially dangerous accidents. The objective of this study was to evaluate and map the population vulnerability and to develop a comprehensive procedure for assessing the risk level of the industrial site using geospatial tools. A detailed survey was carried out in the MAH industries of Kakkanad-Irumpanam-Ambalamugal industrial clusters. With the data obtained, an extensive risk analysis was carried out which includes modelling of various incident outcome cases arising from the hazardous storages. Results obtained from consequence modelling and effect modelling was used to estimate the individual and societal risk at environs of the industrial cluster. With the estimated individual risk, threat zones were identified and mapped using Arc GIS software. This study categorizes the study area into different zones based on individual risks. The individual risk based zone map developed in this study can be used as a decision making tool during emergency management and for land use planning for regions surrounding the industrial areas, which may reduce the death toll during a disaster in future. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD OCT PY 2019 VL 39 AR UNSP 101247 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101247 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA JA4VL UT WOS:000487835400023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Schempp, T Zhang, HR Schmid, A Hong, MS Akerkar, R AF Schempp, Timothy Zhang, Haoran Schmid, Alexander Hong, Minsung Akerkar, Rajendra TI A framework to integrate social media and authoritative data for disaster relief detection and distribution optimization SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Disaster relief; Disaster management; Social media; Optimization ID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; DECISION-MAKING; EMERGENCY; FLOOD; MANAGEMENT; LOGISTICS; NETWORKS; LOCATION; EVENTS; SYSTEM AB In this paper, we propose an interdisciplinary approach to (natural) disaster relief management. Our framework combines dynamic and static databases, which consist of social media and authoritative data of an afflicted region, respectively, to model rescue demand during a disaster situation. Using Global Particle Swarm Optimization and Mixed-Integer Linear Programming, we then determine the optimal amount and locations of temporal rescue centers. Furthermore, our disaster relief system identifies an efficient distribution of supplies between hospitals and rescue centers and rescue demand points. By leveraging the temporal dimension of the social media data, our framework manages to iteratively optimize the disaster relief distribution. C1 [Schempp, Timothy] San Diego State Univ, Ctr Informat Convergence & Strategy, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Zhang, Haoran] Univ Tokyo, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Schmid, Alexander] Univ Hohenheim, Dept Econometr & Stat, Hohenheim, Germany. [Hong, Minsung; Akerkar, Rajendra] Western Norway Res Inst, Sogndal, Norway. RP Schempp, T (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Ctr Informat Convergence & Strategy, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.; Zhang, HR (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci, Tokyo, Japan. EM tschempp@sdsu.edu; zhang_ronan@csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp FU Research Council of Norway (RCN)Research Council of Norway; Norwegian Center for International Cooperation in Education (SiU) grant through INTPART program FX The work is funded from the Research Council of Norway (RCN) and the Norwegian Center for International Cooperation in Education (SiU) grant through INTPART program. 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Geospatial data are among the first information delivered. Recently, online mapping, remote sensing and the support of volunteers and technical communities wrought dramatic changes in the use of geospatial information, bringing new challenges to the digital humanitarian community. Information Management Officers are tapping alternative data sources, and institutions are adapting their working procedures to this new reality. The perspectives of these Information Management Officers have been studied through semi-structured interviews and monitoring of the tools used during responses to real emergencies. This study determines the required data and the relation with geospatial preparedness. It also explores the potential and limitations of development organisations, community mapping and social networks as alternative sources of information. C1 [Martin, Roberto San; Painho, Marco] Univ Nova Lisboa, NOVA IMS, Campus Campolide, Lisbon, Portugal. 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Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PD OCT PY 2019 VL 16 IS 3 AR 20180046 DI 10.1515/jhsem-2018-0046 PG 11 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA IZ8CN UT WOS:000487330500005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ullah, F Ullah, Z Ahmad, S Ul Islam, I Rehman, SU Iqbal, J AF Ullah, Fasee Ullah, Zaka Ahmad, Sheeraz Ul Islam, Ihtesham Rehman, Saeed Ur Iqbal, Javed TI Traffic priority based delay-aware and energy efficient path allocation routing protocol for wireless body area network SO JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING LA English DT Article AB Wireless body area network (WBAN) is the emerging field in domain of healthcare to monitor vital signs of patients with the support of bio-medical sensors. The design of delay-aware and energy efficient routing protocol based on the traffic prioritization is the key research theme in WBAN. 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Secondly, energy efficient and delay-aware path allocation algorithm is developed for normal data focusing on the selection of optimal and shortest paths with minimum temperature rise (hotspot). Thirdly, data on-demand algorithm is developed for on-demand traffic to transmit immediately to the medical doctor which is usually asked if any criticality or emergency situation happens with patient. Forth, criticalities (abnormal readings of vital signs i.e. low and high threshold values) detection algorithms are developed for measuring criticalities of vital signs and allocation of adaptive and energy efficient paths on the priority basis by removing conflict between them. Extensive simulations are performed in realistic medical environments for comparing performance of the proposed Tripe-EEC protocol with the state-of-the-art protocols. C1 [Ullah, Fasee; Ul Islam, Ihtesham] Sarhad Univ Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Peshawar, Pakistan. 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PD OCT PY 2019 VL 10 IS 10 SI SI BP 3775 EP 3794 DI 10.1007/s12652-019-01343-w PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IZ4IL UT WOS:000487047400004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, N Liu, WJ Bai, RZ Chen, A AF Chen, Ning Liu, Wenjing Bai, Ruizhen Chen, An TI Application of computational intelligence technologies in emergency management: a literature review SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REVIEW LA English DT Review DE Disaster; Emergency management; Computational intelligence; Big data; Intelligent decision-making ID DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RESPONSE SYSTEM; BIG DATA; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; OPTIMIZATION MODEL; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; INCIDENT DETECTION; LIAONING PROVINCE; NUCLEAR EMERGENCY AB Due to the frequently occurring disasters in the world, emergency management is an attractive research area aiming to stabilize the disasters and reduce the potential damage to human, facility and environment. The timely and effective emergency management is highly relied on the utilization of observable information and the integration of available resources. Computational intelligence is one of the fastest growing areas in the field of computer technology. Nowadays, big data has brought ever-increasing impact and challenge to effective data processing and intelligent decision-making. Computation intelligence technologies play a vital role during the lifecycle of emergency management in the context of big data. This review provides a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art computation intelligence technologies widely applied in the emergency management, and summarizes the present-day emergency management systems in diverse industries. Finally, some promising future research directions and challenges are indicated. C1 [Chen, Ning] Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Technol, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo, Henan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wenjing] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Business, 1800 Lihu Ave, Wuxi, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Bai, Ruizhen; Chen, An] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Policy & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chen, An] Henan Polytech Univ, Safety & Emergency Management Res Ctr, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo, Henan, Peoples R China. RP Chen, N (reprint author), Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Technol, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo, Henan, Peoples R China. EM nchenyx@outlook.com; liuwenjing6631@163.com; brzandrea@163.com; change1970@163.com FU National Social Science Foundation of China [16FGL001]; Scientific Research Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University FX This work was supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (Contact No. 16FGL001) and Scientific Research Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University (No. Y2017-1). 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Intell. Rev. PD OCT PY 2019 VL 52 IS 3 BP 2131 EP 2168 DI 10.1007/s10462-017-9589-8 PG 38 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA IY2XT UT WOS:000486256400020 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mobley, W Sebastian, A Highfield, W Brody, SD AF Mobley, William Sebastian, Antonia Highfield, Wesley Brody, Samuel D. TI Estimating flood extent during Hurricane Harvey using maximum entropy to build a hazard distribution model SO JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE crowdsourcing; emergency management; flood hazard; flood risk; hurricane; maximum entropy; species distribution model; volunteered geographic information ID SOCIAL MEDIA; NATIONAL FOREST; SAMPLE-SIZE; INFORMATION; RISK; INUNDATION; PREDICTION; ACCURACY; LOCATION; IGNITION AB Rescue requests during large-scale urban flood disasters can be difficult to validate and prioritise. High-resolution aerial imagery is often unavailable or lacks the necessary geographic extent, making it difficult to obtain real-time information about where flooding is occurring. In this paper, we present a novel approach to map the extent of urban flooding in Harris County, Texas during Hurricane Harvey (August 25-30, 2017) and identify where people were most likely to need immediate emergency assistance. Using Maximum Entropy, we predict the probability of flooding based on several spatially-distributed physical and socio-economic characteristics coupled with crowdsourced data. We compare the results against two alternative flood datasets available after Hurricane Harvey (i.e., Copernicus satellite imagery and riverine flood depths estimated by FEMA), and we validate the performance of the model using a 15% subset of the rescue requests, Houston 311 flood calls, and inundated roadways. We find that the model predicts a much larger area of flooding than was shown by either Copernicus or FEMA when compared against the locations of rescue requests, and that it performs well using both a subset of rescue requests (AUC 0.917) and 311 calls (AUC 0.929) but is less sensitive to inundated roads (AUC 0.721). C1 [Mobley, William; Sebastian, Antonia; Highfield, Wesley; Brody, Samuel D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. [Sebastian, Antonia] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Hydraul Engn, Delft, Netherlands. RP Mobley, W (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. EM wmobley@tamu.edu OI Mobley, William/0000-0003-1783-0599 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [OISE-1545837] FX National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: PIRE Grant no. 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James Srinivasan, Raghavan Lakshmi, Venkat TI Web-based decision support system tools: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool Online visualization and analyses (SWATOnline) and NASA earth observation data downloading and reformatting tool (NASAaccess) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Tethys; SWAT; Remote sensing; Climate; Water management; NASA ID SWAT MODEL; CALIBRATION; CONSERVATION; CHALLENGES; PLATFORM AB The current influx of climate related information required scientists to communicate their findings to decision makers in governments, disaster preparedness organizations, and the general public. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a powerful modelling tool that allows scientists to simulate many of the physical processes involved in the water cycle. This article presents the design, methods and development efforts to overcome some of the limitations of the previously developed SWAT visualization software programs by creating a set of modular web applications that can be duplicated, customized, and run. Moreover, this article features a web application development tool for climate data retrieval. The NASAaccess fetches, extracts and reformats climate data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration servers and outputs data compatible with hydrological models. This work has the potential to increase the SWAT's model impact on non-technically trained stakeholders and decision makers charged with water and climate management. C1 [McDonald, Spencer; Nelson, E. James] Brigham Young Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Mohammed, Ibrahim Nourein] NASA, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Mail Code 617-0, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bolten, John D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Code 617-0, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Pulla, Sarva] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, SERVIR Sci Coordinat Off, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Meechaiya, Chinaporn] Asian Disaster Preparedness Ctr, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Markert, Amanda] Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lakshmi, Venkat] Univ Virginia, Dept Engn Syst & Environm, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Mohammed, IN (reprint author), NASA, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Mail Code 617-0, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Ibrahim.Mohammed@nasa.gov RI Mohammed, Ibrahim Nourein/H-7798-2013; Srinivasan, Raghavan/D-3937-2009 OI Mohammed, Ibrahim Nourein/0000-0002-6542-319X; Srinivasan, Raghavan/0000-0001-8375-6038 FU NASA Applied Sciences [NNX16AT88G, NNX16AT86G] FX The work was completed in collaboration with experts at the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), and the SERVIR Science Coordination Office at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). We are indebted to the valuable discussions, and comments from GSFC, MSFC, and ADPC staff members. This work was funded by the NASA Applied Sciences Grant#NNX16AT88G and Grant #NNX16AT86G. CR Abbaspour KC, 2015, J HYDROL, V524, P733, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.03.027 Ames D. 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PD OCT PY 2019 VL 120 AR UNSP 104499 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104499 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IW6QE UT WOS:000485105700017 PM 31534434 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Soyata, T Habibzadeh, H Ekenna, C Nussbaum, B Lozano, J AF Soyata, Tolga Habibzadeh, Hadi Ekenna, Chinwe Nussbaum, Brian Lozano, Jose TI Smart city in crisis: Technology and policy concerns SO SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Emergency communications; Mesh networks; Internet of things; Unused capacity; Smart cities; Smart city policy; Disaster response; Emergency management; Disaster mode technology ID MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; INTERNET; COMMUNICATION; NETWORKS; ACCESS; THINGS AB Any effective smart city application proposal must consider both the technological and policy challenges to be optimally beneficial to the city; and not only in functioning of the narrow area of application during normal operations (lighting, parking, etc.), but also the utility of these systems and data in disasters and emergencies. In this paper, we propose a conceptual redundant mesh network of smart devices (termed "smart boxes"), which are capable of harvesting their own energy from off-grid sources and operating in two modes: in normal mode, smart boxes act as data collection devices and enable smart city data to be shared through traditional IT services. Alternatively, during a catastrophic event in the city, smart boxes switch to emergency mode and provide a communication channel to first responders via the redundant overlay network they establish, without requiring any power from the grid. We provide a detailed research map to realize such a conceptual network, both from technology (i.e., communication, hardware) and policy aspects (i.e., institutional and personal policy adoption), including extensive suggestions for assessment of both technical and policy success, and incorporation of nontraditional smart city customers for smart city application data and services like first responders and emergency managers. C1 [Soyata, Tolga; Habibzadeh, Hadi] SUNY Albany, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Ekenna, Chinwe] SUNY Albany, Dept Comp Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Nussbaum, Brian] SUNY Albany, Coll Emergency Preparedness Homeland Secur & Cybe, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Lozano, Jose] Biol Energy Inc, Spencer, NY 14883 USA. RP Habibzadeh, H (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albany, NY 12222 USA. 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PD OCT PY 2019 VL 50 AR UNSP 101566 DI 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101566 PG 15 WC Construction & Building Technology; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Energy & Fuels SC Construction & Building Technology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA IV4PU UT WOS:000484255800002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sutton, J Renshaw, SL Vos, SC Olson, MK Prestley, R Ben Gibson, C Butts, CT AF Sutton, Jeannette Renshaw, Scott L. Vos, Sarah C. Olson, Michele K. Prestley, Robert Ben Gibson, C. Butts, Carter T. TI Getting the Word Out, Rain or Shine: The Impact of Message Features and Hazard Context on Message Passing Online SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Communications; decision making; Emergency preparedness; Emergency response; Societal impacts ID SOCIAL MEDIA; ENGAGEMENT; INFORMATION; COMMUNITY; MODEL AB Networked social media provide governmental organizations, such as the National Weather Service (NWS), the opportunity to communicate directly with stakeholders over long periods of time as a form of online engagement. Typologies of engagement include aspects of message content that provide information, contribute to community building, and inspire action and aspects of message microstructural features that facilitate interaction and dialogue, such as directed messages, hashtags, and URLs. Currently, little is known regarding the effect of message strategies on behavioral outcomes, and whether those effects vary under different weather conditions. In this paper we examine how message practices used on Twitter by the NWS are related to message engagement under routine and nonroutine weather conditions. Our analysis employs a census of tweets sent by 12 NWS Weather Forecast Offices in spring 2016 and uses a combination of manual and automated coding to identify engagement content and microstructure features present in each message. We identify factors that increase and decrease message retransmission (retweets) within this corpus under varying threat conditions, using a mixed-effects negative binomial regression model. We find that inclusion of actionable message content, information about historical weather facts, attached visual imagery (such as a map or infograph), and named event hashtags increases message passing during both threat and nonthreat periods. In contrast, messages that include forecast and nowcast content and messages that are sent in reply to other users have a lower passing rate. Findings suggest that common message features do alter message passing, potentially informing message design practices aimed at increasing the reach of messages sent under threat conditions. C1 [Sutton, Jeannette; Olson, Michele K.; Prestley, Robert] Univ Kentucky, Dept Commun, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Renshaw, Scott L.; Ben Gibson, C.; Butts, Carter T.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Sociol, Irvine, CA USA. [Vos, Sarah C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Lexington, KY USA. RP Sutton, J (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Commun, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM jeannette.sutton@uky.edu FU National Science Foundation program on Infrastructure Management for Extreme Events [CMMI-IMEE 1536347, CMMI-IMEE 1536319] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation program on Infrastructure Management for Extreme Events (CMMI-IMEE 1536347 and CMMI-IMEE 1536319). 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PD OCT PY 2019 VL 11 IS 4 BP 763 EP 776 DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-19-0021.1 PG 14 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA IT3VZ UT WOS:000482787400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Paltrinieri, N Comfort, L Reniers, G AF Paltrinieri, Nicola Comfort, Louise Reniers, Genserik TI Learning about risk: Machine learning for risk assessment SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; Dynamic risk analysis; Machine learning; Deep learning ID ATYPICAL SCENARIOS IDENTIFICATION; MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; MANAGEMENT; SAFETY; PREVENTION; OPERATIONS; SUPPORT; DESIGN; DYPASI AB Risk assessment has a primary role in safety-critical industries. However, it faces a series of overall challenges, partially related to technology advancements and increasing needs. There is currently a call for continuous risk assessment, improvement in learning past lessons and definition of techniques to process relevant data, which are to be coupled with adequate capability to deal with unexpected events and provide the right support to enable risk management. Through this work, we suggest a risk assessment approach based on machine learning. In particular, a deep neural network (DNN) model is developed and tested for a drive-off scenario involving an Oil & Gas drilling rig. Results show reasonable accuracy for DNN predictions and general suitability to (partially) overcome risk assessment challenges. Nevertheless, intrinsic model limitations should be taken into account and appropriate model selection and customization should be carefully carried out to deliver appropriate support for safety-related decision-making. C1 [Paltrinieri, Nicola] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Trondheim, Norway. [Comfort, Louise] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Ctr Disaster Management, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Reniers, Genserik] Univ Antwerp, Operat Res Grp ANT OR, Fac Appl Econ, Antwerp, Belgium. [Reniers, Genserik] KULeuven, HUB, Ctr Corp Sustainabil CEDON, Brussels, Belgium. [Reniers, Genserik] Delft Univ Technol, Safety Sci Grp, Delft, Netherlands. RP Paltrinieri, N (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Trondheim, Norway. EM nicola.paltrinieri@ntnu.no OI Paltrinieri, Nicola/0000-0002-7447-1302; Comfort, Louise K./0000-0003-4411-1354 FU project Lo-Risk ("Learning about Risk") - Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (Onsager fellowship) FX This research was supported by the project Lo-Risk ("Learning about Risk"), supported by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (Onsager fellowship). 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Sci. PD OCT PY 2019 VL 118 BP 475 EP 486 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2019.06.001 PG 12 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA IJ6FY UT WOS:000475999000047 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ronchi, E Gwynne, SMV Rein, G Intini, P Wadhwani, R AF Ronchi, Enrico Gwynne, Steven M. V. Rein, Guillermo Intini, Paolo Wadhwani, Rahul TI An open multi-physics framework for modelling wildland-urban interface fire evacuations SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Wildland-urban interface (WUI); Fire; Evacuation; Modelling; Decision making ID WILDFIRE EVACUATION; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR; SURFACE AB Fire evacuations at wildland-urban interfaces (WUI) pose a serious challenge to the emergency services, and are a global issue affecting thousands of communities around the world. This paper presents a multi-physics framework for the simulation of evacuation in WUI wildfire incidents, including three main modelling layers: wildfire, pedestrians, and traffic. Currently, these layers have been mostly modelled in isolation and there is no comprehensive model which accounts for their integration. The key features needed for system integration are identified, namely: consistent level of refinement of each layer (i.e. spatial and temporal scales) and their application (e.g. evacuation planning or emergency response), and complete data exchange. Timelines of WUI fire events are analysed using an approach similar to building fire engineering (available vs. required safe egress times for WUI fires, i.e. WASET/WRSET). The proposed framework allows for a paradigm shift from current wildfire risk assessment and mapping tools towards dynamic fire vulnerability mapping. This is the assessment of spatial and temporal vulnerabilities based on the wildfire threat evolution along with variables related to the infrastructure, population and network characteristics. This framework allows for the integration of the three main modelling layers affecting WUI fire evacuation and aims at improving the safety of WUI communities by minimising the consequences of wildfire evacuations. C1 [Ronchi, Enrico; Intini, Paolo] Lund Univ, Dept Fire Safety Engn, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Gwynne, Steven M. V.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. [Rein, Guillermo; Wadhwani, Rahul] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Intini, Paolo] Polytech Univ Bari, Dept Civil Environm Land Bldg Engn & Chem, I-70125 Bari, Italy. [Wadhwani, Rahul] Victoria Univ, Ctr Environm Safety & Risk Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3030, Australia. [Gwynne, Steven M. V.] Movement Strategies, 31-35 Kirby St, London EC1N 8TE, England. RP Ronchi, E (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Fire Safety Engn, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM enrico.ronchi@brand.lth.se RI wadhwani, rahul/AAA-1680-2019 OI wadhwani, rahul/0000-0003-0675-8800 FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of CommerceNational Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA [60NANB16D282]; Lerici Foundation FX This work has been conducted by Lund University, Imperial College, the National Research Council Canada, and is funded funds under award 60NANB16D282 from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce. The authors wish to acknowledge the Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF) at the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) as administrator of the NIST grant. The authors also wish to acknowledge Amanda Kimball and Daniel Gorham at the FPRF for their continuous support during the project. The system specification and the data exchange requirements were developed by receiving regular feedback from a technical committee formed from WUI stakeholders. The authors also wish to thank NFPA for the 2018 Fire Protection Research Foundation Medal received for the project associated with this paper. Enrico Ronchi wishes to acknowledge Albin Bergstedt for his help in the review of traffic models. Paolo Intini wishes to acknowledge the Lerici Foundation for providing financial support for his research at Lund University. All figures in the paper are provided under Creative Commons license CC BY 4.0. 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TI A robust two-stage transit-based evacuation model for large-scale disaster response SO MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE HGA; IRRSH; Transit-based evacuation; Vehicle routing; Vehicle scheduling ID FACILITY LOCATION; OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; DEMAND AB After a natural or man-made large-scale disaster occurs, it is a great danger to the residents who are living in the affected area. Evacuees in the (potential) impacted area need to be assembled at pick-up points and evacuated within the specified time by using vehicles that transport them to the safe shelters, potentially multiple times. It is necessary to consider this transit-based evacuation problem right after the occurrence of a large-scale disaster with different time windows caused by different radius to the disaster center point. As the pick-up points of assembling evacuees can greatly influence the evacuation process, it is crucial to identify the critical pick-up point locations to assemble evacuees. We decompose the problem into two stages: determination of pick-up point locations, vehicle routing and scheduling. In the first stage, the goal is to determine a set of pick-up points to assemble evacuees while minimizing the total walking time of evacuees from their locations to pick-up points. In the second stage, the aim is to allocate vehicles to safe shelters to evacuate evacuees from pick-up points to safer shelters to minimize the total transit-based evacuation time. The first-stage problem is formulated as an integer nonlinear programming model and the second-stage problem is modeled as a mixed-integer programming model. To better recognize the locations of pick-up points, a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is developed. An interval/roundtrip-based routing and scheduling heuristic (IRRSH) algorithm is proposed to route and schedule the vehicles under time-window constraint. Finally, computational results are provided to demonstrate the validity and robustness of the proposed model. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Xuehong; Nayeem, Moddassir Khan; Hezam, Ibrahim M.] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Busan, South Korea. [Hezam, Ibrahim M.] Ibb Univ, Dept Math, Ibb, Yemen. RP Gao, XH (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Busan, South Korea. 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Huang, Yu-Fen Tsang, Yin-Phan TI The Floodwater Depth Estimation Tool (FwDET v2.0) for improved remote sensing analysis of coastal flooding SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INUNDATION; RISK AB Remote sensing analysis is routinely used to map flooding extent either retrospectively or in near-real time. For flood emergency response, remote-sensing-based flood mapping is highly valuable as it can offer continued observational information about the flood extent over large geographical domains. Information about the floodwater depth across the inundated domain is important for damage assessment, rescue, and prioritizing of relief resource allocation, but cannot be readily estimated from remote sensing analysis. The Floodwater Depth Estimation Tool (FwDET) was developed to augment remote sensing analysis by calculating water depth based solely on an inundation map with an associated digital elevation model (DEM). The tool was shown to be accurate and was used in flood response activations by the Global Flood Partnership. Here we present a new version of the tool, FwDET v2.0, which enables water depth estimation for coastal flooding. FwDET v2.0 features a new flood boundary identification scheme which accounts for the lack of confinement of coastal flood domains at the shoreline. A new algorithm is used to calculate the local floodwater elevation for each cell, which improves the tool's runtime by a factor of 15 and alleviates inaccurate local boundary assignment across permanent water bodies. FwDET v2.0 is evaluated against physically based hydrodynamic simulations in both riverine and coastal case studies. The results show good correspondence, with an average difference of 0.18 and 0.31 m for the coastal (using a 1 m DEM) and riverine (using a 10 m DEM) case studies, respectively. A FwDET v2.0 application of using remote-sensing-derived flood maps is presented for three case studies. These case studies showcase FwDET v2.0 ability to efficiently provide a synoptic assessment of floodwater. Limitations include challenges in obtaining high-resolution DEMs and increases in uncertainty when applied for highly fragmented flood inundation domains. C1 [Cohen, Sagy; Raney, Austin; Munasinghe, Dinuke] Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Loftis, J. Derek] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Ctr Coastal Resources Management, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Molthan, Andrew] NASA, Earth Sci Branch, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA. [Bell, Jordan] Univ Alabama, Earth Syst Sci Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA. [Rogers, Laura] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Galantowicz, John] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc AER, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Brakenridge, G. Robert] Univ Colorado, Dartmouth Flood Observ, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kettner, Albert J.; Huang, Yu-Fen; Tsang, Yin-Phan] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Cohen, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM sagy.cohen@ua.edu RI Tsang, Yin-Phan/I-3413-2019; Munasinghe, Dinuke/AAC-2303-2019 OI Tsang, Yin-Phan/0000-0002-0593-4916; Munasinghe, Dinuke/0000-0001-7504-0910 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Mid-Atlantic Communities and Areas at Intensive Risk (CAIR) demonstration project FX This research has been supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Mid-Atlantic Communities and Areas at Intensive Risk (CAIR) demonstration project. 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Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. PD SEP 26 PY 2019 VL 19 IS 9 BP 2053 EP 2065 DI 10.5194/nhess-19-2053-2019 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA JA7SK UT WOS:000488046500001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chan, CS Nozu, K Cheung, TOL AF Chan, Chung-Shing Nozu, Kazuo Cheung, Ting On Lewis TI Tourism and natural disaster management process: perception of tourism stakeholders in the case of Kumamoto earthquake in Japan SO CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Disaster recovery; earthquake; Japan; Kumamoto Prefecture; natural disasters; tourism sustainability ID CRISIS MANAGEMENT; DESTINATION IMAGE; KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT; RECOVERY; RISK; IMPACT; ISLAND; COLLABORATION; PREPAREDNESS; ENGAGEMENT AB Tourism has a reciprocal relationship with natural disasters. The study aims to investigate the role of tourism as a strategy in the disaster phases based on (2001. Towards a framework for tourism disaster management. Tourism Management, 22, 135-147) and Ritchie (2004. Chaos, crises and disasters: A strategic approach to crisis management in the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 25, 669-683)'s disaster management frameworks in the case of the earthquake occurred in Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan in April 2016. The analysis was based on interviews with twelve informants and stakeholders in tourism development collected in Kumamoto in summer 2018. The results suggest that the tourism industry contributes differently across the phases of a disaster but is mainly significant in terms of information provisions, communications and emergency accommodations for tourists. More fundamental changes may be observed in the long-term recovery and resolution phases, whereby tourism is most important in information collection, experience learning in disaster, institutional reform and strategy of sustainable tourism development and poster-disaster destination marketing. The study further advances the existing disaster management framework through the enrichment of knowledge from tourism stakeholder perspective. Empirically, the research findings inform tourism development and sustainability strategy of Kumamoto area after a rarely occurred earthquake disaster. C1 [Chan, Chung-Shing] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog & Resource Management, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Nozu, Kazuo] Tokai Univ, Liberal Arts Educ Ctr, Kumamoto, Japan. [Cheung, Ting On Lewis] Educ Univ Hong Kong, Dept Social Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Chan, CS (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog & Resource Management, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 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Issues Tour. DI 10.1080/13683500.2019.1666809 EA SEP 2019 PG 22 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IZ0EA UT WOS:000486763100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, WJ Guo, HN Tsui, KL AF Chen, Wenjie Guo, Hainan Tsui, Kwok-Leung TI A new medical staff allocation via simulation optimisation for an emergency department in Hong Kong SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE healthcare management; medical resource allocation; discrete optimisation via simulation; stochastic constraint; simulated annealing ID DISCRETE OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS; NETWORK; TIMES AB Whether triage targets can be achieved has been an imperative assessment of service qualities for an emergency department in healthcare management. In this research, we focus on triage targets and try to fully meet the target of fast emergency response for critical patients subject to triage requirements for other category patients by optimising the medical staff allocation in the emergency department. Main challenges stem from multiple stochastic constraints and the time-consuming simulation. To solve the stochastically constrained discrete optimisation via simulation problem, we develop a discrete-event simulation model and propose a simulated-annealing-based algorithm called ConSA that adopts a special searching mechanism and an efficient simulation budget allocation rule to find a high-quality configuration of medical staff. A case study based on the data from a public hospital in Hong Kong is carried out. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our algorithm leads to a 38.28% improvement in the main performance compared to the current staff allocation and dominates other algorithms in terms of computational efficiency and output accuracy. It indicates that our method is a good decision tool for hospital managers. C1 [Chen, Wenjie] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Syst Engn & Engn Management, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Guo, Hainan] Shenzhen Univ, Res Inst Business Analyt & Supply Chain Managemen, Coll Management, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Tsui, Kwok-Leung] City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Data Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Guo, HN (reprint author), Shenzhen Univ, Res Inst Business Analyt & Supply Chain Managemen, Coll Management, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. EM hainaguo-c@my.cityu.edu.hk FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)National Natural Science Foundation of China [71701132]; Research Grants Council (RGC) Theme-Based Research Scheme [T32-102/14-N] FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [grant number 71701132] and Research Grants Council (RGC) Theme-Based Research Scheme [grant number T32-102/14-N]. 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TI Rationale and methods for a cross-sectional study of mental health and wellbeing following river flooding in rural Australia, using a community-academic partnership approach SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Floods; Disaster management; Mental health; Vulnerable populations; Climate change ID NATURAL DISASTERS; IMPACTS; RISK; VULNERABILITY; ANXIETY; TRAUMA AB Background Climate change is associated with greater frequency, duration, intensity and unpredictability of certain weather-related events, including floods. Floods harm mental health. There is limited understanding of the mental health and well-being effects from river flooding, particularly over the longer term and in rural contexts. This paper describes the rationale, aims, objectives, study design and socio-demographic characteristics of the sample for a study measuring associations between flood experience and mental health and wellbeing of residents (particularly those most likely to be negatively impacted and hard to reach) in rural NSW Australia 6 months following a devastating flood in 2017. To our knowledge, the study is the first of its kind within Australia in a rural community and is an important initiative given the likelihood of an increasing frequency of severe flooding in Australia given climate change. Methods A conceptual framework (The Flood Impact Framework) drawing on social ecological approaches was developed by the research team. It was based on the literature and feedback from the community. The Framework describes putative relationships between flood exposure and mental health and wellbeing outcomes. Within a community-academic partnership approach, a cross-sectional survey was then undertaken to quantify and further explore these relationships. Results The cross-sectional survey was conducted online (including on mobile phone) and on paper between September and November 2017 and recruited 2530 respondents. Of those, 2180 provided complete demographic data, among whom 69% were women, 91% were aged 25-74, 4% identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, 9% were farmers and 33% were business owners. Conclusions The study recruited a wide range of respondents and the partnership facilitated the community's engagement with the design and implementation of the study. The study will provide a basis for a follow-up study, that will aim to improve the understanding of mental health and wellbeing effects over the longer term. It will provide an important and original contribution to understanding river flooding and mental health in rural Australia, a topic that will grow in importance in the context of human-induced climate change, and identify critical opportunities to strengthen services, emergency planning and resilience to future flooding. C1 [Longman, J. M.; Bennett-Levy, J.; Matthews, V; Passey, M. E.; Rolfe, M.; Morgan, G. G.; Braddon, M.; Bailie, R.] Univ Sydney, Univ Ctr Rural Hlth, 61 Uralba St, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia. [Berry, H. L.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Sch Publ Hlth, Edward Ford Bldg, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Longman, JM (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Univ Ctr Rural Hlth, 61 Uralba St, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia. EM Jo.longman@sydney.edu.au RI Bailie, Ross/K-8141-2013 OI Bailie, Ross/0000-0001-5966-3368; Longman, Jo/0000-0002-8257-7772 FU University of SydneyUniversity of Sydney; NSW Office of Environment Heritage; Western Sydney University; University of Wollongong; Northern NSW Local Health District FX The research was funded by The University of Sydney, Western Sydney University, University of Wollongong, Northern NSW Local Health District and the NSW Office of Environment & Heritage. Funders played no direct role in designing the study, writing the manuscript or submitting it for publication. 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Methods: In a prospective pilot study, we sought to determine whether UAV surveillance could identify swimmers showing signs of distress quicker than conventional methods (i.e., lifeguards on the ground and on watercraft). In addition, we investigated the feasibility of using UAVs for medical surveillance at a triathlon event in terms of operations, costs, safety, legal parameters, and added value. Prior to the race, we screened participants for medical conditions that could elevate their risk of injury during the swim portion of the triathlon. Athletes deemed to be at increased risk were given a yellow swimming cap to enhance their surveillance by trained observers watching a live video feed from the UAVs. Results: On race day, a total of 3 UAVs (2 mobile, 1 tethered) were launched over Lake Tremblant and provided 3 observers with live video of the swimmers. Of the 2,473 race participants, there were 25 athletes with pre-identified medical conditions who wore a yellow cap during the swim. We did not detect any signs of distress among swimmers wearing yellow caps. Among the remaining 2,448 athletes, there were 5 swimmers who demonstrated signs of distress and required mobilization of water rescue boats; UAV surveillance identified 1 of these 5 distress events before it was seen by lifeguards on rescue boats. None of the athletes in the IRONMAN suffered an adverse event while swimming. Several technical and safety issues related to UAV surveillance arose including poor visibility, equipment loss, and flight autonomy. Conclusion: While our preliminary findings suggest that using UAVs to identify distressed swimmers during an IRONMAN race is feasible and safe, more research is necessary to determine how to optimize UAV surveillance at mass sporting events and integrate this technology within the existing emergency response teams. C1 [Homier, Valerie; de Champlain, Francois] McGill Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Nolan, Michael] Cty Renfrew Paramed Serv, Pembroke, ON, Canada. [Fleet, Richard] Univ Laval, Chaire Rech Med Urgence, CISSS Chaudiere Appalaches, Levis, PQ, Canada. RP Fleet, R (reprint author), Chaire Rech Med Urgence, 143 Rue Wolfe, Levis, PQ G6V 3Z1, Canada. EM Richard.Fleet@fmed.ulaval.ca FU Chaire de recherche en medecine d'urgence; InDro Robotics; County of Renfrew Paramedic Service; Groupe Conseil Promutech FX This work was supported by the Chaire de recherche en medecine d'urgence, InDro Robotics, County of Renfrew Paramedic Service, and Groupe Conseil Promutech. 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Emerg. Care DI 10.1080/10903127.2019.1657211 EA SEP 2019 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IX0ZS UT WOS:000485422400001 PM 31429611 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Karki, TK AF Karki, Tej Kumar TI What did the 2015 earthquake tell us about what the state of earthquake resilience in Kathmandu metropolitan city was? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESILIENCE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Governance; Built environment; Building failure; Building code governance; Collaborative earthquake resilience; Earthquake resilience ID DISASTER MANAGEMENT; LESSONS; NEPAL; STAKEHOLDERS; FRAMEWORK; RISK AB Purpose This paper asks what was the state of building-code enforcement and citizen - government collaboration in disaster preparedness when an earthquake hit Kathmandu metropolitan city (KMC) in 2015? It reviewed government documents, analyzed media reports, interviewed building-code monitoring officers and carried out a detailed case study of the earthquake-damaged Park View Horizon Housing Apartment (PVHA) Complex. The research found several earthquake-resilience issues. They were enforcement-vulnerability (Building bylaws, planning permit and building code); institutional-coordination vulnerability; Apartment-regulation vulnerability; technological vulnerability; and citizen-government-collaboration vulnerability. Design/methodology/approach The study area of this research is KMC, and this research is based on content analysis, field observation and interview. It has reviewed all the newspapers and media reports that had covered earthquake issues during and after the 2015 disaster, as well as the articles published in Nepal, South Asia, the USA, New Zealand and Haiti. The literature on Nepal's building code, seismic history and institutional arrangements for governing earthquake-related issues were reviewed. After field observation of some of the damaged apartments, a detailed case study of PVHA Complex was carried out. Findings The research found several earthquake-resilience issues. They were enforcement-vulnerability (Building bylaws, planning permit and building code); institutional-coordination vulnerability; Apartment-regulation vulnerability; technological vulnerability; and citizen-government-collaboration vulnerability Research limitations/implications - A limitation of this study was its heavy reliance on content analysis, one case study and a few interviews and discussions with affected residents, local governments and developers. Practical implications - This study would help enhance disaster governance in developing nations. Social implications - The citizen-government collaborative approach to earthquake resilience would enhance human resilience to disaster at individual and community levels. Originality/value Since this is the first research carried out on the state of building code and institutional resilience at the time of the 2015 earthquake in Nepal, it is original and provides policy insights for earthquake resilience in Nepal. C1 [Karki, Tej Kumar] Lovely Profess Univ, Sch Architecture Design & Planning, Phagwara, India. RP Karki, TK (reprint author), Lovely Profess Univ, Sch Architecture Design & Planning, Phagwara, India. 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PD SEP 6 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 2-3 BP 188 EP 202 DI 10.1108/IJDRBE-12-2018-0052 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IW4TK UT WOS:000484972400007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mahanta, R Yamane, Y AF Mahanta, Rahul Yamane, Yusuke TI Climatology of local severe convective storms in Assam, India SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Assam; convective available potential energy (CAPE); frequency distribution; hailstorms; lightning; local severe convective storms (LSCS); South Asia ID LIGHTNING ACTIVITY; THUNDERSTORM; TORNADOES; HAILSTORMS; FREQUENCY; EVENTS AB In Assam, local severe convective storms (LSCS) are recognized as exceptionally powerful and destructive meteorological events resulting in both death and loss of property, as well as livelihood. A valuable aid to assessing and managing LSCS lies in a reliable database of historical severe storms. In this paper, we investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of LSCS in the state of Assam lying in the North Eastern Province of India and provide a climatology of LSCS for the state, with respect to: distribution, storm types, frequency, seasonality, and time of occurrence. This was accomplished by developing a LSCS database through a systematic scanning of newspapers and other available sources. This historical database on LSC S dating from 1962 to 2016 was used to identify the areas where the threat and risks from these storms is maximum. Our findings show that LSCS occur throughout the state of Assam, but there are unique geographical areas where the propensity for the occurrence severe to intense local convective storm is much higher. From the monthly distribution of LSCS events, as have been found by previous researchers, the most active month is April. The monthly distributions of hail follow similar pattern as the total number of LSCS events, however, seasonality of lightning differ from other LSCS categories. The probability of LSCS is not uniform throughout the day and tend to reach their most vigorous development during the latter part of the evening and night hours. The observed seasonal pattern of LSCS day's distribution corresponds with the time of the year when convective heating of the lower atmosphere is at its highest in the region, thereby increasing instability of the atmosphere. In addition, climatological mean wind at upper level (200 hPa) show influence of subtropical westerlies and at 925 hPa indicate possible low-level moisture transport for the peak LSCS months. Therefore, high storm frequencies are to be anticipated. Although November, December and January show the lowest frequency during the entire year, it is still surprisingly high considering that convectional heating and instability of the atmosphere has decreased substantially by then. The results from this study could be applied to produce a hazard map of LSCS for the state of Assam. Such a hazard map will benefit numerous stakeholders, in particular, to direct disaster management authority in terms of interventions for LSCS risk in the state of Assam. C1 [Mahanta, Rahul] Cotton Univ, Interdisciplinary Climate Res Ctr, Gauhati 781001, India. [Yamane, Yusuke] Tokoha Univ, Fac Educ, Shizuoka, Japan. RP Mahanta, R (reprint author), Cotton Univ, Interdisciplinary Climate Res Ctr, Gauhati 781001, India. 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TI The Value of Near Real-Time Earth Observations for Improved Flood Disaster Response SO FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE value of Information; near real-time; emergency response; applied Earth observations; socioeconomic ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; RIVER-BASIN; IMPACT; SYSTEMS; HAZARD AB Information is a critical resource in disaster response scenarios. Data regarding the geographic extent, severity, and socioeconomic impacts of a disaster event can help guide emergency responders and relief operations, particularly when delivered within hours of data acquisition. Information from remote observations provides a valuable tool for assessing conditions "on the ground" more quickly and efficiently. Here, we evaluate the social value of a near real-time flood impact system using a disaster response case study, and quantify the Value of Information (VOI) of satellite-based observations for rapid response using a hypothetical flooding disaster in Bangkok, Thailand. MODIS imagery from NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE) system is used to produce operational estimates of inundation depths and economic damages. These rapid Earth observations are coupled with a decision-analytical model to inform decisions on emergency vehicle routing. Emergency response times from vehicles routed using flood damage data are compared with baseline routes without the benefit of advance information on road conditions. Our results illustrate how the application of near real-time Earth observations can improve the response time and reduce potential encounters with flood hazards when compared with baseline routing strategies. 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Environ. Sci. PD SEP 3 PY 2019 VL 7 AR 127 DI 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00127 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IU2OL UT WOS:000483419600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kawsar, LA Ghani, NA Kamil, AA Mustafa, A AF Kawsar, Luthful Alahi Ghani, Noraida Abdul Kamil, Anton Abdulbasah Mustafa, Adli TI Optimization based controlled evacuation SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Active Pedestrian Evacuation Network (APEN); controlled flow; emergency evacuation; linear programming; multi-exit network ID PERFORMANCE-MEASURES; NETWORK; MODEL AB Using the conservation of mass concept, a novel controlled flow methodology based on a linear programing problem is developed for computing the optimal flow rates for a multi-exit evacuation network. In an emergency situation, the controlled flow design is able to track the values of the walkway density, the number of occupants in nodes and thus assures that the flow from adjacent sources to the source walkways is at their maximum level. Using the DTSP hall room of Universiti Sains Malaysia as a multi-exit network, a simulation of the flow shows that the source walkways are blocked when there is an uncontrolled flow. Hence, very few occupants can make their way into the intermediate walkways and exits. For the controlled flow, the values of occupant density in the source and intermediate walkways gradually approach the critical density, ensuring a maximum flow. The developed methodology is useful for the architects and disaster management authorities who are concerned with the evacuation of building facilities and can be used as a paradigm for future studies. C1 [Kawsar, Luthful Alahi] Shahjalal Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Phys Sci, Dept Stat, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh. 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PD SEP 3 PY 2019 VL 23 IS 5 BP 477 EP 498 DI 10.1080/15472450.2018.1562348 PG 22 WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Transportation GA IS0BQ UT WOS:000481812100005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Feloni, E Mousadis, I Baltas, E AF Feloni, Elissavet Mousadis, Ioannis Baltas, Evangelos TI Flood vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach-The case of Attica region SO JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE flood vulnerability mapping; flood-prone areas; fuzzy; GIS; k-means; multi-criteria analysis; ungauged catchments ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS; WEIGHTS-OF-EVIDENCE; STATISTICAL-MODELS; FREQUENCY RATIO; BIVARIATE; EVENTS; SYSTEM; AREA; AHP AB The identification of flood-prone areas is a fundamental component of rational urban planning and proper natural disaster management policy. The aim of the present study is to introduce a framework for the identification of flood-prone areas using geographical information systems techniques and decision-making, based on a comparative evaluation for various scenarios. As a case study, the Attica region in Greece is selected, which is occasionally affected by heavy rainfall, the main cause of flooding in the region, coupled with the fact that human activities and urbanization of recent years play a significant role in flood occurrence. In this context, the development and application of a GIS-based multi-criteria analysis method for the determination of areas susceptible to flood events is initially presented. The entire spatial analysis is performed using SAGA 6.3.0 and ArcMap 10.2 Desktop, by applying a number of alternative modifications and, finally, by evaluating different scenarios regarding methods for the criteria standardization, criteria hierarchy and factors' weighting estimation. 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AR UNSP e12563 DI 10.1111/jfr3.12563 EA SEP 2019 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA IW2VI UT WOS:000484839000001 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cumbane, SP Gidofalvi, G AF Cumbane, Silvino Pedro Gidofalvi, Gyozo TI Review of Big Data and Processing Frameworks for Disaster Response Applications SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Review DE big data; processing frameworks; disaster response ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; INFORMATION; INTERNET AB Natural hazards result in devastating losses in human life, environmental assets and personal, and regional and national economies. The availability of different big data such as satellite imageries, Global Positioning System (GPS) traces, mobile Call Detail Records (CDRs), social media posts, etc., in conjunction with advances in data analytic techniques (e.g., data mining and big data processing, machine learning and deep learning) can facilitate the extraction of geospatial information that is critical for rapid and effective disaster response. However, disaster response systems development usually requires the integration of data from different sources (streaming data sources and data sources at rest) with different characteristics and types, which consequently have different processing needs. Deciding which processing framework to use for a specific big data to perform a given task is usually a challenge for researchers from the disaster management field. Therefore, this paper contributes in four aspects. Firstly, potential big data sources are described and characterized. Secondly, the big data processing frameworks are characterized and grouped based on the sources of data they handle. Then, a short description of each big data processing framework is provided and a comparison of processing frameworks in each group is carried out considering the main aspects such as computing cluster architecture, data flow, data processing model, fault-tolerance, scalability, latency, back-pressure mechanism, programming languages, and support for machine learning libraries, which are related to specific processing needs. Finally, a link between big data and processing frameworks is established, based on the processing provisioning for essential tasks in the response phase of disaster management. C1 [Cumbane, Silvino Pedro; Gidofalvi, Gyozo] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Div Geoinformat, Dept Urban Planning & Environm, Teknikringen 10A, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 8 IS 9 AR 387 DI 10.3390/ijgi8090387 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA JB8NB UT WOS:000488826400047 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lu, XZ Cheng, QL Xu, Z Xu, YJ Sun, CJ AF Lu, Xinzheng Cheng, Qingle Xu, Zhen Xu, Yongjia Sun, Chujin TI Real-Time City-Scale Time-History Analysis and Its Application in Resilience-Oriented Earthquake Emergency Responses SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE city-scale nonlinear time-history analysis; real-time city-scale time-history analysis; resilience-oriented earthquake emergency response; multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) model; ground motion records ID SEISMIC DAMAGE PREDICTION; BUILDINGS; SIMULATION AB The resilience of cities has received worldwide attention. An accurate and rapid assessment of seismic damage, economic loss, and post-event repair time can provide an important reference for emergency rescue and post-earthquake recovery. Based on city-scale nonlinear time-history analysis (THA) and regional seismic loss prediction, a real-time city-scale time-history analysis method is proposed in this work. In this method, the actual ground motion records obtained from seismic stations are input into the building models of the earthquake-stricken area, and the nonlinear time-history analysis of these models is subsequently performed using a high-performance computing platform. The seismic damage to the buildings in the target region subjected to this earthquake is evaluated according to the analysis results. The economic loss and repair time of the earthquake-stricken areas are calculated using the engineering demand parameters obtained from the time-history analysis. A program named, "Real-time Earthquake Damage Assessment using City-scale Time-history analysis" ("RED-ACT" for short) was developed to automatically implement the above workflow. The method proposed in this work has been applied in many earthquake events, and provides a useful reference for scientific decision making for earthquake disaster relief, which is of great significance to enhancing the resilience of earthquake-stricken areas. C1 [Lu, Xinzheng] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Key Lab Civil Engn Safety & Durabil, China Educ Minist, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Qingle; Xu, Yongjia; Sun, Chujin] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing Engn Res Ctr Steel & Concrete Composite S, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zhen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Lu, XZ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Key Lab Civil Engn Safety & Durabil, China Educ Minist, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM luxz@tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Key RD Program [2018YFC1504401] FX The authors are grateful for the financial support received from the National Key R&D Program (number 2018YFC1504401). 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Sci.-Basel PD SEP 1 PY 2019 VL 9 IS 17 AR 3497 DI 10.3390/app9173497 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA JB5LE UT WOS:000488603600059 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Oliveira, ACM Botega, LC Saran, JF Silva, JN Melo, JOSF Tavares, MFD Neris, VPA AF Oliveira, Allan C. M. Botega, Leonardo C. Saran, Jordan F. Silva, Jordana N. Melo, Jessica O. S. F. Tavares, Maria F. D. Neris, Vania P. A. TI Crowdsourcing, data and information fusion and situation awareness for emergency Management of forest fires: The project DF100Fogo (FDWithoutFire) SO COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Situation awareness; Emergency management; Crowdsourcing; Data fusion; Information fusion; User interface; Forest fire AB Forest fires are a constant problem in many regions, one being the Cerrado Biome in Brazilian Federal District. This type of incident is largely originated by non-natural causes, and their control depends on the response capacity of local brigades and on daily practices of surrounding populations. Therefore, the goal of this project is to propose mechanisms to support local communities, brigades and firefighters, delivered through the FDWithoutFire system. The system has as core the crowdsourcing of information from the community, which participates in producing voluntary information to generate alert reports to enhance monitoring services of fire situations in protected areas. Then, local brigades and firefighters need to develop their own Situation Awareness, which is an understanding of the events, to have a more assertive decision-making and ensure a better allocation of resources for emergency response. To support them, FDWithoutFire uses a process of Data and Information Fusion, based on the Quantify fusion model, integrating data from multiple sources to produce more significant information, aiming to stimulate the SAW of the users. This paper describes the technological routines of FDWithoutFire, demonstrating the applicability of the work by showing how it treats a fire occurrence. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Oliveira, Allan C. M.; Botega, Leonardo C.; Saran, Jordan F.; Silva, Jordana N.; Melo, Jessica O. S. F.] Univ Ctr Euripides Marilia, Human Comp Interact Grp, Marilia, SP, Brazil. [Tavares, Maria F. D.] Brazilian Inst Informat Sci & Technol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Neris, Vania P. A.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Comp, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Oliveira, ACM (reprint author), Av Hygino Muzzi Filho 529, BR-17525901 Marilia, SP, Brazil. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 77 AR UNSP 101172 DI 10.1016/j.compenwrbsys.2017.08.006 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science; Regional & Urban Planning SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science; Public Administration GA JB6EN UT WOS:000488657500030 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU de la Fuente, A Meruane, V Meruane, C AF de la Fuente, Alberto Meruane, Viviana Meruane, Carolina TI Hydrological Early Warning System Based on a Deep Learning Runoff Model Coupled with a Meteorological Forecast SO WATER LA English DT Article DE deep learning; weather-runoff forecasting model; hydrological extremes; water adaptation systems ID NETWORK; PROJECTIONS; LSTM AB The intensification of the hydrological cycle because of global warming raises concerns about future floods and their impact on large cities where exposure to these events has also increased. The development of adequate adaptation solutions such as early warning systems is crucial. Here, we used deep learning (DL) for weather-runoff forecasting in region Metropolitana of Chile, a large urban area in a valley at the foot of the Andes Mountains, with more than 7 million inhabitants. The final goal of this research is to develop an effective forecasting system to provide timely information and support in real-time decision making. For this purpose, we implemented a coupled model of a near-future global meteorological forecast with a short-range runoff forecasting system. Starting from a traditional hydrological conceptual model, we defined the hydro-meteorological and geomorphological variables that were used in the data-driven weather-runoff forecast models. The meteorological variables were obtained through statistical scaling of the Global Forecast System (GFS), thus enabling near-future prediction, and two data-driven approaches were implemented for predicting the entire hourly flow time-series in the near future (3 days), a simple Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and a Deep Learning (DL) approach based on Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) cells. We show that the coupling between meteorological forecasts and data-driven weather-runoff forecast models are able to satisfy two basic requirements that any early warning system should have: The forecast should be given in advance, and it should be accurate and reliable. In this context, DL significantly improves runoff forecast when compared with a traditional data-driven approach such as ANN, being accurate in predicting time-evolution of output variables, with an error of 5% for DL, measured in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) for predicting the peak flow, compared to 15.5% error for ANN, which is adequate to warn communities at risk and initiate disaster response operations. C1 [de la Fuente, Alberto; Meruane, Carolina] Univ Chile, Dept Ingn Civil, Santiago 8370448, Chile. [Meruane, Viviana] Univ Chile, Dept Ingn Mecan, Santiago 8370448, Chile. [Meruane, Carolina] Modelac Ambiental SpA, Santiago 7500015, Chile. RP de la Fuente, A (reprint author), Univ Chile, Dept Ingn Civil, Santiago 8370448, Chile. EM aldelafu@ing.uchile.cl RI de la Fuente, Alberto/G-7018-2016 OI de la Fuente, Alberto/0000-0001-5415-9816 FU Corfo [16CHM-72038, 18ITE2-100834]; FondecytComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT FONDECYT [1181222] FX This article was financed by projects number 16CHM-72038 and 18ITE2-100834 of Corfo, and the Fondecyt project number 1181222. Data used in this manuscript can be downloaded from:; - Online flow measurements: http://dgasatel.mop.cl/; - GFS-NCEP meteorological analysis and forecast: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/model-data/model-datasets/global-f orcast-system-gfs; - NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) version 3.0: https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov CR Abrahart RJ, 2012, PROG PHYS GEOG, V36, P480, DOI 10.1177/0309133312444943 Alfieri L, 2017, EARTHS FUTURE, V5, P171, DOI 10.1002/2016EF000485 Ay M., 2018, Natural and Engineering Sciences, V3, P187, DOI 10.28978/nesciences.424674 Bai Y, 2016, J HYDROL, V532, P193, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.11.011 Brenning A, 2005, PERMAFROST PERIGLAC, V16, P231, DOI 10.1002/ppp.528 Chang TK, 2019, WATER-SUI, V11, DOI 10.3390/w11010052 Chang TK, 2018, J HYDROL, V564, P1179, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.07.074 Chen L, 2014, J HYDROL ENG, V19, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000932 Chow V.T., 1988, APPL HYDROLOGY Coumou D, 2012, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V2, P491, DOI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1452 de la Fuente A, 2017, WATER RESOUR RES, V53, P7696, DOI 10.1002/2017WR020515 Degre A., 2013, APPL HYDROLOGY DeWalle D.R., 2008, PRINCIPLES SNOW HYDR Elshorbagy A, 2010, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V14, P1931, DOI 10.5194/hess-14-1931-2010 Fang K, 2017, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V44, P11030, DOI 10.1002/2017GL075619 Field Christopher B., 2012, MANAGING RISKS EXTRE Firat M, 2008, HYDROL PROCESS, V22, P2122, DOI 10.1002/hyp.6812 Fischer EM, 2013, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V3, P1033, DOI [10.1038/nclimate2051, 10.1038/NCLIMATE2051] Ganguly AR, 2014, NONLINEAR PROC GEOPH, V21, P777, DOI 10.5194/npg-21-777-2014 Gers FA, 2002, PERSP NEURAL COMP, P193 Graves A., 2008, ADV NEURAL INFORM PR, P577 Graves A., 2009, ADV NEURAL INFORM PR, P545 Graves A, 2013, INT CONF ACOUST SPEE, P6645, DOI 10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6638947 Greff K, 2017, IEEE T NEUR NET LEAR, V28, P2222, DOI 10.1109/TNNLS.2016.2582924 Hassoun M.H., 1995, FUNDAMENTALS ARTIFIC Hochreiter S, 1997, NEURAL COMPUT, V9, P1735, DOI 10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735 HSU KL, 1995, WATER RESOUR RES, V31, P2517, DOI 10.1029/95WR01955 Hu CH, 2018, WATER-SUI, V10, DOI 10.3390/w10111543 Kasiviswanathan KS, 2016, MODEL EARTH SYST ENV, V2, DOI 10.1007/s40808-016-0079-9 Kasiviswanathan KS, 2017, STOCH ENV RES RISK A, V31, P1659, DOI 10.1007/s00477-016-1369-5 Kratzert F, 2018, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V22, P6005, DOI 10.5194/hess-22-6005-2018 LeCun Y, 2015, NATURE, V521, P436, DOI 10.1038/nature14539 Mayer H, 2008, ADV ROBOTICS, V22, P1521, DOI 10.1163/156855308X360604 Miao QH, 2019, WATER-SUI, V11, DOI 10.3390/w11050977 Nayak PC, 2004, J HYDROL, V291, P52, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.010 RUTLLANT J, 1991, INT J CLIMATOL, V11, P63 Schmidhuber J, 2015, NEURAL NETWORKS, V61, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2014.09.003 Shen CP, 2018, WATER RESOUR RES, V54, P8558, DOI 10.1029/2018WR022643 Shen CP, 2018, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V22, P5639, DOI 10.5194/hess-22-5639-2018 Srinivasulu S, 2008, WTR SCI TEC LIBR, V68, P59 TIAN Y, 2018, WATER-SUI, V10, DOI DOI 10.3390/w10111655 Toth E, 2008, WTR SCI TEC LIBR, V68, P113 United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, 2015, GLOB ASS REP DIS RIS, P2015 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND EI 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD SEP PY 2019 VL 11 IS 9 AR 1808 DI 10.3390/w11091808 PG 22 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA JB8PJ UT WOS:000488834400071 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mihu-Pintilie, A Cimpianu, CI Stoleriu, CC Perez, MN Paveluc, LE AF Mihu-Pintilie, Alin Cimpianu, Catalin Ioan Stoleriu, Cristian Constantin Nunez Perez, Martin Paveluc, Larisa Elena TI Using High-Density LiDAR Data and 2D Streamflow Hydraulic Modeling to Improve Urban Flood Hazard Maps: A HEC-RAS Multi-Scenario Approach SO WATER LA English DT Article DE Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR); HEC-RAS; 2D modeling; flood hazard; urban and peri-urban area ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATURAL DISASTERS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; BISTRITA RIVER; 1D; EXTRACTION; GENERATION; ROMANIA; SCALE; BASIN AB The ability to extract streamflow hydraulic settings using geoinformatic techniques, especially in high populated territories like urban and peri-urban areas, is an important aspect of any disaster management plan and flood mitigation effort. 1D and 2D hydraulic models, generated based on DEMs with high accuracy (e.g., Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)) and processed in geographic information systems (GIS) modeling software (e.g., HEC-RAS), can improve urban flood hazard maps. In this study, we present a small-scale conceptual approach using HEC-RAS multi-scenario methodology based on remote sensing (RS), LiDAR data, and 2D hydraulic modeling for the urban and peri-urban area of Bacu City (Bistria River, NE Romania). In order to test the flood mitigation capacity of Bacu 1 reservoir (rB1) and Bacu 2 reservoir (rB2), four 2D streamflow hydraulic scenarios (s1-s4) based on average discharge and calculated discharge (s1-s4) data for rB1 spillway gate (Sw1) and for its hydro-power plant (H-pp) were computed. Compared with the large-scale flood hazard data provided by regional authorities, the 2D HEC-RAS multi-scenario provided a more realistic perspective about the possible flood threats in the study area and has shown to be a valuable asset in the improvement process of the official flood hazard maps. C1 [Mihu-Pintilie, Alin] Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Iasi UAIC, Inst Interdisciplinary Res, Sci Res Dept, St Lascar Catargi 54, Iasi 700107, Romania. [Cimpianu, Catalin Ioan; Stoleriu, Cristian Constantin; Paveluc, Larisa Elena] Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Iasi UAIC, Fac Geog & Geol, Dept Geog, Bd Carol 20A, Iasi 700107, Romania. [Nunez Perez, Martin] EOI, Av Gregorio Amo 6, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Paveluc, Larisa Elena] Siret Water Basin Adm, Natl Adm Romanian Waters, St Cuza Voda 1, Bacau 600274, Romania. RP Mihu-Pintilie, A (reprint author), Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Iasi UAIC, Inst Interdisciplinary Res, Sci Res Dept, St Lascar Catargi 54, Iasi 700107, Romania. 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uncontrolled transformations within settlements result in flash flooding with overflowing drains leading to a greater inconvenience for the public and damage to private properties. Hence mapping of flash floods would be useful in identifying the high-risk flood zones for disaster response and urban services, during emergencies with rainfall events of high intensity. This article aims to prepare a flood hazard map of Warangal Municipal Corporation (WMC) in Telangana State, India. WMC is chronically affected due to a rise in water levels resulting in flash floods, with an increase in encroachments. The factors considered in this study are rainfall (curve number), surface slope and surface roughness, type of soil, and distance to main channel, drainage density, and land use cover. To decide the relative weight of the impact of each flood causative factors an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) was used. Accordingly, a composite Flood Hazard Index (FHI) has been derived by using the multiple-criteria decision-making tools by integrating these into a Geographical Information System (GIS). 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Socio-Econ. Stud. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 7 IS 3 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.2478/environ-2019-0013 PG 13 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JB0RL UT WOS:000488263900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Andrade, E Nogueira, B AF Andrade, Ermeson Nogueira, Bruno TI Performability Evaluation of a Cloud-Based Disaster Recovery Solution for IT Environments SO JOURNAL OF GRID COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Cloud computing; Disaster recovery; Performability; Stochastic petri nets ID PERFORMANCE AB An increasing number of organizations are relying on cloud-based Disaster Recovery (DR) solutions to ensure high availability of Information Technology (IT) environments. The flexibility of the cloud resources as well as their pay-as-you-go pricing model has enabled organizations to adopt cost-effective yet reliable DR services. Although cloud-based DR solutions have been used in many organizations, such DR solutions have not been properly assessed in terms of their capacity to meet user demand under disaster occurrences, and the possibility of using the DR cloud for performance improvements. In this work, we present a Stochastic Petri Net (SPN) approach for evaluating cloud-based DR solutions for IT environments. Our approach allows evaluating various performability metrics (e.g., response time, throughput, availability and others), and thus, can help DR coordinators to choose the most appropriate DR solution. A real-world case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the approach. We also validate the accuracy of our analytic approach by comparing analytic results with the ones obtained from the cloud simulator CloudSim Plus. C1 [Andrade, Ermeson; Nogueira, Bruno] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Andrade, E (reprint author), Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 17 IS 3 BP 603 EP 621 DI 10.1007/s10723-018-9446-2 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA IZ5LT UT WOS:000487125900010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lam, HCY Haines, A McGregor, G Chan, EYY Hajat, S AF Lam, Holly Ching Yu Haines, Andy McGregor, Glenn Chan, Emily Ying Yang Hajat, Shakoor TI Time-Series Study of Associations between Rates of People Affected by Disasters and the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Cycle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE El Nino Southern Oscillation; natural disasters; number of people affected; El Nino; La Nina; Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) ID RISK; VARIABILITY; RAINFALL; MONSOON; TRENDS; PERU; PDO AB The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major driver of climatic variability that can have far reaching consequences for public health globally. We explored whether global, regional and country-level rates of people affected by natural disasters (PAD) are linked to ENSO. Annual numbers of PAD between 1964-2017 recorded on the EM-DAT disaster database were combined with UN population data to create PAD rates. Time-series regression was used to assess de-trended associations between PAD and 2 ENSO indices: Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) and multivariate El Nino Index (MEI). Over 95% of PAD were caused by floods, droughts or storms, with over 75% of people affected by these three disasters residing in Asia. Globally, drought-related PAD rate increased sharply in El Nino years (versus neutral years). Flood events were the disaster type most strongly associated with El Nino regionally: in South Asia, flood-related PAD increased by 40.5% (95% CI 19.3% to 65.6%) for each boundary point increase in ONI (p = 0.002). India was found to be the country with the largest increase in flood-related PAD rates following an El Nino event, with the Philippines experiencing the largest increase following La Nina. Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI)-analyses showed consistent results. These findings can be used to inform disaster preparedness strategies. C1 [Lam, Holly Ching Yu; Chan, Emily Ying Yang] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Jockey Club Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Haines, Andy; Hajat, Shakoor] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Publ Hlth Environm & Soc, London WC1H 9SH, England. [Haines, Andy; Hajat, Shakoor] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Ctr Climate Change & Planetary Hlth, London WC1H 9SH, England. [McGregor, Glenn] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham DH1 3LE, England. 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Public Health PD SEP 1 PY 2019 VL 16 IS 17 AR 3146 DI 10.3390/ijerph16173146 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IZ4EQ UT WOS:000487037500141 PM 31466421 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Scarponi, GE Landucci, G Birk, AM Cozzani, V AF Scarponi, Giordano Emrys Landucci, Gabriele Birk, Albrecht Micheal Cozzani, Valerio TI An innovative three-dimensional approach for the simulation of pressure vessels exposed to fire SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE Pressurized vessels; Saturated liquids; Three-dimensional analysis; CFD modelling; Fire engulfment; Major accident hazard ID THERMAL RESPONSE; LPG; BLEVE; TANKS; FAILURE; STRATIFICATION; EXPLOSIONS; ENGULFMENT; MECHANISM; ENERGY AB The present study introduces an innovative approach to the detailed simulation of the pressure build-up in equipment containing saturated liquids when exposed to fire. The approach is based on the adoption of a fully three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the inner fluid, Experimental data gathered from literature studies were used to validate the model considering vessels of several scales and geometries exposed to a full engulfing pool fire. The comparison between the results of the 3D CFD model developed and those of two-dimensional (2D) literature models was also carried out. This enabled deriving precise indications on the selection of the most suitable approach based on the type of accidental scenario to reproduce, confirming 2D models as sound and reliable tools to model the fluid behaviour when homogeneous heat exposure conditions are present. On the other side, limitations of 2D approaches in capturing edge effects on i) temperature profiles, ii) recirculation patterns, and iii) energy accumulation in the vessel lading during fire exposure were identified and discussed. The results obtained represent a valuable source of information to support risk management and emergency response planning. C1 [Scarponi, Giordano Emrys; Cozzani, Valerio] Univ Bologna, Dept Civil Chem Environm & Mat Engn, LISES, Alma Mater Studiorum, Via Terracini 28, I-40131 Bologna, Italy. [Landucci, Gabriele] Univ Pisa, Dept Civil & Ind Engn, Largo Ludo Lazzarino 2, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Birk, Albrecht Micheal] Queens Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, McLaughlin Hall, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Cozzani, V (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Civil Chem Environm & Mat Engn, LISES, Alma Mater Studiorum, Via Terracini 28, I-40131 Bologna, Italy. 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Department of Transportation, 2013, 491006P US DEP TRANS Venart JES, 2000, INST CHEM E, P121 Weterings R., 2005, J HAZARD MATER, V34, P151 Yoon K. T., 2004, COMPUTATIONAL FLUID Yu CM, 1992, J THERM SCI, V1, P114 NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-4230 EI 1873-3352 J9 J LOSS PREVENT PROC JI J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 61 BP 160 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jlp.2019.06.008 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA IZ6BF UT WOS:000487166100017 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yu, J Zhao, QS Chin, CS AF Yu, Jiang Zhao, Qiansheng Chin, Cheng Siong TI Extracting Typhoon Disaster Information from VGI Based on Machine Learning SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE typhoon disaster; deep learning; VGI; text classification AB The southeastern coast of China suffers many typhoon disasters every year, causing huge casualties and economic losses. In addition, collecting statistics on typhoon disaster situations is hard work for the government. At the same time, near-real-time disaster-related information can be obtained on developed social media platforms like Twitter and Weibo. Many cases have proved that citizens are able to organize themselves promptly on the spot, and begin to share disaster information when a disaster strikes, producing massive VGI (volunteered geographic information) about the disaster situation, which could be valuable for disaster response if this VGI could be exploited efficiently and properly. However, this social media information has features such as large quantity, high noise, and unofficial modes of expression that make it difficult to obtain useful information. In order to solve this problem, we first designed a new classification system based on the characteristics of social medial data like Sina Weibo data, and made a microblogging dataset of typhoon damage with according category labels. Secondly, we used this social medial dataset to train the deep learning model, and constructed a typhoon disaster mining model based on a deep learning network, which could automatically extract information about the disaster situation. The model is different from the general classification system in that it automatically selected microblogs related to disasters from a large number of microblog data, and further subdivided them into different types of disasters to facilitate subsequent emergency response and loss estimation. The advantages of the model included a wide application range, high reliability, strong pertinence and fast speed. The research results of this thesis provide a new approach to typhoon disaster assessment in the southeastern coastal areas of China, and provide the necessary information for the authoritative information acquisition channel. C1 [Yu, Jiang; Zhao, Qiansheng] Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Chin, Cheng Siong] Newcastle Univ Singapore, Fac Sci Agr & Engn, Singapore 567739, Singapore. RP Zhao, QS (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM yujiang_sgg@whu.edu.cn; qshzhao@whu.edu.cn; cheng.chin@ncl.ac.uk FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC1405300] FX This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC1405300). 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Mar. Sci. Eng. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 7 IS 9 AR 318 DI 10.3390/jmse7090318 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA JA6WE UT WOS:000487981700041 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Braun, A Fakhri, F Hochschild, V AF Braun, Andreas Fakhri, Falah Hochschild, Volker TI Refugee Camp Monitoring and Environmental Change Assessment of Kutupalong, Bangladesh, Based on Radar Imagery of Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE synthetic aperture radar (SAR); deforestation; machine learning; humanitarian action; Sentinel-1; ALOS-2 ID RANDOM FOREST; TIME-SERIES; LAND-USE; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; HUMAN-RIGHTS; COVER; VEGETATION; IMPACT; CLASSIFICATION; TM AB Approximately one million refugees of the Rohingya minority population in Myanmar crossed the border to Bangladesh on 25 August 2017, seeking shelter from systematic oppression and persecution. This led to a dramatic expansion of the Kutupalong refugee camp within a couple of months and a decrease of vegetation in the surrounding forests. As many humanitarian organizations demand frameworks for camp monitoring and environmental impact analysis, this study suggests a workflow based on spaceborne radar imagery to measure the expansion of settlements and the decrease of forests. Eleven image pairs of Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2, as well as a digital elevation model, were used for a supervised land cover classification. These were trained on automatically-derived reference areas retrieved from multispectral images to reduce required user input and increase transferability. Results show an overall decrease of vegetation of 1500 hectares, of which 20% were used to expand the camp and 80% were deforested, which matches findings from other studies of this case. The time-series analysis reduced the impact of seasonal variations on the results, and accuracies between 88% and 95% were achieved. The most important input variables for the classification were vegetation indices based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter intensity, but topographic parameters also played a role. C1 [Braun, Andreas; Hochschild, Volker] Univ Tubingen, Inst Geog, Rumelinstr 19-23, D-72072 Tubingen, Germany. RP Braun, A (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Geog, Rumelinstr 19-23, D-72072 Tubingen, Germany. EM an.braun@uni-tuebingen.de RI Braun, Andreas/I-7468-2015 OI Braun, Andreas/0000-0001-8630-1389 FU Open Access Publishing Fund of University of Tubingen FX ALOS-2 data were provided by JAXA under proposal PI-3059002. Sentinel-1 data were provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) within the Copernicus program. The authors would like to thank Edward Cahill for the language editing of this article and both anonymous reviewers for their extensive comments and constructive suggestions. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publishing Fund of University of Tubingen. 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PD SEP 1 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 17 DI 10.3390/rs11172047 PG 34 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IZ1UU UT WOS:000486874300091 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hamdi, ZM Brandmeier, M Straub, C AF Hamdi, Zayd Mahmoud Brandmeier, Melanie Straub, Christoph TI Forest Damage Assessment Using Deep Learning on High Resolution Remote Sensing Data SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE forest damage assessment; windthrow; convolutional neural networks; GIS; remote sensing AB Storms can cause significant damage to forest areas, affecting biodiversity and infrastructure and leading to economic loss. Thus, rapid detection and mapping of windthrows are crucially important for forest management. Recent advances in computer vision have led to highly-accurate image classification algorithms such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. In this study, we tested and implemented an algorithm based on CNNs in an ArcGIS environment for automatic detection and mapping of damaged areas. The algorithm was trained and tested on a forest area in Bavaria, Germany. . It is a based on a modified U-Net architecture that was optimized for the pixelwise classification of multispectral aerial remote sensing data. The neural network was trained on labeled damaged areas from after-storm aerial orthophotos of a ca. 109km2 forest area with RGB and NIR bands and 0.2-m spatial resolution. Around 107 pixels of labeled data were used in the process. Once the network is trained, predictions on further datasets can be computed within seconds, depending on the size of the input raster and the computational power used. The overall accuracy on our test dataset was 92%. During visual validation, labeling errors were found in the reference data that somewhat biased the results because the algorithm in some instance performed better than the human labeling procedure, while missing areas affected by shadows. Our results are very good in terms of precision, and the methods introduced in this paper have several additional advantages compared to traditional methods: CNNs automatically detect high- and low-level features in the data, leading to high classification accuracies, while only one after-storm image is needed in comparison to two images for approaches based on change detection. Furthermore, flight parameters do not affect the results in the same way as for approaches that require DSMs and DTMs as the classification is only based on the image data themselves, and errors occurring in the computation of DSMs and DTMs do not affect the results with respect to the z component. The integration into the ArcGIS Platform allows a streamlined workflow for forest management, as the results can be accessed by mobile devices in the field to allow for high-accuracy ground-truthing and additional mapping that can be synchronized back into the database. Our results and the provided automatic workflow highlight the potential of deep learning on high-resolution imagery and GIS for fast and efficient post-disaster damage assessment as a first step of disaster management. C1 [Hamdi, Zayd Mahmoud; Brandmeier, Melanie] Esri Deutschland, Dept Sci & Educ, Ringstr 7, D-85402 Kranzberg, Germany. [Hamdi, Zayd Mahmoud] Tech Univ Munich, 21 Arcisstr, D-8033 Munich, Germany. [Straub, Christoph] Bavarian State Inst Forestry, Dept Informat Technol, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Pl 1, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. RP Brandmeier, M (reprint author), Esri Deutschland, Dept Sci & Educ, Ringstr 7, D-85402 Kranzberg, Germany. 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PD SEP 1 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 17 DI 10.3390/rs11171976 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IZ1UU UT WOS:000486874300020 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Velasquez, GA Mayorga, ME Cruz, EAR AF Velasquez, German A. Mayorga, Maria E. Cruz, Eduardo A. R. TI Prepositioning inventory for disasters: a robust and equitable model SO OR SPECTRUM LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian logistics; Heuristics; Robust optimization; Facility location; Inventory prepositioning; Equity ID FACILITY LOCATION; OR/MS RESEARCH; LOGISTICS; EMERGENCY; OPTIMIZATION; COORDINATION; SUPPLIES AB Disaster responses are usually joint efforts between agencies of different sizes and specialties. Improving disaster response can be achieved by prepositioning relief items in the appropriate amount and at the appropriate locations. In this paper, we develop a multi-agency prepositioning model under uncertainty. 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C1 [Velasquez, German A.; Mayorga, Maria E.] NC State Univ, Edward P Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cruz, Eduardo A. R.] Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Velasquez, GA (reprint author), NC State Univ, Edward P Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. 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Arevian, Armen C. Massimi, Michael Berry, Jasmine Riefberg, Leah Onyewuenyi, Nkechi Springgate, Benjamin TI Preparedness and Community Resilience in Disaster-Prone Areas: Cross-Sectoral Collaborations in South Louisiana, 2018 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS; CARE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; ENGAGEMENT; CLUSTER; SERVICES; TRIAL AB Objectives. To determine how community-based organizations (CBOs) define priorities for bolstering community resilience, challenges in addressing these priorities, and strategies to address challenges. Methods. The Community Resilience Learning Collaborative and Research Network (C-LEARN) is a multiphase study examining opportunities to improve community resilience to the threats of disaster and climate change in South Louisiana. Phase I of C-LEARN involved using the National Health Security Strategy and Implementation Plan for directed content analysis of key informant interviews with CBO representatives from 47 agencies within South Louisiana between February and May 2018. Results. CBO interviewees highlighted the importance of forging relationships and building trust through diverse cross-sector collaborations and partnerships before disasters. Such collaborations and partnerships were shown to tailor disaster response to the needs of particular communities and populations as well as address key challenges such as gaps in information, services, and resources. Conclusions. Our results encourage a culture of community resilience and community preparedness through partnerships and community-engaged strategies. C-LEARN will utilize the results of our interviews in the design of phase II of our agency-level coalition-building intervention. C1 [Pollock, Miranda Joy; Wennerstrom, Ashley; True, Gala; Everett, Ashley; Sugarman, Olivia; Sato, Jennifer; Berry, Jasmine; Riefberg, Leah; Onyewuenyi, Nkechi; Springgate, Benjamin] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr New Orleans, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Haywood, Catherine] Louisiana Community Hlth Outreach Network, New Orleans, LA USA. [Johnson, Arthur] Ctr Sustainable Engagement & Dev, New Orleans, LA USA. [Meyers, Diana] St Annas Episcopal Church, New Orleans, LA USA. [Wells, Kenneth B.; Arevian, Armen C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Res Ctr Hlth Serv & Soc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Massimi, Michael] Barataria Terrebonne Natl Estuary, Thibodaux, LA USA. RP Pollock, MJ (reprint author), 533 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM mpollo@lsuhsc.edu FU Gulf Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine [200008324] FX Research reported in this publication was supported by the Gulf Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine under the grant agreement 200008324. 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Community resilience, 2015, PUBL HLTH EM PUBL HL Wells KB, 2013, J GEN INTERN MED, V28, P1268, DOI 10.1007/s11606-013-2484-3 Wells KB, 2013, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V103, P1172, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301407 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2019 VL 109 SU 4 BP S309 EP S315 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2019.305152 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IY1IG UT WOS:000486145200019 PM 31505147 OA Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Labib, A Hadleigh-Dunn, S Mahfouz, A Gentile, M AF Labib, Ashraf Hadleigh-Dunn, Sara Mahfouz, Amr Gentile, Marco TI Operationalizing Learning from Rare Events: Framework for Middle Humanitarian Operations Managers SO PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE risk management; operations management; learning from disasters; middle managers; humanitarian operations management ID DISASTER MANAGEMENT; RISK MANAGEMENT; SUPPLY CHAINS; FAILURES; EXPERIENCE AB The purpose of this paper is to investigate the learning from rare events and the knowledge management process involved, which presents a significant challenge to many organizations. This is primarily attributed to the inability to interpret these events in a systematic and "rich" manner, which this paper seeks to address. We start by summarizing the relevant literature on humanitarian operations management (HOM), outlining the evolution of the socio-technical disaster lifecycle and its relationship with humanitarian operations, using a supply chain resilience theoretical lens. We then outline theories of organizational learning (and unlearning) from disasters and the impact on humanitarian operations. Subsequently, we theorize the role of middle managers in humanitarian operations, which is the main focus of our paper. The main methodology incorporates a hybrid of two techniques for root cause analysis, applied to two related case studies. The cases were specifically selected as, despite occurring twenty years apart, there are many similarities in the chain of causation and supporting factors, potentially suggesting that adequate learning from experience and failures is not occurring. This provides a novel learning experience within the HOM paradigm. Hence, the proposed approach is based on a multilevel structure that facilitates the operationalization of learning from rare events in humanitarian operations. The results show that we are able to provide an environment for multiple interpretations and effective learning, with emphasis on middle managers within a humanitarian operations and crisis/disaster management context. C1 [Labib, Ashraf; Hadleigh-Dunn, Sara; Gentile, Marco] Univ Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business Sch, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, Hants, England. [Mahfouz, Amr] Dublin Inst Technol, Dublin D08 X622 2, Ireland. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 28 IS 9 BP 2323 EP 2337 DI 10.1111/poms.13054 PG 15 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA IY2DO UT WOS:000486200800011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mortazavi, SM Nekoei-Moghadam, M Amiresmaili, M Jafari, H Bardstri, H Heidari, M AF Mortazavi, Seyed Mohsen Nekoei-Moghadam, Mahmoud Amiresmaili, Mohammadreza Jafari, Hamid Bardstri, Hosein Heidari, Mohammad TI Identifying the Challenges of Prehospital and Hospital Emergency Services During the Management of Alcohol Poisoning Disaster in the City of Rafsanjan SO ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE emergency; alcohol poisoning; mass casualty; disaster; Ems ID PREPAREDNESS; IRAN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RISK AB Objective: Methanol poisoning can lead to the loss of vision and even death. The role of the health care system in managing and responding to these types of incidents is significant. This study aimed to identify and discuss the challenges of prehospital and hospital emergency services responding to the widespread methanol poisoning in the city of Rafsanjan. Methods: This qualitative study was carried out using content analysis approach. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Participants included the matrons of health centers, head of accident and medical emergency center, director of the emergency operation center, ward manager and nursing staffs, and the representative of university's board of directors. After 15 interviews, data saturation was reached. Results: The findings of this study are based on 4 stages of disaster management cycle, which include: (1) mitigation in disaster with 2 subscales, (2) preparedness with 2 subscales, (3) response to disaster with 4 subscales, and (4) rehabilitation with 3 subscales. Conclusions: Interinstitutional coordination should be promoted through joint meetings, and also training classes on disaster management and its implementation should be held. Moreover, up-to-date clinical protocols must be accessible to personnel, and facilities and resources needed in the disaster should be provided. C1 [Mortazavi, Seyed Mohsen] Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Nursing Emergency Med Sci Dept, Kerman, Iran. [Nekoei-Moghadam, Mahmoud] Kerman Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Hlth Serv Management, Inst Futures Studies Hlth, Kerman, Iran. [Amiresmaili, Mohammadreza] Kerman Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Sch Hlth Management & Informat, Kerman, Iran. [Jafari, Hamid] Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Emergency Operating Ctr, Kerman, Iran. [Bardstri, Hosein] Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Heidari, Mohammad] Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Med & Surg, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Shahrekord, Iran. 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Disord. Treat. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 18 IS 3 BP 149 EP 156 DI 10.1097/ADT.0000000000000159 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA IX8NB UT WOS:000485943100004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wang, JH Lin, GF Chang, MJ Huang, IH Chen, YR AF Wang, Jhih-Huang Lin, Gwo-Fong Chang, Ming-Jui Huang, I-Hang Chen, Yu-Ren TI Real-Time Water-Level Forecasting Using Dilated Causal Convolutional Neural Networks SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Water-level forecasting; Dilated causal convolutional neural network; Artificial neural network; Support vector machine; Flood-warning system ID WAVELET ANALYSIS; MODEL; PREDICTION AB Accurate forecasts of hourly water levels during typhoons are crucial to disaster emergency response. To mitigate flood damage, the development of a water-level forecasting model has played an essential role. We propose a model based on a dilated causal convolutional neural network (DCCNN) that can yield water-level forecasts with lead times of 1- to 6-h. A DCCNN model can efficiently exploit a broad-range history. Residual and skip connections are also applied throughout the network to enable training of deeper networks and to accelerate convergence. To demonstrate the superiority of the proposed forecasting technique, we applied it to a dataset of 16 typhoon events that occurred during the years 2012-2017 in the Yilan River basin in Taiwan. In order to examine the efficiency of the improved methodology, we also compared the proposed model with two existing models that were based on the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and the support vector machine (SVM). The results indicate that a DCCNN-based model is superior to both the SVM and MLP models, especially for modeling peak water levels. Much of the performance improvement of the proposed model is due to its ability to provide water-level forecasts with a long lead time. The proposed model is expected to be particularly useful in support of disaster warning systems. 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Manag. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 33 IS 11 BP 3759 EP 3780 DI 10.1007/s11269-019-02342-4 PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA IW9MM UT WOS:000485317700006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Diaz, J Joseph, MB AF Diaz, Jeremy Joseph, Maxwell B. TI Predicting property damage from tornadoes with zero-inflated neural networks SO WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES LA English DT Article DE Tornadoes; Machine learning; Property damage; Artificial neural networks; Predictive modeling; Zero-inflated ID LAND-COVER DATABASE; UNITED-STATES; LOSSES; RADAR; US; VULNERABILITY; PROBABILITY; COMPLETION; FATALITIES; WARNINGS AB Tornadoes are the most violent of all atmospheric storms. In a typical year, the United States experiences hundreds of tornadoes with associated damages on the order of one billion dollars. Community preparation and resilience would benefit from accurate predictions of these economic losses, particularly as populations in tornado-prone areas increase in density and extent. Here, we use a zero-inflated modeling approach and artificial neural networks to predict tornado-induced property damage using publicly available data. We developed a neural network that predicts whether a tornado will cause property damage (out-of-sample accuracy = 0.821 and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUROC, = 0.872). Conditional on a tornado causing damage, another neural network predicts the amount of damage (out-of-sample mean squared error = 0.0918 and R-2 = 0.432). When used together, these two models function as a zero-inflated log-normal regression with hidden layers. From the best-performing models, we provide static and interactive gridded maps of monthly predicted probabilities of damage and property damages for the year 2019. Two primary weaknesses include (1) model fitting requires log-scale data which leads to large natural-scale residuals and (2) beginning tornado coordinates were utilized rather than tornado paths. Ultimately, this is the first known study to directly model tornado-induced property damages, and all data, code, and tools are publicly available. The predictive capacity of this model along with an interactive interface may provide an opportunity for science-informed tornado disaster planning. C1 [Diaz, Jeremy; Joseph, Maxwell B.] Univ Colorado, Earth Lab, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Diaz, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Earth Lab, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. 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Hajizadeh, Ebrahim TI Exploring the Contributory Factors of Confined Space Accidents Using Accident Investigation Reports and Semistructured Interviews SO SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK LA English DT Article DE Accidents; Confined space; Content analysis; HFACS; Semistructured interview ID WORK-RELATED INJURY; HUMAN ERROR; ORGANIZATIONAL-FACTORS; RISK PERCEPTIONS; SAFETY; HFACS; COMMUNICATION; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; CAUSATION AB Background: The oil and gas industry is one of the riskiest industries for confined space injuries. This study aimed to understand an overall picture of the causal factors of confined space accidents through analyzing accident reports and the use of a qualitative approach. Methods: Twenty-one fatal occupational accidents were analyzed according to the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System approach. Furthermore, thirty-three semistructured interviews were conducted with employees in different roles to capture their experiences regarding the contributory factors. The content analyses of the interview transcripts were conducted using MAXQDA software. Results: Based on accident reports, the largest proportions of causal factors (77%) were attributed to the organizational and supervisory levels, with the predominant influence of the organizational process. We identified 25 contributory factors in confined space accidents that were causal factors outside of the original Human Factors Analysis and Classification System framework. Therefore, modifications were made to deal with factors outside the organization and newly explored causal factors at the organizational level. External Influences as the fifth level considered contributory factors beyond the organization including Laws, Regulations and Standards, Government Policies, Political Influences, and Economic Status categories. Moreover, Contracting/Contract Management and Emergency Management were two extra categories identified at the organizational level. Conclusions: Preventing confined space accidents requires addressing issues from the organizational to operator level and external influences beyond the organization. The recommended modifications provide a basis for accident investigation and risk analysis, which may be applicable across a broad range of industries and accident types. (C) 2019 Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. C1 [Naghavi, Zahra K.; Mortazavi, Seyed B.; Asilian, Hassan M.] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Occupat Hlth Engn, Box 14117-12116,7 Jalal,Al Ahmad St, Tehran, Iran. [Hajizadeh, Ebrahim] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Biostat, Tehran, Iran. RP Mortazavi, SB (reprint author), Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Med Sci, Dept Occupat Hlth Engn, Box 14117-12116,7 Jalal,Al Ahmad St, Tehran, Iran. 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Health Work PD SEP PY 2019 VL 10 IS 3 BP 305 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.06.007 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IU2JE UT WOS:000483405300006 PM 31497326 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jaggi, A Weigelt, M Flechtner, F Guntner, A Mayer-Gurr, T Martinis, S Bruinsma, S Flury, J Bourgogne, S Steffen, H Meyer, U Jean, Y Susnik, A Grahsl, A Arnold, D Cann-Guthauser, K Dach, R Li, Z Chen, Q van Dam, T Gruber, C Poropat, L Gouweleeuw, B Kvas, A Klinger, B Lemoine, JM Biancale, R Zwenzner, H Bandikova, T Shabanloui, A AF Jaggi, Adrian Weigelt, M. Flechtner, F. Guentner, A. Mayer-Guerr, T. Martinis, S. Bruinsma, S. Flury, J. Bourgogne, S. Steffen, H. Meyer, U. Jean, Y. Susnik, A. Grahsl, A. Arnold, D. Cann-Guthauser, K. Dach, R. Li, Z. Chen, Q. van Dam, T. Gruber, C. Poropat, L. Gouweleeuw, B. Kvas, A. Klinger, B. Lemoine, J. -M. Biancale, R. Zwenzner, H. Bandikova, T. Shabanloui, A. TI European Gravity Service for Improved Emergency Management (EGSIEM)-from concept to implementation SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Hydrology; Global change from geodesy; Satellite gravity; Time variable gravity ID RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL; FIELD SOLUTIONS; MASS VARIABILITY; GRACE; MODEL; GPS; RELEASE; SCIENCE; TRENDS; OCEAN AB Earth observation satellites yield a wealth of data for scientific, operational and commercial exploitation. However, the redistribution of mass in the system Earth is not yet part of the standard inventory of Earth Observation (EO) data products to date. It is derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission and its Follow-On mission (GRACE-FO). Among many other applications, mass redistribution provides fundamental insights into the global water cycle. Changes in continental water storage impact the regional water budget and can, in extreme cases, result in floods and droughts that often claim a high toll on infrastructure, economy and human lives. The initiative for a European Gravity Service for Improved Emergency Management (EGSIEM) established three different prototype services to promote the unique value of mass redistribution products for Earth Observation in general and for early-warning systems in particular. The first prototype service is a scientific combination service to derive improved mass redistribution products from the combined knowledge of the European GRACE analysis centres. Second, the timeliness and reliability of such products is a primary concern for any early-warning system and therefore EGSIEM established a prototype for a near real-time service that provides dedicated gravity field information with a maximum latency of 5 d. Third, EGSIEM established a prototype of a hydrological/early warning service that derives wetness indices as indicators of hydrological extremes and assessed their potential for timely scheduling of high-resolution optical/radar satellites for follow-up observations in case of evolving hydrological extreme events. C1 [Jaggi, Adrian; Meyer, U.; Jean, Y.; Susnik, A.; Grahsl, A.; Arnold, D.; Cann-Guthauser, K.; Dach, R.] Univ Bern, Astron Inst, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Weigelt, M.; Flury, J.; Shabanloui, A.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Erdmessung, Schneiderberg 50, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Flechtner, F.] Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat Sci, Str 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Flechtner, F.; Guentner, A.; Gruber, C.; Poropat, L.; Gouweleeuw, B.] German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Mayer-Guerr, T.; Kvas, A.; Klinger, B.] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Geodesy, Steyrergasse 30-3, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Martinis, S.; Zwenzner, H.] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, Munchener Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. [Bruinsma, S.; Lemoine, J. -M.; Biancale, R.] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, Dept Terr & Planetary Geodesy, Ave E Belin 18, F-31401 Toulouse, France. [Bourgogne, S.] Stellar Space Studies, F-31071 Toulouse, France. [Steffen, H.] Lantmateriet, Geodetisk Infrastruktur, Lantmaterigatan 2c, S-80182 Gavle, Sweden. [Li, Z.; Chen, Q.; van Dam, T.] Univ Luxembourg, Geophys Lab, Rue Richard Coudenhove Kalergi, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Bandikova, T.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Passadena, CA 91109 USA. [Susnik, A.] Newcastle Univ, Geospatial Engn, G-15 Cassie Bldg, Newcastle NE1 7RU, England. RP Jaggi, A (reprint author), Univ Bern, Astron Inst, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM adrian.jaeggi@aiub.unibe.ch RI Guntner, Andreas/C-9892-2011; Steffen, Holger/B-7782-2008 OI Guntner, Andreas/0000-0001-6233-8478; Steffen, Holger/0000-0001-6682-6209; Kvas, Andreas/0000-0003-1199-7742 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [637010]; Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation FX This research was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the grant agreement No. 637010 and the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation. All views expressed are those of the authors and not of the Agency. Discharge station data are kindly provided by the Global Runoff Data Centre, 56068 Koblenz, Germany, and by the National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania. 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The reliability of transport infrastructures plays a key role since, in many cases, their inefficiency has caused serious damage to the anthropic system. Recently, advances in cloud computing have opened new opportunities in early warning and emergency management issues. The scientific community has recognized the added value of a geo-analytic approach in complex decision-making processes for critical situations due to natural events such as landslides. In this context, the research project CLARA [CLoud plAtform and smart underground imaging for natural Risk Assessment] has been developed. The main objective of the project is the acquisition of local knowledge on issues related to landslide risk that may affect urban areas, through the development of smart technologies that allow acquisition, management and sharing of complex information. 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Eng. Geol. Environ. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 78 IS 6 BP 4123 EP 4138 DI 10.1007/s10064-018-1390-7 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA IS6CR UT WOS:000482240400019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kaufhold, MA Gizikis, A Reuter, C Habdank, M Grinko, M AF Kaufhold, Marc-Andre Gizikis, Alexis Reuter, Christian Habdank, Matthias Grinko, Margarita TI Avoiding chaotic use of social media before, during, and after emergencies: Design and evaluation of citizens' guidelines SO JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE emergency management; guidelines for citizens; representative survey; social media ID CRISIS COMMUNICATION; QUALITATIVE SURVEY; INFORMATION FORM; RESILIENCE; MANAGEMENT AB Social media have been established in many natural disasters or human-induced crises and emergencies. Nowadays, authorities, such as emergency services, and citizens engage with social media in different phases of the emergency management cycle. However, as research in crisis informatics highlights, one remaining issue constitutes the chaotic use of social media by citizens during emergencies, which has the potential to increase the complexity of tasks, uncertainty, and pressure for emergency services. To counter these risks, besides implementing supportive technology, social media guidelines may help putting artefact and theoretical contributions into practical use for authorities and citizens. This paper presents the design and evaluation (with 1,024 participants) of citizens' guidelines for using social media before, during, and after emergencies. C1 [Kaufhold, Marc-Andre; Grinko, Margarita] Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, Siegen, Germany. [Gizikis, Alexis] EENA, Brussels, Belgium. [Reuter, Christian] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Sci & Technol Peace & Secur PEASEC, Darmstadt, Germany. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 27 IS 3 BP 198 EP 213 DI 10.1111/1468-5973.12249 PG 16 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA IS9NA UT WOS:000482473900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fabbri, L Wood, MH AF Fabbri, Luciano Wood, Maureen Heraty TI Accident Damage Analysis Module (ADAM): Novel European Commission tool for consequence assessment-Scientific evaluation of performance SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Consequence assessment; Risk assessment; Seveso directive; Control of major accident hazards; Models verification and validation ID FLASHING LIQUID JETS; DROPLET DISPERSION; MODEL; RAINOUT; EVAPORATION; VALIDATION; RADIATION AB This paper summarises the scientific evaluation of the performance of a novel modelling tool, the Accident Damage Assessment Module (ADAM), developed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) to assess the consequences of an industrial accident resulting from an unintended release of a dangerous substance. The ADAM tool is specifically intended to assist Competent Authorities in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA), and their supporting research institutions, responsible for the implementation of the Seveso Directive in their countries, as well as governmental and research organisations of EU Accession and Candidate Countries, and European Neighbourhood Policy countries involved in chemical accident prevention and preparedness. In particular, the tool provides decision-making support to various functions associated with industrial risk management, enforcement and oversight, including risk analysis, land-use and emergency planning, inspection and monitoring, and the preparation and review of safety reports. Consequence assessment models are characterised by high level of complexity and of uncertainty. It is therefore of paramount importance to assess their limits. The scientific evaluation was conducted across the entire consequence assessment cycle, including the source terms and the physical effects calculations associated with the concentration toxics after airborne dispersion, the thermal radiation of chemical fires, and the explosion of vapour flammable clouds. The evaluation described in this paper was conducted on a series of relevant scenarios, by benchmarking the outcome of ADAM with the results obtained by similar software tools and with the experimental data obtained on a series of reference field campaigns, as taken from the literature. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Institution of Chemical Engineers. C1 [Fabbri, Luciano; Wood, Maureen Heraty] Joint Res Ctr, European Commiss, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. RP Fabbri, L (reprint author), Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM luciano.fabbri@ec.europa.eu FU Institutional programme of the EC Joint Research Centre; EC Directorate General on EU Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection (DG ECHO) FX ADAM was funded by the Institutional programme of the EC Joint Research Centre and the EC Directorate General on EU Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection (DG ECHO) in support of disaster riskreduction within the Union Civil Protection Mechanism. CR Appleton P. R., 1984, SRDR303 UKAEA Belore R., 1986, MODELLING SPREADING Blewitt R. E., 1987, P INT C VAP CLOUD MO Book Purple, 2005, HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES, V3, p[4, 14] Brighton P. W. M., 1987, R375 SRDHSE Britter R. E., 1994, FM892 CERC ECC DGXII Britter R. E., 1995, FM893 CERC EEC DGXII Britter R, 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.021 Burgess D. 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PD SEP PY 2019 VL 129 BP 249 EP 263 DI 10.1016/j.psep.2019.07.007 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA IS5SX UT WOS:000482213900027 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, YX Yang, SQ Zhang, S Zhang, WY AF Li, Yixiao Yang, Shuiqing Zhang, Shuai Zhang, Wenyu TI Mobile social media use intention in emergencies among Gen Y in China: An integrative framework of gratifications, task-technology fit, and media dependency SO TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Emergency management; Crisis; Information seeking; Information sharing; Communication; Solitary play ID INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; CONTINUANCE INTENTION; QUALITATIVE SURVEY; NETWORKING SITE; ACCEPTANCE; GOVERNMENT; CRISIS; TTF; COMMUNICATION; MANAGEMENT AB Mobile social media have great potential for emergency management with their penetration into the daily life of humans. Drawing on theories of gratifications, task-technology fit, and media dependency, we develop an integrative research model to understand Gen Yers' mobile social media use intention in emergencies. Based on survey data from 424 Gen Y users in China, we conduct a structural equation modeling analysis and an artificial neural network analysis to validate the model. On one hand, social media dependency has a significant and positive effect on gratifications users seek during emergencies. Each gratification positively influences use intention except for information sharing. In order of the effects on use intention, communication is the most important, followed by solitary play and information seeking. On the other hand, both perceived mobility and task features positively influence perceived task-technology fit, which in turn exerts a significant effect on mobile social media use intention. The findings provide a fine-grained understanding of the relative importance of key predictors of mobile social media use intention in emergencies. Moreover, these findings, however limited to China's Gen Y, suggest a role of solitary play and raise possible concern regarding an absence of information sharing. C1 [Li, Yixiao; Yang, Shuiqing; Zhang, Shuai; Zhang, Wenyu] Zhejiang Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Informat Management & Engn, 18 Xueyuan St, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Yang, SQ (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Informat Management & Engn, 18 Xueyuan St, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM yxli@zufe.edu.cn; d200877707@hust.edu.cn; zs760914@sina.com; wyzhang@e.ntu.edu.sg FU MOE (Ministry of Education in China) Project of Humanities and Social Sciences [18YJA630058] FX Special thanks to two anonymous referees for constructive suggestions and comments. The authors acknowledge the supports from the MOE (Ministry of Education in China) Project of Humanities and Social Sciences (18YJA630058). 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Recent advancement of Sensor Web technologies in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) allows real-time observations to be fed into models to generate "live" models. A key challenge is how to efficiently process observation streams in models, which is particularly important in time-critical cases like disaster management. This paper presents an observation stream computing model for live modelling, which couples Sensor Web and models in stream computing environment to provide timely decision-support information. Observation Streams are proposed as information models to deal with observation stream processing. The approach shows how MapReduce and Apache Spark stream processing can be leveraged to support coupling of observation streams and models. The approach is applied in a disaster management case, where in-situ observation streams are processed to compute the waterlogging information in near real time. The results illustrate applicability and effectiveness of the approach. C1 [Shangguan, Boyi; Yue, Peng; An, Zheren] Wuhan Univ, Sch Remote Sensing & Informat Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Yue, Peng] Wuhan Univ, Hubei Prov Engn Ctr Intelligent Geoproc, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Yue, Peng] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Geospatial Technol, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Tapete, Deodato] Italian Space Agcy ASI, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Yue, P (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Remote Sensing & Informat Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM pyue@whu.edu.cn RI Tapete, Deodato/K-9606-2016 OI Tapete, Deodato/0000-0002-7242-4473 FU Major State Research Development Program of China [2017YFB0503704]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41722109, 61825103, 91738302]; Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [2018CFA053]; Nature Science Foundation Innovation Group Project of Hubei Province, China [2016CFA003]; Wuhan Yellow Crane Talents (Science) Program FX We appreciate the reviewers and editors for their constructive comments that helped improve the quality of the paper. The work was supported by Major State Research Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0503704), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41722109, 61825103, 91738302), Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2018CFA053), Nature Science Foundation Innovation Group Project of Hubei Province, China (No. 2016CFA003), and Wuhan Yellow Crane Talents (Science) Program (2016). 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Kato, Nei TI An Absorbing Markov Chain Based Model to Solve Computation and Communication Tradeoff in GPU-Accelerated MDRUs for Safety Confirmation in Disaster Scenarios SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Safety confirmation; disaster recovery networks; absorbing Markov chain; photo sharing; GPU-accelerated MDRUs ID NETWORK; VISION AB The fast increasing chip processing capacities driven by the Moore's Law have encouraged the academia and industry to consider more about general hardware architectures since they allow the repeated use for multiple purposes through the installations of applications. Some techniques utilizing the general hardware architectures have been developed to improve the flexibility of computer networks, such as the Software Defined Networking (SDN) and the Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). For these networks, the applications are required to be computation/communication-efficient since the installed applications share the hardware. 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Bottom-up citizen initiatives (BUIs) may bring together governmental bodies with people at risk. Drawing on a screening of existing BUIs in Europe, North America, and Australia and an in-depth analysis of three study sites, this paper maps BUI activities to stages in the risk management cycle and discusses the institutional, relational and social proximity between BUIs and other stakeholders. Flood BUIs often take over roles that the authorities are not willing or able to fulfil. BUIs emerge out of frustration with current risk policies, after a catastrophic flood event, government-initiated engagement projects or targeted funding opportunities. BUIs can take different forms, ranging from oppositional pressure groups, self-help movements for disaster response and recovery, to initiatives formally installed by law. While self-organised BUIs benefit from high proximity to their home communities, formalised BUIs are deeper embedded in existing institutional structures. In order to gain a stronger voice in the risk debate, BUIs need to expand from the local level to catchment areas and exchange expertise and resources in nationwide or cross-border networks. However, BUIs may create parallel political structures that are not democratically legitimised. C1 [Seebauer, Sebastian] Joanneum Res Forsch Gesell MbH, LIFE Ctr Climate Energy & Soc, Waagner Biro Str 100, A-8020 Graz, Austria. [Ortner, Stefan] Univ Innsbruck, Dept Geog, Innsbruck, Austria. [Babcicky, Philipp] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Wegener Ctr Climate & Global Change, Graz, Austria. [Babcicky, Philipp] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, FWF DK Climate Change, Graz, Austria. [Thaler, Thomas] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Mt Risk Engn, Vienna, Austria. RP Seebauer, S (reprint author), Joanneum Res Forsch Gesell MbH, LIFE Ctr Climate Energy & Soc, Waagner Biro Str 100, A-8020 Graz, Austria. 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Flood Risk Manag. PD SEP PY 2019 VL 12 IS 3 AR UNSP e12468 DI 10.1111/jfr3.12468 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA IN8QO UT WOS:000478944800009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kirkland, JL Zick, SE AF Kirkland, Jessica L. Zick, Stephanie E. TI Regional Differences in the Spatial Patterns of North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Rainbands Through Landfall SO SOUTHEASTERN GEOGRAPHER LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclone; Hurricane; Rainbands; Landfall; Spatial analysis ID EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION; PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTION; HURRICANE LANDFALL; DIURNAL CYCLE; RAIN FIELDS; MODEL; SHAPE; CLIMATOLOGY; COMPACTNESS; INDICATORS AB Tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation impacts are difficult to predict due to rapid structural changes during landfall and few studies into how these changes vary regionally. This research examines spatial changes in light (0.254 mm h(-1)) and heavy (5 mm h(-1)) precipitation based on landfall location along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines using three spatial metrics: 1) area, 2) closure (proportion around storm center), and 3) dispersion (spread from storm center). Overall, we find that the largest spatial changes occur from landfall to 24 hours after landfall, likely due to eyewall breakdown. By subsetting TCs by landfall location, we find that heavy precipitation is more likely to become better organized in the approach to landfall in Gulf landfalling TCs. Post-landfall, Gulf storms decrease in size significantly, whereas Atlantic storms become asymmetrical but do not decrease in size. Extratropical transition (ET) versus dissipation after landfall does not explain these differences in precipitation around landfall. To further subset results, we apply a k-means clustering algorithm separately to the Gulf and Atlantic coastlines. 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Geogr. PD FAL PY 2019 VL 59 IS 3 BP 294 EP 320 DI 10.1353/sgo.2019.0023 PG 27 WC Geography SC Geography GA IP9SW UT WOS:000480391500007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Burns, R AF Burns, Ryan TI New Frontiers of Philanthro-capitalism: Digital Technologies and Humanitarianism SO ANTIPODE LA English DT Article DE philanthro-capitalism; digital humanitarianism; humanitarian aid; critical GIScience; neoliberalism ID VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; DISASTER RESPONSE; FUTURE; NEOLIBERALISM; OPENSTREETMAP; NEOGEOGRAPHY; KNOWLEDGE; CRITIQUE; POLITICS; MOMENTS AB Digital technologies that allow large numbers of laypeople to contribute to humanitarian action facilitate the deepening adoption and adaptation of private-sector logics and rationalities in humanitarianism. This is increasingly taking place through philanthro-capitalism, a process in which philanthropy and humanitarianism are made central to business models. Key to this transformation is the way private businesses find supporting "digital humanitarian" organisations such as Standby Task Force to be amenable to their capital accumulation imperatives. Private-sector institutions channel feelings of closeness to aid recipients that digital humanitarian technologies enable, in order to legitimise their claims to "help" the recipients. This has ultimately led to humanitarian and state institutions re-articulating capitalist logics in ways that reflect the new digital humanitarian avenues of entry. In this article, I characterise this process by drawing out three capitalist logics that humanitarian and state institutions re-articulate in the context of digital humanitarianism, in an emergent form of philanthro-capitalism. Specifically, I argue that branding, efficiency, and bottom lines take altered forms in this context, in part being de-politicised as a necessary condition for their adoption. This de-politicisation involves normalising these logics by framing social and political problems as technical in nature and thus both beyond critique and amenable to digital humanitarian "solutions". I take this line of argumentation to then re-politicise each of these logics and the capitalist relations that they entail. C1 [Burns, Ryan] Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Burns, R (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB, Canada. 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Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle Friedman, Daniela B. Gentile, Danielle Schrock, Courtney Thomas, Tracey West, Delia TI Examining the Role of Twitter in Response and Recovery During and After Historic Flooding in South Carolina SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE communication; disaster risk reduction; prevention and preparedness; social media; Twitter ID RESILIENCE; DISASTERS; EVACUEES; HEALTH; CARE; HOME AB Context: Social media has played an increasing role in the response to emergency situations through information exchange and efforts to promote recovery. Understanding more about how social media users share and re-share information is particularly important to help emergency response entities determine best strategies for expanding reach and impact through social media in disseminating emergency messages. Objective: This study examined the role and use of Twitter as a response and recovery strategy before, during, and after historic rainfall and flooding in the Midlands region of the greater Columbia, South Carolina, area in October 2015. Design: A cross-sectional, thematic, and descriptive examination of Twitter data across 4 time periods (before the historic rainfall and flooding, during, immediately after a boil water advisory period, and 6 months later) was conducted. Setting: Twitter posts containing "#SCFlood" with a focus on the Midlands region were extracted and analyzed. Results: The most common themes of tweets across all 4 time periods were weather conditions, devastation description, resource distribution, volunteerism, actions to reduce threats to health, and appreciation. Tweets mostly originated from individual users, followed by media outlets, governmental agencies, and nonprofit agencies. Tweets from the first 3 time periods were largely focused on built and natural environment devastation and action to reduce threats to health, and tweets from the fourth time period were primarily focused on cleanup and repair. Conclusions: Twitter was utilized widely as a communication tool to provide time-sensitive and critical information before, during, and after the event. Ensuring that key social media users have developed disaster communication strategies inclusive of Twitter seems important in aiding response to and recovery from natural disasters. C1 [Brandt, Heather M.; Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle; Friedman, Daniela B.; Schrock, Courtney] Univ South Carolina, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [West, Delia] Univ South Carolina, Technol Ctr Promote Hlth Lifestyles TecHlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Gentile, Danielle] Levine Canc Inst, Carolinas HealthCare Syst, Charlotte, NC USA. [Thomas, Tracey] Berea Coll, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Berea, KY USA. RP Brandt, HM (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM hbrandt@sc.edu FU University of South Carolina Office of the Vice President for Research through the South Carolina Resilience FX Funding for this study was provided by the University of South Carolina Office of the Vice President for Research through the South Carolina Resilience to Extreme Storms: Research on Social, Environmental, and Health Dimensions of the October 2015 Catastrophic Flooding funding initiative. 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Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2019 VL 25 IS 5 SI SI BP E6 EP E12 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000841 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IM3KF UT WOS:000477891400002 PM 31348171 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Song, X Guo, S Wang, HZ AF Song, Xuan Guo, Song Wang, Haizhong TI Guest editorial: special issue on big data for effective disaster management (In Memorial of Tao Li) SO WORLD WIDE WEB-INTERNET AND WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Song, Xuan] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Guo, Song] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Haizhong] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Song, X (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. EM songxuan@csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp; song.guo@polyu.edu.hk; Haizhong.Wang@oregonstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1386-145X EI 1573-1413 J9 WORLD WIDE WEB JI World Wide Web PD SEP PY 2019 VL 22 IS 5 SI SI BP 1889 EP 1891 DI 10.1007/s11280-019-00689-7 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA IJ1CR UT WOS:000475636800001 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Pouyanfar, S Tao, YD Tian, HM Chen, SC Shyu, ML AF Pouyanfar, Samira Tao, Yudong Tian, Haiman Chen, Shu-Ching Shyu, Mei-Ling TI Multimodal deep learning based on multiple correspondence analysis for disaster management SO WORLD WIDE WEB-INTERNET AND WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Multimodal deep learning; Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA); Disaster information management ID EMOTION RECOGNITION; FACE RECOGNITION; EVENT DETECTION; DATA FUSION; INTELLIGENT; FRAMEWORK AB The fast and explosive growth of digital data in social media and World Wide Web has led to numerous opportunities and research activities in multimedia big data. Among them, disaster management applications have attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its impacts on society and government. This study targets content analysis and mining for disaster management. Specifically, a multimedia big data framework based on the advanced deep learning techniques is proposed. First, a video dataset of natural disasters is collected from YouTube. Then, two separate deep networks including a temporal audio model and a spatio-temporal visual model are presented to analyze the audio-visual modalities in video clips effectively. Thereafter, the results of both models are integrated using the proposed fusion model based on the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) algorithm which considers the correlations between data modalities and final classes. The proposed multimodal framework is evaluated on the collected disaster dataset and compared with several state-of-the-art single modality and fusion techniques. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of both visual model and fusion model compared to the baseline approaches. Specifically, the accuracy of the final multi-class classification using the proposed MCA-based fusion reaches to 73% on this challenging dataset. C1 [Pouyanfar, Samira; Tian, Haiman; Chen, Shu-Ching] Florida Int Univ, Sch Comp & Informat Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Tao, Yudong; Shyu, Mei-Ling] Univ Miami, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Pouyanfar, S (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Sch Comp & Informat Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM spouy001@cs.fiu.edu; yxt128@miami.edu; htian005@cs.fiu.edu; chens@cs.fiu.edu; shyu@miami.edu RI Tao, Yudong/AAB-9101-2019 OI Tao, Yudong/0000-0002-0116-3878; Chen, Shu-Ching/0000-0001-9209-390X FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-1461926] FX This research is partially supported by NSF CNS-1461926. 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E. Li, Heng Trinder, John Tang, Pingbo TI Comparative analysis of machine learning and point-based algorithms for detecting 3D changes in buildings over time using bi-temporal lidar data SO AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE Light detection and ranging (lidar); Bi-temporal lidar; Building change detection; Construction; Machine learning; Point cloud ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; LASER SCANNER DATA; SATELLITE IMAGERY; TEXTURE; STATISTICS; AERIAL; TREES AB Building Change Detection techniques are critical for monitoring building changes and deformations, construction progress tracking, structural deflections and disaster management. However, the performance of relevant algorithms on airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) data sets have not been comparatively evaluated, when such data sets are increasingly being used for construction purposes due to their capability of providing volumetric information of objects. This study aims to suggest appropriate building change detection algorithms based on a comparative evaluation of the performance of five selected algorithms including three pixel-based algorithms, Digital Surface Model differencing (DSMd), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Maximum Likelihood (ML), and two point-based change detection algorithms, namely Cloud to Cloud (C2C) and Multiple Model to Model Cloud Comparison (M3C2). The algorithms were applied on two-point cloud samples from the same areas, and the results of pixel-based change detection algorithms indicate that the SVM algorithm could operate satisfactorily when noise is present in the data but could not reliably quantify the magnitudes of building height changes. The DSMd algorithm can derive the magnitudes of building height change, but it produces a high level of noise in the result and influences the change detection reliability. Therefore, an integration of DSMd and SVM was applied to determine the magnitudes of change and significantly reduce the noise in the results. Among point-based algorithms, M3C2 algorithm is able to show the magnitudes of building height changes and differentiate between new and demolished objects, while C2C can not fully satisfy the evaluation criteria. The authors recommend evaluation of these algorithms using additional temporal data sets and in various urban areas. Therefore, a generalization of the findings at this stage is premature. C1 [Shirowzhan, Sara; Sepasgozar, Samad M. E.] Univ New South Wales Sydney, Fac Built Environm, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Li, Heng] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Bldg & Real Estate, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Trinder, John] Univ New South Wales Sydney, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Tang, Pingbo] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. 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Whitehair, Rosalita TI The role of disaster volunteering in Indigenous communities SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Indigenous communities; disaster management; volunteers ID SOCIAL MEDIA; NEW-ZEALAND; MANAGEMENT; OPPORTUNITIES; EMERGENCIES; KNOWLEDGE; FRAMEWORK AB Drawing on Maori (Aotearoa-New Zealand), First Nations (Canada), and Navajo Nation (U.S.), case studies and practitioners' experiences, this article addresses a gap in our understanding of the role of volunteers in emergencies and disasters in Indigenous communities. Enablers and challenges to effective volunteering in these Indigenous communities are discussed. Cultural enablers of volunteering include building capacity during non-emergency times, using all senses when volunteering, and supporting locally emergent psychosocial recovery institutions that are based on cultural understanding and trust. Resolving systemic barriers to volunteering would require institutional and organisational changes through governance, coordination and training. Practical recommendations for supporting volunteer management in Indigenous communities are made. C1 [Yumagulova, Lilia] Univ British Columbia, Sauder Sch Business, Sch Community & Reg Planning, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Phibbs, Suzanne] Massey Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Kenney, Christine M.] GNS Sci Massey Univ, Joint Ctr Disaster Res, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Woman-Munro, Darlene Yellow Old] Siksika Nation, Dancing Deer Disaster Recovery Ctr, Siksika, AB, Canada. [Christianson, Amy Cardinal] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [McGee, Tara K.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Whitehair, Rosalita] New Mexico Dept Homeland Secur & Emergency Manage, Disaster Recovery, Santa Fe, NM USA. 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K, 2009, CASE STUDY RES DESIG NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1747-7891 EI 1878-0059 J9 ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK JI Environ. Hazards DI 10.1080/17477891.2019.1657791 EA AUG 2019 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IV7PG UT WOS:000484458400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Centurioni, LR Turton, J Lumpkin, R Braasch, L Brassington, G Chao, Y Charpentier, E Chen, ZH Corlett, G Dohan, K Donlon, C Gallage, C Hormann, V Ignatov, A Ingleby, B Jensen, R Kelly-Gerreyn, BA Koszalka, IM Lin, XP Lindstrom, E Maximenko, N Merchant, CJ Minnett, P O'Carroll, A Paluszkiewicz, T Poli, P Poulain, PM Reverdin, G Sun, XJ Swail, V Thurston, S Wu, LX Yu, LS Wang, B Zhang, DX AF Centurioni, Luca R. Turton, Jon Lumpkin, Rick Braasch, Lancelot Brassington, Gary Chao, Yi Charpentier, Etienne Chen, Zhaohui Corlett, Gary Dohan, Kathleen Donlon, Craig Gallage, Champika Hormann, Verena Ignatov, Alexander Ingleby, Bruce Jensen, Robert Kelly-Gerreyn, Boris A. Koszalka, Inga M. Lin, Xiaopei Lindstrom, Eric Maximenko, Nikolai Merchant, Christopher J. Minnett, Peter O'Carroll, Anne Paluszkiewicz, Theresa Poli, Paul Poulain, Pierre-Marie Reverdin, Gilles Sun, Xiujun Swail, Val Thurston, Sidney Wu, Lixin Yu, Lisan Wang, Bin Zhang, Dongxiao TI Global in situ Observations of Essential Climate and Ocean Variables at the Air-Sea Interface SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE global in situ observations; air-sea interface; essential climate and ocean variables; climate variability and change; weather forecasting; SVP drifters ID NEAR-SURFACE VELOCITY; SKIN TEMPERATURE PROFILES; DATA ASSIMILATION; EDDY DIFFUSIVITY; DRIFTER DATA; LAGRANGIAN DRIFTERS; OBSERVING SYSTEM; NORTH-ATLANTIC; ADRIATIC SEA; INDIAN-OCEAN AB The air-sea interface is a key gateway in the Earth system. It is where the atmosphere sets the ocean in motion, climate/weather-relevant air-sea processes occur, and pollutants (i.e., plastic, anthropogenic carbon dioxide, radioactive/chemical waste) enter the sea. Hence, accurate estimates and forecasts of physical and biogeochemical processes at this interface are critical for sustainable blue economy planning, growth, and disaster mitigation. Such estimates and forecasts rely on accurate and integrated in situ and satellite surface observations. High-impact uses of ocean surface observations of essential ocean/climate variables (EOVs/ECVs) include (1) assimilation into/validation of weather, ocean, and climate forecast models to improve their skill, impact, and value; (2) ocean physics studies (i.e., heat, momentum, freshwater, and biogeochemical air-sea fluxes) to further our understanding and parameterization of air-sea processes; and (3) calibration and validation of satellite ocean products (i.e., currents, temperature, salinity, sea level, ocean color, wind, and waves). We review strengths and limitations, impacts, and sustainability of in situ ocean surface observations of several ECVs and EOVs. We draw a 10-year vision of the global ocean surface observing network for improved synergy and integration with other observing systems (e.g., satellites), for modeling/forecast efforts, and for a better ocean observing governance. The context is both the applications listed above and the guidelines of frameworks such as the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) (both co-sponsoredby the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, IOC-UNESCO; the World Meteorological Organization, WMO; the United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP; and the International Science Council, ISC). Networks of multiparametric platforms, such as the global drifter array, offer opportunities for new and improved in situ observations. Advances in sensor technology (e.g., low-cost wave sensors), high-throughput communications, evolving cyberinfrastructures, and data information systems with potential to improve the scope, efficiency, integration, and sustainability of the ocean surface observing system are explored. C1 [Centurioni, Luca R.; Braasch, Lancelot; Hormann, Verena] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Turton, Jon] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Lumpkin, Rick] NOAAs Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL USA. [Brassington, Gary; Kelly-Gerreyn, Boris A.] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Chao, Yi] Remote Sensing Solut, Barnstable, MA USA. [Charpentier, Etienne; Gallage, Champika] World Meteorol Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Chen, Zhaohui; Lin, Xiaopei; Sun, Xiujun; Wu, Lixin] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Corlett, Gary] EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany. [Dohan, Kathleen] Earth & Space Res, Seattle, WA USA. [Donlon, Craig] European Space Agcy, Paris, France. [Ignatov, Alexander] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res Star, College Pk, MD USA. [Ingleby, Bruce] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England. [Jensen, Robert] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Koszalka, Inga M.] Stockholm Univ MISU, Stockholm Univ Baltic Sea Ctr, Dept Meteorol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lindstrom, Eric] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Maximenko, Nikolai] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Merchant, Christopher J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Minnett, Peter] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [O'Carroll, Anne] European Org Exploitat Meteorol Satellites, Darmstadt, Germany. [Paluszkiewicz, Theresa] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Poli, Paul] Meteo France, Toulouse, France. [Poulain, Pierre-Marie] Ist Nazl Oceanog & Geofis Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy. [Reverdin, Gilles] UMR 7159 Lab Oceanog & Climat Expt & Approches Nu, Paris, France. [Swail, Val] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, PQ, Canada. [Thurston, Sidney] NOAA, Washington, DC USA. [Yu, Lisan] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Wang, Bin] Natl Marine Technol Ctr, Tianjin, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Dongxiao] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Paluszkiewicz, Theresa] Octopus Ocean Consulting LLC, Oak Hill, VA USA. RP Centurioni, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM lcenturioni@ucsd.edu FU NOAANational Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA [NA15OAR4320071]; ONROffice of Naval Research [N00014-17-1-2517]; NOAA/AOMLNational Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; NOAA's Ocean Observation and Monitoring Division; NASANational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) [NNX17AH43G]; Nordic Seas Eddy Exchanges (NorSEE) - Norwegian Research Council [221780]; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA15OAR4320063]; USACE's Civil Works [096x3123] FX LC, LB, and VH were supported by NOAA grant NA15OAR4320071 and ONR grant N00014-17-1-2517. RL was supported by NOAA/AOML and NOAA's Ocean Observation and Monitoring Division. NM was partly supported by NASA grant NNX17AH43G. IK was supported by the Nordic Seas Eddy Exchanges (NorSEE) funded by the Norwegian Research Council (Grant 221780). DZ was partly funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4320063. RJ was supported by the USACE's Civil Works 096x3123. 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Mar. Sci. PD AUG 30 PY 2019 VL 6 AR UNSP 419 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00419 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IU1XL UT WOS:000483370500001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sajow, HS Water, T Hidayat, M Holroyd, E AF Sajow, Hely Stenly Water, Tineke Hidayat, Melania Holroyd, Eleanor TI Maternal and reproductive health (MRH) services during the 2013 eruption of Mount Sinabung: A qualitative case study from Indonesia SO GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Maternal and reproductive health; disaster risk management; pregnant women; volcanic eruption; Indonesia AB Maternal and reproductive health (MRH) needs are particularly heightened during disasters, affecting the long-term maternal morbidity and mortality. This single case study, drawing on the 2013 eruption of Mount Sinabung, Indonesia, aimed to investigate the experiences of pregnant women and the perspectives of community leaders on the accessibility and the provision of MRH services during the emergency response phase. The study was conducted between August 2017 and April 2018 in the newly relocated villages in Siosar Kabanjahe, Karo district. Data were collected from two stakeholder groups over two phases. Phase 1 with 10 women who were pregnant at the time of the eruption. Phase 2 with 16 community leaders. Data were thematically analysed and utilised NVivo software. While there were considerable efforts to provide MRH services following the eruption, these were described as inadequate. The activation of local disaster management authorities and provision of free-of-charge MRH services were seen as imperative to improving the disaster responses. To improve responses in future disasters, health authorities are recommended to upscale health information systems in emergencies, educate health professionals on Disaster Risk Management (DRM), improve guidelines related to temporary shelter and improve multi-sectoral coordination to ensure MRH provision is aligned with DRM policies. C1 [Sajow, Hely Stenly; Holroyd, Eleanor] Auckland Univ Technol, Sch Clin Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Water, Tineke] Auckland Univ Technol, Ctr Child Hlth Res, Auckland, New Zealand. [Water, Tineke] Univ Puthisastra, Fac Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Hidayat, Melania] Univ Muhammadiyah, Sch Publ Hlth, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. [Hidayat, Melania] Country Off Indonesia, United Nations Populat Fund, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Holroyd, Eleanor] Aga Khan Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Nursing Res Capac Dev, Kampala, Uganda. RP Sajow, HS (reprint author), Auckland Univ Technol, Sch Clin Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. 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K., 2018, CASE STUDY RES APPL NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-1692 EI 1744-1706 J9 GLOB PUBLIC HEALTH JI Glob. Public Health DI 10.1080/17441692.2019.1657925 EA AUG 2019 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IZ7QZ UT WOS:000487292500001 PM 31543003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Robinson, TR Rosser, N Walters, RJ AF Robinson, Tom R. Rosser, Nick Walters, Richard J. TI The Spatial and Temporal Influence of Cloud Cover on Satellite-Based Emergency Mapping of Earthquake Disasters SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MOTION PREDICTION EQUATIONS; GROUND-MOTION; 2003 BAM; ATTENUATION; MANAGEMENT; INTENSITY; LOSSES; SPACE; IRAN AB The ability to rapidly access optical satellite imagery is now an intrinsic component of managing the disaster response that follows a major earthquake. These images provide synoptic data on the impacts, extent, and intensity of damage, which is essential for mitigating further losses by feeding into the response coordination. However, whilst the efficiency of the response can be hampered when cloud cover limits image availability, spatio-temporal variations in cloud cover have never been considered as part of the design of effective disaster mapping. Here we show how annual variations in cloud cover may affect our capacity to respond rapidly throughout the year and consequently contribute to overall earthquake risk. We find that on a global scale when accounting for cloud, the worst time of year for an earthquake disaster is between June and August. During these months, 40% of the global population at risk from earthquakes are obscured from optical satellite view for >3 consecutive days. Southeastern Asia is particularly strongly affected, accounting for the majority of the population at risk from earthquakes that could be obscured by cloud in every month. Our results demonstrate the importance of the timing of earthquakes in terms of our capacity to respond effectively, highlighting the need for more intelligent design of disaster response that is not overly reliant on optical satellite imagery. C1 [Robinson, Tom R.; Rosser, Nick] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Inst Hazard Risk & Resilience, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Robinson, Tom R.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Geog Polit & Sociol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Walters, Richard J.] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, COMET, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Robinson, TR (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Inst Hazard Risk & Resilience, Durham DH1 3LE, England.; Robinson, TR (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Geog Polit & Sociol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. EM thomas.robinson@newcastle.ac.uk OI Robinson, Tom/0000-0002-6496-4891 FU Addison Wheeler Fellowship at Durham University FX We thank P. Whitehouse for critical reading of the manuscript and A.L. Densmore for suggestions and results interpretation. This work was supported by the Addison Wheeler Fellowship at Durham University to T.R.R. We acknowledge the work and open access data of Wilson and Jetz (2016) whose underlying research and data on cloud cover in MODIS satellite imagery facilitated this study. 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Spat. Sci. DI 10.1080/14498596.2019.1654944 EA AUG 2019 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IT8RA UT WOS:000483148400001 OA Other Gold, Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Song, DM Tan, X Wang, B Zhang, L Shan, XJ Cui, JY AF Song, Dongmei Tan, Xuan Wang, Bin Zhang, Ling Shan, Xinjian Cui, Jianyong TI Integration of super-pixel segmentation and deep-learning methods for evaluating earthquake-damaged buildings using single-phase remote sensing imagery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Early Access ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE; COLLAPSED BUILDINGS; AUTOMATIC DETECTION; HAITI EARTHQUAKE; CLASSIFICATION; ALGORITHM; SHIFT; SAR AB Rapid identification of post-earthquake collapsed buildings can be used to conduct immediate damage assessments (scope and extent), which could potentially be conducive to the formulation of emergency response strategies. Up to the present, the assessments of earthquake damage are mainly achieved through artificial field investigations, which are time-consuming and cannot meet the urgent requirements of quick-response emergency relief allocation. In this research study, an intelligent assessment method based on deep-learning, super-pixel segmentation, and mathematical morphology was proposed to evaluate the damage degrees of earthquake-damaged buildings. This method firstly utilized the Deeplab v2 neural network to obtain the initial damaged building areas. Then, the simple linear iterative cluster (SLIC) method was employed to segment the test images so as to accurately extract the area boundaries of the earthquake-damaged buildings. Next, the images subdivided by SLIC can be merged according to the initial damaged building areas identified by Deeplab v2 neural network. Finally, a mathematical morphological method was introduced to eliminate the background noise. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm was superior to others in both convergent speed and accuracy. Besides, its parameter selection was flexible and easily realized which was of great significance to earthquake damage assessments and provided valuable guidance for the formulation of future emergency response plans after earthquake events. C1 [Song, Dongmei; Tan, Xuan; Wang, Bin; Cui, Jianyong] China Univ Petr East China, Sch Geosci, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Song, Dongmei; Wang, Bin] Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Song, Dongmei; Wang, Bin; Shan, Xinjian] State Key Lab Earthquake Dynam, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tan, Xuan] China Univ Petr, Grad Sch, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ling] Natl Earthquake Response Support Serv, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, B (reprint author), China Univ Petr East China, Sch Geosci, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM wangbin007@upc.edu.cn FU National Nature Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41701513, 41772350, 61371189]; Key R&D Program of Shandong province [2019GGX101033]; State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics [LED2012B02]; joint monitoring and analysis projections for the crust activities based on space imaging and earth surface observations completed in Shanghai [14231202600, 16dz1206000]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [19CX05003A-8, 16CX02026A] FX We would like to acknowledge the sponsorship of the National Nature Science Foundation Project [41701513, 41772350, and 61371189], Key R&D Program of Shandong province under the Grant (2019GGX101033), the State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics [LED2012B02], the joint monitoring and analysis projections for the crust activities based on space imaging and earth surface observations completed in Shanghai [14231202600; 16dz1206000]. This research was also funded in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [19CX05003A-8, 16CX02026A]. 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J. Remote Sens. DI 10.1080/01431161.2019.1655175 EA AUG 2019 PG 27 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA IS9JJ UT WOS:000482464200001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sahin, EK Colkesen, I AF Sahin, Emrehan Kutlug Colkesen, Ismail TI Performance analysis of advanced decision tree-based ensemble learning algorithms for landslide susceptibility mapping SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Landslide susceptibility; feature selection; advanced decision tree; canonical correlation forest; bagging methods; AdaBoost ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; BELIEF FUNCTION MODEL; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; FEATURE-SELECTION; MULTICRITERIA DECISION; BIVARIATE STATISTICS; ROTATION FOREST; GIS; MAPS; HAZARD AB Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is a major area of interest within the field of disaster risk management that involves planning and decision-making activities. Therefore, preparation of dataset, construction of predictive model and analysis of results are considered to be important stages for effective and efficient disaster management in LSM. In recent years, a large number of studies has mainly focused on the effects of using machine learning (ML) algorithms as a predictive model in LSM. Decision tree-based ensemble learning algorithms known as decision forest is one of the popular ML techniques based on a combination of several decision tree algorithms to construct an optimal prediction model. In this study, prediction performances of recently proposed decision tree-based ensemble-based algorithms namely canonical correlation forest (CCF) and rotation forest (RotFor) are tested on LSM. In order to compare their performances, popular ensemble learning algorithms including random forest (RF), AdaBoost and bagging algorithms are also considered. For this purpose, first, twelve conditioning factors are determined in the study area, Karabuk province of Turkey. Second, individual importance of the factors on LSM process is evaluated using Fischer score analysis and selected factors are used as an input dataset for the construction of landslide susceptibility prediction models of CCF, RotFor, RF, AdaBoost and bagging algorithms. For the assessment of the performances, overall accuracy (OA), success rate curves and the area under the curve (AUC) analysis are utilized. Furthermore, chi-squared-based McNemar's test and well-known accuracy measures known as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are employed to evaluate the pairwise comparison of the ensemble learning methods. Results show that CCF method outperforms the RotFor method by about 4%, and there is no statistically significant difference between CFF and other methods. C1 [Sahin, Emrehan Kutlug] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Geomat Engn, Bolu, Turkey. 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DI 10.1080/10106049.2019.1641560 EA AUG 2019 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA IS7BV UT WOS:000482305900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jafar, AJN AF Jafar, Anisa J. N. TI Disaster documentation: improving medical information-sharing in sudden-onset disaster scenarios SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Qualitative; emergency medical teams; documentation; disaster ID CLINICAL DOCUMENTATION; MASS CASUALTY; TIME SPENT; RECORD; CARE; EARTHQUAKE; MANAGEMENT; LESSONS; HISTORY; HAITI AB This study investigates clinical practitioners' use of medical documentation during sudden-onset disasters in order to better understand how we can improve practice. 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DI 10.1080/01436597.2019.1650263 EA AUG 2019 PG 19 WC Development Studies SC Development Studies GA IS5CB UT WOS:000482168700001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chang, KC Chang, CT AF Chang, Kai-Chun Chang, Chiung-Ting TI Using cluster analysis to explore mortality patterns associated with tropical cyclones SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE cluster analysis; cause of death analysis; mortality; Taiwan; tropical cyclone; typhoon ID MULTIPLE-CAUSE; UNITED-STATES; DEATH; FRANCE AB Understanding the circumstances and conditions surrounding disaster-attributed deaths may contribute to designing and implementing emergency preparedness and response programmes. This paper introduces a three-step cluster analysis of multiple binary variables to investigate mortality patterns related to tropical cyclones. It is designed to overcome the difficulties of performing cluster analysis in a disaster database that is composed in part of nominal variables and is unavoidably incomplete owing to missing information. The first step in the process codes all variables as binary data in order to accommodate the nominal variables. The second step calculates Spearman's rank correlation coefficients for pairs of variables. And the third step subjects the correlation coefficients to cluster analysis. Data related to 1,575 deaths attributed to tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons) that struck Taiwan between 2000 and 2015 are used to illustrate the method. The results yield two distinct groups of variables that are worthy of further exploration. C1 [Chang, Kai-Chun] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Off Student Affairs, Div Psychol & Counseling, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Chang, Chiung-Ting] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Publ Affairs Management, 70 Lianhai Rd, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. 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Due to the contention-based channel access, achieving accurate synchronization in most of unlicensed wireless IoT networks could be extremely challenging. Specifically, the critical challenge at medium access control (MAC) layer for dense IoT communication is how to eliminate random access delay while supporting a large number of heterogeneous nodes with diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose an efficient MAC protocol for supporting distributed synchronization through guaranteed channel access for time-critical sensor nodes in dense wireless IoT networks. The proposed protocol assigns time slots to timestamp packets of the time-critical nodes using a prioritized channel access mechanism, and also guarantees channel access in event-based situations. In addition, the proposed protocol also provides deterministic scheduling for the scenarios where the delay bound of a certain priority traffic changes based on the circumstances of the emergency situation. Our results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the synchronization precision of the event critical sensor nodes, and also enhances the reliability of overall IoT networks. C1 [Bhandari, Sabin; Wang, Xianbin] Western Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada. RP Wang, XB (reprint author), Western Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada. EM sbhanda7@uwo.ca; xianbin.wang@uwo.ca OI Wang, Xianbin/0000-0003-4890-0748 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada DiscoveryNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2018-06254] FX This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery under Grant RGPIN-2018-06254. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Prof. Okyay Kaynak. (Corresponding author: Xianbin Wang.) 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C1 [Chen, Jian; Hori, Muneo] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama Inst Earth Sci, Kanazawa Ku, 3173-25 Showa Machi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. [Chen, Jian; O-tani, Hideyuki; Oishi, Satoru; Hori, Muneo] RIKEN, Ctr Computat Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6500047, Japan. [Takeyama, Tomohide; Oishi, Satoru] Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Hori, Muneo] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama Inst Earth Sci, Kanazawa Ku, 3173-25 Showa Machi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. EM jchen@jamstec.go.jp; h.o-tani@riken.jp; takeyama@people.kobe-u.ac.jp; tetsu@phoenix.kobe-u.ac.jp; horimune@jarnstec.go.jp FU FOCUS Establishing Supercomputing Center of Excellence; Council for Science, Technology and Innovatior(CSTI), Cross -ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), 'Enhancement of societal resiliency against natural disasters' (Funding agency: JST) FX This research was supported by the FOCUS Establishing Supercomputing Center of Excellence and the Council for Science, Technology and Innovatior(CSTI), Cross -ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), 'Enhancement of societal resiliency against natural disasters' (Funding agency: JST). This research used the computational resources of the K computer provided by RIKEN Center for Computational Science. 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PD AUG 14 PY 2019 VL 258 AR UNSP 105153 DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105153 PG 10 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA IU9NZ UT WOS:000483909000004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cagnazzo, C Nanni, O Arizio, F Franchina, V Cenna, R Tabaro, G Vannini, F Procopio, G Gori, S Di Costanzo, A AF Cagnazzo, Celeste Nanni, Oriana Arizio, Francesca Franchina, Veronica Cenna, Rosita Tabaro, Gianna Vannini, Francesca Procopio, Giuseppe Gori, Stefania Di Costanzo, Alessandro CA Working Grp AIOM CRC TI Phase I studies: a test bench for Italian clinical research SO TUMORI J LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Phase I studies; clinical research; requirements; self-certification; quality ID ONCOLOGY; BENEFITS; RISKS AB Background: The Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA) Determination 809/2015 sets all the requirements that clinical units and laboratories must meet in order to conduct phase I studies. Requirements include buildings, equipment, personnel, emergency management, as well as quality requirements defined in a set of standard operating procedures. Methods: In September 2018, the Italian Association of Medical Oncology working group, Clinical Research Coordinator, created an anonymous survey addressed to 51 medical directors of oncologic/hematologic clinical phase I units and all medical directors of generic and transversal units located in Italy and listed at the AIFA website. Results: Questionnaires from 24 institutions were collected, 9 previously inspected by competent authorities. All surveyed structures are certified to conduct profit studies and 1 is authorized to include healthy volunteers; 15 units implemented a Clinical Trial Quality Team in order to conduct nonprofit studies. At the time of data collection, a total of 398 proposals for phase I trials have been received, more than 50% coming from 3 institutes. 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[Franchina, Veronica] AO Papardo, UOC Oncol Med, Messina, Italy. [Tabaro, Gianna] Ctr Riferimento Oncol, CTO Direz Sci, Aviano, Italy. [Vannini, Francesca] Osped Santa Chiara, UO Oncol 1 & Oncol 2, Pisa, Italy. [Procopio, Giuseppe] Ist Nazl Tumori, Struttura Semplice Oncol Med Genitourinaria, Fdn IRCCS, Milan, Italy. [Gori, Stefania] Osped Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Oncol, Negrar, Italy. [Di Costanzo, Alessandro] Azienda Osped Univ Careggi, Oncol Med, Florence, Italy. RP Cagnazzo, C (reprint author), Presidio Osped Infantile Regina Margherita, Unita Ric & Sviluppo Clin SC Oncoematol Pediat, AOU Citta Salute & Sci, Piazza Polonia 4, Turin, Italy. 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AR 0300891619868008 DI 10.1177/0300891619868008 EA AUG 2019 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA IR1JH UT WOS:000481194600001 PM 31394978 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, XK Caragea, D Zhang, HY Imran, M AF Li, Xukun Caragea, Doina Zhang, Huaiyu Imran, Muhammad TI Localizing and quantifying infrastructure damage using class activation mapping approaches SO SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING LA English DT Article DE Image analysis; Convolutional neural networks (CNN); Class activation mapping (CAM) approaches; Damage localization; Bridge; building; and road damage AB Traditional post-disaster assessment of damage heavily relies on expensive geographic information system (GIS) data, especially remote sensing image data. In recent years, social media have become a rich source of disaster information that may be useful in assessing damage at a lower cost. Such information includes text (e.g., tweets) or images posted by eyewitnesses of a disaster. Most of the existing research explores the use of text in identifying situational awareness information useful for disaster response teams. The use of social media images to assess disaster damage is limited. We have recently proposed a novel approach, based on convolutional neural networks and class activation mapping, to locate building damage in a disaster image and to quantify the degree of the damage. In this paper, we study the usefulness of the proposed approach for other categories of infrastructure damage, specifically bridge and road damage, and compare two-class activation mapping approaches in this context. Experimental results show that our proposed approach enables the use of social network images for post-disaster infrastructure damage assessment and provides an inexpensive and feasible alternative to the more expensive GIS approach. C1 [Li, Xukun; Caragea, Doina] Kansas State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Huaiyu] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Imran, Muhammad] Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Qatar Comp Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. RP Caragea, D (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM xukun@ksu.edu; dcaragea@ksu.edu; huaiyu@ksu.edu; mimran@hbku.edu.qa FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF); Amazon Web Services [IIS-1741345] FX The computing for this project was performed using Amazon Web Services (AWS). We thank the National Science Foundation and Amazon Web Services for support from Grant IIS-1741345, which enabled the research and the computation in this study. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either express or implied, of the National Science Foundation or AWS. 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Netw. Anal. Min. PD AUG 8 PY 2019 VL 9 IS 1 AR 44 DI 10.1007/s13278-019-0588-4 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA IQ0VM UT WOS:000480469200001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Smith, GC Allard, R Babin, M Bertino, L Chevallier, M Corlett, G Crout, J Davidson, F Delille, B Gille, ST Hebert, D Hyder, P Intrieri, J Lagunas, J Larnicol, G Kaminski, T Kater, B Kauker, F Marec, C Mazloff, M Metzger, EJ Mordy, C O'Carroll, A Olsen, SM Phelps, M Posey, P Prandi, P Rehm, E Reid, P Rigor, I Sandven, S Shupe, M Swart, S Smedstad, OM Solomon, A Storto, A Thibaut, P Toole, J Wood, K Xie, JP Yang, QH AF Smith, Gregory C. Allard, Richard Babin, Marcel Bertino, Laurent Chevallier, Matthieu Corlett, Gary Crout, Julia Davidson, Fraser Delille, Bruno Gille, Sarah T. Hebert, David Hyder, Patrick Intrieri, Janet Lagunas, Jose Larnicol, Gilles Kaminski, Thomas Kater, Belinda Kauker, Frank Marec, Claudie Mazloff, Matthew Metzger, E. Joseph Mordy, Calvin O'Carroll, Anne Olsen, Steffen M. Phelps, Michael Posey, Pamela Prandi, Pierre Rehm, Eric Reid, Phillip Rigor, Ignatius Sandven, Stein Shupe, Matthew Swart, Sebastiaan Smedstad, Ole Martin Solomon, Amy Storto, Andrea Thibaut, Pierre Toole, John Wood, Kevin Xie, Jiping Yang, Qinghua CA WWRP PPP Steering Grp TI Polar Ocean Observations: A Critical Gap in the Observing System and Its Effect on Environmental Predictions From Hours to a Season SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE polar observations; operational oceanography; ocean data assimilation; ocean modeling; forecasting; sea ice; air-sea-ice fluxes; YOPP ID ICE MASS-BALANCE; ARCTIC-OCEAN; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; GLOBAL OCEAN; DATA ASSIMILATION; CANADA BASIN; EARTH SYSTEM; EDDY FIELD; THICKNESS; SATELLITE AB There is a growing need for operational oceanographic predictions in both the Arctic and Antarctic polar regions. In the former, this is driven by a declining ice cover accompanied by an increase in maritime traffic and exploitation of marine resources. Oceanographic predictions in the Antarctic are also important, both to support Antarctic operations and also to help elucidate processes governing sea ice and ice shelf stability. However, a significant gap exists in the ocean observing system in polar regions, compared to most areas of the global ocean, hindering the reliability of ocean and sea ice forecasts. This gap can also be seen from the spread in ocean and sea ice reanalyses for polar regions which provide an estimate of their uncertainty. The reduced reliability of polar predictions may affect the quality of various applications including search and rescue, coupling with numerical weather and seasonal predictions, historical reconstructions (reanalysis), aquaculture and environmental management including environmental emergency response. Here, we outline the status of existing near-real time ocean observational efforts in polar regions, discuss gaps, and explore perspectives for the future. Specific recommendations include a renewed call for open access to data, especially real-time data, as a critical capability for improved sea ice and weather forecasting and other environmental prediction needs. Dedicated efforts are also needed to make use of additional observations made as part of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP; 2017-2019) to inform optimal observing system design. To provide a polar extension to the Argo network, it is recommended that a network of ice-borne sea ice and upper-ocean observing buoys be deployed and supported operationally in ice-covered areas together with autonomous profiling floats and gliders (potentially with ice detection capability) in seasonally ice covered seas. Finally, additional efforts to better measure and parameterize surface exchanges in polar regions are much needed to improve coupled environmental prediction. C1 [Smith, Gregory C.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Environm Numer Predict Res Sect, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Allard, Richard; Hebert, David; Metzger, E. Joseph] US Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Bay St Louis, MS USA. [Babin, Marcel; Lagunas, Jose; Marec, Claudie; Rehm, Eric] Univ Laval, CNRS, UMI 3376, Takuvik, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Bertino, Laurent; Sandven, Stein; Xie, Jiping] Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Bergen, Norway. [Chevallier, Matthieu] Mateo France, Div Marine & Oceanog, Toulouse, France. [Chevallier, Matthieu] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, Meteo France, CNRM, Toulouse, France. [Corlett, Gary; O'Carroll, Anne] European Org Exploitat Meteorol Satellites, Darmstadt, Germany. [Crout, Julia; Phelps, Michael; Posey, Pamela; Smedstad, Ole Martin] Perspecta Inc, Stennis Space Ctr, Bay St Louis, MS USA. [Davidson, Fraser] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Ctr, St John, NF, Canada. [Delille, Bruno] Univ Liege, Chem Oceanog Unit, Liege, Belgium. [Gille, Sarah T.; Mazloff, Matthew] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Hyder, Patrick] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Intrieri, Janet; Shupe, Matthew] NOAA, Phys Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Larnicol, Gilles; Prandi, Pierre; Thibaut, Pierre] Collette Localisat Satellites, Toulouse, France. [Kaminski, Thomas] Invers Lab, Hamburg, Germany. [Kater, Belinda] Arcadis Nederland BV, Zwolle, Netherlands. [Kauker, Frank] Ocean Atmosphere Syst, Hamburg, Germany. [Kauker, Frank] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Bremerhaven, Germany. [Marec, Claudie] CNRS, Lab Oceanog Phys & Spatiale, UMR 6523, IFREMER,IRD,UBO, Piouzane, France. [Mordy, Calvin; Wood, Kevin] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Olsen, Steffen M.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Reid, Phillip] Bur Meteorol, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Rigor, Ignatius] Univ Washington, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Shupe, Matthew] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Swart, Sebastiaan] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Swart, Sebastiaan] Univ Cape Town, Dept Oceanog, Rondebosch, South Africa. [Solomon, Amy] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Storto, Andrea] Ctr Maritime Res & Expt, La Spezia, Italy. [Toole, John] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Yang, Qinghua] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Climate Change & Nat Disas, Sch Atmospher Sci, Zhuhai, Peoples R China. [WWRP PPP Steering Grp] Polar Predict Project PPP Steering Grp, WWRP, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Smith, GC (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Environm Numer Predict Res Sect, Dorval, PQ, Canada. EM Gregory.Smith2@canada.ca RI Jung, Thomas/J-5239-2012; Swart, Sebastiaan/U-5498-2017; Delille, Bruno/C-3486-2008 OI Jung, Thomas/0000-0002-2651-1293; Swart, Sebastiaan/0000-0002-2251-8826; Delille, Bruno/0000-0003-0502-8101 FU French project NAOS; ANRFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [111112]; CNESCentre National D'etudes Spatiales [131425]; IPEV [1164]; CSA; Fondation Total; ArcticNet; French Arctic Initiative (GreenEdge project); European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program [727890]; European Space AgencyEuropean Space Agency [4000117710/16/I-NB]; Wallenberg Academy Fellowship [WAF 2015.0186]; NAOS; Canadian Foundation for InnovationCanada Foundation for Innovation [FCI-30124]; LEFE; European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre; U.S. National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF); ONROffice of Naval Research; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [PLR-1425989, OCE 1658001]; NOAA ESRL Physical Sciences Division; CMEMS; WMO trust fund; AWIHelmholtz Association; NRL Research Option " Determining the Impact of Sea Ice Thickness on the Arctic's Naturally Changing Environment (DISTANCE), ONR 6.2 Data Assimilation [0602435N]; CNESCentre National D'etudes Spatiales; ESAEuropean Space Agency FX The development of the new generation of floats (PRO-ICE) to be operated under ice was funded by the French project NAOS. Twelve PRO-ICE were funded by NAOS and nine by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (FCI-30124). The GreenEdge project is funded by the following French and Canadian programs and agencies: ANR (Contract #111112), CNES (project #131425), IPEV (project #1164), CSA, Fondation Total, ArcticNet, LEFE and the French Arctic Initiative (GreenEdge project). The INTAROS project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under grant agreement No. 727890. The setup of the ArcMBA system and the experiment described in section "Quantitative Network Design" were funded by the European Space Agency through its support to science element (contract #4000117710/16/I-NB). SSw was supported by a Wallenberg Academy Fellowship (WAF 2015.0186). The work at CLS (GL, PPr, and PT) has been funded by internal investment, in relation with on-going CNES and ESA funded studies making use of radar data over Polar regions. EMODNET (BK) is funded by the European Commission. NRL Funding (for RA, JC, DH, EM, PPo, OS) provided by NRL Research Option " Determining the Impact of Sea Ice Thickness on the Arctic's Naturally Changing Environment (DISTANCE), ONR 6.2 Data Assimilation and under program element 0602435N (JC, RA, DH). JT's Arctic research activities are supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation and ONR. SG was funded by NSF grants/awards PLR-1425989 and OCE 1658001. IR is funded by contributors to the US IABP (including CG, DOE, NASA, NIC, NOAA, NSF, ONR). CAFS is supported by the NOAA ESRL Physical Sciences Division (AS and JI). LB and JX are funded by CMEMS. The WWRP PPP Steering Group is funded by a WMO trust fund with support from AWI for the ICO. The publication fee is provided by ECCC. 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PD AUG 6 PY 2019 VL 6 AR UNSP 429 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00429 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IN5RO UT WOS:000478734500001 PM 31534948 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mojir, KY Pilemalm, S Granberg, TA AF Mojir, Kayvan Yousefi Pilemalm, Sofie Granberg, Tobias Andersson TI Semi-professionals: emergency response as an additional task in current occupations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Network governance; Cross-sector collaboration with fire services; Semi-professionals ID CROSS-SECTOR COLLABORATIONS; CARDIAC-ARREST; GOVERNANCE NETWORKS; E-GOVERNMENT; CHALLENGES; OUTCOMES; RESCUE; DEFIBRILLATION; RESUSCITATION; INITIATIVES AB Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to identify occupational groups who can act as semi-professional first responders, in order to shorten the response times to frequent emergencies, and second, to identify related opportunities, challenges and needs of training, emergency supplies and information technology (IT) support. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was taken, combining future workshops, focus groups and an exercise. Network governance was used as an analytical lens. Findings The identified potential groups are security guards, home care personnel, fire services day personnel and facility service personnel. The results show that semi-professionals have a large potential to complement professional resources by carrying out first response or supportive actions vital to the emergency, partly by using already existing cars and equipment. The identified needs include additional basic equipment such as fire extinguishers and first-aid kits, training in basic firefighting, first aid and risk assessment, as well as mobile phone application-based IT support to manage alarms. The major challenges are organisational, economic and juridical, including ambiguities in responsibilities and related insurances. The analysis recognises the new collaboration as a hybrid form of hierarchical government and network governance. Originality/value The study provides a novel view of using semi-professional resources in emergency response, based on the joint perspectives of various occupational groups, and the fire services. C1 [Mojir, Kayvan Yousefi; Pilemalm, Sofie] Linkoping Univ, Dept Management & Engn, Linkoping, Sweden. [Granberg, Tobias Andersson] Linkoping Univ, Div Commun & Transport Syst ITN, Linkoping, Sweden. RP Mojir, KY (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Management & Engn, Linkoping, Sweden. EM kayvan.y.mojir@liu.se; sofie.pilemalm@liu.se; tobias.andersson@liu.se OI Granberg, Tobias/0000-0002-5868-2388 FU Norrkoping municipality; Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, through the research centre CARER (Center for Advanced Research in Emergency Response) FX This study was partly funded by Norrkoping municipality, and partly by the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, through the research centre CARER (Center for Advanced Research in Emergency Response). 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J. Emerg. Serv. PD AUG 5 PY 2019 VL 8 IS 2 BP 86 EP 107 DI 10.1108/IJES-11-2017-0059 PG 22 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IK6DY UT WOS:000476677000001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jayasekara, PK AF Jayasekara, Prasadi Kanchana TI Role of Facebook as a disaster communication media SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Social media; Sri Lanka; Facebook; Natural disaster; Crisis situation; Disaster communication ID SOCIAL MEDIA; INFORMATION-SEEKING; EARTHQUAKE; NETWORK AB Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the types of contents shared through Facebook during different phases of disaster management. Design/methodology/approach The primary data of this study were collected using the qualitative method. To acquire the necessary data, researcher selected 50 Sri Lankan Facebook users who can read and understand Sinhala with more than 1,000 friends using the snowball sampling method. Selected Facebook users had to collect Facebook posts related to flood during two weeks time period. Data were collected until it reached data saturation point. The collected Facebook posts were transcribed and translated into English. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the Facebook posts. Findings The most prominent use of Facebook for disaster communication can be observed in, during and post-disaster phases. In the during-disaster phase, people used Facebook to share posts related to disaster warning, request for help or rescue, share information about rescue missions, share contact numbers of rescue teams, request donation items, coordinate aid distribution, ask for volunteer work and to provide feedback about the ongoing funding programs. In the post-disaster phase, people used Facebook to request volunteer help for cleaning, to provide feedback about the progress and to ask about donating cleaning products. 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PD AUG 5 PY 2019 VL 8 IS 2 BP 191 EP 204 DI 10.1108/IJES-04-2018-0024 PG 14 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IK6DY UT WOS:000476677000008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Aslan, E Celik, M AF Aslan, Ece Celik, Melih TI Pre-positioning of relief items under road/facility vulnerability with concurrent restoration and relief transportation SO IISE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Disaster preparedness; inventory pre-positioning; relief transportation; network restoration; stochastic programming; sample average approximation ID DISASTER RESPONSE FACILITIES; LOGISTICS NETWORK DESIGN; LOCATION-ROUTING PROBLEM; HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS; STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION; EMERGENCY SUPPLIES; OR/MS RESEARCH; MODEL; OPERATIONS; DECISIONS AB Planning for response to sudden-onset disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or floods needs to take into account the inherent uncertainties regarding the disaster and its impacts on the affected people as well as the logistics network. This article focuses on the design of a multi-echelon humanitarian response network, where the pre-disaster decisions of warehouse location and item pre-positioning are subject to uncertainties in relief item demand and vulnerability of roads and facilities following the disaster. Once the disaster strikes, relief transportation is accompanied by simultaneous repair of blocked roads, which delays the transportation process, but gradually increases the connectivity of the network at the same time. A two-stage stochastic program is formulated to model this system and a Sample Average Approximation (SAA) scheme is proposed for its heuristic solution. To enhance the efficiency of the SAA algorithm, we introduce a number of valid inequalities and bounds on the objective value. Computational experiments on a potential earthquake scenario in Istanbul, Turkey show that the SAA scheme is able to provide an accurate approximation of the objective function in reasonable time, and can help drive policy-based implications that may be applicable in preparation for similar potential disasters. C1 [Aslan, Ece] Middle East Tech Univ, Ind Engn, Ankara, Turkey. [Celik, Melih] Univ Bath, Sch Management, Bath, Avon, England. RP Celik, M (reprint author), Univ Bath, Sch Management, Bath, Avon, England. 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PD AUG 3 PY 2019 VL 51 IS 8 SI SI BP 847 EP 868 DI 10.1080/24725854.2018.1540900 PG 22 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA ID9ZA UT WOS:000472044800004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yu, LN Yang, HS Miao, LX Zhang, CR AF Yu, Lina Yang, Huasheng Miao, Lixin Zhang, Canrong TI Rollout algorithms for resource allocation in humanitarian logistics SO IISE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian logistics; resource allocation; human suffering; approximate dynamic programming; rollout algorithm ID OUTBOUND CONTAINERS; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; QUICK RESPONSE; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; FOOD; ASSIGNMENT; EQUITY AB Large-scale disasters and catastrophic events typically result in a significant shortage of critical resources, posing a great challenge to allocating limited resources among different affected areas to improve the quality of emergency logistics operations. This article pays attention to the performance of resource allocation, which includes three metrics: efficiency, effectiveness, and equity, respectively corresponding to economic cost, service quality, and fairness. In particular, the effectiveness metric considers human suffering by depicting it as deprivation cost, an economic valuation measurement that has been recently proposed and the equity metric concerns about the service equality at the end of planning horizon. A nonlinear integer model is first proposed and then an equivalent dynamic programming model is developed to avoid the nonlinear terms created by the introduction of the deprivation cost. The dynamic programming method can solve small-scale problems to optimality but meets difficulty when solving medium- and large-scale problems, due to the curse of dimensionality. Therefore, an approximate dynamic programming algorithm, called the rollout algorithm, is proposed to overcome this computational difficulty. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is theoretically analyzed. Furthermore, a modified version of the rollout algorithm is presented, with its computational complexity analyzed. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithms, and the experimental results demonstrate that the initially proposed rollout algorithm yields optimal or near-optimal solutions within a reasonable amount of time. In addition, the impacts of some important parameters are investigated and managerial insights are drawn. C1 [Yu, Lina; Yang, Huasheng; Miao, Lixin] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yu, Lina; Miao, Lixin; Zhang, Canrong] Tsinghua Univ, Grad Sch Shenzen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, CR (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Grad Sch Shenzen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. EM crzhang@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71472108, 71771130]; Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Committee [JCYJ20160531195231085, JCYJ20170412171044606] FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 71472108 and 71771130 and the Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Committee under grants JCYJ20160531195231085 and JCYJ20170412171044606. CR Apte A., 2010, TECHNOLOGY INFORM OP, V3, P1 Balcik B, 2008, J INTELL TRANSPORT S, V12, P51, DOI 10.1080/15472450802023329 Barbarosoglu G, 2004, J OPER RES SOC, V55, P43, DOI 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601652 Barbarosoglu G, 2002, EUR J OPER RES, V140, P118, DOI 10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00222-3 Bertsekas D. 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PD AUG 3 PY 2019 VL 51 IS 8 SI SI BP 887 EP 909 DI 10.1080/24725854.2017.1417655 PG 23 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA ID9ZA UT WOS:000472044800006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wilson, MT AF Wilson, Michael T. TI Assessing voluntary resilience standards and impacts of flood risk information SO BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Floods; resilience; climate change; urban planning and design ID CLIMATE; ADAPTATION AB Voluntary resilience standards are an emerging tool for cities to incentivize developers to incorporate climate change adaptation strategies. Urban planners and researchers, however, are still assessing their relative impacts on the design of recent large-scale development projects. This paper answers the question of whether, and at what scale, anticipated changes to mapped flood risk are associated with mitigation actions to accommodate climate change. A case study of the Climate Change Preparedness and Resiliency Checklist in Boston, Massachusetts presents a database of 171 unique survey responses from 104 proposed projects. Comparing developments with documentation to an internal subset of 54 projects in the Boston Planning and Development Agency's projected Sea Level Rise - Flood Hazard Area (SLR-FHA), this paper finds projects impacted by updated Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) are associated with different building uses, higher sea level rise assumptions and greater abilities to endure inundation. There are also neighbourhood-level differences in climate expertise and the projects' ability to withstand utility disruption. Both of these observed impacts may have important implications for the formulation and application of voluntary resilience standards in other coastal cities. C1 [Wilson, Michael T.] RAND Corp, Boston, MA 02116 USA. 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T., 2019, RISK HAZARDS CRISIS, DOI [10.1002/rhc3.12166, DOI 10.1002/RHC3.12166] Wilson M. T., 2018, BOSTON CLIMATE CHANG, DOI [10.7910/DVN/H5ZXHC, DOI 10.7910/DVN/H5ZXHC] Wing OEJ, 2018, ENVIRON RES LETT, V13, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aaac65 Wormser J., 2017, COMMUNICATION 0419 Wright K., 2017, VOLUNTARY RESILIENCE Yin R. K, 2009, CASE STUDY RES DESIG NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0961-3218 EI 1466-4321 J9 BUILD RES INF JI Build. Res. Informat. PD JAN 2 PY 2020 VL 48 IS 1 BP 84 EP 100 DI 10.1080/09613218.2019.1642731 EA AUG 2019 PG 17 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA JB8AH UT WOS:000479891700001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Powers, M Begg, Z Smith, G Miles, E AF Powers, Molly Begg, Zulfikar Smith, Grant Miles, Elaine TI Lessons From the Pacific Ocean Portal: Building Pacific Island Capacity to Interpret, Apply, and Communicate Ocean Information SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Pacific Islands; capacity building; SIDS; portal; ocean outlook AB The need for improved access to ocean observations for Pacific Island countries (PICs) and territories has been increasingly recognized over the last decade, particularly in the face of a changing climate. Although more remote sensing and in situ data are available than ever before, however, oceanographic, and marine forecasting expertise in the region is limited. To support capacity building in these areas, the Climate and Oceans Support Program in the Pacific (COSPPac) has engaged with partners in the National Meteorological Services (NMS) and other relevant agencies in 14 Pacific Island nations, to identify priorities and to develop tools and training to address these needs. A key tool is the online Pacific Ocean Portal. With a focus on the Pacific Islands region, this website provides ocean data relevant to a range of sectors and applications such as tourism, fishing, shipping, coastal inundation, and environmental management. Via a user-friendly interface, the portal serves up data from a variety of sources including near real-time observations, historical information and forecast data. Training modules have been designed for portal users and delivery has gone hand-in-hand with in-country stakeholder engagement workshops, allowing sector users to make requests for ocean information products. Eight workshops have been delivered from November 2015 to June 2018, training a total of 97 NMS staff and 116 ocean sector stakeholders including port authorities, disaster management, tourism, fisheries, community leaders, and many more. As a result, five Pacific Island NMSs (Tonga, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Samoa, and Vanuatu) are now producing monthly Ocean Outlooks, guided by the needs of in-country stakeholders. Outlooks are tailored for each country and can include forecasts such as sea surface temperature, coral bleaching, and sea level, as well as information about current chlorophyll conditions, wind, and wave climate. C1 [Powers, Molly; Begg, Zulfikar] Pacific Community SPC, Suvs, Fiji. [Smith, Grant; Miles, Elaine] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Powers, M (reprint author), Pacific Community SPC, Suvs, Fiji. EM mollyp@spc.int OI Smith, Grant/0000-0003-4692-6565 CR Appeltans W., 2016, BIODIVERSITY BASELIN Bax NJ, 2018, FRONT MAR SCI, V5, DOI 10.3389/fmars.2018.00346 Commonwealth of Australia, 2012, CLIM OC SUPP PROGR P Eria M., 2016, MARITIME SAFETY CAUT Iwamoto M., 2017, JOURNAL, V50, P47, DOI [10.4031/MTSJ.50.3.2, DOI 10.4031/MTSJ.50.3.2] McGree S, 2014, INT J CLIMATOL, V34, P2775, DOI 10.1002/joc.3874 Pacific Community, 2018, OC TID WORKSH MAK IM Pacific Community, 2018, PAC COMM CTR OC SCI Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS), 2018, 49 PAC ISL FOR COMM Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS), 2017, STAT PAC REG REP 201 Potemra J, 2017, ADV ENV ENG GREEN TE, P253, DOI 10.4018/978-1-5225-0700-0.ch011 Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), 2017, PAC ISL MET STRAT 20 Thompson E., 2012, PACIFIC ISLANDS CLIM Tonga Meteorological Service (TMS), 2018, TONG OC OUTL WMO, 2014, IMPL PLAN GLOB FRAM NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD AUG 2 PY 2019 VL 6 AR UNSP 476 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00476 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IN5RA UT WOS:000478733100001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ahmad, N Noor, NM Amat, S AF Ahmad, Norazura Noor, Norhayati Mohd Amat, Salleh TI Self-awareness and self-care among counselors who age disaster crisis counseling interventions in Malaysia SO RELIGACION-REVISTA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES LA English DT Article DE Self-awareness; Self-care; Counseling crisis; Crisis disaster; Personnel quality AB Self-awareness is a prerequisite for counselors before participating in disaster crisis management. Counselors admit that before assisting others, it is essential for them to be mindful of their own competence to allow them to administer any possible tragedy. Hence, this study is anticipated to delve into self-awareness and self-care competency among experienced counselors in handling disaster crisis counseling interventions in Malaysia. Qualitative research studies adopting case study design in this study were chosen to answer the research questions. Data collection employing in-depth interview techniques, document analysis and field observations. A total of 13 study respondents were picked based on the criteria fixed within the three key agencies who are responsible for disaster management in Malaysia. Data were collected and analyzed thematically using NVIVO 12 Plus software. This study has acknowledged three competencies that the counselors construe while performing tasks such as health; personal needs; and safety. All these three competencies are personal criteria of quality that a crisis counselor possess. The stability of these three elements of psychology permits crisis counselors to carry out tasks peacefully and productively. The content of the competencies found can he adopted by discrete related parties for the improvement of modules, guidelines, measurement tests, and course curricula to intensify counselor competence. C1 [Ahmad, Norazura; Noor, Norhayati Mohd; Amat, Salleh] Natl Univ Malaysia, Fac Educ, Bangi, Malaysia. RP Ahmad, N (reprint author), Natl Univ Malaysia, Fac Educ, Bangi, Malaysia. EM norazura.bakappsi@gmail.com; norhayati@ukm.edu.my; sallehba@ukm.edu.my CR Bogdan R. C., 2003, QUALITATIVE RES ED I Chapman C. L, 2017, THESIS Creswell J. W., 2018, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY Echterling L. G., 2005, CRISIS INTERVENTION Lating J. M., 2017, J HOPKINS GUIDE PSYC Leider JP, 2017, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V107, pE1, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303882 Miles M. B., 2014, QUALITATIVE DATA ANA Paige M., 2015, THESIS Prati G, 2010, ANXIETY STRESS COPIN, V23, P463, DOI 10.1080/10615800903431699 Wicks R. J., 2005, OVERCOMING SECONDARY Yin K. R, 2014, CASE STUDY RES DESIG NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTRO INVESTIGACIONES CIENCIAS SOCIALES & HUMANIDADES PI QUITO PA MOLLES N 49-59 & OLIVOS, QUITO, CP 170515, ECUADOR SN 2477-9083 J9 RELIGACION JI Religacion PD AUG PY 2019 VL 4 IS 18 SI SI BP 445 EP 450 PG 6 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA JB0ER UT WOS:000488224600007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ahmad, N Noor, NM Amat, S AF Ahmad, Norazura Noor, Norhayati Mohd Amat, Salleh TI Multicultural communication among counselors administering disaster crisis counseling intervention in Malaysia SO RELIGACION-REVISTA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES LA English DT Article DE Multicultural crisis communication; Effective communication; Counseling intervention; Crisis; Disaster AB Multicultural communication is employed during crisis counseling interventions by counselors who are either positioned at the evacuation center or after the intervention once clients returned to their homes. Counselors arc portrayed as individuals who arc accountable for reinstating psychological balance by adopting functional communication during crisis situations. Qualitative research studies adopting case study design were employed to answer the research questions. The process of gathering data adopted extensive interview techniques, document analysis and field observations. A total of 13 study participants were chosen based on the criteria fixed in the three key agencies who arc accountable for disaster management in Malaysia. Data were collected and examined thematically using NVIVO 12 Plus software. This study has proven that multicultural communication is a crucial element of communication during crisis circumstances appropriate to client applicability throughout crisis counseling intervention carried out either verbally or non-verbally. Multicultural crisis communication is employed completely during the client-counselor relationship consistent to the client's psychological appositeness. This potent communication is in accordance with the Malaysian community of various religions, races and cultures such that the intervention is felt by the client. C1 [Ahmad, Norazura; Noor, Norhayati Mohd; Amat, Salleh] Natl Univ Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. RP Ahmad, N (reprint author), Natl Univ Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia. EM norazura.bakappsi@gmail.com; norhayati@ukm.edu.my; sallehba@ukm.edu.my CR Ahmad Jazimin J, 2018, INT J CHOICE THEORY, V37, P75 Biklen S. K, 2007, QUALITATIVE RES ED I Bowman SL, 2011, COUNS PSYCHOL, V39, P1160, DOI 10.1177/0011000010397934 Chapman C. L, 2017, THESIS Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP), 2009, 2009 AT Creswell J. W., 2018, QUALITATIVE INQUIRY Hoff L. A, 2011, PEOPLE CRISIS CLIN D Kriyantono R, 2012, PUBLIC RELATIONS CRI Leviton S. C., 2002, J POLICE CRISIS NEGO, V2, P21 Lodge M, 2014, RATIONAL TOOLS GOVT Mehrabian A, 1971, SILENT MESSAGES Miles M. B., 2014, QUALITATIVE DATA ANA Ratts MJ, 2016, J MULTICULT COUNS D, V44, P28, DOI 10.1002/jmcd.12035 Sue D. W., 1994, J COUNS DEV, V70, P477 Sue D. W., 2013, COUNSELING CULTURALL Yang B, 2011, THESIS Yeo J, 2017, GLOBAL ENCY PUBLIC A, P1 Yin K. R, 2014, CASE STUDY RES DESIG NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTRO INVESTIGACIONES CIENCIAS SOCIALES & HUMANIDADES PI QUITO PA MOLLES N 49-59 & OLIVOS, QUITO, CP 170515, ECUADOR SN 2477-9083 J9 RELIGACION JI Religacion PD AUG PY 2019 VL 4 IS 18 SI SI BP 523 EP 528 PG 6 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA JB0ER UT WOS:000488224600016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU AlAqad, KF Burhanuddin, MA Harum, NB AF AlAqad, Khaled F. Burhanuddin, M. A. Harum, Norharyati Binti TI Analysis of Routing Requirements Satisfaction of General Ad Hoc Routing Protocols in disaster Response Networks SO RELIGACION-REVISTA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES LA English DT Article DE Ad hoc networks; Disaster Response networks; Routing Requirements; smart computing ID PERFORMANCE AB Ad hoc networks are increasingly becoming a popular research area due to the rapid growth in demands for such type of networks including civil, military industrial, agricultural, medical and industrial applications, they are a type of infrastructure-less autonomous networks that can be rapidly deployed anywhere and anytime, participating nudes of Ad Hoc networks are mobile, small form-factor devices equipped with wireless interfaces, their decentralized nature enables the participating nodes to individually act as a mobile router and communicate with other participating nodes to send and receive data packets in the area of applications, Routing is one of the most challenging tasks in such a situation, since it determines-up to a large extent- the performance of the network after deployment, a large variety of routing protocols exist for Ad hoc networks but DRNs circumstances were not considered in the design of any of these protocols, in other words, these protocols were designed for applications other than DRNs, due to their nature, DRNs impose a specific set of routing requirements that are to be satisfied in routing protocols operating the deployed Ad hoc network, in this paper, we aim to study 20 of the most common touting protocols of Ad hoc networks and theoretically analyze their performance from the perspective of DRNs routing requirements and figure out the validity of each protocol for implementation in DRNs, we also aim to highlight other routing requirements to be considered in the design on future routing protocols. The paper will be organized as follows : section 1 introduces the main concepts regarding touting in disaster response networks DRNs, section 2 summarized the related work done in this era, section 3 provides a brief description of Ad hoc touting protocols, section 4 analyses the performance of these protocols in a tabular format from routing requirements perspective, analysis discussion is introduced in section 5, finally, conclusion and future works are introduced in section 6. C1 [AlAqad, Khaled F.] Adv Mfg Ctr, Mukhalid, Palestine. [Burhanuddin, M. A.; Harum, Norharyati Binti] Univ Tekn Malaysia Melaka, Fac Informat & Commun Technol, Durian Tunggal, Malaysia. RP AlAqad, KF (reprint author), Adv Mfg Ctr, Mukhalid, Palestine. EM k.alaqad@cst.ps FU FRGS grant [FRGS/2018/FTMK-CACT/F00388]; Advanced Manufacturing Centre, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Centre for Research & Innovation Management, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka FX The authors would like to thank Advanced Manufacturing Centre, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Centre for Research & Innovation Management, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for providing the facilities, Zamallah and full support for this research. This study is carried out under FRGS grant number (FRGS/2018/FTMK-CACT/F00388). CR Al-Akaidi M, 2007, IET COMMUN, V1, P173, DOI 10.1049/iet-com:20060273 Al-Dhief FT, 2019, J KING SAUD UNIV-COM, V31, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.jksuci.2017.12.005 Al-Qassas R. 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One such initiative is the early notification of residents within a specific area about the risk of a particular calamity. Nowadays, the prevalence of mobile devices enables the installation of various mobile applications allowing for the communication and receiving of information about potential dangers. In many countries there are variously developed systems of notification in place based specifically on text messages. Methods Currently, new laws introduced in Poland establish that it is the obligation of operators of mobile networks to send text messages to all customers of these networks who are within the area where there is a serious risk of a catastrophe. Such messages are in the form of a short alert, to be sent only in extraordinary situations when there is an immediate threat to health or life. The alert is intended to help in the avoidance of danger or to mitigate its impact. Results This article presents the potential implementation of the early warning system based on text message alerts in Poland, and in particular focuses on decreasing the risks associated with natural disasters. Conclusions While early text messaging is essential to disaster communications and mitigation, the article further states that means must be found to ensure equal access to the most vulnerable populations and all those, vulnerable and not, who do not have immediate access to text messaging systems. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:709-712) C1 [Goniewicz, Krzysztof] Polish Air Force Acad, Dept Secur Studies, Dywizjonu 303 St,35, PL-08521 Deblin, Poland. [Burkle, Frederick M., Jr.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Humanitarian Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Goniewicz, K (reprint author), Polish Air Force Acad, Dept Secur Studies, Dywizjonu 303 St,35, PL-08521 Deblin, Poland. EM k.goniewicz@law.mil.pl RI Goniewicz, Krzysztof/G-1480-2012 OI Goniewicz, Krzysztof/0000-0003-4368-6850 CR [Anonymous], 2017, BBC, V4, P21, DOI DOI 10.1017/wpt.2016.12 [Anonymous], KRAKOW POST Bean H, 2015, REV COMMUN, V5, P60, DOI DOI 10.1080/15358593.2015.1014402 Bean H, 2016, J CONTING CRISIS MAN, V24, P136, DOI 10.1111/1468-5973.12108 Beratarrechea A, 2014, TELEMED E-HEALTH, V20, P75, DOI 10.1089/tmj.2012.0328 Burkle FM, 2016, DISASTER MED PUBLIC, V10, P296, DOI 10.1017/dmp.2016.27 Deichmann U, 2016, WILL DIGITAL TECHNOL, DOI [https://doi. org/10. 1596/1813-9450-7669, DOI 10.1596/1813-9450-7669] Deitchman S, 2018, HEALTH SECUR, V16, P213, DOI 10.1089/hs.2018.0014 Jaworska M, 2017, METODY ILOSCIOWE BAD, V18, P451 Kyriacos U, 2014, PLOS ONE, V9, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087073 Piepiora Z, 2016, ACSR ADV COMPUT, V30, P194 Richardson Thomas, 2018, PLoS Curr, V10, DOI 10.1371/currents.dis.47581b109e865f7b64d831f86a7fd7f4 Sevim C, 2014, EUR J OPER RES, V237, P1095, DOI 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.02.047 Warzecha K, 2015, ORG ZARZADZANIE KWAR, V4, P145 Zia A, 2015, INT J DISAST RISK SC, V6, P189, DOI 10.1007/s13753-015-0048-3 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 13 IS 4 BP 709 EP 712 AR PII S1935789318001714 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.171 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IY1RX UT WOS:000486170500013 PM 30869064 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ahmad, J Ahmad, MM Rodriguez, EE AF Ahmad, Junaid Ahmad, Mokbul Morshed Espigares Rodriguez, Elena TI Earthquake-Induced Injuries: Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis of the 2015 Hindu Kush Earthquake in Pakistan SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE community health; community medicine; disaster management; disaster medicine; earthquakes; natural disasters; wounds and injuries ID KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE; NATURAL DISASTERS; TRAUMA PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; DEATH; VICTIMS; PATTERN; ARMENIA; EXAMPLE AB Objective The aim of this study was to analyze retrospectively the earthquake-induced injuries caused by the October 2015 Hindu Kush earthquake in Pakistan. This is the first population-based study to assess epidemiologically earthquake-induced injuries in the Hindu Kush region, one of the world's most mountainous and seismically active regions. Unfortunately, only limited studies have investigated the earthquake-induced injuries and deaths in the region epidemiologically. Methods The 5 worst affected districts were selected according to the highest number of deaths and injuries recorded. A total of 1,790 injuries and 232 deaths were reported after the 2015 earthquake. In our study area, 391 persons were recorded and verified to have been injured as a result of the earthquake. We attempted to investigate all of the 391 injured people, but the final study looked at 346 subjects because the remaining 45 subjects could not be traced because of the non-availability of their complete records and their refusal to participate in the study. Results Using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD 10), we found that the highest number - 20.23% (70 of 346) - of injuries in the earthquake fall in the class of "Injuries to an unspecified part of trunk, limb, or body region (T08-T14)." The class of "Injuries to knee and lower leg (S80-S89)," which count 15.61% (54 out of 346), followed it, and "Injuries involving multiple body regions (T00-T07)" were making 14.74% of total injuries (51 out of 346). Conclusion In times of natural disasters like earthquakes, collecting and analyzing real-time data can be challenging. Therefore, a retrospective data analysis of deaths and injuries induced by the earthquake is of high importance. Studies in these emerging domains will be crucial to initiate health policy debates and to prevent and mitigate future injuries and deaths. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;13:732-739). C1 [Ahmad, Junaid] Asian Inst Technol, Dept Dev & Sustainabil, Disaster Preparedness Mitigat & Management, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand. [Ahmad, Mokbul Morshed] Asian Inst Technol, Sch Environm Resources & Dev, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand. [Espigares Rodriguez, Elena] Univ Granada, Fac Farm, Dept Med Prevent & Salud Publ, Campus Univ Cartuja, Granada, Spain. RP Ahmad, J (reprint author), Asian Inst Technol, Dept Dev & Sustainabil, Disaster Preparedness Mitigat & Management, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand. EM Junaid.ahmad@ait.asia RI AHMAD, JUNAID/M-7336-2016 OI AHMAD, JUNAID/0000-0002-8580-7529 FU Higher Education Commission of PakistanHigher Education Commission of Pakistan; Erasmus Mundus FX The primary author is thankful to the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for funding the author's doctoral study. Also, many thanks are given to the University of Granada (Spain) and Erasmus Mundus for funding the research mobility collaboration between the coauthors, which otherwise would not have been possible. 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 13 IS 4 BP 732 EP 739 AR PII S1935789318001349 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.134 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IY1RX UT WOS:000486170500016 PM 30591085 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Morelli, S Del Soldato, M Bianchini, S Pazzi, V Krymbi, E Shpori, E Casagli, N AF Morelli, Stefano Del Soldato, Matteo Bianchini, Silvia Pazzi, Veronica Krymbi, Ervis Shpori, Eriklida Casagli, Nicola TI Detection of Seasonal Inundations by Satellite Data at Shkoder Urban Area, North Albania for Sustainable Management SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Western Balkans; radar applications; inundation mapping; Sentinel-1; Sentinel-2; spatial planning ID FLOOD DETECTION; COMMUNITIES; LEVEL; DAJC AB The European Space Agency satellites Sentinel-1 radar and Sentinel-2 optical data are widely used in water surface mapping and management. In this work, we exploit the potentials of both radar and optical images for satellite-based quick detection and extent mapping of inundations/water raising events over Shkoder area, which occurred in the two last years (2017-2018). For instance, in March 2018 the Shkoder district (North Albania) was affected twice by the overflow of the Drin and Buna (Bojana) Rivers and by the Shkoder lake plain inundation. Sentinel-1 radar data allowed a rapid mapping of seasonal fluctuations and provided flood extent maps by discriminating water surfaces (permanent water and flood areas) from land/non-flood areas over all the informal zones of Shkoder city. By means of Sentinel-2 data, two color composites maps were produced and the Normalized Difference Water Index was estimated, in order to further distinguish water/moisturized soil surfaces from built-up and vegetated areas. The obtained remote sensing-based maps were combined and discussed with the urban planning framework in order to support a sustainable urban and environmental management. The provided multi-temporal analysis could be easily exploited by the local authorities for flood prevention and management purposes in the inherited territorial context. The proposed approach outputs were validated by comparing them with official Copernicus EMS (Emergency Management Service) maps available for one of the chosen events. The comparison shows good accordance results. As for a further enhancement in the future perspective, it is worth to highlight that a more accurate result could be obtained by performing a post-processing edit to further refine the flooded areas, such as water mask application and supervised classification to filter out isolated flood elements, to remove possible water-lookalikes and weed out false positives. C1 [Morelli, Stefano; Del Soldato, Matteo; Bianchini, Silvia; Pazzi, Veronica] Univ Firenze, Dept Earth Sci, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Krymbi, Ervis; Shpori, Eriklida; Casagli, Nicola] Univ Shkoder Luigj Gurakuqi, Dept Geog, Shkoder 4001, Albania. RP Morelli, S (reprint author), Univ Firenze, Dept Earth Sci, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM stefano.morelli@unifi.it RI Morelli, Stefano/C-3842-2018 OI Morelli, Stefano/0000-0001-8069-3609; Casagli, Nicola/0000-0002-8684-7848; PAZZI, VERONICA/0000-0002-9191-0346 CR Asch K., 2003, GEOLOGISCHES JB A, P172 Bioresita F, 2018, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V10, DOI 10.3390/rs10020217 Bogdani M., 2008, P 2 INT WORKSH HYDR, P155 Chapman B, 2015, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V7, P5440, DOI 10.3390/rs70505440 Clement MA, 2018, J FLOOD RISK MANAG, V11, P152, DOI 10.1111/jfr3.12303 Dione D.P.R., 2017, REDUCING FLOOD RISK Fusto F., 2012, P BALWOIS 2012 5 INT, V20120118, P1 Geudtner D, 2014, INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE, P1457, DOI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946711 Grimaldi S, 2016, SURV GEOPHYS, V37, P977, DOI 10.1007/s10712-016-9378-y Grimmett R.F.A., 1989, ICBP TECHNICAL PUBLI, V9, P889 Jung HC, 2010, EARTH SURF PROC LAND, V35, P294, DOI 10.1002/esp.1914 KASTRATOVIC V, 2015, KRAGUJEV J SCI, V37, P123 Krymbi E., 2018, BALK J INTERDISCIP R, V4, P21 Lu J, 2014, REMOTE SENS LETT, V5, P240, DOI 10.1080/2150704X.2014.898190 Lushaj B., 2016, ONLINE INT INTERDISC, V6, P418 Matgen P, 2011, PHYS CHEM EARTH, V36, P241, DOI 10.1016/j.pce.2010.12.009 McFeeters SK, 1996, INT J REMOTE SENS, V17, P1425, DOI 10.1080/01431169608948714 Meon G., 2013, ASSESSMENT STUDY GAP Morelli S, 2014, APPL GEOGR, V54, P35, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.06.032 Pazzi V, 2015, REND ONLINE SOC GEOL, V35, P228, DOI 10.3301/ROL.2015.107 Pazzi V, 2016, GEOMAT NAT HAZ RISK, V7, P971, DOI 10.1080/19475705.2015.1004374 Peel MC, 2007, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V11, P1633, DOI 10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 Pei V., 2018, HDB ENV CHEM, V80 Pesic V, 2013, ZOOKEYS, P69, DOI 10.3897/zookeys.281.4409 Pojani E., 2010, P BALWOIS 2010 4 INT, P1 Prendi F., 1998, ILIRIA, V28, P73, DOI [10.3406/iliri.1998.1690, DOI 10.3406/ILIRI.1998.1690] Pulvirenti L, 2016, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V54, P1532, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2015.2482001 Qirko K., 2008, P GLOB LAND TOOL NET Radoux J, 2016, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V8, DOI 10.3390/rs8060488 Radulovi M., 2016, KARST BOUNDARIES, P93 Radulovic M, 2015, ENVIRON EARTH SCI, V74, P71, DOI 10.1007/s12665-015-4090-7 Rustja D, 2011, HRVAT GEORGR GLAS, V73, P81 Schlaffer S, 2015, INT J APPL EARTH OBS, V38, P15, DOI 10.1016/j.jag.2014.12.001 Schreier G., 1993, SAR GEOCODING DATA S, P103 Schumann G, 2009, REV GEOPHYS, V47, DOI 10.1029/2008RG000274 Schumann G, 2009, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V47, P2801, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2009.2017937 TSENKOVA S., 2010, URBANI IZZIV, V21, P73, DOI DOI 10.5379/URBANI-IZZIV-EN-2010-21-02-001 Twele A, 2016, INT J REMOTE SENS, V37, P2990, DOI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1192304 NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND EI 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD AUG PY 2019 VL 11 IS 16 AR 4454 DI 10.3390/su11164454 PG 20 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IV7UO UT WOS:000484472500197 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shi, YJ Zhai, GF Xu, LH Zhu, Q Deng, JY AF Shi, Yijun Zhai, Guofang Xu, Lihua Zhu, Quan Deng, Jinyang TI Planning Emergency Shelters for Urban Disasters: A Multi-Level Location-Allocation Modeling Approach SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Emergency shelters; multi-level location models; services scope; small mountain city ID GIS AB In recent years, cities are threatened by various natural hazards. Planning emergency shelters in advance is an effective approach to reducing the damage caused by disasters and ensuring the safety of residents. Thus, providing the optimal layout of urban emergency shelters is an important stage of disaster management and an act of humanitarian logistics. In order to study the optimal layout of emergency shelters in small mountain cities, this paper constructs multi-level location models for different grades of emergency shelters so as to minimize the travel and construction costs and maximize the coverage rate. Specifically, the actual service of emergency shelters is determined using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and Weighted Voronoi Diagram (WVD) models under the limitation of site capacity, and the space layout is adjusted through combining the actual urban land with the construction position. In this paper, the Jianchuan county seat at Yunnan Province, China, was considered as a case study to illustrate the models of emergency shelters in which the feasibility of the presented models is verified. The proposed research methods and models have provided theoretical basis and a benchmark for the optimal layout of emergency shelters in other small mountain cities. C1 [Shi, Yijun; Xu, Lihua; Zhu, Quan] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Sch Landscape Architecture, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Zhai, Guofang] Nanjing Univ, Sch Architecture & Urban Planning, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Deng, Jinyang] West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Shi, YJ (reprint author), Zhejiang A&F Univ, Sch Landscape Architecture, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM yijun_shi@zafu.edu.cn RI Shi, Yijun/V-1062-2019 OI Shi, Yijun/0000-0003-3099-4379 FU Humanities and Social Science Project of Ministry of education of China [18YJAZH151]; Zhejiang A F University [W20190029] FX This research was funded by the Humanities and Social Science Project of Ministry of education of China (grant number: 18YJAZH151) and the Research and Development Fund and Talent Startup Project of Zhejiang A& F University (grant number: W20190029). 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Characteristics of damages, their localization, and other factors that influence repair sequencing have a sound impact on the execution of such tasks. In the case of the most complex cases where numerous failures of different types occur at the very same time (i.e., due to earthquakes), there is a long list of selection criteria that have to be analyzed to deliver an objectively logical schedule for repair teams. In this article, authors attempt to find out if it is possible to define pipe rankings in having obtained the best factors for defined objective functions (criteria), making it feasible to deliver judicious repair sequencing. For the purposes of this paper, a survey has been carried out. Its conclusions made it possible to propose a method to create rankings of pipes and evaluate them using a selected multicriteria decision method: preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE). The work was carried out for five different disaster scenarios that had been supplied by The Battle of Post-Disaster Response and Restoration' organization committee. Obtained results might be further used to finetune this sequencing method of undertaken repairs, while conclusions could be useful to model similar events in WDS when required. This article is an extended paper based on the conference preprint presented at the 1st International Water Distribution Systems Analysis (WDSA)/International Computing & Control for the Water Industry (CCWI) Joint Conference in July 23-25, 2018 in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. C1 [Balut, Alicja; Brodziak, Rafal; Bylka, Jedrzej] Poznan Univ Tech, Inst Environm Engn, Ul Berdychowo 4, PL-61131 Poznan, Poland. [Zakrzewski, Przemyslaw] Poznan Univ Tech, Inst Comp Sci, Ul Piotrowo 2, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland. RP Balut, A (reprint author), Poznan Univ Tech, Inst Environm Engn, Ul Berdychowo 4, PL-61131 Poznan, Poland. EM alicja.balut@put.poznan.pl OI Bylka, Jedrzej/0000-0001-8471-4315 FU Ministry of Science and Higher EducationMinistry of Science and Higher Education, Poland [504101 09/91/SBAD/0678] FX This research was funded by Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Research subsidy number: 504101 09/91/SBAD/0678. 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The analysis was done on the basis of own cultural background to ultimately mitigate disaster. By utilizing qualitative content analysis, both triangle- and quadrangle-style approaches have been compared via four factors, namely, national government's policies, business strategies, researchers' efforts, and volunteer activities. The article is valuable as a review of a mechanism of Korean disaster management which has been initially and comprehensively outlined. The key finding is that Korea has to change its current triangle-style approach to a quadrangle-style approach to reduce the impacts of typhoons accompanied by floods. In doing so, both challenges and alternatives or solutions have been identified for Korea. C1 [Ha, Kyoo-Man] Korea Environm & Safety Inst, Seoul, South Korea. RP Ha, KM (reprint author), Korea Environm & Safety Inst, Seoul, South Korea. 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Quantifying wildfire burn area and severity are essential measures for quick short-term disaster response and efficient long-term disaster restoration. Planetscope (PS) imagery offers 3 m spatial and daily temporal resolution, which can overcome the spatio-temporal resolution tradeoff of conventional satellites, albeit at the cost of spectral resolution. This study investigated the potential of augmenting PS imagery by integrating the spectral information from Sentinel-2 (S2) differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) to PS differenced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (dNDVI) using histogram matching, specifically for wildfire burn area and severity assessment of the Okgye wildfire which occurred on April 4th, 2019. Due to the difficulty in acquiring reference data, the results of the study were compared to the wildfire burn area reported by Ministry of the Interior and Safety. The burn area estimates from this study demonstrated that the histogram-matched (HM) PS dNDVI image produced more accurate burn area estimates and more descriptive burn severity intervals in contrast to conventional methods using S2. The HM PS dNDVI image returned an error of only 0.691% whereas the S2 dNDVI and dNBR images overestimated the wildfire burn area by 5.32% and 106%, respectively. These improvements using PS were largely due to the higher spatial resolution, allowing for the detection of sparsely distributed patches of land and narrow roads, which were indistinguishable using S2 dNBR. In addition, the integration of spectral information from S2 in the PS image resolved saturation effects in areas of low and high burn severity. C1 [Kim, Minho; Jung, Minyoung; Kim, Yongil] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul, South Korea. EM yik@snu.ac.kr FU Disaster-Safety Industry Promotion Program - Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS, Korea) [2019-MOIS32-015] FX This research was supported by a grant (2019-MOIS32-015) of Disaster-Safety Industry Promotion Program funded by Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS, Korea). Image courtesy of Planet Labs, Inc. Planetscope imagery is provided through the Planet's Education and Research program. 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Remote Sensing PD AUG PY 2019 VL 35 IS 4 BP 517 EP 534 DI 10.7780/kjrs.2019.35.4.3 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IV5XU UT WOS:000484344300003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU LaForest, L Hasheminasab, SM Zhou, T Flatt, JE Habib, A AF LaForest, Lisa Hasheminasab, Seyyed Meghdad Zhou, Tian Flatt, John Evan Habib, Ayman TI New Strategies for Time Delay Estimation during System Calibration for UAV-Based GNSS/INS-Assisted Imaging Systems SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE time synchronization; unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs); system calibration; GNSS; INS-assisted mapping; bundle adjustment ID CAMERA CALIBRATION; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB The need for accurate 3D spatial information is growing rapidly in many of today's key industries, such as precision agriculture, emergency management, infrastructure monitoring, and defense. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with global navigation satellite systems/inertial navigation systems (GNSS/INS) and consumer-grade digital imaging sensors are capable of providing accurate 3D spatial information at a relatively low cost. However, with the use of consumer-grade sensors, system calibration is critical for accurate 3D reconstruction. In this study, consumer-grade' refers to cameras that require system calibration by the user instead of by the manufacturer or other high-end laboratory settings, as well as relatively low-cost GNSS/INS units. In addition to classical spatial system calibration, many consumer-grade sensors also need temporal calibration for accurate 3D reconstruction. This study examines the accuracy impact of time delay in the synchronization between the GNSS/INS unit and cameras on-board UAV-based mapping systems. After reviewing existing strategies, this study presents two approaches (direct and indirect) to correct for time delay between GNSS/INS recorded event markers and actual time of image exposure. Our results show that both approaches are capable of handling and correcting this time delay, with the direct approach being more rigorous. When a time delay exists and the direct or indirect approach is applied, horizontal accuracy of 1-3 times the ground sampling distance (GSD) can be achieved without either the use of any ground control points (GCPs) or adjusting the original GNSS/INS trajectory information. C1 [LaForest, Lisa; Hasheminasab, Seyyed Meghdad; Zhou, Tian; Flatt, John Evan; Habib, Ayman] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47909 USA. [LaForest, Lisa] Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. RP LaForest, L (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47909 USA.; LaForest, L (reprint author), Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy, Springfield, VA 22150 USA. EM lee1788@purdue.edu FU Advanced Research Project Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of EnergyUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AR0000593]; Nationally Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) FX The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the Advanced Research Project Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under Award Number DE-AR0000593. The work was partially supported by the Nationally Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) The contents of this paper reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein, and do not necessarily reflect the o ffi cial views or policies of the sponsoring organizations. 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 11 IS 15 AR 1811 DI 10.3390/rs11151811 PG 36 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IS9BG UT WOS:000482442800075 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Feng, DY Passalacqua, P Hodges, B AF Feng, Dongyu Passalacqua, Paola Hodges, Ben R. TI Innovative Approaches for Geometric Uncertainty Quantification in an Operational Oil Spill Modeling System SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE oil spill; operational system; geometric uncertainty; data-driven model ID RESOLUTION; FORECAST AB Reliable and rapid real-time prediction of likely oil transport paths is critical for decision-making from emergency response managers and timely clean-up after a spill. As high-resolution hydrodynamic models are slow, operational oil spill systems generally rely on relatively coarse-grid models to provide quick estimates of the near-future surface-water velocities and oil transport paths. However, the coarse grid resolution introduces model structural errors, which have been called "geometric uncertainty". Presently, emergency response managers do not have readily-available methods for estimating how geometric uncertainty might affect predictions. This research develops new methods to quantify geometric uncertainty using fine- and coarse-grid models within a lagoonal estuary along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Using measures of geometric uncertainty, we propose and test a new data-driven uncertainty model along with a multi-model integration approach to quantify this uncertainty in an operational context. The data-driven uncertainty model is developed from a machine learning algorithm that provides a priori assessment of the prediction's confidence degree. The multi-model integration generates ensemble predictions through comparison with limited fine-grid predictions. The two approaches provide explicit information on the expected scale of modeling errors induced by geometric uncertainty in a manner suitable for operational modeling. C1 [Feng, Dongyu; Passalacqua, Paola; Hodges, Ben R.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 119, Austin, TX 78758 USA. RP Feng, DY (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 119, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM fengdongyu@utexas.edu FU Research and Development program of the Texas General Land Office Oil Spill Prevention and Response Division [18-133-000-A674] FX This research was funded partially by the Research and Development program of the Texas General Land Office Oil Spill Prevention and Response Division grant number 18-133-000-A674. 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Mar. Sci. Eng. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 7 IS 8 AR 259 DI 10.3390/jmse7080259 PG 23 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA IT6NF UT WOS:000482991100013 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cheng, CX Zhang, T Su, K Gao, PC Shen, S AF Cheng, Changxiu Zhang, Ting Su, Kai Gao, Peichao Shen, Shi TI Assessing the Intensity of the Population Affected by a Complex Natural Disaster Using Social Media Data SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE social media; natural disasters; emergency response; affected people intensity ID SOCIOECONOMIC VULNERABILITY; DATA-COLLECTION; INFORMATION; EXPOSURE; TWITTER; MODEL AB Complex natural disasters often cause people to suffer hardships, and they can cause a large number of casualties. A population that has been affected by a natural disaster is at high risk and desperately in need of help. Even with the timely assessment and knowledge of the degree that natural disasters affect populations, challenges arise during emergency response in the aftermath of a natural disaster. This paper proposes an approach to assessing the near-real-time intensity of the affected population using social media data. Because of its fatal impact on the Philippines, Typhoon Haiyan was selected as a case study. The results show that the normalized affected population index (NAPI) has a significant ability to indicate the affected population intensity. With the geographic information of disasters, more accurate and relevant disaster relief information can be extracted from social media data. The method proposed in this paper will benefit disaster relief operations and decision-making, which can be executed in a timely manner. C1 [Cheng, Changxiu; Zhang, Ting; Su, Kai; Gao, Peichao; Shen, Shi] Beijing Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Changxiu; Zhang, Ting; Su, Kai; Gao, Peichao; Shen, Shi] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Changxiu; Zhang, Ting; Su, Kai; Gao, Peichao; Shen, Shi] Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Changxiu; Zhang, Ting; Su, Kai; Gao, Peichao; Shen, Shi] Beijing Normal Univ, Ctr Geodata & Anal, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Shen, S (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Shen, S (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Shen, S (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Shen, S (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Ctr Geodata & Anal, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM shens@mail.bnu.edu.cn RI Gao, Peichao/H-2638-2016 OI Gao, Peichao/0000-0003-1714-779X FU National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2017YFB0504102]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771537]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FX This research was funded by National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2017YFB0504102), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41771537), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. 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Tools Appl. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 78 IS 16 BP 23749 EP 23782 DI 10.1007/s11042-019-7679-0 PG 34 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IO0FS UT WOS:000479055400069 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Orihara, Y Kamogawa, M Noda, Y Nagao, T AF Orihara, Yoshiaki Kamogawa, Masashi Noda, Yoichi Nagao, Toshiyasu TI Is Japanese Folklore Concerning Deep-Sea Fish Appearance a Real Precursor of Earthquakes? SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB In Japan, folklore says that uncommon appearances of deep-sea fish are an earthquake precursor. If this folklore is proved to be true, the appearance of deep-sea fish could be useful information for disaster mitigation. However, a statistical survey has not been conducted on this subject because a database of such information had yet to be compiled. In Japanese domestic local newspapers, such appearances have often been reported because rare appearances might attract readers. The authors constructed a database of reports from newspapers, academic articles, and the marine museum. In this study, fish species generally implicated in earthquakes, such as oar-fish and slender ribbonfish, were the focus. Although the catalog used might not include all of the events of deep-sea fish appearances around Japan because of a lack of whole coverage observation, the earthquake occurrence rate after deep-sea fish appearances can be evaluated. Thus, the usefulness of the deep-sea fish appearance information for disaster mitigation was evaluated. From this investigation, the spatio-temporal relationship between deep-sea fish appearances and earthquakes was hardly found. Hence, this Japanese folklore is deemed to be a superstition attributed to the illusory correlation between the two events. C1 [Orihara, Yoshiaki; Noda, Yoichi; Nagao, Toshiyasu] Tokai Univ, Div Earthquake Predict Volcano & Tsunami Res, Inst Ocean Res & Dev, Shizuoka 4240902, Japan. [Kamogawa, Masashi] Univ Shizuoka, Div Earthquake Predict Res, Global Ctr Asian & Reg Res, Shizuoka 4200839, Japan. RP Orihara, Y (reprint author), Tokai Univ, Div Earthquake Predict Volcano & Tsunami Res, Inst Ocean Res & Dev, Shizuoka 4240902, Japan. EM orihara@tsc.u-tokai.ac.jp; kamogawa@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp; noda@sems-tokaiuniv.jp; nagao@scc.u-tokai.ac.jp FU Earthquake Research Institute; University of Tokyo Joint Usage/Research Program; Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.; Institute of Oceanic Research and Development, Tokai University Project Research; Scientific research fund for earthquake prediction; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, under its Observation and Research Program for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic EruptionsMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) FX The authors thank Editor-in-Chief Thomas Pratt and three anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) for the earthquake catalog. 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Geospatial Scientists aim to help in mitigating or managing such hazards by computational modeling of these complex events, while Information Communication Technology (ICT) supports the execution of various models addressing different aspects of disaster management. The execution of natural hazard models using traditional ICT foundations is not possible in a timely manner due to the complex nature of the models, the need for large-scale computational resources as well as intensive data and concurrent-access requirements. Cloud Computing can address these challenges with near-unlimited capacity for computation, storage, and networking, and the ability, to offer natural hazard modeling systems as end services, has now become more realistic than ever. However, researchers face several open challenges in adopting and utilizing Cloud Computing technologies during disasters. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101188 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101188 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Zhang, C Fan, C Yao, WL Huang, RH Mostafavi, A AF Yang, Yang Zhang, Cheng Fan, Chao Yao, Wenlin Huang, Ruihong Mostafavi, Ali TI Exploring the emergence of influential users on social media during natural disasters SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Social media; Public information and warning; Twitter; Influential user; Hurricane Harvey; Disaster ID INFORMATION DIFFUSION; TWITTER; ADOPTION; TWEETS AB Public information and warning represent key components of society's disaster preparedness, as they complement planning and operational coordination. Social media has increasingly become a means by which users spread useful public safety and emergency information during these events. The emergence of influential users plays a critical role in the improvement of online social networks for widespread information diffusion. This study focuses on the emergence of influential individual users on Twitter and explores the reason why they achieved a significant number of followers during one of the most devastating disasters: Hurricane Harvey. The diverse patterns of increases in followers for the emerging influencers may be separated into several types. Among those types, Twitter users who posted objective disaster-related information in clear language and a consistent fashion tended to show an increase in followers and emerged as influential users. Additionally, professionals (from the media industry, public agencies and departments, and research organizations) made significant contributions to public information and warning during the hurricane. The findings highlight the common attributes of emerging influential social media users and the crucial role they play in the self-organized dissemination of disaster information. C1 [Yang, Yang; Yao, Wenlin; Huang, Ruihong] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhang, Cheng; Fan, Chao; Mostafavi, Ali] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM yangyangsandy@tamu.edu; czhang@tamu.edu; chfan@tamu.edu; wenlinyao@tamu.edu; huangrh@cse.tamu.edu; mostafavi@tamu.edu FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [IIS-1759537]; Amazon Web Services (AWS) Machine Learning Award FX This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number IIS-1759537 and the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Machine Learning Award. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation and Amazon Web Services (AWS). 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101204 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101204 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300018 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Godbout, L Zheng, JY Dey, S Eyelade, D Maidment, D Passalacqua, P AF Godbout, Lukas Zheng, Jeff Y. Dey, Sayan Eyelade, Damilola Maidment, David Passalacqua, Paola TI Error Assessment for Height Above the Nearest Drainage Inundation Mapping SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE HAND; inundation mapping; synthetic rating curves; flooding; topography ID FLOOD; FRAMEWORK; MODEL; HAND AB Real-time flood inundation mapping is vital for emergency response to help protect life and property. Inundation mapping transforms rainfall forecasts into meaningful spatial information that can be utilized before, during, and after disasters. While inundation mapping has traditionally been conducted on a local scale, automated algorithms using topography data can be utilized to efficiently produce flood maps across the continental scale. The Height Above the Nearest Drainage method can be used in conjunction with synthetic rating curves (SRCs) to produce inundation maps, but the performance of these inundation maps needs to be assessed. Here we assess the accuracy of the SRCs and calculate statistics for comparing the SRCs to rating curves obtained from hydrodynamic models calibrated against observed stage heights. We find SRCs are accurate enough for large-scale approximate inundation mapping while not as accurate when assessing individual reaches or cross sections. We investigate the effect of terrain and channel characteristics and observe reach length and slope predict divergence between the two types of rating curves, and SRCs perform poorly for short reaches with extreme slope values. 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Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 55 IS 4 BP 952 EP 963 DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12783 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA IM4QH UT WOS:000477979100013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zahran, HM Sokolov, V El-Hadidy, S AF Zahran, Hani Mahmoud Sokolov, Vladimir El-Hadidy, Salah TI Deterministic seismic hazard assessment for the Makkah region, western Saudi Arabia SO ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Seismic hazard; Makkah region; Saudi Arabia ID MOTION PREDICTION EQUATIONS; ALKALI BASALT PROVINCE; GROUND-MOTION; HARRAT LUNAYYIR; HORIZONTAL COMPONENT; DYKE INTRUSION; RED-SEA; KINGDOM; PARAMETERS; INTENSITY AB Rapid social and industrial development of the Makkah and Jeddah regions emphasizes necessity of reassessment of seismic hazard, results of which are essential for aseismic design, emergency management, and insurance regulations. In this work, the deterministic seismic hazard studies are applied to evaluate level of seismic hazard for the Makkah region using the up-to-date geophysical, geological, and seismological database, and using different techniques. The assessment has been performed in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and presumably active faults are considered as sources of earthquakes. Results of the study show that, in the context of the used models of seismic sources, the level of seismic hazard in the region is controlled by magnitude of earthquakes that may occur at the intersection of NE-SW faults (the Ad Damm fault zone and the Wadi Fatima Shear Zone) and the NNW-oriented faults that run parallel to the Red Sea coast (Red Sea Margin Faults group). It is important to make accurate mapping of faults using up-to-date data and to estimate if the faults are active at present. 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J. Geosci. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 12 IS 15 AR 476 DI 10.1007/s12517-019-4648-x PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA IM2GG UT WOS:000477810400005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ghavami, SM Maleki, J Arentze, T AF Ghavami, Seyed Morsal Maleki, Jamshid Arentze, Theo TI A multi-agent assisted approach for spatial Group Decision Support Systems: A case study of disaster management practice SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Spatial-group decision support system; Multi-criteria decision making; Multi-issue negotiation; Orthogonal strategy; Transportation network performance ID FRAMEWORK; CRITERIA; COORDINATION; CONSENSUS; NETWORKS; NUMBERS; RELIEF AB The paper proposes an alternative new approach in contrast with the traditional methods to deal with multi-criteria group decision-making problems. It takes into account the multi-criteria group decision-making process as a multi-stakeholder multi-issue negotiation problem, in which stakeholders attempt to lead a consensus on the relative importance of the criteria by using software agents. To do so, it suggests three main steps: pre-negotiation, automated negotiation, and evaluation phases. The pre-negotiation phase is a human-computer interaction by which software agents attempt to exhibit and model the preferences space of the stakeholders. In the automated negotiation phase, the agents come together to negotiate on the criteria weights to reach an agreement on behalf of the stakeholders. Finally, in the evaluation phase, the evaluator agent applies a sensitivity analysis method to determine output variations due to the inputs and parameters. The proposed method is applied to a disaster management practice as a real-world case study, in which some stakeholders jointly attempt to identify the strategic roads in disaster situations specifically, flood events. Three spatial criteria are used for evaluating the road transportation network: load capacity, access to emergency suppliers, and importance of the roads in geometric structure of the network. The results of the study confirm that the proposed method is an efficient alternative approach to deal with multi-criteria group decision-making problems. C1 [Ghavami, Seyed Morsal; Maleki, Jamshid] Univ Zanjan, Fac Engn, Geomat Dept, Zanjan, Iran. [Arentze, Theo] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Built Environm, Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Ghavami, SM (reprint author), Univ Zanjan, Fac Engn, Geomat Dept, Zanjan, Iran. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101223 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101223 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300029 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nassereddine, M Azar, A Rajabzadeh, A Afsar, A AF Nassereddine, M. Azar, A. Rajabzadeh, A. Afsar, A. TI Decision making application in collaborative emergency response: A new PROMETHEE preference function SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Decision support systems; Disaster response; MCDM; PROMETHEE; Synergy ID SUPPORT-SYSTEM; OR/MS RESEARCH; FUZZY AHP; LEBANON; BUILDINGS; SELECTION; FLOWSORT; DEMATEL; CRISIS; RISK AB Emergencies or disasters encourage various agencies in a country to cooperate and collaborate to minimize the level of casualties. Hence, the desired overall system performance is influenced not only by the efficiency of each system but also by the synergy between the independent systems, which is critical for emergency response management. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach to evaluate emergency response systems by taking into account the interactions synergy. The study is planned in two major phases, the first uses PROMETHEE method to evaluate emergency response systems. So a new type of preference function is proposed, which is able to overcome the main shortcomings of other preference functions. It helps to extend the range of choices for experts and decision makers. The simplicity and easiness of application are a big bonus of the proposed function. The second phase employs a pairwise comparison of synergy criteria to assess the ratings of systems in coordination and collaboration with each other during the emergency response. Incorporating synergy with MCDM makes more realistic results which helps policy makers to improve the performance of emergency response management. The proposed model is proofed in a real-world case of Lebanon for efficiency and applicability, while the reliability of the proposed function also is investigated through sensitivity analysis. C1 [Nassereddine, M.; Azar, A.; Rajabzadeh, A.; Afsar, A.] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Management & Econ, Tehran, Iran. RP Nassereddine, M; Azar, A (reprint author), Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Management & Econ, Tehran, Iran. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101221 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101221 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300027 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nunes-Vaz, R Arbon, P Steenkamp, M AF Nunes-Vaz, Rick Arbon, Paul Steenkamp, Malinda TI Imperatives for health sector decision-support modelling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Health care systems; Emergency management; Disaster management; Decision support modelling; Resilience; Modelling and simulation ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; SURGE-CAPACITY; CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE; EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS; CASUALTY INCIDENTS; CASCADING FAILURE; HOSPITAL SURGE; CARE; SIMULATION; TRIAGE AB Like many other critical infrastructures, the public health systems of most countries have grown to high complexity and broad interdependence. Complex adaptive systems of this kind have been shown to evolve into a precarious state between order and disorder in which remote triggers can lead to cascading failure. The healthcare stresses of ageing populations, emerging infectious diseases and treatment-resistant pathogens continue to grow. However, the economic drive for leaner systems and supply chains, and their increasing interdependencies (power, water, food, fuel etc.), all contribute to the growing fragility of public health. When systems are stressed (during emergencies or disasters), accountability for effective resource use requires that health decision making switch from optimal care of individuals to a resource-conserving mode designed to maximise outcomes for the population. Understanding when and how to operate under such conditions, demands that decision makers have a strong grasp of system capacities, limitations and the beneficial or deleterious effects of parameters they are able to manipulate. These difficulties lie behind a growing effort to model health systems to inform planning and (more aspirationally) support real-time decision making. However, modelling efforts to date have been less than optimally founded and structured. Our purpose in this paper is to reframe conceptual approaches to the strategic modelling of health systems and their dependencies in order to point the way to a more productive path for health sector decision-support modelling. C1 [Nunes-Vaz, Rick; Arbon, Paul; Steenkamp, Malinda] Flinders Univ S Australia, Torrens Resilience Inst, Level 3B,Mark Oliphant Bldg, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia. RP Nunes-Vaz, R (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Torrens Resilience Inst, Level 3B,Mark Oliphant Bldg, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia. 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101234 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101234 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300035 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rizeei, HM Pradhan, B Saharkhiz, MA AF Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi Pradhan, Biswajeet Saharkhiz, Maryam Adel TI Allocation of emergency response centres in response to pluvial flooding-prone demand points using integrated multiple layer perceptron and maximum coverage location problem models SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Pluvial flooding; Emergency response point; GIS; Maximum coverage location problem ID NEURAL-NETWORK; OPTIMIZATION APPROACH; FEEDFORWARD NETWORKS; FACILITY LOCATION; UNGAUGED SITES; SERVICE; RISK; PREDICTION; MANAGEMENT; CATCHMENT AB The increases in the frequency and intensity of rainfall events due to global climate change and the development of additional pavement, roads and water storage sites due to population growth have enhanced the probability of pluvial flooding (PF) in urban areas. The estimation of urban pluvial flood vulnerability and prompt emergency responses are crucial steps towards urban planning and risk mitigation. However, uncertainties exist in the optimal allocation of emergency response centres (ERCs). This study assessed the current situation of ERCs in terms of PF-prone demand points. In this study, fire and police stations, hospitals and military camps were defined as ERCs, and residential buildings, where people spend most of their time, were considered demand points. Our study area was Damansara City in Peninsular Malaysia, which is frequently affected by PF. We combined an optimised PF probability model with ideal location allocation methods on a geographic information system platform to construct the proposed model for achieving accurate ERC spatial planning. Firstly, PF-prone urban areas were identified using a recent machine learning multiple layer perceptron (MLP) model. Then, a Taguchi method was used to calibrate the MLP variables, namely, seed, momentum, learning rate, hidden layer attribute and class. Fourteen important PF contributing parameters were weighted on the basis of historical flood events. The predicted PF-prone areas were validated by comparing the predictions with the data from meteorological stations and observed inventory events. In addition, the current locations of ERCs were utilised in the location allocation model to assess the ideal time for providing essential services to elements at risk. Minimum impedance and maximum coverage location problem models were implemented to assess the current allocated location of ERCs and multiple scenarios. The coverage of existing ERCs was calculated, and their suitable and optimal locations were projected for vulnerable inhabitants with either redundant or late emergency response. Results showed that areas near downtown have high PF probability but are not covered by ERCs within the standard 5 km radius. The proposed model can conserve time, reduce cost and save human lives by ensuring that vulnerable people in the Damansara River basin are covered by the nearest ERC. C1 [Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi; Pradhan, Biswajeet; Saharkhiz, Maryam Adel] Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Engn & IT, CAMGIS, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Pradhan, Biswajeet] Sejong Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Resources Engn, 209 Neungdong Ro, Seoul 05006, South Korea. RP Pradhan, B (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Engn & IT, CAMGIS, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. EM Biswajeet24@gmail.com RI Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi/L-5630-2018 OI Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi/0000-0002-7690-8440 FU Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), University of Technology Sydney (UTS) [321740.2232335, 321740.2232357] FX This research was supported by the Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems (CAMGIS), University of Technology Sydney (UTS) under grant numbers 321740.2232335 and 321740.2232357. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 38 AR UNSP 101205 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101205 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IM0SA UT WOS:000477698300019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Singh, N Roy, N Gangopadhyay, A AF Singh, Neha Roy, Nirmalya Gangopadhyay, Aryya TI Analyzing The Emotions of Crowd For Improving The Emergency Response Services SO PERVASIVE AND MOBILE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Twitter; Sentiment analysis; Emotion detection; Emergency services; Change point detection ID SENTIMENT ANALYSIS; SOCIAL MEDIA AB Twitter is an extremely popular micro-blogging social platform with millions of users, generating thousands of tweets per second. The huge amount of Twitter data inspire the researchers to explore the trending topics, event detection and event tracking which help to postulate the fine-grained details and situation awareness. Obtaining situational awareness of any event is crucial in various application domains such as natural calamities, man-made disaster and emergency responses. In this paper, we advocate that data analytics on Twitter feeds can help improve the planning and rescue operations and services as provided by the emergency personnel in the event of unusual circumstances. We take an emotional change detection approach and focus on the users' emotions, concerns and feelings expressed in tweets during the emergency situations, and analyze those feelings and perceptions in the community involved during the events to provide appropriate feedback to emergency responders and local authorities. We employ improved emotion analysis and change point detection techniques to process, discover and infer the spatiotemporal sentiments of the users. We analyze the tweets from recent Las Vegas shooting (Oct. 2017) and note that the changes in the polarity of the sentiments and articulation of the emotional expressions, if captured successfully can be employed as an informative tool for providing feedback to EMS. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Singh, Neha; Roy, Nirmalya; Gangopadhyay, Aryya] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Informat Syst, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Informat Syst, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM nehasingh1@umbc.edu; nroy@umbc.edu; gangopad@umbc.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF), United States CNS [1640625] FX This work is partially supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), United States CNS grant 1640625. 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Comput. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 58 AR UNSP 101018 DI 10.1016/j.pmcj.2019.04.009 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IK6XV UT WOS:000476733500001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gaston, SA Galea, S Cohen, GH Kwok, RK Rung, AL Peters, ES Jackson, CL AF Gaston, Symielle A. Galea, Sandro Cohen, Gregory H. Kwok, Richard K. Rung, Ariane L. Peters, Edward S. Jackson, Chandra L. TI Potential Impact of 2020 US Decennial Census Data Collection on Disaster Preparedness and Population Mental Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RISK; CARE; NEED C1 [Gaston, Symielle A.; Kwok, Richard K.; Jackson, Chandra L.] NIEHS, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Galea, Sandro; Cohen, Gregory H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Rung, Ariane L.; Peters, Edward S.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Program, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Jackson, CL (reprint author), 111 TW Alexander Dr,MD A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Chandra.Jackson@nih.gov RI ; Peters, Edward/H-1077-2015 OI Gaston, Symielle/0000-0001-9495-1592; Peters, Edward/0000-0003-4928-6532 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Z1AES103325-01, Z01ES102945] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (grant Z1AES103325-01 to C. L. J.; grant Z01ES102945 to R. K. K.). 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J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2019 VL 109 IS 8 BP 1079 EP 1083 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2019.305150 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IG3TJ UT WOS:000473728000022 PM 31219714 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ansari, K Park, KD Panda, SK AF Ansari, Kutubuddin Park, Kwan-Dong Panda, Sampad Kumar TI Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis and modeling of ionospheric TEC over South Korean region SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article DE EOF; GNSS; IRI-2016; NeQuick-2; VTEC; South Korea ID SOLAR-ACTIVITY PERIOD; ELECTRON-DENSITY; GPS NETWORK; IRI-2012; IMPACT; STORM; MAPS AB This paper presents the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) variations over the low-middle latitude South Korean region using dual frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations from 14 permanent stations with the data spanning approximately eight years (January 2010 to December 2017). Although, significant work has been conducted in the Korean territory on high-precision positioning, surveying, natural disaster mitigation, and reference frame and datum definition; however, there is substantial scope for modeling of the low-middle latitude ionosphere over the region, which would provide further navigational and communicational benefits. Therefore, in this study, we investigated spatial and temporal TEC variations in GNSS observables through Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) modeling and substantiate our findings against existing empirical International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2016) and NeQuick-2 models. In addition, observation and modeling studies conducted during a geomagnetic storm period (3-9 September, 2017), when the vertical TEC (VTEC) value was almost double that of its regular level, confirm the superior performance of the EOF model in the percentage deviation and correlation plots. To ascertain the performance of the EOF model, the geomagnetic coordinates and PCN index were considered in this study along with other solar and geomagnetic indices (F10.7, Ap and Dst). Analysis of results emphasizes the superior performance of the EOF model compared to other regional and global models with respect to its accuracy and quality relating to quick convergence of decomposition modes and discrimination of temporal as well as spatial components. C1 [Ansari, Kutubuddin; Park, Kwan-Dong] Inha Univ, Dept Geoinformat Engn, 100 Inha Ro, Incheon 22212, South Korea. [Panda, Sampad Kumar] KL Deemed Univ, KLEF, Dept ECE, Guntur, India. RP Park, KD (reprint author), Inha Univ, Dept Geoinformat Engn, 100 Inha Ro, Incheon 22212, South Korea. EM kdansarix@gmail.com; kdpark@inha.ac.kr; sampadpanda@gmail.com RI Panda, Sampad Kumar/G-1993-2014 OI Panda, Sampad Kumar/0000-0001-5655-3585; Ansari, Kutubuddin/0000-0002-6151-6241 FU INHA UNIVERSITY Research Grant [INHA-59295] FX The work was supported by INHA UNIVERSITY Research Grant (INHA-59295). The Authors appreciate the National Geographic Information Institute (http://map.ngii.go.kr/ms/svclntrcn/gnss/baselnfo.do) for establishing and maintaining the GNSS stations in South Korea. This GNSS data is also available at the website of Korean GNSS data service (http://www.gnssdata.or.kr/download/getDownloadView.do). 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 161 BP 313 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2019.05.044 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA IF8WT UT WOS:000473374700030 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Elbanna, A Bunker, D Levine, L Sleigh, A AF Elbanna, Amany Bunker, Deborah Levine, Linda Sleigh, Anthony TI Emergency management in the changing world of social media: Framing the research agenda with the stakeholders through engaged scholarship SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Web 2.0; Digital platforms; Social media; Emergency management; Flash volunteering; Emergency response; Community volunteering; Engaged scholarship ID INFORMATION; PARADOX; COLLABORATION; MANAGERIAL; DISASTERS; ANALYTICS; TWITTER; RISK AB The use of social media and Web 2.0 platforms is proliferating and affecting different formal and highly structured organisations including public safety agencies. Much of the research in the area has focussed on public use of social media during an emergency as well as how emergency agencies benefit from the data and information generated by this process. However, there is little understanding of "what are the operational implications of this public use on emergency management agencies and how does social media either positively or negatively impact these operations"? In order to progress research into this topic, we chose an engaged scholarship framework to shape a research agenda with the active participation of stakeholders. Hence, we conducted a series of workshops primarily involving over 100 public safety practitioners working in the area of disasters and emergency management who work in public safety agencies, humanitarian organisations, volunteering online platforms and volunteer groups in addition to 20 academics working on this area of enquiry. The findings highlight six different challenges that emergency responding organisations currently face in relation to social media use. We conceptualise these challenges as creating six operational tension zones for organisations. We discuss these tensions and their implications for future research and practice. C1 [Elbanna, Amany] Royal Holloway Univ London, London, England. [Bunker, Deborah; Levine, Linda; Sleigh, Anthony] Univ Sydney, Business Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Elbanna, A (reprint author), Royal Holloway Univ London, London, England. EM amany.elbanna@RHUL.ac.uk; deborah.bunker@sydney.edu.au; linda.levine@sydney.edu.au; anthony.sleigh@sydney.edu.au FU Interoperability for Extreme Events Research Group (IEERG) at the University of Sydney Business School; British Academy [SG143010] FX This project is supported by a grant from Interoperability for Extreme Events Research Group (IEERG) at the University of Sydney Business School and a grant from The British Academy (Grant No. SG143010). 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 47 BP 112 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.011 PG 9 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA ID6MS UT WOS:000471793400010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shaji, RS Dev, VS Brindha, T AF Shaji, Ramaswamy Swarnammal Dev, V. Sachin Brindha, Thomas TI A methodological review on attack and defense strategies in cyber warfare SO WIRELESS NETWORKS LA English DT Review DE Cyberspace; Cyber attack; Cyber threat; Cyber warfare; Cyber defense; Cyber forensics ID SECURITY; PRIVACY AB Cyberspaceis an integration of cyber physical system components that integrates computation, networking, physicalprocesses, embedded computers and network monitors which uses feedback loops for controlling the processes wherethecomputations are affected by processes and vice versa. More general, cyber physical systems include all equipments operated on preprogrammed instructions ranging from simple electronic devices to the ultra-modern warfare equipments along with life saving devices. Active cyber-attacks can cause cyber warfare situations by disrupting an entire community of people, which in turn raises an emergency situation to the nation. Thus, cyber warfare is a major threat to the nation at large. In this paper, we analyze the various aspects of cyber warfare situations and a survey on ongoing attacks, defense and cyber forensics strategies in that field. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging computing area which enables Machine to Machine communication in cyber physical systems. An attack on IoT causes major issues to the security on the devices and thus, the various threats and attacks on IoT are analyzed here. Overall monitoring and data acquisition in cyber physical systems is done by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems and are mainly targeted by the attackers in order to leave the cyberspace applications not functioning. Therefore, the various threats, attacks and research issues pertaining to the cyberspace are surveyed in this paper along with a few research issues and challenges that are to be solved in the area of cyber warfare. C1 [Shaji, Ramaswamy Swarnammal] St Xaviers Catholic Coll Engn, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Nagercoil 629003, Tamil Nadu, India. [Dev, V. Sachin; Brindha, Thomas] Noorul Islam Ctr Higher Educ, Dept Informat Technol, Thuckalay 629180, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Shaji, RS (reprint author), St Xaviers Catholic Coll Engn, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Nagercoil 629003, Tamil Nadu, India. 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Netw. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 25 IS 6 BP 3323 EP 3334 DI 10.1007/s11276-018-1724-1 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA IC6HA UT WOS:000471071100026 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ranjan, A Sahu, HB Misra, P AF Ranjan, A. Sahu, H. B. Misra, P. TI MineSense: sensing the radio signal behavior in metal and non-metal underground mines SO WIRELESS NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Underground mine communication; Wireless networks; Sensor networks; Link characterization; Modeling ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; PROPAGATION; WAVES AB The requirement for consistent well-being upgrades of mine personnel and improved mine productivity is encouraging the underground mining industry through a move from manual to automated mine operations. From a communication point of view, this move introduces a new set of challenges and design goals of business driven and emergency response applications that need to be addressed by wireless technology. Solution based on wireless technology has a wide scope of deployment in underground mines supporting applications such as environmental monitoring, ventilation on demand, tracking of miners and remote asset monitoring, etc. However, the reliable operation of such networks is restricted in real time due to the unique characteristics of underground mines such as gallery dimension, humidity, curves and bends, support systems, noise etc. In addition, the lack of experimental understandings of electromagnetic wave propagation in such high stress environment affect the features offered by these technologies. In this work, we have focused on empirical understandings of radio signal behavior in different underground mines. The contribution of this work is three fold. First, it outlines the impact of depth on the signal propagation characteristics and then identifies the major propagation factor contributing to significant losses at the receiver in the mine tunnel space. Second, based on the propagation data collected at different metal and non-metal mines, discusses the role of mining methods on radio signal behavior. Third, it critically presents the need for modifications in formulations of the theoretical channel model which have been characterized by extensive data measurements in operational underground mines. The observations reported in this work may significantly help the wireless design community to achieve reliable and optimized performance of communication devices to be deployed in such high stress work environments. C1 [Ranjan, A.; Sahu, H. B.] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Min Engn, Rourkela 769008, India. [Misra, P.] TATA Consultancy Serv, TCS Res & Innovat, Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India. 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Netw. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 25 IS 6 BP 3643 EP 3655 DI 10.1007/s11276-019-01959-y PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA IC6HA UT WOS:000471071100046 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gill, SS Garraghan, P Buyya, R AF Gill, Sukhpal Singh Garraghan, Peter Buyya, Rajkumar TI ROUTER: Fog enabled cloud based intelligent resource management approach for smart home IoT devices SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Fog computing; Cloud computing; Internet of things; Smart home; Resource management; Edge computing ID INTERNET; THINGS; SIMULATION; FRAMEWORK; TOOLKIT; EDGE AB There is a growing requirement for Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure to ensure low response time to provision latency-sensitive real-time applications such as health monitoring, disaster management, and smart homes. Fog computing offers a means to provide such requirements, via a virtualized intermediate layer to provide data, computation, storage, and networking services between Cloud datacenters and end users. A key element within such Fog computing environments is resource management. While there are existing resource manager in Fog computing, they only focus on a subset of parameters important to Fog resource management encompassing system response time, network bandwidth, energy consumption and latency. To date no existing Fog resource manager considers these parameters simultaneously for decision making, which in the context of smart homes will become increasingly key. In this paper, we propose a novel resource management technique (ROUTER) for fog-enabled Cloud computing environments, which leverages Particle Swarm Optimization to optimize simultaneously. The approach is validated within an IoT-based smart home automation scenario, and evaluated within iFogSim toolkit driven by empirical models within a small-scale smart home experiment. Results demonstrate our approach results a reduction of 12% network bandwidth, 10% response time, 14% latency and 12.35% in energy consumption. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gill, Sukhpal Singh; Garraghan, Peter] Univ Lancaster, Sch Comp & Commun, Lancaster, England. [Gill, Sukhpal Singh; Buyya, Rajkumar] Univ Melboume, Sch Comp & Informat Syst, Cloud Comp & Distributed Syst CLOUDS Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Gill, SS (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Sch Comp & Commun, Lancaster, England.; Gill, SS (reprint author), Univ Melboume, Sch Comp & Informat Syst, Cloud Comp & Distributed Syst CLOUDS Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. EM s.s.gill1@lancaster.ac.uk; p.garraghan@lancaster.ac.uk; rbuyya@unimelb.edu.au RI ; Gill, Sukhpal Singh/J-5930-2014 OI Garraghan, Peter/0000-0002-7103-2515; Gill, Sukhpal Singh/0000-0002-3913-0369 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)Engineering & Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P031617/1]; Melbourne-Chindia Cloud Computing (MC3) Research Network and Australian Research Council [DP160102414] FX This research work is supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) - (EP/P031617/1), Melbourne-Chindia Cloud Computing (MC3) Research Network and Australian Research Council (DP160102414). We thank Redowan Mahmud, Shashikant Ilager, Sara Kardani, Shreshth Tuli, and Damian Borowiec for their useful suggestions. 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 154 BP 125 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2019.04.058 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA IC4NT UT WOS:000470943300009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Choosumrong, S Humhong, C Raghavan, V Fenoy, G AF Choosumrong, Sittichai Humhong, Chingchai Raghavan, Venkatesh Fenoy, Gerald TI Development of optimal routing service for emergency scenarios using pgRouting and FOSS4G SO SPATIAL INFORMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Open source; Web services; Routing; Multi-criteria; Emergencies; Floods AB This study aims to implement a system for Emergency Routing Decision Planning (ERDP) based on Service Oriented Architecture. A Web-based system is implemented to facilitate ubiquitous dynamic routing services on up-to-date road network data. Integration of Dijkstra's shortest path and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) algorithms has facilitated improved weighted travel-time computation. Route computations are done considering situation at source, transit and destinations. The AHP is used to prioritize amongst possible destinations considering impedance factors affecting travel time. The routing algorithm is deployed as Web Processing Service (WPS) using the ZOO-Project Platform. Two scenarios for application of the ERDP Web services are demonstrated. In the first scenario of medical emergency, the ERDP computes routes between patient's location, emergency car to hospital in proximity of accident site considering dynamic factors such as conditions of road network, the patient's state and availability of medical facilities and expertise in the target hospital. In the second scenario of a disaster situation, the GRASS GIS r.sim.water simulation model for overland flow under excess rainfall conditions was integrated into the ERDP system as a WPS. The result of the simulation is used to automatically update the road network database and new routes are computed based on existing conditions. The system is developed using Free and Open Source Software for Geoinformatics (FOSS4G) stack and is amenable to customization to support other emergencies such as fire, debris flow and tsunami. Integration with Sensor Observation Services for automatic data updates from CCTV camera and weather stations could further improve utility as a real-time ERDP system. C1 [Choosumrong, Sittichai; Humhong, Chingchai] Naresuan Univ, Fac Agr Nat Resources & Environm, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. [Raghavan, Venkatesh] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan. [Fenoy, Gerald] GeoLabs SARL, Futur Bldg 1,1280 Ave Platanes, F-34970 Lattes, France. RP Choosumrong, S (reprint author), Naresuan Univ, Fac Agr Nat Resources & Environm, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. EM sittichaic@nu.ac.th FU Japanese Government Monbukagakusho ScholarshipMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); National Institute for Emergency Medicine, Thailand FX The first author would like to greatly acknowledge the grant of the Japanese Government Monbukagakusho Scholarship for conducting this research. The authors would like to thank Prof. Shinji Masumoto, Osaka City University, Japan and Dr. Nicolas Bozon, ESRI, France for various discussions and support. The authors are also grateful to Mr. Natraj Vaddadi at CERG, India for improving language and suggesting grammatical corrections. Finally, authors would like to thank National Institute for Emergency Medicine, Thailand for supported the budget to do this research. 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PD AUG PY 2019 VL 27 IS 4 BP 465 EP 474 DI 10.1007/s41324-019-00248-2 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IC2LY UT WOS:000470792600009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Afrin, M Jin, J Rahman, A Tian, YC Kulkarni, A AF Afrin, Mahbuba Jin, Jiong Rahman, Ashfaqur Tian, Yu-Chu Kulkarni, Ambarish TI Multi-objective resource allocation for Edge Cloud based robotic workflow in smart factory SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Resource allocation; Multi-robot system; Edge cloud; Workflow management; Smart factory; Multi-objective evolutionary algorithm ID INDUSTRY 4.0 AB Multi-robotic services are widely used to enhance the efficiency of Industry 4.0 applications including emergency management in smart factory. The workflow of these robotic services consists of data hungry, delay sensitive and compute intensive tasks. Generally, robots are not enriched in computational power and storage capabilities. It is thus beneficial to leverage the available Cloud resources to complement robots for executing robotic workflows. When multiple robots and Cloud instances work in a collaborative manner, optimal resource allocation for the tasks of a robotic workflow becomes a challenging problem. The diverse energy consumption rate of both robot and Cloud instances, and the cost of executing robotic workflow in such a distributed manner further intensify the resource allocation problem. Since the tasks are inter-dependent, inconvenience in data exchange between local robots and remote Cloud also degrade the service quality. Therefore, in this paper, we address simultaneous optimization of makespan, energy consumption and cost while allocating resources for the tasks of a robotic workflow. As a use case, we consider resource allocation for the robotic workflow of emergency management service in smart factory. We design an Edge Cloud based multi-robot system to overcome the limitations of remote Cloud based system in exchanging delay sensitive data. The resource allocation for robotic workflow is modelled as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem and it is solved through a multi-objective evolutionary approach, namely, NSGA-II algorithm. We have redesigned the NSGA-II algorithm by defining a new chromosome structure, pre-sorted initial population and mutation operator. It is further augmented by selecting the minimum distant solution from the non-dominated front to the origin while crossing over the chromosomes. The experimental results based on synthetic workload demonstrate that our augmented NSGA-II algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art works by at least 18% in optimizing makespan, energy and cost attributes on various scenarios. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Afrin, Mahbuba; Jin, Jiong] Swinburne Univ Technol, Sch Software & Elect Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia. [Rahman, Ashfaqur] CSIRO, Data61, Sandy Bay, Tas 7005, Australia. [Tian, Yu-Chu] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Kulkarni, Ambarish] Swinburne Univ Technol, Sch Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia. RP Afrin, M (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Sch Software & Elect Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia. EM mafrin@swin.edu.au RI Rahman, Ashaqur/X-2353-2019; Jin, Jiong/R-3266-2019 OI Jin, Jiong/0000-0002-0306-2691; Kulkarni, Ambarish/0000-0003-4647-4511; Rahman, Ashfaqur/0000-0002-0236-5447 FU Data61, CSIRO, Australia FX The authors would like to thank Data61, CSIRO, Australia for supporting the work. 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Environ. Radioact. PD AUG PY 2019 VL 204 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.04.008 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IA9QS UT WOS:000469892500016 PM 31029988 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hermon, D Ganefri Erianjoni Dewata, I Iskarni, P Syam, A AF Hermon, Dedi Ganefri Erianjoni Dewata, Indang Iskarni, Paus Syam, Alexander TI A POLICY MODEL OF ADAPTATION MITIGATION AND SOCIAL RISKS THE VOLCANO ERUPTION DISASTER OF SINABUNG IN KARO REGENCY - INDONESIA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMATE LA English DT Article DE Sinabung Volcano; Disaster Risk; Mitigation Model; Karo Regency ID PREPAREDNESS AB The purpose of this research was to determine the level of volcano eruption risk and compile a disaster risk mitigation model for the Sinabung volcano eruption. Analysis technique of volcano eruption disaster risk of Sinabung uses scoring techniques for all indicators. The volcano eruption disaster risk of Sinabung refers to eruption hazard level, vulnerability level, and disaster prevention capacity index. The level of volcano eruption hazard and vulnerability of Sinabung volcano was analyzed by GIS approach using ArcGIS 10.1 software, based on units of sub-district administration. The capacity index was analyzed based on the Hyogo Framework for Action-HFA 2005-2015. While the disaster mitigation and policy model of adaptation of volcano eruption Sinabung were analyzed with FGD and AHP. The level of volcano eruption disaster risk of Sinabung is high > 49 (614). As for the mitigation model of the eruption risk of Sinabung volcano and model of adaptation policy based on alternative priorities for disaster risk reduction has 4 main priorities, i.e: 1) Relocation for identify, assess and monitor of disaster risk and implement an early warning system; 2) Utilize of knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels; 3) Make of disaster risk reduction a priority of national and region implemented through strong institutions; and 4) the reducing of underlying factors that increase disaster risk. C1 [Hermon, Dedi; Iskarni, Paus] Padang State Univ, Dept Geog, Padang, Indonesia. [Hermon, Dedi; Ganefri; Erianjoni; Dewata, Indang; Syam, Alexander] Padang State Univ, Postgrad, Padang, Indonesia. [Erianjoni] Padang State Univ, Dept Sociol, Padang, Indonesia. [Dewata, Indang] Padang State Univ, Dept Chem, Padang, Indonesia. [Syam, Alexander] STKIP Pesisir Selatan, Padang, Indonesia. RP Hermon, D (reprint author), Padang State Univ, Dept Geog, Padang, Indonesia.; Hermon, D (reprint author), Padang State Univ, Postgrad, Padang, Indonesia. 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Vandemark, Douglas Chapron, Bertrand TI A labelled ocean SAR imagery dataset of ten geophysical phenomena from Sentinel-1 wave mode SO GEOSCIENCE DATA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Data Paper; Early Access DE manual labelling; ocean surface phenomena; Sentinel-1 wave mode; Synthetic aperture radar ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; SEA; CONVECTION; SIGNATURES; FRONTS; ROLLS AB The Sentinel-1 mission is part of the European Copernicus program aiming at providing observations for Land, Marine and Atmosphere Monitoring, Emergency Management, Security and Climate Change. It is a constellation of two (Sentinel-1 A and B) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites. The SAR wave mode (WV) routinely collects high-resolution SAR images of the ocean surface during day and night and through clouds. In this study, a subset of more than 37,000 SAR images is labelled corresponding to ten geophysical phenomena, including both oceanic and meteorologic features. These images cover the entire open ocean and are manually selected from Sentinel-1A WV acquisitions in 2016. For each image, only one prevalent geophysical phenomenon with its prescribed signature and texture is selected for labelling. The SAR images are processed into a quick-look image provided in the formats of PNG and GeoTIFF as well as the associated labels. They are convenient for both visual inspection and machine learning-based methods exploitation. The proposed dataset is the first one involving different oceanic or atmospheric phenomena over the open ocean. It seeks to foster the development of strategies or approaches for massive ocean SAR image analysis. A key objective was to allow exploiting the full potential of Sentinel-1 WV SAR acquisitions, which are about 60,000 images per satellite per month and freely available. Such a dataset may be of value to a wide range of users and communities in deep learning, remote sensing, oceanography and meteorology. C1 [Wang, Chen; Mouche, Alexis; Chapron, Bertrand] Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, LOPS,IRD, Brest, France. [Wang, Chen; Tandeo, Pierre] UBL, IMT Atlantique, Lab STICC, Brest, France. [Stopa, Justin E.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Ocean Resources & Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Longepe, Nicolas; Erhard, Guillaume] CLS, Space & Ground Segment, Plouzane, France. [Foster, Ralph C.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Vandemark, Douglas] Univ New Hampshire, Ocean Proc Anal Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), IFREMER, LOPS, Brest, France. 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Data J. DI 10.1002/gdj3.73 EA JUL 2019 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA IO7GL UT WOS:000479540200001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Godbout, L Zheng, JY Dey, S Eyelade, D Maidment, D Passalacqua, P AF Godbout, Lukas Zheng, Jeff Y. Dey, Sayan Eyelade, Damilola Maidment, David Passalacqua, Paola TI Error Assessment for Height Above the Nearest Drainage Inundation Mapping SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE HAND; inundation mapping; synthetic rating curves; flooding; topography ID FLOOD; FRAMEWORK; MODEL; HAND AB Real-time flood inundation mapping is vital for emergency response to help protect life and property. Inundation mapping transforms rainfall forecasts into meaningful spatial information that can be utilized before, during, and after disasters. While inundation mapping has traditionally been conducted on a local scale, automated algorithms using topography data can be utilized to efficiently produce flood maps across the continental scale. The Height Above the Nearest Drainage method can be used in conjunction with synthetic rating curves (SRCs) to produce inundation maps, but the performance of these inundation maps needs to be assessed. Here we assess the accuracy of the SRCs and calculate statistics for comparing the SRCs to rating curves obtained from hydrodynamic models calibrated against observed stage heights. We find SRCs are accurate enough for large-scale approximate inundation mapping while not as accurate when assessing individual reaches or cross sections. We investigate the effect of terrain and channel characteristics and observe reach length and slope predict divergence between the two types of rating curves, and SRCs perform poorly for short reaches with extreme slope values. We propose an approach to recalculate the slope in Manning's equation as the weighted average over a minimum distance and assess accuracy for a range of moving window lengths. C1 [Godbout, Lukas; Zheng, Jeff Y.; Maidment, David; Passalacqua, Paola] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Dey, Sayan] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eyelade, Damilola] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Godbout, L (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM lukasgodbout@utexas.edu OI Dey, Sayan/0000-0002-5327-8431 FU Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI) FX This research has been supported in part by the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI). The basis of this work was formed from research conducted during the 2017 National Water Center Innovators Program: Summer Institute. 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Am. Water Resour. Assoc. DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12783 EA JUL 2019 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA IO6UF UT WOS:000479508400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Kim, J Oh, SS Kim, SW Ku, M Cha, J AF Kim, Yushim Kim, Jihong Oh, Seong Soo Kim, Sang-Wook Ku, Minyoung Cha, Jaehyuk TI Community Analysis of a Crisis Response Network SO SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW LA English DT Article; Early Access DE epidemic response network; community detection algorithms; network analysis; emergency management ID DECISION-MAKING; PUBLIC-HEALTH; COORDINATION; PREPAREDNESS; MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCY; COMMUNICATION; DISEASE AB This article distinguishes between clique family subgroups and communities in a crisis response network. Then, we examine the way organizations interacted to achieve a common goal by employing community analysis of an epidemic response network in Korea in 2015. The results indicate that the network split into two groups: core response communities in one group and supportive functional communities in the other. The core response communities include organizations across government jurisdictions, sectors, and geographic locations. Other communities are confined geographically, homogenous functionally, or both. We also find that whenever intergovernmental relations were present in communities, the member connectivity was low, even if intersectoral relations appeared together within them. C1 [Kim, Yushim] Arizona State Univ, Sch Publ Affairs, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Kim, Jihong; Kim, Sang-Wook] Hanyang Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Oh, Seong Soo] Hanyang Univ, 222 Wangshimni Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea. [Cha, Jaehyuk] Hanyang Univ, Dept Comp & Software, Seoul, South Korea. [Ku, Minyoung] John Jay Coll, New York, NY USA. RP Oh, SS (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, 222 Wangshimni Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea. 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Sci. Comput. Rev. AR UNSP 0894439319858679 DI 10.1177/0894439319858679 EA JUL 2019 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IO5RO UT WOS:000479433900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sakthitharan, S Jayashri, S AF Sakthitharan, S. Jayashri, S. TI Establishing an emergency communication network and optimal path using multiple autonomous rover robots SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE autonomous maneuvering; disaster management; load balancing algorithm; optimal coverage algorithm; particle swarm optimization algorithm ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; MOBILE ROBOT; CONSTRUCTION; ALGORITHM; ENVIRONMENT AB The natural calamity or disaster may destroy all communication networks especially a cellular network that relies on a tower. Although many solutions to an ad hoc wireless network have been proposed, forming a network covering a respective region with mobile robots toward optimal coverage remains to be an open problem. In this paper, we take the initiative to handle the optimal network coverage and path selection in disaster region with the help of multiple movable/rover robots. This paper consists of load balance distribution algorithm and optimal coverage algorithm applied to find the next optimally possible node location for all robots. Next, the robots maneuvering in an unknown disaster environment to identify the optimal path between the source and destination by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, simulated results show that the algorithms can significantly improve the network coverage in the entire region, and the optimal path can effectively identify the optimal solution for all rover robots. 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Behnke, Sven TI Remote mobile manipulation with the centauro robot: Full-body telepresence and autonomous operator assistance SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE emergency response; mobile manipulation; planetary robotics ID NEURO-REHABILITATION; DESIGN; EXOSKELETON; PLATFORM AB Solving mobile manipulation tasks in inaccessible and dangerous environments is an important application of robots to support humans. Example domains are construction and maintenance of manned and unmanned stations on the moon and other planets. Suitable platforms require flexible and robust hardware, a locomotion approach that allows for navigating a wide variety of terrains, dexterous manipulation capabilities, and respective user interfaces. We present the CENTAURO system which has been designed for these requirements and consists of the Centauro robot and a set of advanced operator interfaces with complementary strength enabling the system to solve a wide range of realistic mobile manipulation tasks. The robot possesses a centaur-like body plan and is driven by torque-controlled compliant actuators. Four articulated legs ending in steerable wheels allow for omnidirectional driving as well as for making steps. An anthropomorphic upper body with two arms ending in five-finger hands enables human-like manipulation. The robot perceives its environment through a suite of multimodal sensors. The resulting platform complexity goes beyond the complexity of most known systems which puts the focus on a suitable operator interface. An operator can control the robot through a telepresence suit, which allows for flexibly solving a large variety of mobile manipulation tasks. Locomotion and manipulation functionalities on different levels of autonomy support the operation. The proposed user interfaces enable solving a wide variety of tasks without previous task-specific training. The integrated system is evaluated in numerous teleoperated experiments that are described along with lessons learned. C1 [Klamt, Tobias; Schwarz, Max; Lenz, Christian; Droeschel, David; Pavlichenko, Dmytro; Periyasamy, Arul S.; Rodriguez, Diego; Behnke, Sven] Univ Bonn, Autonomous Intelligent Syst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Buongiorno, Domenico; DiGuardo, Antonio; Gabardi, Massimiliano; Leonardis, Daniele; Solazzi, Massimiliano; Frisoli, Antonio] Scuola Super Sant Anna, TeCIP Inst, PERCRO Lab, Pisa, Italy. [Cichon, Torben; Rossmann, Juergen] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Man Machine Interact, Aachen, Germany. [Baccelliere, Lorenzo; Kamedula, Malgorzata; Kashiri, Navvab; Laurenzi, Arturo; Muratore, Luca; Tsagarakis, Nikos G.] Italian Inst Technol, Dept Adv Robot, Genoa, Italy. 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Field Robot. DI 10.1002/rob.21895 EA JUL 2019 PG 31 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA IL3JH UT WOS:000477193900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mavrodieva, AV Shaw, R AF Mavrodieva, Aleksandrina, V Shaw, Rajib TI Enabling Private Sector Engagement in Disaster Resilience in South and East Asia SO RISK HAZARDS & CRISIS IN PUBLIC POLICY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE private sector; disaster management; disaster risk reduction; disaster preparedness and resilience; enabling environment; sustainable mechanisms AB Businesses are closely related with communities not only as providers of goods but also as job market creators. The timely and efficient recovery of business operations is crucial for serving the basic needs of disaster-stricken communities and the continuation of daily life activities, thus speeding up the return to "normalcy." The majority of private business is still unaware of the possibilities, opportunities, and advantages of engaging in disaster risk reduction (DRR)-related initiatives. The current paper argues that information sharing, access to funding, adequate and easy-to-understand and to follow rules and regulations, and functioning public institutions with designated coordinating bodies need to be in place to enable this process. This study concludes that coordinated, tailored, continuous efforts by both businesses and the public sector, supported by international organizations, will be needed to tackle the complex web of disaster challenges now and in the decades to follow. The paper will focus on East and South Asia as some of the most disaster-prone regions in the world, without comparing the success rate between the individual countries. It is, instead, intended as a perspective paper, aiming to provide a broad regional overview of some of the challenges and opportunities in engaging the private sector in disaster management, and to present some high-level policy suggestions on how to better address the existing issues. C1 [Mavrodieva, Aleksandrina, V; Shaw, Rajib] Keio Univ, Grad Sch Media & Governance, Shonan Fujisawa Campus,5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 2520882, Japan. RP Mavrodieva, AV (reprint author), Keio Univ, Grad Sch Media & Governance, Shonan Fujisawa Campus,5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 2520882, Japan. EM almavrodieva@gmail.com OI Mavrodieva, Aleksandrina/0000-0001-6342-6349 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of JapanMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Disaster Resilience and Sustainable Development Program of the Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Japan; Japan Bosai Platform; ADRRN Tokyo Innovation Hub FX The first author is thankful to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan for the provided scholarship to conduct research in the field of disaster risk reduction, and for the support received from the Disaster Resilience and Sustainable Development Program of the Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Japan, in conducting this study. The author would also like to extend his gratitude to the Japan Bosai Platform and the ADRRN Tokyo Innovation Hub for the information and support provided through informal interviews and discussions. 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Hence, the health sector should be prepared to deal with the consequences of emergencies. This study aimed to explore Iranian disaster management status and to identify the necessary characteristics of successful incident commanders in this field. Methods A qualitative content analysis was designed using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 commanders and experts, selected by purposeful sampling, who had first-hand experiences in managing health disasters. Field notes, formal institutional reports, and photos were employed as well. Verbatim transcribed interviews and other data sources were analyzed using constant comparison method. Ethical issues were considered carefully throughout the study process. Results Two main themes were developed: The first theme, "limbo situation," as expression of the problem describes inadequacies and complexities of disaster management in Iranian health sector, including seven categories. The second theme was "effective disaster leadership" consisting of "commanders' traits" and "commanders' competencies" as subthemes. Conclusions The study demonstrated the chaotic feature of disaster management in Iran and probably some other developing countries, with crucial and unclear role of field commanders. Working under stress, time pressure, uncertainty, and management of paradoxes needs timely and on-field decision making. This study revealed that Iranian health sector incident commanders should be transformational leaders with the ability of influencing subordinate staff and have Janusian thinking skills for overcoming the existing limbo situation. C1 [Nasiri, Ali] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth Management & Informat Sci, Dept Hlth Disasters & Emergencies, Tehran, Iran. [Aryankhesal, Aidin] Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Aryankhesal, Aidin] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth Management & Informat Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Tehran, Iran. 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J. Health Plan. Manag. DI 10.1002/hpm.2816 EA JUL 2019 PG 15 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IK0JP UT WOS:000476279200001 PM 31309603 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ullah, R Rehman, MAU Kim, BS AF Ullah, Rehmat Rehman, Muhammad Atif Ur Kim, Byung Seo TI Hierarchical Name-Based Mechanism for Push-Data Broadcast Control in Information-Centric Multihop Wireless Networks SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE named data networking; wireless sensor networks; sensors; push support; Internet of Things; message storming; Vehicular NDNs AB By design, Named Data Networking (NDN) supports pull-based traffic, where content is retrieved only upon consumer request. However, some of the use cases (i.e., emergency situations) in the Internet of Things (IoT) requires push-based traffic, where a producer broadcasts the data based on the emergency situation without any consumer request. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the existing NDN forwarding engine when designing for an IoT scenario. Although solutions are provided to enable push-based traffic in IoT, the main solutions in the current literature lack data broadcast control design. Moreover, the existing solutions use an additional interest messages exchange, which creates extra overheads in the network, thereby resulting in higher delay and lower throughput. In this paper, therefore, we propose a name-based push-data broadcast control scheme for IoT systems, and consider two scenarios, i.e., smart buildings and vehicular networks. The proposed scheme consists of a robust content namespace design, device namespace design, and minor amendments to the data packet format and unsolicited data policy of the forwarding engine as well. The evaluation is carried out for both scenarios. Simulation experiments show that the proposed scheme outperforms the recent proposed schemes in terms of total number of data packets processed in the network, total energy consumption, and average delay in the network by varying the number of data packets per 2 s and varying vehicle speed. C1 [Ullah, Rehmat; Rehman, Muhammad Atif Ur] Hongik Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Sejong City 30016, South Korea. [Kim, Byung Seo] Hongik Univ, Dept Software & Commun Engn, Sejong City 30016, South Korea. RP Kim, BS (reprint author), Hongik Univ, Dept Software & Commun Engn, Sejong City 30016, South Korea. EM jsnbs@hongik.ac.kr OI Kim, Byung-Seo/0000-0001-9824-1950 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through the Korea Government [2018R1A2B6002399] FX This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through the Korea Government (2018R1A2B6002399). 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The proposed system provides remote consultation and monitoring of pediatric patients during their illness at places distant from medical service areas. The system not only shares instant medical data with a pediatrician but also examines the data as a smart medical assistant to detect any emergency situation. In addition, it uses an inference engine to infer instant suggestions for performing certain initial medical treatment steps when necessary. The applied methodologies and main technical contributions have three aspects: (a) pediatric consultation and monitoring ontology, (b) semantic Web rule knowledge base, and (c) inference engine. Two case studies with real pediatric patients are provided and discussed. The reported results of the applied case studies are promising, and they demonstrate the applicability, effectiveness, and efficiency of the proposed approach. C1 [Ertugrul, Duygu Celik] Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Fac Engn, Via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey. [Ulusoy, Ali Hakan] Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Sch Comp & Technol, Via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey. RP Ertugrul, DC (reprint author), Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Fac Engn, Via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey. EM duygu.celik@emu.edu.tr RI Ulusoy, Ali Hakan/D-4752-2013 OI Ulusoy, Ali Hakan/0000-0002-2992-9265 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF); Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [3140417] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under 1501 type funding program, grant number 3140417, in 2014. 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J. Sci. Technol. Innov. Dev. DI 10.1080/20421338.2019.1634899 EA JUL 2019 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA IN3DG UT WOS:000478556200001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nsengiyumva, JB Luo, GP Hakorimana, E Mind'je, R Gasirabo, A Mukanyandwi, V AF Nsengiyumva, Jean Baptiste Luo, Geping Hakorimana, Egide Mind'je, Richard Gasirabo, Aboubakar Mukanyandwi, Valentine TI Comparative Analysis of Deterministic and Semiquantitative Approaches for Shallow Landslide Risk Modeling in Rwanda SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Disaster; landslide; natural hazard; risk map; Rwanda ID MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION MODEL; BLACK-SEA REGION; SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; RANDOM FOREST; GIS; HAZARD; PREDICTION; DECISION; ASSESSMENTS AB The use of appropriate approaches to produce risk maps is critical in landslide disaster management. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the stability index mapping (SINMAP) and the spatial multicriteria evaluation (SMCE) models for landslide risk modeling in Rwanda. The SINMAP used the digital elevation model in conjunction with physical soil parameters to determine the factor of safety. The SMCE method used six layers of landslide conditioning factors. In total, 155 past landslide locations were used for training and model validation. The results showed that the SMCE performed better than the SINMAP model. Thus, the receiver operating characteristic and three statistical estimators-accuracy, precision, and the root mean square error (RMSE)-were used to validate and compare the predictive capabilities of the two models. Therefore, the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.883 and 0.798, respectively, for the SMCE and SINMAP. In addition, the SMCE model produced the highest accuracy and precision values of 0.770 and 0.734, respectively. For the RMSE values, the SMCE produced better prediction than SINMAP (0.332 and 0.398, respectively). The overall comparison of results confirmed that both SINMAP and SMCE models are promising approaches for landslide risk prediction in central-east Africa. C1 [Nsengiyumva, Jean Baptiste; Luo, Geping; Hakorimana, Egide; Mind'je, Richard; Gasirabo, Aboubakar; Mukanyandwi, Valentine] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, 818 South Beijing Rd, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. [Nsengiyumva, Jean Baptiste; Luo, Geping] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecol & Environm Cent Asia, Urumqi, Peoples R China. [Nsengiyumva, Jean Baptiste; Luo, Geping; Hakorimana, Egide; Mind'je, Richard; Gasirabo, Aboubakar; Mukanyandwi, Valentine] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Nsengiyumva, Jean Baptiste] INES Ruhengeri, Fac Appl Fundamental Sci, Dept Land Survey, Ruhengeri, Rwanda. [Hakorimana, Egide; Mind'je, Richard; Gasirabo, Aboubakar; Mukanyandwi, Valentine] Univ Lay Adventists Kigali, Fac Environm Studies, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Luo, GP (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, 818 South Beijing Rd, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. EM luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn FU International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [131551KYSB20160002]; China-Africa Joint Research Centre Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [SAJC201610] FX The authors are grateful for the support from the Area Editor of the Risk Analysis journal and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable contribution to this article. Their input, comments, and suggestions significantly improved the quality of the article. This research has been supported by the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Number 131551KYSB20160002) and the China-Africa Joint Research Centre Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Number SAJC201610). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. 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DI 10.1111/risa.13359 EA JUL 2019 PG 20 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA IL2WN UT WOS:000477160700001 PM 31291492 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wukich, C Hu, Q Siciliano, MD AF Wukich, Clayton Hu, Qian Siciliano, Michael D. TI Cross-Sector Emergency Information Networks on Social Media: Online Bridging and Bonding Communication Patterns SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article DE information networks; social media; emergency management; bridging and bonding; network analysis ID MANAGEMENT NETWORKS; PERFORMANCE; GOVERNMENT; COLLABORATION; RISK; COORDINATION; ORGANIZATIONS; EVACUATION; ADOPTION AB A key challenge for public administrators is facilitating communication among diverse actors. This article illustrates the information seeking and sharing preferences of notable emergency information suppliers on social media who operate primarily within four states. Through homophily and brokerage analyses, two basic communication preferences were noted: (a) bridging patterns in which actors interact with diverse sources of information, and (b) bonding patterns in which actors rely on sources from similar backgrounds. Both provide value for practitioners. A crucial task, then, is to balance those approaches and adjust to the shifting demands of the external environment. C1 [Wukich, Clayton] Cleveland State Univ, Maxine Goodman Levin Coll Urban Affairs, 2121 Euclid Ave,UR320, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Hu, Qian] Univ Cent Florida, Sch Publ Adm, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Siciliano, Michael D.] Univ Illinois, Publ Adm, Chicago, IL USA. RP Wukich, C (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Maxine Goodman Levin Coll Urban Affairs, 2121 Euclid Ave,UR320, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. 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Rev. Public Adm. PD OCT PY 2019 VL 49 IS 7 BP 825 EP 839 AR UNSP 0275074019861701 DI 10.1177/0275074019861701 EA JUL 2019 PG 15 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA IU5RP UT WOS:000475072100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Stone, JT Waldman, S Yumagulova, L AF Stone, Jeremy T. Waldman, Suzanne Yumagulova, Lilia TI Filling the gaps: the potential and limitations of emergent, ICT-enabled organisation in disaster - a case study of the Cajun Army SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Spontaneous volunteers; collective intelligence; innovation; information and communication technology ID VOLUNTEER ARMY; SOCIAL MEDIA; POWER AB Most recent research on unaffiliated volunteers in disasters has focused on coordination, integration, and management of labour itself. A less prominent line of research focuses on qualities emergent groups of unaffiliated volunteers can contribute to emergency response or recovery that official organisations may be less equipped to provide, including: organisational agility, flexible problem-solving, and early access to technological expertise and innovation, especially in the domain of information and communication technology (ICT). During recent hurricanes and floods in coastal Louisiana and Texas, groups such as the Cajun Navy utilised Zello - an agile variation of Short Message Service (SMS) that converts a cellphone into a universal walkie talkie - to coordinate emergency response and recovery for disaster victims. This paper analyses the emergence of the volunteer-based 'Cajun Army' and its bricoleur-like assemblage of ICT applications like Zello, Facebook, and other media to recruit and coordinate volunteers, manage the recovery needs of disaster victims, and deploy resources in the field. The Cajun Army case study serves as an example of how technological innovation is improvised by the emergent voluntary sector in the midst of crises and can be stabilised for repeated contributions to emergency management. C1 [Stone, Jeremy T.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Environm, Burnaby, BC, Canada. [Waldman, Suzanne] Def Res & Dev Canadas Ctr Secur Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Yumagulova, Lilia] Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Stone, JT (reprint author), 08888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. 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Prasarnphanich, Ong-Orn Kassenborg, Heidi Yulizar, Erinaldi Fauzi, Rama P. Budayanti, Nyoman S. Suwandono, Agus Artama, Wayan T. Valeri, Linda Pelican, Katharine M. TI Strengthening multi-sectoral collaboration on critical health issues: One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit (OH-SMART) for operationalizing One Health SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHALLENGES; LEADERSHIP AB Addressing critical global health issues, such as antimicrobial resistance, infectious disease outbreaks, and natural disasters, requires strong coordination and management across sectors. The One Health approach is the integrative effort of multiple sectors working to attain optimal health for people, animals, and the environment, and is increasingly recognized by experts as a means to address complex challenges. However, practical application of the One Health approach has been challenging. The One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit (OH-SMART) introduced in this paper was designed using a multistage prototyping process to support systematic improvement in multi-sectoral coordination and collaboration to better address complex health concerns through an operational, stepwise, and practical One Health approach. To date, OH-SMART has been used to strengthen One Health systems in 17 countries and has been deployed to revise emergency response frameworks, improve antimicrobial resistance national action plans and create multi agency infectious disease collaboration protocols. OH-SMART has proven to be user friendly, robust, and capable of fostering multi-sectoral collaboration and complex system-wide problem solving. C1 [Vesterinen, Heidi M.; Prasarnphanich, Ong-Orn] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Populat Med Dept, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dutcher, Tracey V.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Errecaborde, Kaylee M.; Mahero, Michael W.; Macy, Katelyn W.; Valeri, Linda; Pelican, Katharine M.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Populat Med Dept, Hlth Div 1, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kassenborg, Heidi] Minnesota Dept Agr, St Paul, MN USA. [Yulizar, Erinaldi] Vet Serv West Sumatra, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. [Fauzi, Rama P.] Coordinating Minist Peoples Welf, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Budayanti, Nyoman S.] Udayana Univ, Fac Med, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. [Suwandono, Agus] Univ Diponegoro, Coll Publ Hlth, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. [Artama, Wayan T.] Univ Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. RP Vesterinen, HM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Populat Med Dept, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM veste012@umn.edu FU University of Minnesota Center for Animal Health and Food Safety One Health seed grantUniversity of Minnesota System; United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [16-9794-2530-CA, 14-9794-2248-CA]; U.S. Department of State grants [S-LMAQM-15-GR-1143, S-LMAQM-17-CA-2067]; United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agriculture ServiceUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [TA-CR-14-064, TA-CR-16-014]; US Agency for International Development grantUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID) [AID-OAA-A-15-00014]; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID); United States Agency for International Development (USAID) One Health Workforce ProjectUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID); United States Department of State Lower Mekong Initiative; United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service; Bio-engagement programs FX This work was supported by a University of Minnesota Center for Animal Health and Food Safety One Health seed grant (No grant number available, PI: Jean Kamanzi and Joe Annelli, Katey Pelican team member, https://www.cahfs.umn.edu/), by two United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service cooperative agreements (Grant numbers 16-9794-2530-CA and 14-9794-2248-CA. PI: Katharine Pelican, https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/sa_one_health), by two U.S. Department of State grants (Grant Numbers: S-LMAQM-15-GR-1143 and S-LMAQM-17-CA-2067, PI: Katharine Pelican, https://www.state.gov/t/pm/wra/c11811.htm), by two United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agriculture Service grants (Grant numbers TA-CR-14-064 and TA-CR-16-014, PI: Katharine Pelican, https://www.fas.usda.gov/grants) and by a US Agency for International Development grant (Grant number AID-OAA-A-15-00014. PI: Katharine Pelican, https://www.usaid.gov/work-usaid/get-grant-or-contract/opportunities-fun ding), and by financial support from The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to conduct antimicrobial resistance related OH-SMART workshops. Under the cooperative agreements, this tool has been jointly developed and implemented with the United States Department of Agriculture.; We would like to thank the important contributions of colleagues from UMN, USDA and the Stone Mountain meeting working groups. These include: Jeein Chung, Joe Annelli, Jane Rooney, Jean Kamanzi, Carol Rubin, Craig Stephen and Barry Stemshorn. This work has been supported by many funders including the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) One Health Workforce Project, the United States Department of State Lower Mekong Initiative, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service and Bio-engagement programs. We would also like to thank Dr. Wiku Adisasmito and our colleagues at the Indonesia One Health University Network for identifying and supporting the Indonesia OH-SMART master facilitator team. 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Journal. DI 10.1080/21670811.2019.1636693 EA JUL 2019 PG 17 WC Communication SC Communication GA IH6AF UT WOS:000474573900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sinthumule, NI Mudau, NV AF Sinthumule, Ndidzulafhi, I Mudau, Ntavheleni, V TI Participatory approach to flood disaster management in Thohoyandou SO JAMBA-JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Participatory Rural Appraisal; Participatory Approach; Disaster Management; Floods; Communities ID REFLECTIONS; BANGLADESH; KNOWLEDGE; CHOICES AB In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in research from 'top-down' directives to 'bottom-up' planning. Thus, there has been a change from imposing strategies to a participatory approach by indigenous people. This study uses the participatory approach to flood disaster management in Thohoyandou and its environs. The aim of this study is twofold: first, to understand the perception of communities towards floods hazards; and second, to probe how communities respond to flood hazards and how this knowledge can be used in the planning and management of future disasters. In order to achieve these objectives, participatory rural appraisal (PRA), interviews and observation were used as data collection techniques. The study found that there was consensus among the participants that flooding is a natural process, but human activities enhance the risks of flooding. Human activities that were found to be the causes of flood included clearance of vegetation, cultivation in steep slope areas, the effect of relief, urbanisation, poor designs and maintenance of drainage system and settlement in inadequate areas. The study found that local communities did not cope when there was flooding. However, they suggested strategies that should be used to cope with future flood hazards. 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Disaster Risk Stud. PD JUL 4 PY 2019 VL 11 AR a711 DI 10.4102/jamba.v11i3.711 PG 7 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA IH4BI UT WOS:000474436200001 PM 31308899 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chuang, CC Rau, JY Lai, MK Shih, CL AF Chuang, Chia-Chang Rau, Jiann-Yeou Lai, Meng-Kuan Shih, Chung-Liang TI Combining Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, and Internet Protocol Cameras to Reconstruct 3-D Disaster Scenes During Rescue Operations SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE unmanned aerial vehicle; internet-protocol camera; 3-D reconstruction imagery; emergency response; earthquake ID TRIAGE AB Objective: Strong earthquakes often cause massive structural and nonstructural damage, timely assessment of the catastrophe related massive casualty incidents (MCIs) for deploying rescue resource are critical in order to minimize ongoing fatalities. A magnitude 6.6 earthquake struck southern Taiwan on February 6, 2016 (the so-called 02/06 Meinong earthquake). It led to 117 deaths and 522 injuries. Advanced technologies including aerial devices and innovation concept were adopted for more effective rescue efforts. We would like to share our innovative concept in MCIs experienced in 02/06 Meinong earthquake in 2016. Methods: A collapsed building, Weiguan residential apartment complex, was the most devastating building collapsed in Tainan, resulting in 115 people killed. Regional Emergency Medical Operational Centers (REMOCs), supervised by Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare, were activated immediately and collaborated with Tainan City government command center to initiate emergency rescue reliefs. Results: We, for the first time, attempted to use cyber devices including an internet-protocol camera and a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a high-resolution digital camera used to acquire imagery during the rescue operation. Moreover, a photo-realistic 3-D model reconstructed by the acquired UAV imagery could provide real-time information from UAV to rescue team leaders in remote location for effectively deploying medical posts and emergency resources at scene. Conclusion: We proposed the concept of real-time UAV imagery for reconstructing photo-realistic 3-D model, which might greatly improve prehospital emergency management after disaster. C1 [Chuang, Chia-Chang] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Emergency Med, 138 Sheng Li Rd, Tainan 70428, Taiwan. [Chuang, Chia-Chang] Minist Hlth & Welf, Reg Emergency Med Operat Ctr, 138 Shen Li Rd, Tainan 704, Taiwan. [Rau, Jiann-Yeou] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Geomat, Tainan, Taiwan. [Lai, Meng-Kuan] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Business Adm, Tainan, Taiwan. [Shih, Chung-Liang] Minist Hlth & Welf, Med Affairs, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Chuang, CC (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Emergency Med, 138 Sheng Li Rd, Tainan 70428, Taiwan.; Chuang, CC (reprint author), Minist Hlth & Welf, Reg Emergency Med Operat Ctr, 138 Shen Li Rd, Tainan 704, Taiwan. 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Care PD JUL 4 PY 2019 VL 23 IS 4 BP 479 EP 484 DI 10.1080/10903127.2018.1528323 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IG0YN UT WOS:000473517000005 PM 30260257 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, XH Kar, B Zhang, CY Cochran, DM AF Liu, Xiaohui Kar, Bandana Zhang, Chaoyang Cochran, David M. TI Assessing relevance of tweets for risk communication SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Content relevance; Twitter; spatiotemporal data mining; emergency management; risk communication ID QUALITY AB Although Twitter is used for emergency management activities, the relevance of tweets during a hazard event is still open to debate. In this study, six different computational (i.e. Natural Language Processing) and spatiotemporal analytical approaches were implemented to assess the relevance of risk information extracted from tweets obtained during the 2013 Colorado flood event. Primarily, tweets containing information about the flooding events and its impacts were analysed. Examination of the relationships between tweet volume and its content with precipitation amount, damage extent, and official reports revealed that relevant tweets provided information about the event and its impacts rather than any other risk information that public expects to receive via alert messages. However, only 14% of the geo-tagged tweets and only 0.06% of the total fire hose tweets were found to be relevant to the event. By providing insight into the quality of social media data and its usefulness to emergency management activities, this study contributes to the literature on quality of big data. Future research in this area would focus on assessing the reliability of relevant tweets for disaster related situational awareness. C1 [Liu, Xiaohui] Dalhousie Univ, Resilience Res Ctr, 6420 Coburg Rd, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Kar, Bandana] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Urban Dynam Inst, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Zhang, Chaoyang] Univ Southern Mississippi, Sch Comp, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Cochran, David M.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Geog & Geol, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Liu, XH (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Resilience Res Ctr, 6420 Coburg Rd, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM xiaohuiliugis@gmail.com OI Kar, Bandana/0000-0002-0510-658X; Liu, Xiaohui/0000-0002-4161-0388 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1335187]; Department of Homeland Security ContractUnited States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) [HSHQDC-12-C-00057]; Department of Geography and Geology at The University of Southern Mississippi FX This research was funded partially by the National Science Foundation [grant no CMMI-1335187], the Department of Homeland Security Contract [grant no HSHQDC-12-C-00057], and the 2014, 2015, and 2016 Arthell Kelley Scholarships from the Department of Geography and Geology at The University of Southern Mississippi. 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Earth PD JUL 3 PY 2019 VL 12 IS 7 BP 781 EP 801 DI 10.1080/17538947.2018.1480670 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IE0GS UT WOS:000472065700001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ejaz, W Azam, MA Saadat, S Iqbal, F Hanan, A AF Ejaz, Waleed Azam, Muhammad Awais Saadat, Salman Iqbal, Farkhund Hanan, Abdul TI Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Enabled IoT Platform for Disaster Management SO ENERGIES LA English DT Article DE Internet of Things; 5G and beyond networks; named data networks; wildfire management ID INFORMATION-CENTRIC NETWORKING; NAMED DATA NETWORKING; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; INTERNET; THINGS; UAVS; CHALLENGES; SEARCH; SKY AB Efficient and reliable systems are required to detect and monitor disasters such as wildfires as well as to notify the people in the disaster-affected areas. Internet of Things (IoT) is the key paradigm that can address the multitude problems related to disaster management. In addition, an unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-enabled IoT platform connected via cellular network can further enhance the robustness of the disaster management system. The UAV-enabled IoT platform is based on three main research areas: (i) ground IoT network; (ii) communication technologies for ground and aerial connectivity; and (iii) data analytics. In this paper, we provide a holistic view of a UAVs-enabled IoT platform which can provide ubiquitous connectivity to both aerial and ground users in challenging environments such as wildfire management. We then highlight key challenges for the design of an efficient and reliable IoT platform. We detail a case study targeting the design of an efficient ground IoT network that can detect and monitor fire and send notifications to people using named data networking (NDN) architecture. 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J. Prod. Res. DI 10.1080/00207543.2019.1634293 EA JUL 2019 PG 26 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA II2AG UT WOS:000475004300001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Werner, TT Bebbington, A Gregory, G AF Werner, T. T. Bebbington, Anthony Gregory, Gillian TI Assessing impacts of mining: Recent contributions from GIS and remote sensing SO EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES AND SOCIETY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE GIS; Remote sensing; Mining; Impact assessment; Land use change ID ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; ACID-MINE-DRAINAGE; LAND-USE CHANGE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; SOIL-EROSION; TIME-SERIES; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES AB Mining produces several environmental, social, and economic impacts which can be analysed spatially using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS). This paper provides an overview of recent studies using these techniques to assess mining impacts on water, land, and society. It also highlights the geographic complexities of these impacts via mining case studies, and discusses spatial research methods, data sources, and limitations. Despite noted simplifications, risks, and uncertainties of mapping the impacts of mining, the cases included in our overview illustrate that there are clearly beneficial applications. At a local level, these include environmental and socioeconomic risk assessments, disaster mitigation, and adjudication on mine-related conflicts. At a regional level, spatial analyses can support cumulative and strategic impact assessments. At a global level, spatial analyses can reveal industry-wide land use trends, and provide key land use data for comparative analyses of mining impacts between commodities, locations, and mine configurations. The degree to which such benefits are realised will likely depend on the resources afforded to what is a growing field of study. C1 [Werner, T. T.; Gregory, Gillian] Univ Melbourne, Sch Geog, 221 Bouverie St, Carlton, Vic, Australia. [Bebbington, Anthony] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. RP Werner, TT (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Geog, 221 Bouverie St, Carlton, Vic, Australia. EM tim.werner@unimelb.edu.au OI Gregory, Gillian/0000-0002-5927-1214 FU Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council [FL160100072] FX This study has been conducted as a component of the Australian Research Council funded Laureate project "Assessing the relationships among mining, society and environment under conditions of climate change: an international comparative analysis oriented towards building human-environment theory" (Grant FL160100072). The authors would like to thank Nick Cuba for his helpful comments on the original manuscript. 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Ind. Soc. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 6 IS 3 BP 993 EP 1012 DI 10.1016/j.exis.2019.06.011 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IX6OX UT WOS:000485804600036 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, SC AF Chen, Shu-Ching TI Multimedia for Autonomous Driving SO IEEE MULTIMEDIA LA English DT Editorial Material AB Multimedia has played an indispensable role in the success of various real-world applications, from smart healthcare to intelligent surveillance systems. In this new era of technology, one of these essential and useful applications is autonomous driving or self-driving cars. The idea of driverless vehicles was introduced many years ago when autopilot systems were designed for airplanes. However, over the past few years, there have been incredible advances in autonomous driving, thanks to new technologies in multimedia and artificial intelligence. In particular, multimedia research using a broad range of techniques such as machine learning, computer vision, audio processing, simulation systems, robotics, and big data has significantly enhanced and expedited the autonomous driving technology over time. In addition to the main applications of self-driving cars such as autonomous delivery vehicles, taxis, and freight trucks, the autonomous driving technology can provide many opportunities in military, constructions, healthcare, and emergency management. Despite the effectiveness and efficiency that self-driving cars bring to the future of transportation, many challenges remain that need to be solved before fully-autonomous driving becomes a reality. C1 [Chen, Shu-Ching] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Chen, SC (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. 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Design/methodology/approach The developed model employs a methodology for knowledge discovery involving text mining techniques and uses latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) with collapsed Gibbs sampling to obtain topics related to crime. Findings The method used in this study enabled identification of the most common crimes that occurred in the period from 1 January to 31 December of 2016. An analysis of the identified topics reaffirmed that crimes do not occur in a linear manner in a given locality. In this study, 40 per cent of the crimes identified in integrated public safety area 5, or AISP 5 (the historic centre of the city of RJ), had no correlation with AISP 19 (Copacabana - RJ), and 33 per cent of the crimes in AISP 19 were not identified in AISP 5. Research limitations/implications - The collected data represent the social dynamics of neighbourhoods in the central and southern zones of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the specific period from January 2013 to December 2016. This limitation implies that the results cannot be generalised to areas with different characteristics. Practical implications - The developed methodology contributes in a complementary manner to the identification of criminal practices and their characteristics based on police occurrence reports stored in emergency response databases. The generated knowledge enables law enforcement experts to assess, reformulate and construct differentiated strategies for combating crimes in a given locality. Social implications The production of knowledge from the emergency service database contributes to the government integrating information with other databases, thus enabling the improvement of strategies to combat local crime. The proposed model contributes to research on big data, on the innovation aspect and on decision support, for it breaks with a paradigm of analysis of criminal information. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the integration of text mining techniques and LDA to detect crimes in a given locality on the basis of the criminal occurrence reports stored in emergency response service databases. C1 [Basilio, Marcio Pereira] Fed Fluminense Univ, Ind Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pereira, Valdecy] Fed Fluminense Univ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Brum, Gabrielle] Fed Fluminense Univ, Oil Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Basilio, MP (reprint author), Fed Fluminense Univ, Ind Engn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. 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PD JUL 1 PY 2019 VL 53 IS 3 BP 333 EP 372 DI 10.1108/DTA-12-2018-0109 PG 40 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA IU7KY UT WOS:000483764000006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Harrison, S Johnson, P AF Harrison, Sara Johnson, Peter TI Challenges in the adoption of crisis crowdsourcing and social media in Canadian emergency management SO GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE Emergency management; Crisis crowdsourcing; Government crowdsourcing; Social media; Disaster management ID VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; DIGITAL DIVIDE; BROAD-BAND; CREDIBILITY; COMMUNICATION; TRANSPARENCY; PERSPECTIVES; CITIZENS; MODELS; ACCESS AB When a disaster occurs, government agencies are responsible for managing the response and recovery efforts of the impacted communities and infrastructure. Crowdsourcing and social media are widely used in disaster response, yet their primary implementation and application are often via non-governmental agencies and private citizens. A review of the literature suggests that government emergency management agencies in Canada have made little documented progress in adopting crowdsourcing or social media for emergency management. Most of the literature around crowdsourcing and social media for emergency management focus on its use or role outside of Canada (e.g. the USA, Australia, etc.). In order for government agencies in Canada to progress, it is important to identify the Canada-specific barriers and constraints. This study offers a new perspective from Canadian government emergency management agencies to address this gap. Through a series of semi-structured interviews with 15 government officials from 14 agencies, this study identifies the primary challenges and constraints faced by Canadian agencies looking to adopt crisis crowdsourcing. Results indicate that organizational factors, policies, and federal legislation in Canada present barriers to crisis crowdsourcing (including crowdsourcing through social media) adoption within agencies at various levels of government. Based on these results, recommendations are made to support the adoption of crisis crowdsourcing amongst Canadian government agencies. C1 [Harrison, Sara; Johnson, Peter] Univ Waterloo, Dept Geog & Environm Management, 200 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Harrison, Sara] Massey Univ, Joint Ctr Disaster Res, Wellington Campus,POB 756, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. RP Harrison, S (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Geog & Environm Management, 200 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; Harrison, S (reprint author), Massey Univ, Joint Ctr Disaster Res, Wellington Campus,POB 756, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. EM s.harrison@massey.ac.nz; peter.johnson@uwaterloo.ca FU Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding for this research from Geothink, a Canadian geospatial and open data research partnership funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). 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TI Challenges, Opportunities, and Pitfalls for Global Coupled Hydrologic-Hydraulic Modeling of Floods SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS; RIVER-BASIN; SURFACE-WATER; TIME-SERIES; INUNDATION DYNAMICS; EARTH-OBSERVATION; LAND-SURFACE; SRTM DEM; SCALE; PRECIPITATION AB Flood modeling at the regional to global scale is a key requirement for equitable emergency and land management. Coupled hydrological-hydraulic models are at the core of flood forecasting and risk assessment models. Nevertheless, each model is subject to uncertainties from different sources (e.g., model structure, parameters, and inputs). Understanding how uncertainties propagate through the modeling cascade is essential to invest in data collection, increase flood modeling accuracy, and comprehensively communicate modeling results to end users. This study used a numerical experiment to quantify the propagation of errors when coupling hydrological and hydraulic models for multiyear flood event modeling in a large basin, with large morphological and hydrological variability. A coupled modeling chain consisting of the hydrological model Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning and the hydraulic model LISFLOOD-FP was used for the prediction of floodplain inundation in the Murray Darling Basin (Australia), from 2006 to 2012. The impacts of discrepancies between simulated and measured flow hydrographs on the predicted inundation patterns were analyzed by moving from small upstream catchments to large lowland catchments. The numerical experiment was able to identify areas requiring tailored modeling solutions or data collection. Moreover, this study highlighted the high sensitivity of inundation volume and extent prediction to uncertainties in flood peak values and explored challenges in time-continuous modeling. Accurate flood peak predictions, knowledge of critical morphological features, and an event-based modeling approach were outlined as pragmatic solutions for more accurate prediction of large-scale spatiotemporal patterns of flood dynamics, particularly in the presence of low-accuracy elevation data. Plain Language Summary Floods are among the most devastating natural hazards, affecting multiple regions and millions of people each year. Accurate inundation predictions are vital information for land and emergency management. This objective can be achieved through a cascade of numerical models. However, each model is subject to uncertainties from different sources (e.g., input data, model structure, and parameters), and an understanding of how these uncertainties are propagated through each step of the modeling cascade is pivotal to improving inundation prediction accuracy. This study investigated the impact of uncertainties in streamflow predictions on the accuracy of floodplain inundation predictions. For this purpose, the Murray Darling Basin (Australia), a large basin that is affected by destructive floods, was used as a case study. The analysis illustrated the high sensitivity of floodplain inundation predictions to predicted streamflow peak values. Moreover, when attempting to model a long time series of low- and high-flow periods, uncertainties in the inundation patterns increased over time and from upstream to downstream areas of the basin. These results demonstrated the need for accurate predictions of streamflow peak values and suggested that focusing on the modeling of each large flood event separately is a more effective strategy for reliable inundation predictions. C1 [Grimaldi, S.; Shokri, A.; Walker, J. P.; Pauwels, V. R. N.] Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic, Australia. [Schumann, G. J-P] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Schumann, G. J-P] Romote Sensing Solut Inc, Barnstable, MA USA. RP Grimaldi, S (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic, Australia. EM Stefania.Grimaldi@monash.edu RI Schumann, Guy/V-8342-2017 OI Schumann, Guy/0000-0003-0968-7198; Pauwels, Valentijn/0000-0002-1290-9313 FU Bushfire and Natural Hazards Collaborative Research Centre grant "Improving Flood Forecast Skill Using Remote Sensing Data"; Monash UniversityMonash University; Monash International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (MIPRS)Monash University FX Stefania Grimaldi is funded through the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Collaborative Research Centre grant "Improving Flood Forecast Skill Using Remote Sensing Data." Ashkan Shokri acknowledges the support from Monash University in the form of a Monash Graduate Scholarship (MGS) and Monash International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (MIPRS). The authors thank Francesco Dottori, the two anonymous reviewers, the Associate Editor, and the Editor who provided comments that helped improve the quality of the manuscript. Tables S1-S3 are available in the supporting information. Measured 0.01 degrees maps of daily precipitation data were provided by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/austmaps/metadata-dailyrainfall.shtml) and can be obtained from the Australian National University Climate database, available from the data catalog hosted by the Australian National Computational Infrastructure (http://dapds00.nci.org.au/thredds/catalog/ub8/au/climate/catalog.html). Monthly 0.01 degrees maps of potential evapotranspiration data were generated using the eMAST R package, hosted by the Australian National Computational Infrastructure (http://dapds00.nci.org.au/thredds/catalog/rr9/eMAST-R-Package/eMAST-RPa ckage_v1-1_ potentialevapotranspiration_monthly_0-01deg_1970-2012/00000000/catalog. html). Satellite-derived GLEAM (Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model) evapotranspiration losses can be downloaded from https://www.gleam.eu/.Hourly time series of discharge observations are available from New South Wales Office of Water (http://realtimedata.water.nsw.gov.au/water.stm? ppbm= DAILY_REPORTS& dr& 3& drkd_ url), Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines (http://watermonitoring.derm.qld.gov.au/host.htm), and Victoria Department of Environment and Primary Industries (http://www.vicwaterdata.net/vicwaterdata/home.aspx).The Australian Hydrological Geospatial Fabric (Geofabric) including the Hydrology Reporting Regions and the river network is available from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (http://www.bom.gov.au/water/geofabric/index.shtml).The SRTM digital elevation model is available from https://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/.LISFLOODFP is available for noncommercial research purposes by contacting Paul Bates at the University of Bristol(paul.bates@bristol.ac.uk). 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Res. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 55 IS 7 BP 5277 EP 5300 DI 10.1029/2018WR024289 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA IR5AF UT WOS:000481444700007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Oldrini, O Armand, P Duchenne, C Perdriel, S AF Oldrini, Oliver Armand, Patrick Duchenne, Christophe Perdriel, Sylvie TI Parallelization Performances of PMSS Flow and Dispersion Modeling System over a Huge Urban Area SO ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE parallel modeling; PMSS modeling system; domain decomposition; built-up area; atmospheric flow and dispersion; crisis management ID SIMULATION; VALIDATION AB The use of modeling as a support tool for crisis management and decision planning requires fast simulations in complex built-up areas. The Parallel Micro SWIFT SPRAY (PMSS) modeling system offers a tradeoff between accuracy and fast calculations, while retaining the capability to model buildings at high resolution in three dimensions. PMSS has been applied to actual areas of responsibilities of emergency teams during the EMERGENCIES (very high rEsolution eMERGEncy simulatioN for citIES) and EMED (Emergencies for the MEDiterranean sea) projects: these areas cover several thousands of square kilometers. Usage of metric meshes on such large areas requires domain decomposition parallel algorithms within PMSS. Sensitivity and performance of the domain decomposition has been evaluated both for the flow and dispersion models, using from 341 up to 8052 computing cores. Efficiency of the Parallel SWIFT (PSWIFT) flow model on the EMED domain remains above 50% for up to 4700 cores. Influence of domain decomposition on the Parallel SPRAY (PSPRAY) Lagrangian dispersion model is less straightforward to evaluate due to the complex load balancing process. Due to load balancing, better performance is achieved with the finest domain decomposition. PMSS is able to simulate accidental or malevolent airborne release at high resolution on very large areas, consistent with emergency team responsibility constrains, and with computation time compatible with operational use. This demonstrates that PMSS is an important asset for emergency response applications. C1 [Oldrini, Oliver] MOKILI, F-75014 Paris, France. [Armand, Patrick; Duchenne, Christophe] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91219 Arpajon, France. [Perdriel, Sylvie] AmpliSIM, F-75014 Paris, France. RP Oldrini, O (reprint author), MOKILI, F-75014 Paris, France. 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One of the main critical aspects of a SEM service is the timeliness in providing relevant information in the hours following the event. The availability of a relevant post-event image is crucial; therefore, satellite sensors need to be programmed as soon as possible. The integration of a tsunami alerting system, like the one offered by the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS), can be highly beneficial in a SEM mechanism for streamlining and accelerating the satellite programming task and for generating first damage estimates. The GDACS tsunami model is validated using tidal gauge data and a post-event field survey. Tsunami model outputs are then exploited to automatically identify areas of interest to be used for immediate satellite acquisition triggering. Three alternative operational integration approaches are proposed, described and discussed, taking as use case the tsunami that struck the central Chilean coast after the 8.3 magnitude earthquake on 16 September 2015. C1 [Ajmar, Andrea] ITHACA, I-10138 Turin, Italy. [Annunziato, Alessandro; Wania, Annett] JRC, European Commiss, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Boccardo, Piero] Politecn Torino, Interuniv Dept Reg & Urban Studies & Planning, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Tonolo, Fabio Giulio] Politecn Torino, Dept Architecture & Design, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Ajmar, A (reprint author), ITHACA, I-10138 Turin, Italy. 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L., 2004, NUMERICAL MODELING W Pesaresi M., 1975, GHS BUILT GRID DERIV Schorlemmer D., 2018, P 20 EGU GEN ASS EGU, P12871 Spence R., 2011, P 9 PAC C EARTHQ ENG Ural S, 2011, INT J APPL EARTH OBS, V13, P841, DOI 10.1016/j.jag.2011.06.004 Voigt S, 2016, SCIENCE, V353, P247, DOI 10.1126/science.aad8728 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-3263 J9 GEOSCIENCES JI Geosciences PD JUL PY 2019 VL 9 IS 7 AR UNSP 314 DI 10.3390/geosciences9070314 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA IN9NI UT WOS:000479005300036 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bae, SM Lee, MS Kim, E Kim, J Lee, J Hwang, JW Chang, HY Lee, CS Park, J Bhang, SY AF Bae, Seung Min Lee, Mi-Sun Kim, Eunji Kim, Jiyoun Lee, Juhyun Hwang, Jun-Won Chang, Hyoung Yoon Lee, Cheol-Soon Park, Jangho Bhang, Soo-Young TI Mental Health Interventions Provided by Volunteer Psychiatrists after the Sewol Ferry Disaster: April 16-November 30, 2014 SO PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Volunteer psychiatrist; Disaster psychiatry; Mental health intervention; Trauma; Sewol Ferry disaster ID STRESS-DISORDER SYMPTOMS; COMMUNITY VOLUNTEERS; IMPACT; WORK AB Objective The aim of this study was to examine the experience of volunteer psychiatrists who provided mental health interventions to adolescents and teachers of Danwon High School from April 16, 2014, to November 30, 2014. Methods Data for this study were collected from 72 volunteer psychiatrists about their intervention experiences for 212 adolescents and 32 teachers during the eight months following the disaster. Developmental survey themes were identified, and coding was used to analyze the data. In addition, qualitative data analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti (version 8.2, 2018, ATLAS.ti GmbH). Results A volunteer prepared with appropriate mental health interventions may facilitate the emergency response to a disaster. Intervention services included psychological first aid, psychoeducation, screening, anxiety reduction techniques, and group therapy. Conclusion In the acute aftermath of the Sewol Ferry disaster of April 16, 2014, volunteer psychiatrists were able to provide mental health interventions in a disaster response setting. The outcomes from this study have important policy and mental health system implications for volunteer psychiatrists. The results of this study constitute the basis of a better understanding of the essential mechanisms of crisis interventions after a disaster. C1 [Bae, Seung Min] Gachon Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Gil Med Ctr, Incheon, South Korea. [Lee, Mi-Sun] Nungin Univ, Dept Meditat Psychol, Hwaseong, South Korea. [Kim, Eunji] Maumtodak Psychiat Clin, Ansan, South Korea. [Kim, Jiyoun] Goodmind Psychiat Clin, Suwon, South Korea. [Lee, Juhyun] Inarae Psychiat Clin, Seoul, South Korea. [Hwang, Jun-Won] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, Hyoung Yoon] Ajou Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Suwon, South Korea. [Chang, Hyoung Yoon] Sunflower Ctr Southern Gyeonggi Women & Children, Suwon, South Korea. [Lee, Cheol-Soon] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Sch Med, Changwon Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Chang Won, South Korea. [Park, Jangho] Univ Ulsan, Ulsan Univ Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Ulsan, South Korea. [Bhang, Soo-Young] Eulji Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Eulji Univ Hosp, 68 Hangeulbiseok Ro, Seoul 01830, South Korea. RP Bhang, SY (reprint author), Eulji Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Eulji Univ Hosp, 68 Hangeulbiseok Ro, Seoul 01830, South Korea. EM dresme@dreamwiz.com FU Korea Mental Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HM15C1058] FX This study was supported by a grant of the Korea Mental Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HM15C1058). 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 16 IS 7 BP 513 EP 523 DI 10.30773/pi.2019.04.30 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA IM1FY UT WOS:000477735200005 PM 31352733 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hadimlioglu, IA King, SA AF Hadimlioglu, I. Alihan King, Scott A. TI City Maker: Reconstruction of Cities from OpenStreetMap Data for Environmental Visualization and Simulations SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE 3D; urban; environment; reconstruction; openstreetmap; opengl ID LIDAR DATA; 3D; MODELS AB Recent innovations in 3D processing and availability of geospatial data have contributed largely to more comprehensive solutions to data visualization. As various data formats are utilized to describe the data, a combination of layers from different sources allow us to represent 3D urban areas, contributing to ideas of emergency management and smart cities. This work focuses on 3D urban environment reconstruction using crowdsourced OpenStreetMap data. 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Geo-Inf. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 8 IS 7 AR 298 DI 10.3390/ijgi8070298 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IN4AB UT WOS:000478616400009 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, S Grifoll, M Estrada, M Zheng, PJ Feng, HX AF Li, Song Grifoll, Manel Estrada, Miquel Zheng, Pengjun Feng, Hongxiang TI Optimization on Emergency Materials Dispatching Considering the Characteristics of Integrated Emergency Response for Large-Scale Marine Oil Spills SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE waterway transport; marine oil spills; integrated emergency; dispatching optimization model ID EQUIPMENT; SYSTEM AB Many governments have been strengthening the construction of hardware facilities and equipment to prevent and control marine oil spills. However, in order to deal with large-scale marine oil spills more efficiently, emergency materials dispatching algorithm still needs further optimization. The present study presents a methodology for emergency materials dispatching optimization based on four steps, combined with the construction of Chinese oil spill response capacity. First, the present emergency response procedure for large-scale marine oil spills should be analyzed. Second, in accordance with different grade accidents, the demands of all kinds of emergency materials are replaced by an equivalent volume that can unify the units. Third, constraint conditions of the emergency materials dispatching optimization model should be presented, and the objective function of the model should be postulated with the purpose of minimizing the largest sailing time of all oil spill emergency disposal vessels, and the difference in sailing time among vessels that belong to the same emergency materials collection and distribution point. Finally, the present study applies a toolbox and optimization solver to optimize the emergency materials dispatching problem. A calculation example is presented, highlighting the sensibility of the results at different grades of oil spills. The present research would be helpful for emergency managers in tackling an efficient materials dispatching scheme, while considering the integrated emergency response procedure. C1 [Li, Song; Zheng, Pengjun; Feng, Hongxiang] Ningbo Univ, Fac Maritime & Transportat, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Li, Song; Feng, Hongxiang] Southeast Univ, Jiangsu Prov Collaborat Innovat Ctr Modern Urban, Rd 2, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Grifoll, Manel] Univ Politecn Cataluna, BIT, Barcelona Sch Naut Studies, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Grifoll, Manel; Estrada, Miquel] Univ Politecn Cataluna, BIT, Barcelona Civil Engn Sch, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08029, Spain. [Zheng, Pengjun] Ningbo Univ Subctr, Natl Traff Management Engn & Technol Res Ctr, Ningbo 315832, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Li, S (reprint author), Ningbo Univ, Fac Maritime & Transportat, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.; Li, S (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Jiangsu Prov Collaborat Innovat Ctr Modern Urban, Rd 2, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM lisong@nbu.edu.cn RI Grifoll, Manel/A-1266-2013 OI Grifoll, Manel/0000-0003-4260-6732 FU Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education [14YJCZH081]; Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province, 2018 [LGF18E090005, 2016C31111]; K.C.Wong Magna Fund at Ningbo University, China FX This research was sponsored by Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education (14YJCZH081), Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province, 2018 (LGF18E090005 and 2016C31111), and the K.C.Wong Magna Fund at Ningbo University, China. 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Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy PD JUL PY 2019 VL 7 IS 4 BP 665 EP 675 DI 10.1007/s40565-019-0514-9 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA IM3LV UT WOS:000477895600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Autelitano, A Pernici, B Scalia, G AF Autelitano, Andrea Pernici, Barbara Scalia, Gabriele TI Spatio-temporal mining of keywords for social media cross-social crawling of emergency events SO GEOINFORMATICA LA English DT Article DE Media mining; Keyword extraction; Adaptive crawling; Emergency management; Social media AB Being able to automatically extract as much relevant posts as possible from social media in a timely manner is key in many activities, for example to provide useful information in order to rapidly create crisis maps during emergency events. While most social media support keyword-based searches, the amount and the accuracy of retrieved posts depend largely on the keywords employed. The goal of the proposed methodology is to dynamically extract relevant keywords for searching social media during an emergency event, following the event's evolution. Starting from a set of keywords designed for the type of event being considered (floods and earthquakes, in particular), the set of keywords is automatically adjusted taking into account the spatio-temporal features of the monitored event. The goal is to retrieve posts following the event's evolution and to benefit from cross-social crawling in order to exploit the specific characteristics of a social media over others. In the case considered in this paper, we exploit the precision of the geolocation of images posted in Flickr to extract keywords to search YouTube posts for the same event, since YouTube does not allow spatial crawling yet provides a richer source of information. The methodology was evaluated on three recent major emergency events, demonstrating a large increase in the number of retrieved posts compared with the use of generic seed keywords. This is a relevant improvement of relevance for providing information on emergency events, and the ability to follow the event's development. C1 [Autelitano, Andrea] Politecn Milan, Milan, Italy. [Pernici, Barbara] Politecn Milan, Comp Engn, Milan, Italy. [Scalia, Gabriele] Politecn Milan, Informat Technol, Milan, Italy. RP Pernici, B (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Comp Engn, Milan, Italy. EM andrea.autelitano@mail.polimi.it; barbara.pernici@polimi.it; gabriele.scalia@polimi.it FU European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre [E2mC, 730082] FX This work was funded by the European Commission H2020 project E2mC "Evolution of Emergency Copernicus services" under project No. 730082. This work expresses the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the European Commission. The European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained in this work. The authors thank Chiara Francalanci and Paolo Ravanelli for their support throughout this work and Nicole Gervasoni for her support in ground truth analysis and annotations. 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We set out to evaluate the use of the LogitBoost ensemble-based decision tree (LEDT) machine learning method for forest fire susceptibility mapping through a comparative case study at the Lao Cai region of Vietnam. A thorough literature search would indicate the method has not previously been applied to forest fires. Support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and Kernel logistic regression (KLR) were used as benchmarks in the comparative evaluation. A fire inventory database for the study area was constructed based on data of previous forest fire occurrences, and related conditioning factors were generated from a number of sources. Thereafter, forest fire probability indices were computed through each of the four modeling techniques, and performances were compared using the area under the curve (AUC), Kappa index, overall accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The LEDT model produced the best performance, both on the training and on validation datasets, demonstrating a 92% prediction capability. Its overall superiority over the benchmarking models suggests that it has the potential to be used as an efficient new tool for forest fire susceptibility mapping. Fire prevention is a critical concern for local forestry authorities in tropical Lao Cai region, and based on the evidence of our study, the method has a potential application in forestry conservation management. C1 [Tehrany, Mahyat Shafapour; Jones, Simon] RMIT Univ, Sch Sci, Geospatial Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. [Shabani, Farzin] Flinders Univ S Australia, ARC Ctr Excellence Australian Biodivers & Heritag, Global Ecol, Coll Sci & Engn, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Shabani, Farzin] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Martinez-Alvarez, Francisco] Pablo de Olavide Univ Seville, Div Comp Sci, Seville, Spain. [Dieu Tien Bui] Ton Duc Thang Univ, Geog Informat Sci Res Grp, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Dieu Tien Bui] Ton Duc Thang Univ, Fac Environm & Labour Safety, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. RP Bui, DT (reprint author), Ton Duc Thang Univ, Geog Informat Sci Res Grp, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Bui, DT (reprint author), Ton Duc Thang Univ, Fac Environm & Labour Safety, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. EM buitiendieu@tdt.edu.vn RI Cabah, Bert/T-6419-2019; Tien Bui, Dieu/K-2125-2012 OI Tien Bui, Dieu/0000-0001-5161-6479; Shabani, Farzin/0000-0002-5100-8921 FU Geographic Information Science Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam FX This research was supported by the Geographic Information Science Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 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Appl. Climatol. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 137 IS 1-2 BP 637 EP 653 DI 10.1007/s00704-018-2628-9 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA IJ2MA UT WOS:000475737500046 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Li, FW Zhao, Y Cao, RX AF Wu, Jiezhao Li, Fawen Zhao, Yong Cao, Runxiang TI Determination of drought limit water level of importing reservoir in inter-basin water transfer project under changing environment SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLOOD FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; DYNAMIC CONTROL; RIVER-BASIN; JOINT OPERATION; SYSTEM; CASCADE; OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT; CONTEXT; INDEX AB Drought occurrence and its related impacts are a major concern in many basins throughout the world. Reservoirs play a very important role in drought resistance. Compared with the reservoir flood limit water level, the drought limit water level belongs to a new concept. This paper took the Yuqiao reservoir as the study area and proposed a new method to determine the drought limit water level under changing environment. Firstly, the Mann-Kendall (M-K) method and cluster analysis method were employed to test the trend and change point of the series based on the runoff series of Yuqiao reservoir. On this basis, the runoff frequency curve and design runoff process under current condition were obtained by Pearson-III frequency analysis. Secondly, copula function was used to analyze the synchronous-asynchronous encounter probability of rich-poor runoff of Yuqiao reservoir and Panjiakou reservoir. The available transferred volume of Yuqiao reservoir in dry year was analyzed. Finally, according to the runoff and available transferred volume, the total inflow of Yuqiao reservoir in dry season was calculated. Combining water demand and total inflow of Yuqiao reservoir, the drought limit water level was calculated by month to month. The study results can provide necessary technique support for reservoir drought emergency management. C1 [Wu, Jiezhao; Li, Fawen; Cao, Runxiang] Tianjin Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul Engn Simulat & Safety, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Yong] China Inst Water Resource & Hydropower Res, State Key Lab Simulat & Regulat Water Cycle River, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. RP Li, FW (reprint author), Tianjin Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul Engn Simulat & Safety, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.; Zhao, Y (reprint author), China Inst Water Resource & Hydropower Res, State Key Lab Simulat & Regulat Water Cycle River, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. EM lifawen@tju.edu.cn; zhaoyong@iwhr.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51579169, 51879181]; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0401407]; Ministry of Water Resources Special Funds for Scientific Research on Public Causes [201401041] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support for this work provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51579169 and 51879181), the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no. 2016YFC0401407), and the Ministry of Water Resources Special Funds for Scientific Research on Public Causes (201401041). 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Appl. Climatol. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 137 IS 1-2 BP 1529 EP 1539 DI 10.1007/s00704-018-2683-2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA IJ2MA UT WOS:000475737500106 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hussen, HR Choi, SC Park, JH Kim, J AF Hussen, Hassen Redwan Choi, Sung-Chan Park, Jong-Hong Kim, Jaeho TI Predictive geographic multicast routing protocol in flying ad hoc networks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Geographic routing; multicast; prediction; drone; unmanned aerial system; unmanned aerial vehicle; flying ad hoc network; Optimizing Network Engineering Tools Modeler ID GUARANTEED DELIVERY; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; MODELS; FANETS; UAVS AB In the past decades, the unmanned aerial systems have been utilized only for military operations. However, recently, the potential uses and applicability of unmanned aerial vehicles (commonly known as drones) in civilian application domains are becoming a fast-growing phenomenon. A flying ad hoc network is a wireless ad hoc network specifically designed for the communication of unmanned aerial vehicles. Multicast routing is one of the vital aspects in wireless ad hoc networks. Using multicast transmission approaches, flying ad hoc network applications may need to send the same message to a specific group of flying nodes. The multicast communication approaches can benefit flying ad hoc network applications in conserving the scarce resources of flying nodes. Research works have been proposed to tackle the challenges in multicast routing with multi-hop communication in ad hoc network environments. Nevertheless, the conventional multicast routing mechanisms incur excessive control message overhead when a large number of nodes experience frequent topological changes. A scalable geographic multicast routing mechanism, which specially require localized operation and reduced control packet overhead, is necessary. Multicast routing in flying ad hoc networks is extremely challenging because of the dynamic topology changes and network disconnection resulted from frequent mobility of nodes. In this article, we present and implement a scalable and predictive geographic multicast routing mechanism in flying ad hoc networks. In uniform and random deployment scenarios, the MATLAB-based evaluation result has revealed that when the communication range increases, the probability of finding one-hop predicted forwarders to reach multicast destinations also increases. The implementation of scalable and predictive geographic multicast routing mechanism in flying ad hoc network is done using Optimizing Network Engineering Tools Modeler 16.0. We have added the scalable and predictive geographic multicast routing mechanism in flying ad hoc network as a new routing scheme in the Mobile Ad hoc Network routing protocol groups of the Optimizing Network Engineering Tools Modeler. Then, the performance of scalable and predictive geographic multicast routing mechanism in flying ad hoc network is compared with two of the existing Mobile Ad hoc Network routing protocols (Geographic Routing Protocol and Dynamic Source Routing). Eventually, we present two instance scenarios regarding the integration of scalable and predictive geographic multicast routing mechanism in flying ad hoc network scheme in the Internet of Things platform. C1 [Hussen, Hassen Redwan; Choi, Sung-Chan; Park, Jong-Hong; Kim, Jaeho] Korea Elect Technol Inst, IoT Platform Res Ctr, 25 Saenari Ro, Seongnam Si 463816, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. RP Hussen, HR (reprint author), Korea Elect Technol Inst, IoT Platform Res Ctr, 25 Saenari Ro, Seongnam Si 463816, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM hassenred1@yahoo.com FU Unmanned Vehicles Advanced Core Technology Research and Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea; Unmanned Vehicle Advanced Research Center (UVARC) through the Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea [NRF-2016M1B3A1A02937507, 2017M1B3A2A01049996] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research work was supported in part by the Unmanned Vehicles Advanced Core Technology Research and Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea and in part by the Unmanned Vehicle Advanced Research Center (UVARC) through the Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea, under Grant NRF-2016M1B3A1A02937507 and 2017M1B3A2A01049996. 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J. Distrib. Sens. Netw. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 15 IS 7 AR 1550147719843879 DI 10.1177/1550147719843879 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IH1AG UT WOS:000474223100001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wu, H Wu, DY Zhao, JS AF Wu, Hao Wu, Deyang Zhao, Jinsong TI An intelligent fire detection approach through cameras based on computer vision methods SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Fire detection; Loss prevention; Computer vision; Convolutional neural networks ID REAL-TIME FIRE; IMAGE AB Fire that is one of the most serious accidents in petroleum and chemical factories, may lead to considerable production losses, equipment damages and casualties. Traditional fire detection was done by operators through video cameras in petroleum and chemical facilities. However, it is an unrealistic job for the operator in a large chemical facility to find out the fire in time because there may be hundreds of video cameras installed and the operator may have multiple tasks during his/her shift. With the rapid development of computer vision, intelligent fire detection has received extensive attention from academia and industry. In this paper, we present a novel intelligent fire detection approach through video cameras for preventing fire hazards from going out of control in chemical factories and other high-fire-risk industries. The approach includes three steps: motion detection, fire detection and region classification. At first, moving objects are detected through cameras by a background subtraction method. Then the frame with moving objects is determined by a fire detection model which can output fire regions and their locations. Since false fire regions (some objects similar with fire) may be generated, a region classification model is used to identify whether it is a fire region or not. Once fire appears in any camera, the approach can detect it and output the coordinates of the fire region. Simultaneously, instant messages will be immediately sent to safety supervisors as a fire alarm. The approach can meet the needs of real-time fire detection on the precision and the speed. Its industrial deployment will help detect fire at the very early stage, facilitate the emergency management and therefore significantly contribute to loss prevention. (C) 2019 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Hao; Wu, Deyang; Zhao, Jinsong] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem Engn, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wu, Hao; Wu, Deyang; Zhao, Jinsong] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing Key Lab Ind Big Data Syst & Applicat, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, JS (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 127 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.psep.2019.05.016 PN B PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA IH4ZH UT WOS:000474500100025 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sogut, DV Yalciner, AC AF Sogut, Deniz Velioglu Yalciner, Ahmet Cevdet TI Performance Comparison of NAMI DANCE and FLOW-3D((R)) Models in Tsunami Propagation, Inundation and Currents using NTHMP Benchmark Problems SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Tsunami; depth-averaged shallow water; Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes; benchmarking; NAMI DANCE; FLOW-3D((R)) ID RUN-UP AB Field observations provide valuable data regarding nearshore tsunami impact, yet only in inundation areas where tsunami waves have already flooded. Therefore, tsunami modeling is essential to understand tsunami behavior and prepare for tsunami inundation. It is necessary that all numerical models used in tsunami emergency planning be subject to benchmark tests for validation and verification. This study focuses on two numerical codes, NAMI DANCE and FLOW-3D((R)), for validation and performance comparison. NAMI DANCE is an in-house tsunami numerical model developed by the Ocean Engineering Research Center of Middle East Technical University, Turkey and Laboratory of Special Research Bureau for Automation of Marine Research, Russia. FLOW-3D((R)) is a general purpose computational fluid dynamics software, which was developed by scientists who pioneered in the design of the Volume-of-Fluid technique. The codes are validated and their performances are compared via analytical, experimental and field benchmark problems, which are documented in the Proceedings and Results of the 2011 National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program (NTHMP) Model Benchmarking Workshop'' and the Proceedings and Results of the NTHMP 2015 Tsunami Current Modeling Workshop. The variations between the numerical solutions of these two models are evaluated through statistical error analysis. 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MacKay, C. F. Hill, T. R. TI Design, Development and Implementation of a Decision Support Info-Portal for Integrated Coastal Management, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Integrated Coastal Management; Governance; Web-based DSS; Information portal ID GOVERNANCE; SYSTEMS AB Coastal environments face mounting pressures from development and resource use, and appropriate coastal management supports long-term ecosystem functionality, viability and delivery of goods and services. Integrated coastal management (ICM) is advocated as a best practice approach to achieving this, but comes with its own challenges. Given the diverse nature of the coastal environment and the goods and services it offers, its management is complex. In South Africa, this is exacerbated by the legislative framework which delegates numerous responsibilities to local government without providing financial or human capacity to meet these requirements. These challenges have resulted in the development of a number of guidelines in support of achieving ICM objectives. This paper focuses on one coastal region in South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, which is grappling with coastal management issues, including the implementation thereof for a 580km coast with 76 estuaries. It considers the progressive, iterative development of an innovative Decision Support info-portal to assist local coastal managers in the absence of human capacity support and tools. Stakeholders were asked to complete a survey to provide feedback on their impression of the tool, its functions and usability. This facilitated stakeholder input into the info-portal development, which was essential in ensuring that the end product is useable, relevant and supportive of coastal management and decision making. Since its public release, the Decision Support info-portal has been implemented and utilised by government officials for both ongoing management and emergency response within the KZN province. C1 [Goble, B. J.; MacKay, C. F.] Oceanog Res Inst, Durban, South Africa. [Goble, B. J.; Hill, T. R.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Geog, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [MacKay, C. F.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Durban, South Africa. RP Goble, BJ (reprint author), Oceanog Res Inst, Durban, South Africa.; Goble, BJ (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Geog, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. EM bgoble@ori.org.za FU KZN Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs FX The KZN Department of Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs is thanked for financial support and all questionnaire respondents are thanked for their time and input. The CoastKZN team at the Oceanographic Research Institute is thanked for invaluable work in updating and maintaining the info-portal. 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Manage. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 64 IS 1 BP 27 EP 39 DI 10.1007/s00267-019-01173-8 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IF6RE UT WOS:000473207000003 PM 31127315 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kim, JE Abdelzaher, T Sha, L Bar-Noy, A Hobbs, RL Dron, W AF Kim, Jung-Eun Abdelzaher, Tarek Sha, Lui Bar-Noy, Amotz Hobbs, Reginald L. Dron, William TI Decision-driven scheduling SO REAL-TIME SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Internet of Things; Smart cities; Disaster response infrastructure; Decision-driven; Freshness ID MAINTAINING TEMPORAL CONSISTENCY AB This paper presents a scheduling model, called decision-driven scheduling, elaborates key optimality results for a fundamental scheduling model, and evaluates new heuristics solving more general versions of the problem. In the context of applications that need control and actuation, the traditional execution model has often been either time-driven or event-driven. In time-driven applications, sensors are sampled periodically, leading to the classical periodic task model. In event-driven applications, sensors are sampled when an event of interest occurs, such as motion-activated cameras, leading to an event-driven task activation model. In contrast, in decision-driven applications, sensors are sampled when a particular decision must be made. We offer a justification for why decision-driven scheduling might be of increasing interest to Internet-of-things applications, and explain why it leads to interesting new scheduling problems (unlike time-driven and event-driven scheduling), including the problems addressed in this paper. C1 [Kim, Jung-Eun] Yale Univ, Dept Comp Sci, POB 2158, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Abdelzaher, Tarek; Sha, Lui] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Champaign, IL USA. [Bar-Noy, Amotz] CUNY, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Hobbs, Reginald L.] US Army Res Lab, Multilingual Comp & Analyt Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Dron, William] Raytheon BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kim, JE (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Comp Sci, POB 2158, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM jung-eun.kim@yale.edu; zaher@illinois.edu; lrs@illinois.edu; amotz@sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu; reginald.l.hobbs2.civ@mail.mil; wdron@bbn.com FU US ARL [W911NF-09-2-0053]; ONROffice of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0717]; NSF CNSNational Science Foundation (NSF) [13-02563, 13-29886, 16-18627]; Navy [N00014-16-1-2151] FX This work is supported in part by Grants from US ARL W911NF-09-2-0053, Navy N00014-16-1-2151, ONR N00014-14-1-0717, and NSF CNS 13-02563, 13-29886, and 16-18627. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of sponsors. 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Koenig, Lora Grant, Glenn Gallaher, David Schaefer, Kevin Thompson, Jeffery Campbell, G. Garrett TI Sea ice detection from persistent single-channel shortwave infrared satellite data SO ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Sea ice; Remote sensing; GOES; Shortwave infrared; Missile warning; SBIRS; OPIR AB The US Air Force has demonstrated an interest in deriving imagery products from classified military remote sensing platforms and making them available for civil and commercial operations. The US Air Forces Overhead Persistent Infrared (OPIR) is one such satellite constellation. A novel aspect of OPIR imagery is its near-continuous capture of single channel shortwave infrared data over the Arctic. Although traditionally used for missile warning and strategic defense, the exceptionally high temporal resolution of the OPIR data stream makes it an attractive source for Arctic remote sensing, particularly as the Arctic has warmed at a rate nearly double that of lower latitudes. This work assesses the feasibility of using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite - 16 (GOES-16) data as a proxy for OPIR imagery in the Arctic. Specifically, we seek to determine whether a single channel shortwave infrared (SWIR) approach can be used to detect and chart Arctic sea ice. We used a series of 32-image daily sets (4 images per hour x 8 h) over four-day periods acquired by GOES-16 in late April 2016 (as well as mid-March, mid-May, and mid-June) to chart sea ice, clouds and water in Hudson Bay, Canada. To do this, we applied image enhancement techniques to raw data imagery and then employed a time-based classification algorithm to the enhanced data cube. Overall, our method successfully discriminated sea ice from water and clouds when all conditions were present with improved discrimination over current daily products for sea ice charting in the Northern Hemisphere. The simple methodology of the developed algorithm is critical to ensuring the temporal resolution of the sensor is capitalized. The rapid timeline for production of this type of data is essential to the relevancy to military operations as well as emergency response/preparedness operations in the Arctic as it becomes more accessible in coming years. Our results make a compelling argument for the application of Air Force Missile Warning data to assist in the mapping, tracking, and assessment of sea ice in the high Arctic. C1 [Lewis, Nicholas S.; Koenig, Lora; Grant, Glenn; Gallaher, David; Schaefer, Kevin; Thompson, Jeffery; Campbell, G. Garrett] Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, 1540 30th St, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lewis, Nicholas S.] US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 745 Brewerton Rd,RM 6007, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Thompson, Jeffery] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, 599 Walter Lib,117 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Lewis, NS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 745 Brewerton Rd,RM 6007, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Nicholas.Lewis@westpoint.edu CR Fetterer F, 2017, SEA ICE INDEX VERSIO, DOI [10.7265/N5K072F8, DOI 10.7265/N5K072F8, 10.7265/n5k072f8] Harris Corporation, 2017, GOES R ABI INSTR PAG Lee J, 2009, EVALUTAION GEOSTATIO Leslie J, 2016, GOES 16 MISSION NOAA Levy R, 2014, OBERSVING INFRARED Lillesand T., 2014, REMOTE SENSING IMAGE Lockheed-Martin S. S. C, 2015, SBIRS HEO FACT SHEET Melia N, 2016, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V43, P9720, DOI 10.1002/2016GL069315 NASA, 2018, NASA WORLDV MODIS CH National Ice Center, 2017, NAT IC CTR INT MULT Parkinson C. 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 52 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2019.05.013 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IF3ML UT WOS:000472984800015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Thomas, A Raja, G AF Thomas, Anil Raja, Gunasekaran TI FINDER: A D2D based critical communications framework for disaster management in 5G SO PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKING AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Device-to-Device communications; Disaster management; Network lifetime; Energy efficiency; Critical communications ID TO-DEVICE COMMUNICATIONS; CELLULAR NETWORKS AB Public Safety Network communications technologies are at crossroads with next-generation networks to render better solutions and applications that can manage disaster efficiently. The fifth generation (5G) network is poised to have a guaranteed network connection, even in the case of partial dysfunction of cellular infrastructure due to disaster. In this paper, we have designed a framework named FINDER (Finding Isolated Nodes using D2D for Emergency Response) to locate-and-reconnect the isolated Mobile Nodes (MNs) in the disaster zone, so that the damage to assets and loss of life can be minimized. If the cellular link is non-existent over a disaster, the MNs under the impaired Base Station (BS) switch to the Device-to-Device (D2D) communications mode, and a critical D2D network is formed. The MNs in the disaster zone can reach an active network through a neighboring BS or a Wi-Fi access point. A multi-hop D2D communications based on hybrid Ant Colony Optimization is adopted to increase the energy efficiency of individual nodes and the overall network lifetime. Further, dynamic clustering curtails the numbers of active participating nodes, and data aggregation shrinks the number of packets in the network. Assistance from the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controller at the BS benefits to have an intelligent and reliable connectivity to the MNs in the disaster zone. Our proposal FINDER is implemented using MATLAB, and the simulation results show that our framework extends the network lifetime with improved message delivery probability. C1 [Thomas, Anil; Raja, Gunasekaran] Anna Univ, Dept Comp Technol, NGNLab, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Thomas, A (reprint author), Anna Univ, Dept Comp Technol, NGNLab, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. EM anilthomas@mitindia.edu; dr.r.gunasekaran@ieee.org FU NGNLab, Department of Computer Technology, Anna University, Chennai FX Anil Thomas and Gunasekaran Raja would like to thank NGNLab, Department of Computer Technology, Anna University, Chennai, for the support. 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 12 IS 4 BP 912 EP 923 DI 10.1007/s12083-018-0689-2 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IE7UX UT WOS:000472581600015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mavroulis, S Andreadakis, E Spyrou, NI Antoniou, V Skourtsos, E Papadimitriou, P Kasssaras, I Kaviris, G Tselentis, GA Voulgaris, N Carydis, P Lekkas, E AF Mavroulis, Spyridon Andreadakis, Emmanouil Spyrou, Nafsika-Ioanna Antoniou, Varvara Skourtsos, Emmanouel Papadimitriou, Panayotis Kasssaras, Ioannis Kaviris, George Tselentis, Gerasimos-Akis Voulgaris, Nikolaos Carydis, Panayotis Lekkas, Efthymios TI UAV and GIS based rapid earthquake-induced building damage assessment and methodology for EMS-98 isoseismal map drawing: The June 12, 2017 Mw 6.3 Lesvos (Northeastern Aegean, Greece) earthquake SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Building damage; EMS-98; UAV; Web GIS; Lesvos; Greece ID SEA AB On June 12, 2017, an Mw 6.3 earthquake struck Lesvos Island (Northeastern Aegean, Greece). Building damage was observed in its southeastern part with very heavy structural damage limited in the settlement of Vrissa. Taking into account that Vrissa is located further inland from the epicenter than other settlements with less damage, Vrissa looks like an earthquake impact paradox. For interpreting this paradox, a complete approach for damage assessment in an earthquake-affected area was applied during the first hours of the emergency response phase in order to provide crucial information to civil protection agencies. It comprises integration of building-bybuilding inspection, use of desktop and web GIS applications, UAV survey and digital post processing, extraction of data and information related to the buildings of the affected area, application of the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 and assignment of macroseismic intensities. Correlation of the all aforementioned data with the geological, geomorphological, geotechnical and seismological properties of the affected area along with its buildings characteristics was followed. This damage scene is attributed to the synergy of the near-field location of Vrissa, recent deposits, geotechnically unstable zones, proximity to active faults, rupture directivity phenomena and vulnerable buildings. The integration of UAV and web GIS applications during a rapid post-earthquake field macroseismic reconnaissance can potentially be considered as a methodological framework that can be applied for similar analysis in other areas affected not only by earthquakes but also by other extreme events that have the potential to cause destructive effects on the natural environment, humans and infrastructures. C1 [Mavroulis, Spyridon; Andreadakis, Emmanouil; Spyrou, Nafsika-Ioanna; Antoniou, Varvara; Skourtsos, Emmanouel; Lekkas, Efthymios] Univ Athens, Fac Geol & Geoenvironm, Dept Dynam Tecton Appl Geol, Sch Sci, Athens, Greece. [Papadimitriou, Panayotis; Kasssaras, Ioannis; Kaviris, George; Tselentis, Gerasimos-Akis; Voulgaris, Nikolaos] Univ Athens, Fac Geol & Geoenvironm, Dept Geophys & Geothermy, Sch Sci, Athens, Greece. [Carydis, Panayotis] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. RP Mavroulis, S (reprint author), Univ Athens, Fac Geol & Geoenvironm, Dept Dynam Tecton Appl Geol, Sch Sci, Athens, Greece. 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 37 AR 101169 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101169 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA ID9YU UT WOS:000472043900009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Pourebrahim, N Sultana, S Edwards, J Gochanour, A Mohanty, S AF Pourebrahim, Nastaran Sultana, Selima Edwards, John Gochanour, Amanda Mohanty, Somya TI Understanding communication dynamics on Twitter during natural disasters: A case study of Hurricane Sandy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Disaster management; Social media; Twitter; Social network analysis; Information diffusion; Hurricane ID SOCIAL MEDIA; INFORMATION DIFFUSION; NETWORK; SYSTEM; RISK; EMERGENCIES; ANALYTICS; PATTERNS; RECOVERY; TWEETS AB This study investigates Twitter usage during Hurricane Sandy following the survey of the general population and exploring communication dynamics on Twitter through different modalities. The results suggest that Twitter is a highly valuable source of disaster-related information particularly during the power outage. With a substantial increase in the number of tweets and unique users during the Hurricane Sandy, a large number of posts contained firsthand information about the hurricane showing the intensity of the event in real-time. More specifically, a number of images of damage and flooding were shared on Twitter through which researchers and emergency managers can retrieve valuable information to help identify storm damages and plan relief efforts. The social media analysis revealed the most important information that can be derived from twitter during disasters so that authorities can successfully utilize such data. The findings provide insights into the choice of keywords and sentiments and identifying the influential actors at different stages of disasters. A number of key influencers and their followers from different domains including political, news, weather, and relief organizations participated in Twitter-based discussions related to Hurricane Sandy. The connectivity of the influencers and their followers on Twitter plays a vital role in information sharing and dissemination throughout the hurricane. These connections can provide an effective vehicle for emergency managers towards establishing better bi-directional communication during disasters. However, while government agencies were among the prominent Twitter users during the Hurricane Sandy, they primarily relied on one-way communication rather than engaging with their audiences, a challenge that need to be addressed in future research. C1 [Pourebrahim, Nastaran; Sultana, Selima] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog Environm & Sustainabil, POB 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Edwards, John; Gochanour, Amanda] Mississippi State Univ, Social Sci Res Ctr, POB 5287, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Mohanty, Somya] Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, POB 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. RP Mohanty, S (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, POB 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. EM n_poureb@uncg.edu; s_sultan@uncg.edu; John.Edwards@ssrc.msstate.edu; amanda.gochanour@ssrc.msstate.edu; mohanty_somya@uncg.edu OI Pourebrahim, Nastaran/0000-0001-8641-544X FU Coastal Storm Awareness Program (New York Sea Grant); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAANational Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA [NA130AR4830229]; Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experimentation Station, Mississippi State University FX The work was supported by the Coastal Storm Awareness Program (New York Sea Grant), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA (Award number: NA130AR4830229) and Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experimentation Station, Mississippi State University. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 37 AR 101176 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101176 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA ID9YU UT WOS:000472043900013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gao, J Xu, ZS Ren, PJ Liao, HC AF Gao, Jie Xu, Zeshui Ren, Peijia Liao, Huchang TI An emergency decision making method based on the multiplicative consistency of probabilistic linguistic preference relations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING AND CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE Emergency decision making; Probabilistic linguistic preference relations (PLPRs); Multiplicative consistency; Probability correction ID CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS; TERM SETS; SIMILARITY MEASURES; DEMATEL; MODEL AB As the evolution of emergencies is often uncertain, it may lead to multiple emergency scenarios. According to the characteristics of emergency management, this paper proposes an emergency decision support method by using the probabilistic linguistic preference relations (PLPRs) whose elements are the pairwise comparisons of alternatives given by the decision-makers (DMs) in the form of probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs). As the decision data are limited, it is difficult for the DMs to provide exact occurrence probabilities of all possible emergency scenarios. Thus, we propose a probability correction method by using the computer-aided tool named the case-based reasoning (CBR) to obtain more accurate and reasonable occurrence probabilities of the probabilistic linguistic elements (PLEs). Then, we introduce a multiplicative consistency index to judge whether a PLPR is consistent or not. Afterwards, an acceptable multiplicative consistency-based emergency decision support method is proposed to get more reliable results. Furthermore, a case study about the emergency decision making in a petrochemical plant fire accident is conducted to illustrate the proposed method. Finally, some comparative analyses are performed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. C1 [Gao, Jie] Sichuan Univ, Inst Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu 610207, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Gao, Jie] Sichuan Tourism Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Chengdu 610100, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zeshui; Ren, Peijia; Liao, Huchang] Sichuan Univ, Sch Business, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zeshui] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Comp & Software, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Xu, ZS (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, Sch Business, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, Peoples R China.; Xu, ZS (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Comp & Software, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM karina-gj@foxmail.com; xuzeshui@263.net; renpj92@foxmail.com; liaohuchang@163.com RI Liao, Huchang/F-9716-2015 OI Liao, Huchang/0000-0001-8278-3384 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71571123, 71532007, 71771155]; Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China [17ZDA092] FX This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71571123, 71532007, 71771155), and the Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China (Grant No. 17ZDA092). 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This fact raises an important question: in an information environment that includes traditional media such as radio and television, who are the people that trust information from ICT enough to act on it during a disaster? Drawing on a case study of and original survey data from the island nation of the Independent State of Samoa, this paper yields insights into who uses new technologies, particularly mobile telephones, to make decisions at the local level during crises such as natural disasters, as well as the socio-political factors that motivate their behaviour. The results add to the growing pool of knowledge on utilisation of ICT and new technologies in developing countries for disaster response, and provide practical information on the social and political factors that lead people to trust different information sources and media. C1 [Martin-Shields, Charles Patrick] German Dev Inst, Bonn, Germany. RP Martin-Shields, CP (reprint author), Tulpenfeld 6, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. 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TI Intentionally building relationships between participatory online groups and formal organisations for effective emergency response SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE disaster informatics; emergency response; information technology ID SOCIAL MEDIA; CRISIS; FRAMEWORK; AWARENESS; MODEL AB Advances in information and communication technologies enable the public to contribute to emergency response. For instance, reporting systems set up during recent disasters allowed affected people to submit testimonies about conditions on the ground. In addition, the public has analysed data and helped to mobilise and deliver relief resources. To plan intentionally for an integrative emergency response system in the networked age, this research explores two subject areas: (i) the organisational and technical determinants of relationships forged between formal organisations and participatory online groups established by the public; and (ii) the consequences of the outcomes generated by these relationships. Four in-depth case studies were selected for the analysis, which revealed that resource dependence, shared understanding, and the use of certain types of information technology influence the formation of such relationships. Furthermore, healthy collaborative relationships increase the chances of desirable results, including inter-organisational alignment and minimal long-term harm owing to a disaster. C1 [Park, Chul Hyun] Univ Arkansas, Clinton Sch Publ Serv, 1200 President Clinton Ave, Little Rock, AR 72201 USA. [Johnston, Erik W.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Future Innovat Soc, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Johnston, Erik W.] Arizona State Univ, Policy Informat Decis Theater, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Park, CH (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Clinton Sch Publ Serv, 1200 President Clinton Ave, Little Rock, AR 72201 USA. 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Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA ID6VN UT WOS:000471818400009 PM 31087597 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Anwar, S Sheltami, T Shakshuki, E Khamis, M AF Anwar, Sultan Sheltami, Tarek Shakshuki, Elhadi Khamis, Menshawi TI A framework for single and multiple anomalies localization in pipelines SO JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Cooja; Geographical information systems; Pressure point analysis; Leak; Wireless sensor networks; Localization; Coordinate systems; Negative pressure wave; Framework; Anomalies; Pipelines; MAP; ISTS ID LEAK DETECTION; SENSOR NETWORKS AB Study of pipeline networks which are used to transfer gas and oil from the production sites to consumers has widened all over the globe. On the other hand, there is a colossal loss of resources due to spills and leakages caused by natural disasters, human sabotage, and wear and tear of pipeline infrastructure. Serious economic losses can be faced in transportation of fluid through these anomalies that may incur additional costs for the final consumer. Nuclear fluids may also damage infrastructure and cause health risks to both humans and marine life. This issue is very critical to fulfill the energy demands of population in the entire world. For this purpose, a comprehensive study of recent pipeline anomalies detection techniques was performed. We proposed an effective solution to monitor pipelines and provided a framework for anomaly localization using Cooja simulator and geographical information systems that can also be used in pre-disaster management scenarios, i.e. pipelines can be maintained prior to actual leaks and spills. Timely precautionary measures can thus be taken during the pre-disaster, disaster and post disaster stages, thereby minimizing wastage of natural resources. We also compare localization accuracy with two detection and localization techniques namely: negative pressure wave and pressure point analysis. C1 [Anwar, Sultan; Sheltami, Tarek] King Fand Univ Petr & Minerals, Comp Engn Dept, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. [Shakshuki, Elhadi] Acadia Univ, Jodrey Sch Comp Sci, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada. [Khamis, Menshawi] Univ Benghazi, Dept Elect Engn, Benghazi, Libya. RP Sheltami, T (reprint author), King Fand Univ Petr & Minerals, Comp Engn Dept, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. 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Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 10 IS 7 SI SI BP 2563 EP 2575 DI 10.1007/s12652-018-0733-3 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IB0BK UT WOS:000469922500007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sarim, M Radmanesh, M Dechering, M Kumar, M Pragada, R Cohen, K AF Sarim, Mohammad Radmanesh, Mohammadreza Dechering, Matthew Kumar, Manish Pragada, Ravikumar Cohen, Kelly TI Distributed Detect-and-Avoid for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in National Air Space SO JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID COLLISION-AVOIDANCE; UAV AB Small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the potential to revolutionize various applications in civilian domain such as disaster management, search and rescue operations, law enforcement, precision agriculture, and package delivery. As the number of such UAVs rise, a robust and reliable traffic management is needed for their integration in national airspace system (NAS) to enable real-time, reliable, and safe operation. Management of UAVs traffic in NAS becomes quite challenging due to issues such as real-time path planning of large number of UAVs, communication delays, operational uncertainties, failures, and noncooperating agents. In this work, we present a novel UAV traffic management (UTM) architecture that enables the integration of such UAVs in NAS. A combined A*-mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based solution is presented for initial path planning of multiple UAVs with individual mission requirements and dynamic constraints. We also present a distributed detect-and-avoid (DAA) algorithm based on the concept of resource allocation using a market-based approach. 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ASME PD JUL PY 2019 VL 141 IS 7 AR 071014 DI 10.1115/1.4043190 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Instruments & Instrumentation GA HZ5CU UT WOS:000468869100015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, T Qin, PK Li, LX Tang, YL AF Liu, Tao Qin, Panke Li, Lixiang Tang, Yongli TI Software-defined converged access network with cross-layer intelligent control architecture SO OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Software-defined network; Passive optical network; OpenFlow; Optical and wireless convergence ID CONTROL PLANE; SCALABILITY AB The optical and wireless convergence technology is one of the principal means for the problem of last mile access. The software-defined network (SDN) supported by OpenFlow protocol is a promising centralized control architecture. Combining these two aspects, we propose a software-defined access network control architecture for the optical and wireless convergence technology, and design its functional modules and the overall interaction process. The proposed architecture adopts the idea of hierarchical control, introduces the OpenFlow agent, dynamically decentralizes some of the controller's authorities to the optical line terminal (OLT), and enhances its overall disaster response capability by extending the control depth of the controller to the optical network unit (ONU). The controller obtains relevant information in real time from a global perspective to achieve more comprehensive dynamic and flexible control, which effectively improves the network resource utilization and meets different service requirements of different users. C1 [Liu, Tao; Qin, Panke; Tang, Yongli] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Jiaozuo 454000, Peoples R China. [Li, Lixiang] Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Sch Cyber Space Secur, Beijing 100876, Peoples R China. RP Tang, YL (reprint author), Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Jiaozuo 454000, Peoples R China. EM yltang@hpu.edu.cn FU Projects of Henan Provincial Department of Education [18A413001, 19A520025]; Doctoral Scientific Fund of Henan polytechnic University [B2016-36]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61802117]; "13th Five-Year National" Crypto Development Foundation [MMJJ20170122] FX This work is partiality supported by the Projects of Henan Provincial Department of Education (Nos. 18A413001 and 19A520025), the Doctoral Scientific Fund of Henan polytechnic University (No. B2016-36), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61802117), the "13th Five-Year National" Crypto Development Foundation (No. MMJJ20170122). CR Channegowda M, 2013, J OPT COMMUN NETW, V5, pA274, DOI 10.1364/JOCN.5.00A274 Dashti Y., 2015, IEEE INT WORKSH LOC Fu Y., 2017, J COMMUN, V38, P141 Guan X., 2013, RES ED EXP WORKSH Han P., 2018, COMPUTER NETWORKS, V143 He K., 2012, RES SEVERAL KEY TECH Iiyama N., 2012, P OFC NFOEC LOS ANG, P1 Karakus M, 2017, COMPUT NETW, V112, P279, DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2016.11.017 Kreutz D, 2015, P IEEE, V103, P14, DOI 10.1109/JPROC.2014.2371999 Lan W., 2018, INT C MEAS TECHN MEC Meng G., 2016, OPT COMMUN TECHNOL, V40, P1 Rubio-Loyola J, 2011, IEEE COMMUN MAG, V49, P84, DOI 10.1109/MCOM.2011.6094010 Trivisonno R, 2015, T EMERG TELECOMMUN T, V26, P82, DOI 10.1002/ett.2915 Tzanakaki A, 2017, IEEE COMMUN MAG, V55, P184, DOI 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600643 Woesner H, 2013, 2013 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION AND THE NATIONAL FIBER OPTIC ENGINEERS CONFERENCE (OFC/NFOEC) Yang H, 2017, PHOTONIC NETW COMMUN, V34, P1, DOI 10.1007/s11107-016-0658-8 Yang H, 2016, PHOTONIC NETW COMMUN, V31, P568, DOI 10.1007/s11107-015-0547-6 Zang S., 2018, J SOFTWARE, V29, P160 Zhou Huan, 2016, Computer Engineering and Applications, V52, P137, DOI 10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.1603-0330 Zuo QY, 2014, CHINA COMMUN, V11, P55, DOI 10.1109/CC.2014.6821737 [左青云 Zuo Qingyun], 2013, [软件学报, Journal of Software], V24, P1078 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA SN 1068-5200 EI 1095-9912 J9 OPT FIBER TECHNOL JI Opt. Fiber Technol. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 50 BP 242 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.yofte.2019.04.001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA HY0PM UT WOS:000467814200037 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bernardini, G Lovreglio, R Quagliarini, E AF Bernardini, Gabriele Lovreglio, Ruggiero Quagliarini, Enrico TI Proposing behavior-oriented strategies for earthquake emergency evacuation: A behavioral data analysis from New Zealand, Italy and Japan SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Human behaviours in emergency; Earthquake evacuation; Educational training; Emergency management; Behavioural design; Urban pedestrians' evacuation ID PREPAREDNESS; PERCEPTION; MANAGEMENT; NETWORKS; EXPOSURE; SYSTEM; SAFETY; AREA AB Individuals' safety in an earthquake highly depends on human reactions and emergency behaviours, especially in first evacuation phases and in urban scenarios. To increase community resilience, Civil Defense Bodies in several earthquake prone countries have defined a list of recommended behaviours to take during and after an earthquake. Following those recommended behaviours could avoid exposing people to additional risks and allow them to reach an effective help from rescuers. Nevertheless, previous studies suggested that differences between recommended behaviors and real-life actions exist and increase the probabilities of casualties. Hence, solutions to assist communities in reducing the occurrence of such "unsafe" phenomena are needed. In this work, we adopt a behavioral approach to examine spontaneous real-life behaviours observed through a database of videotapes of earthquakes from New Zealand, Italy, and Japan. The presence of response actions recommended by Civil Defense Bodies of those three Countries is also assessed. Observed behaviors are organized according to evacuation phases, and comparisons between the three Countries results are provided. An uncertainty assessment is performed to investigate the sample size impact on the proposed analysis. Finally, behavioral results are employed to trace possible valuable solutions aimed at increasing community resilience and individuals' safety, by limiting the impact of hazardous spontaneous behaviors and providing an effective support to evacuees' decisions as well as possible. Main solutions categories include assistance tools (e.g.: building components, individual devices), educational training (e.g.: by using serious games), evacuation plans according to the probable evacuation process. C1 [Bernardini, Gabriele; Quagliarini, Enrico] Univ Politecn Marche, DICEA Depl, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Lovreglio, Ruggiero] Massey Univ, Sch Built Environm, Auckland 0745, New Zealand. RP Bernardini, G (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, DICEA Depl, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. 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PD JUL PY 2019 VL 116 BP 295 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2019.03.023 PG 15 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HX8QA UT WOS:000467669200027 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, X Pu, W Zhao, XD AF Li, Xiong Pu, Wei Zhao, Xiaodong TI Agent action diagram: Toward a model for emergency management system SO SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY LA English DT Article DE Agent-based modeling; Conceptual model; Simulation model; Model driven engineering; Emergency management ID DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM; ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK; SIMULATION; DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; METAMODEL AB Agent-based modeling (ABM) has become a useful tool in describing microcosmic action mode of emergency management system (EMS). However, one of key challenges in multi-agent model for EMS could be how to prevent inconsistency between the simulation model established by technicians of computer simulation engineering and the conceptual model established by domain experts. In this paper, a novel multi-view modeling paradigm, agent action diagram (AAD), which has a normalized conceptual model driven architecture and combines the high-layer conceptual model and simulation model, is proposed by establishing its rule symbol system to resolve the above technology problem. Visualization representations of AADs including agent entity organization diagram, agent entity action attribute diagram, single-agent action diagram and multi-agent action diagram are presented. These different views depend on each other according to their functions and form a mutually coupled entirety, thus giving a complete description of EMS with different perspectives. Subsequently, agent model template is constructed, thus affording an automatic mechanism of transforming this graphical conceptual model to its simulation model. Finally, scenarios of emergency command for a great traffic accident and an explosion of a chemical plant are set and two case studies of EMS modeling are implemented, thus verifying feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach. This fact shows that the approach has more advantages in model credibility and development efficiency compared with the traditional ABM paradigm. C1 [Li, Xiong; Pu, Wei; Zhao, Xiaodong] Army Acad Armored Forces, Mil Exercise & Training Ctr, Beijing 100072, Peoples R China. RP Li, X (reprint author), Army Acad Armored Forces, Mil Exercise & Training Ctr, Beijing 100072, Peoples R China. EM lixiong2609@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61473311]; Natural Science Foundation of BeijingBeijing Natural Science Foundation [9142017]; Chinese Army FX This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61473311), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (9142017), and military projects funded by the Chinese Army. 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Model. Pract. Theory PD JUL PY 2019 VL 94 BP 66 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.simpat.2019.02.004 PG 34 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HV5ZE UT WOS:000466062800005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mairaj, A Baba, AI Javaid, AY AF Mairaj, Aakif Baba, Asif, I Javaid, Ahmad Y. TI Application specific drone simulators: Recent advances and challenges SO SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY LA English DT Review DE Unmanned Aerial Vehicles; UAVs; FANETs; UAV simulator ID ALGORITHM; NETWORKS AB Over the past two decades, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), more commonly known as drones, have gained a lot of attention, and are rapidly becoming ubiquitous because of their diverse applications such as surveillance, disaster management, pollution monitoring, film-making, and military reconnaissance. However, incidents such as fatal system failures, malicious attacks, and disastrous misuses have raised concerns in the recent past. Security and viability concerns in drone-based applications are growing at an alarming rate. Besides, UAV networks (UAVNets) are distinctive from other ad-hoc networks. Therefore, it is necessary to address these issues to ensure proper functioning of these UAVs while keeping their uniqueness in mind. Furthermore, adequate security and functionality require the consideration of many parameters that may include an accurate cognizance of the working mechanism of vehicles, geographical and weather conditions, and UAVNet communication. This is achievable by creating a simulator that includes these aspects. A performance evaluation through relevant drone simulator becomes indispensable procedure to test features, configurations, and designs to demonstrate superiority to comparative schemes and suitability. Thus, it becomes of paramount importance to establish the credibility of simulation results by investigating the merits and limitations of each simulator prior to selection. Based on this motivation, we present a comprehensive survey of current drone simulators. In addition, open research issues and research challenges are discussed and presented. C1 [Mairaj, Aakif; Javaid, Ahmad Y.] Univ Toledo, 2801 W Bancroft St MS 308, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Baba, Asif, I] Tuskegee Univ, 1200 W Montgomery Rd, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Javaid, AY (reprint author), Univ Toledo, 2801 W Bancroft St MS 308, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. 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Model. Pract. Theory PD JUL PY 2019 VL 94 BP 100 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.simpat.2019.01.004 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HV5ZE UT WOS:000466062800006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Choi, M Chi, S AF Choi, Minji Chi, Seokho TI Optimal route selection model for fire evacuations based on hazard prediction data SO SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY LA English DT Article DE Hazard prediction; Optimal evacuation route; Search algorithm; Emergency safety; Evacuation ID EMERGENCY SIGNAGE; SYSTEM; BUILDINGS; BEHAVIOR; PHASE AB Providing accurate information on available evacuation routes is critical during the time-sensitive emergency situation of a building fire, particularly when it occurs in a large-scale facility with a complex layout. Timely access to safe and efficient egress paths helps minimize exposure to hazardous fire effluents such as toxic smoke during evacuation. The following study develops a computational model which uses hazard prediction data to identify optimal evacuation routes, the safest and shortest paths to the nearest exit, during the event of a building fire. It uses the Fire Dynamics Simulator to provide prediction data on smoke propagation inside a structure and the A* algorithm to search for the fastest escape path. The algorithm is modified to consider whether the ensuing nodes in the route are in a normal or hazardous state. The test simulations demonstrate that the model is both accurate and effective in guiding evacuees to a place of safety while minimizing direct exposure to smoke. These results enable a more informed approach to safety management during indoor fires and reduce the likelihood of evacuees impeding the evacuation process by entering a dangerous area unprepared. C1 [Choi, Minji; Chi, Seokho] Seoul Natl Univ, Inst Construct & Environm Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea. RP Chi, S (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea. EM mjchoi7@snu.ac.kr; shchi@snu.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [2017R1C1B2009237] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (grant no. 2017R1C1B2009237). 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Theory PD JUL PY 2019 VL 94 BP 321 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.simpat.2019.04.002 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HV5ZE UT WOS:000466062800019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Abdalzaher, MS Elsayed, HA AF Abdalzaher, Mohamed S. Elsayed, Hussein A. TI Employing data communication networks for managing safer evacuation during earthquake disaster SO SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY LA English DT Article DE Data communication networks; Road network traffic; Modeling; Earthquake disaster management ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; VEHICLE SPEED; INTERNET; SIMULATION; SYSTEM; THINGS; TECHNOLOGIES; MODELS AB Humans are the most significant resources in the universe. Subsequently, people life is urgently desired to be protected against the natural disasters such as earthquakes in which modern technologies can play an essential role. This paper presents a study of modeling road network traffic (RNT) using data communication networks (DCNs) with the focus on earthquake disaster aiming to achieve safer evacuation. Five DCN models are proposed to represent the traffic analogy of the corresponding RNT cases, namely, speed-flow relationships, left turn effect, four-way cross section control, roundabout cross control, and cracked roundabout. Using the road network (RN) mapping parameters to data network (DN) equivalents in these five models, the DN solutions can be used to solve RN problems. The simulation results indicate a close traffic performance analogy in both RNT and data DCNs. The proposed mapping is verified using two statistic tests called t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Consequently, DCNs can be exploited in managing a safer evacuation during natural disasters. C1 [Abdalzaher, Mohamed S.] Natl Res Inst Astron & Geophys, Seismol Dept, Elmarsad St, Cairo 11421, Egypt. 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Theory PD JUL PY 2019 VL 94 BP 379 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.simpat.2019.03.010 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HV5ZE UT WOS:000466062800023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mabon, L AF Mabon, Leslie TI Enhancing post-disaster resilience by 'building back greener': Evaluating the contribution of nature-based solutions to recovery planning in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Disaster risk reduction; Eco-DRR; Fukushima nuclear disaster; Nature-based solutions; Resilience ID DISASTER RISK REDUCTION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INFRASTRUCTURE; TSUNAMI; ADAPTATION; LANDSCAPE; PLANS; GAPS AB This research evaluates the contribution of nature-based solutions to urban resilience in post-disaster situations. Post-disaster recovery planning is an opportunity to 'build back greener' by fostering ecosystem approaches towards social and ecological resilience. Yet understanding of specific post-disaster resilience benefits which nature-based solutions provide is still emerging. This paper contributes to this field through evaluation of how ecosystem approaches bring resilience benefits in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, following the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster. Content analysis is undertaken on disaster recovery plans produced by the 8 municipalities in Futaba County. The ecosystem services included in each plan are identified, as well as the extent to which municipalities are capable of assessing the services provided. This is supplemented with insights from field visits and wider documentation produced by the municipalities. The analysis shows that cultural ecosystem services feature especially strongly within the plans, and that these cultural services are critical to recovering sense of identity and pride post-disaster. However, the analysis also indicates that municipalities may lack the technical competence to assess ecosystem services, especially in a post-disaster setting where resources are stretched. One implication from the research is the need for further consideration in other empirical contexts of how cultural services - especially citizen participation - can be integrated with more technical approaches to post-disaster ecosystem management. A second implication is that whilst ecosystem approaches offer post-disaster resilience benefits, these should be an aid to recovery and not a substitute for long-term support from national governments. C1 [Mabon, Leslie] Robert Gordon Univ, Sch Appl Social Studies, Aberdeen AB10 7QG, Scotland. RP Mabon, L (reprint author), Robert Gordon Univ, Sch Appl Social Studies, Aberdeen AB10 7QG, Scotland. EM l.j.mabon@rgu.ac.uk FU Economic and Social Research Council-Arts and Humanities Research Council UK-Japan Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Connections scheme [ES/S013296/1] FX This paper has been developed as part of the project 'Building social resilience to environmental change in marginalised coastal communities,' funded under the Economic and Social Research Council-Arts and Humanities Research Council UK-Japan Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Connections scheme (Grant Number ES/S013296/1). Special gratitude is extended to Akihiro Yoshikawa of Appreciate Fukushima Workers for support with site visits and for sharing his rich knowledge of Futaba County. The author is also grateful to all citizens of Futaba County and Fukushima Prefecture for their support and encouragement during fieldwork. 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Urban Plan. PD JUL PY 2019 VL 187 BP 105 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.03.013 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA HX8OT UT WOS:000467665900010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ali, S Eum, HI Cho, J Dan, L Khan, F Dairaku, K Shrestha, ML Hwang, S Nasim, W Khan, IA Fahad, S AF Ali, Shaukat Eum, Hyung-Il Cho, Jaepil Dan, Li Khan, Firdos Dairaku, K. Shrestha, Madan Lall Hwang, Syewoon Nasim, Wajid Khan, Imtiaz Ali Fahad, Shah TI Assessment of climate extremes in future projections downscaled by multiple statistical downscaling methods over Pakistan SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Global climate models; Statistical downscaling; Bias correction; Extreme events ID CMIP5 MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; PRECIPITATION EXTREMES; RIVER-BASIN; HEAT-WAVE; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; INDEXES; TRENDS; IMPACT; PHOSPHORUS AB Climate change is a phenomenon that is unequivocally altering the natural systems in all parts of the world but the alteration in climate extremes may pose more severe and unexpected impacts on Pakistan. The current study provides a comprehensive outlook of observation (1976-2005) and changes in climate extremes between the reference (1976-2005) and future periods (2020s: 2006-2035, 2050s: 2036-2065 and 2080s: 2066-2095). The analysis was conducted across six sub-regions of Pakistan including North Pakistan (NP), Monsoon Region (MR), Khyber Palchtunlchwa (1(P), Southern Punjab (SP), Balochistan and Sindh for which Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) 14 General Circulation Models (GCMs) under Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 (RCP4.5) and RCP8.5 were downscaled and bias corrected by three statistical downscaling methods. The spatial disaggregation and quantile delta mapping (SDQDM) method was used for future projections in this study. Changes in climate extremes were detected by Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). In case of temperature, the results indicate a projected increase in frequencies and magnitudes for warm extremes, while it is decreasing for cold extremes in the 21st century. The corresponding trends of maximum and minimum temperature extremes are greater than the mean temperature trend; where the frequency and magnitude of minimum temperature extremes is higher than maximum temperature extremes over Pakistan particularly over North in last half of the 21st century for both RCPs. Also, the average of temperature extremes (TXx, TXn, TNx and TNn) are severe in the order of NP (+ 4.8 degrees C), KP (+ 4.6 degrees C) and MR (+ 4.5 degrees C). In the case of precipitation extremes, most of the sub-regions across Pakistan show a higher increase in total annual precipitation and intense precipitation events with the highest increase in MR, KP and NP and the least increase in Sindh. Despite the increase in total precipitation, numbers of consecutive dry days (CDD) are increasing while consecutive wet days (CWD) are decreasing which can give rise to drought conditions particularly in Sindh. The study provides complementary and consistent climate extremes information over Pakistan for local decision makers to incorporate into policy-making, disaster management, and infrastructure planning. C1 [Ali, Shaukat] Minist Climate Change, GCISC, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Ali, Shaukat; Eum, Hyung-Il] Alberta Environm & Pk, Environm Monitoring & Sci Div, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Cho, Jaepil] APEC Climate Ctr APCC, Busan, South Korea. [Dan, Li] Chinese Acad Sci, IAP, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Khan, Firdos] NUST, SNS, H-12 Sect, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. [Dairaku, K.] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Prevent, Disaster Prevent Res Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Shrestha, Madan Lall] Nepal Acad Sci & Technol Kathmandu, Patan, Nepal. [Hwang, Syewoon] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Agr & Life Sci, Dept Agr Engn, Jinju, South Korea. [Nasim, Wajid] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Environm Sci, Vehari Campus, Islamabad 61100, Pakistan. [Khan, Imtiaz Ali; Fahad, Shah] Univ Swabi, Dept Agr, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kpk, Pakistan. RP Ali, S (reprint author), Minist Climate Change, GCISC, Islamabad, Pakistan.; Eum, HI (reprint author), Alberta Environm & Pk, Environm Monitoring & Sci Div, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Fahad, S (reprint author), Univ Swabi, Dept Agr, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kpk, Pakistan. EM pirshauki@gmail.com; hieum01@gmail.com; shah_fahad80@yahoo.com RI Fahad, Shah/J-7265-2019 FU APEC Climate Center (APCC), Busan, Republic of Korea; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0602501]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41630532]; Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) [CRRP2018-04MY-Ali] FX This work is jointly supported by APEC Climate Center (APCC), Busan, Republic of Korea, the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0602501), the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41630532), the project of Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) "CRRP2018-04MY-Ali". 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Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2019 VL 222 BP 114 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.02.009 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HR4NP UT WOS:000463123500010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hermon, D AF Hermon, Dedi TI EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COASTAL TOURISM REGIONS ON TSUNAMI POTENTIALLY ZONES IN PARIAMAN CITY-INDONESIA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMATE LA English DT Article DE Coastal tourism; Tsunami; Evacuation; Pariaman City ID INDIAN-OCEAN; EARTHQUAKE; WEST AB The purpose of this research is to determine the location of evacuation lines, TES or assembly points and shelters, and knowing the extent of the distribution of coastal tourism regions, as well as the distance of evacuation routes to TES or assembly points and shelters when tsunami occurs through the creation of a zoning model of coastal tourism-based disaster mitigation regions in Pariaman City. Methods in this research, i.e determining the location of TES or assembly points and shelters, and determine the capacity of TES or assembly points and shelters. Data processing and analysis for determining location, the capacity of TES or assembly points and shelters through the GIS approach. The results showed the tourism region of Gandoriah beach (7.8 Ha) an average tourist visit in 1 month in 2017 as many as 89.188 people/month with the number of TES or assembly points 2 and shelters 2, the tourism regions of Anas Malik and Cermin beach (16.11 Ha) an average tourist visit in 1 month in 2017 as many as 55.743 people/month with the number of shelter 1, the tourism region of Kata beach (19.68 Ha) an average tourist visit in 1 month in 2017 as many as 44.594 people/month the number of TES or assembly points 3 and does not have a shelter; and the tourism region of Naras beach (7.54 Ha) an average tourist visit in 1 month in 2017 as many as 33.445 people/month with the number of TES or assembly point 1 and shelter 1. C1 [Hermon, Dedi] Padang State Univ, Dept Geog, Padang, Indonesia. RP Hermon, D (reprint author), Padang State Univ, Dept Geog, Padang, Indonesia. 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J. GEOMATE PD JUL PY 2019 VL 17 IS 59 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.21660/2019.59.66719 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA HK3BW UT WOS:000457788600026 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wan, HL Huang, CC Ge, BW Pang, JL AF Wan, Honglian Huang, Chunchang Ge, Benwei Pang, Jiangli TI Hydrological reconstruction of Holocene Paleofloods in Baoji-Tianshui gorge, upper Weihe River basin, China SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Palaeofloods; Holocene; Hydrological reconstruction; Weihe river; Baoji gorge ID YELLOW-RIVER; EXTRAORDINARY FLOODS; SLACKWATER DEPOSITS; SEDIMENTARY RECORDS; EXTREME FLOODS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MIDDLE REACH; EVENTS; VALLEY; PLAIN AB A detailed field study was conducted on the palaeoflood deposit profile in the Baoji-Tianshui Gorge in the upper Weihe River. The sequence of palaeoflood events was established through field observation and grain size analysis with chronological supports from Optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates and from archaeologically-constrained age frameworks. The paleoflood peak water level and peak discharge were reconstructed using the "pinch-out elevation method" and the "thickness-sediment content relationship." The results show that three large-scale paleoflood events occurred during a period of 3200-3000 yr BP in the Baoji-Tianshui Gorge, upper Weihe River. The peak water levels varied between 660.48 and 661.40 m and the peak discharge varied between 23,200 and 25,200 m(3)/s among the three large-scale paleoflood events. The same methodology was used to calculate the modern flood peak discharges that yielded a deviation of only 3.6% between the reconstructed and measured peak discharges, further verifying the acceptance of this method for the reconstruction of paleoflood peak discharges. This studyexpanded the database of the palaeoflood hydrology research in the Weihe River and the expanded database may be useful in providing important information for projects such as water conservancy, hydropower, engineering construction, flood control, and disaster mitigation. C1 [Wan, Honglian] Baoji Univ Arts & Sci, Key Lab Disaster Monitoring & Mech Simulat Shaanx, Baoji 721013, Peoples R China. [Huang, Chunchang; Pang, Jiangli] Shaanxi Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Tourism, Xian 710119, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Ge, Benwei] Shihezi Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Geog, Shihezi 832000, Peoples R China. [Wan, Honglian] Baoji Univ Arts & Sci, Coll Geog & Environm, Baoji 721013, Peoples R China. RP Huang, CC (reprint author), Shaanxi Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Tourism, Xian 710119, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM cchuang@snnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41030637]; Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education Planning Fund [18YJA810004]; Shaanxi Philosophy and Social Science Fund [2017E003]; Baoji University of Arts And Sciences, Shaanxi Key Disciplines of Physical Geography Foundation FX The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41030637), Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education Planning Fund (18YJA810004), Shaanxi Philosophy and Social Science Fund (2017E003), Baoji University of Arts And Sciences, Shaanxi Key Disciplines of Physical Geography Foundation. Thanks to ZHANG Yuzhu, LI Yuqin, LI Xiaogang, ZHAO Mei, ZHU Xiangfeng, BAI Feng and JV Zhansheng for their assistance in sample collection and experiments in the lab. 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PD JUN 30 PY 2019 VL 521 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2019.06.037 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA IU1VN UT WOS:000483364800016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Angove, M Arcas, D Bailey, R Carrasco, P Coetzee, D Fry, B Gledhill, K Harada, S Von Hillebrandt-Andrade, C Kong, L McCreery, C Mccurrach, SJ Miao, YL Sakya, AE Schindele, F AF Angove, Michael Arcas, Diego Bailey, Rick Carrasco, Patricio Coetzee, David Fry, Bill Gledhill, Ken Harada, Satoshi Von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa Kong, Laura McCreery, Charles Mccurrach, Sarah-Jayne Miao, Yuelong Sakya, Andi Eka Schindele, Francois TI Ocean Observations Required to Minimize Uncertainty in Global Tsunami Forecasts, Warnings, and Emergency Response SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE tsunami; detection; forecast; warning; mitigation; near field; uncertainty ID HF RADAR; EARTHQUAKE; WAVES; PROPAGATION; SIMULATION; SYSTEM; IMPACT; TIME; BAY AB It is possible that no catastrophe has mobilized the global ocean science and coastal emergency management communities more than the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Though the Pacific tsunami threat was recognized, and a warning system had been in place since 1965, there was no warning system in the Indian Ocean, and almost 230,000 people perished. More broadly, the event highlighted critical gaps in global tsunami science and observation systems. In 2004, real-time coastal and deep-ocean observation systems were almost non-existent. Tsunami sources were inferred based on rough seismic parameters. Since then, tremendous strides have been made under the auspices of IOC/UNESCO toward better understanding tsunami mechanisms, deploying advanced real-time tsunami observation systems, and establishing tsunami warning and mitigation systems for the four main ocean basins at risk from tsunamis. Nevertheless, significant detection, measurement, and forecast uncertainties remain to meet emergency response and community needs. A new generation of ocean sensing capabilities presents an opportunity to address several of these uncertainties. Ocean bottom pressures can be measured over dense, multisensor grids linking stand-alone buoy systems with emerging capabilities like fiber-optic cables. The increasing number of coastal sea-level stations provides the higher time and space resolution needed to better verify forecasts and account for local variability. In addition, GNSS sensors may be able to provide solid-earth data needed to define seismic tsunami sources more precisely in the short timescales required. When combined with advances in seismology, other emerging techniques, and state-of-the-art modeling and computational resources, these capabilities will enable more timely and accurate tsunami detection, measurement, and forecasts. Because of these advances in detection and measurement, the opportunity exists to greatly reduce and/or quantify uncertainties associated with forecasting tsunamis. Providing more timely and accurate information related to tsunami location, arrival time, height, inundation, and duration would improve public trust and confidence and fundamentally alter tsunami emergency response. Additionally, this capability could be integrated with related fields (e.g., storm surge, sea-level rise, tide predictions, and ocean forecasting) to develop and deploy one continuous, real-time, accurate depiction of the always moving boundary that separates ocean from coast and, sometimes, life from death. C1 [Angove, Michael] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Arcas, Diego] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Bailey, Rick] Tsunami Aware & Prepare, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Carrasco, Patricio] Serv Hidrog & Oceanog Armada, Valparaiso, Chile. [Coetzee, David; Mccurrach, Sarah-Jayne] Minist Civil Def & Emergency Management, Wellington, New Zealand. 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PD JUN 25 PY 2019 VL 6 AR UNSP 350 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00350 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IE8JU UT WOS:000472620500001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Huang, X Li, ZL Wang, CZ Ning, H AF Huang, Xiao Li, Zhenlong Wang, Cuizhen Ning, Huan TI Identifying disaster related social media for rapid response: a visual-textual fused CNN architecture SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Social media; disaster; convolutional neural network; visual-textual fused classification ID NEURAL-NETWORKS; INFORMATION; CLASSIFICATION AB In recent years, social media platforms have played a critical role in mitigation for a wide range of disasters. The highly up-to-date social responses and vast spatial coverage from millions of citizen sensors enable a timely and comprehensive disaster investigation. However, automatic retrieval of on-topic social media posts, especially considering both of their visual and textual information, remains a challenge. This paper presents an automatic approach to labeling on-topic social media posts using visual-textual fused features. Two convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Inception-V3 CNN and word embedded CNN, are applied to extract visual and textual features respectively from social media posts. Well-trained on our training sets, the extracted visual and textual features are further concatenated to form a fused feature to feed the final classification process. The results suggest that both CNNs perform remarkably well in learning visual and textual features. The fused feature proves that additional visual feature leads to more robustness compared with the situation where only textual feature is used. The on-topic posts, classified by their texts and pictures automatically, represent timely disaster documentation during an event. Coupling with rich spatial contexts when geotagged, social media could greatly aid in a variety of disaster mitigation approaches. C1 [Huang, Xiao; Li, Zhenlong; Wang, Cuizhen; Ning, Huan] Univ South Carolina, Dept Geog, Room 320,Callcott Bldg,709 Bull St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Li, ZL (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Geog, Room 320,Callcott Bldg,709 Bull St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM zhenlong@sc.edu RI ; Li, Zhenlong/M-1065-2017 OI Wang, Cuizhen/0000-0002-0306-9535; Huang, Xiao/0000-0002-4323-382X; Li, Zhenlong/0000-0002-8938-5466 FU University of South Carolina [13540-18-48955] FX This work was supported by University of South Carolina [grant number 13540-18-48955]. CR Abbate S, 2014, INT J TELEMED APPL, DOI 10.1155/2014/617495 [Anonymous], 2018, TWITT MAU US 2018 Ashktorab Zahra, 2014, ISCRAM Avgerinakis K., 2017, P MEDIAEVAL WORKSH, P2 Avvenuti Marco, 2018, The Semantic Web. 15th International Conference, ESWC 2018. 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Earth DI 10.1080/17538947.2019.1633425 EA JUN 2019 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IF2EC UT WOS:000472889400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sharafeddine, S Islambouli, R AF Sharafeddine, Sanaa Islambouli, Rania TI On-demand deployment of multiple aerial base stations for traffic offloading and network recovery SO COMPUTER NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Aerial base station deployment and planning; Drone cells; Traffic offloading; Wireless network disaster recovery; 4G/5G cellular systems ID STRATEGIES; COVERAGE AB Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being utilized for a wide spectrum of applications in wireless networks leading to attractive business opportunities. In the case of abrupt disruption to existing cellular network operation or infrastructure, e.g., due to an unexpected surge in user demand or a natural disaster, UAVs can be deployed to provide instant recovery via temporary wireless coverage in designated areas. A major challenge is to determine efficiently how many UAVs are needed and where to position them in a relatively large 3D search space. We first consider a discrete set of possible UAV locations distributed in a given 3D space and formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear program (MILP). Owing to the complexity of the MILP problem, we present an effective greedy approach that mimics the behavior of the MILP for small network scenarios and scales efficiently for large network scenarios. Afterwards, we propose and evaluate a more practical approach for multiple UAV deployment in a continuous 3D space, based on an unsupervised learning technique that relies on the notion of electrostatics with repulsion and attraction forces. We present performance results for the proposed algorithm as a function of various system parameters and demonstrate its effectiveness compared to the close-to-optimal greedy approach and its superiority compared to recent related work from the literature. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sharafeddine, Sanaa; Islambouli, Rania] LAU, Dept Comp Sci & Math, Beirut, Lebanon. RP Sharafeddine, S (reprint author), LAU, Dept Comp Sci & Math, Beirut, Lebanon. EM sanaa.sharafeddine@lau.edu.lb FU National Council for Scientific Research in Lebanon CNRS-L; Lebanese American University FX This project has been jointly funded with the support of the National Council for Scientific Research in Lebanon CNRS-L and the Lebanese American University. 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Netw. PD JUN 19 PY 2019 VL 156 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.comnet.2019.03.016 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA IB5VB UT WOS:000470338500006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wu, JJ Qu, YC Sun, HJ Yin, HD Yan, XY Zhao, JD AF Wu, Jianjun Qu, Yunchao Sun, Huijun Yin, Haodong Yan, Xiaoyong Zhao, Jiandong TI Data-driven model for passenger route choice in urban metro network SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Smart card; Travel behavior; Metro network; Passenger flow ID ASSIGNMENT MODEL; TRAIN CHOICE; BEHAVIOR; OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; SEARCH; LIMITS; LAWS AB Passenger flow distribution in the metro system is fundamental for many applications such as network planning and design, passenger flow forecasting, individual travel activity modeling and emergency response management. However, in most metro systems the smart card automated fare collection (AFC) equipment in Beijing only record when and where a passenger enters and leaves the metro network. Therefore, how to accurately determine passenger flow distribution in unknown travel routes remains a challenging task for the managers. This paper presents a methodology for reconstructing metro passenger flow distribution from large-scale smart card data. A clustering method was first applied to group the travel time of passengers between origin-destination (OD) station pairs into different clusters. Then an approach was proposed that considered both uncertain walking time and transfer time, to estimate the theoretical travel time of all possible routes between the OD pair. An approach to measure the similarity was further employed to match each travel time cluster to a most-likely travel route, and finally obtained the passengers' flow of every route. Compared with two classical methods, the proposed approach was more accurate and efficient. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Jianjun; Qu, Yunchao; Yin, Haodong] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Rail Traff Control & Safety, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. [Sun, Huijun; Yan, Xiaoyong; Zhao, Jiandong] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Traff & Transportat, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. [Wu, Jianjun] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Minist Transport, Key Lab Transport Ind Big Data Applicat Technol C, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. RP Qu, YC (reprint author), Beijing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Rail Traff Control & Safety, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. EM ycqu@bjtu.edu.cn FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2019JBZ108] FX This paper was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019JBZ108). 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Asadi, Mohsen TI A hybrid machine-learning and optimization method for contraflow design in post-disaster cases and traffic management scenarios SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Disaster management; Emergency evacuation; Post-disaster; Machine-learning; Contraflow ID PORT-AU-PRINCE; NATURAL DISASTERS; EVACUATION; EARTHQUAKE; NETWORKS; MODELS; RISK AB The growing number of man-made and natural disasters in recent years has made the disaster management a focal point of interest and research. To assist and streamline emergency evacuation, changing the directions of the roads (called contraflow, a traffic control measure) is proven to be an effective, quick and affordable scheme in the action list of the disaster management. The contrafiow is computationally a challenging problem (known as NP-hard), hence developing an efficient method applicable to real-world and large-sized cases is a significant challenge in the literature. To cope with its complexities and to tailor to practical applications, a hybrid heuristic method based on a machine-learning model and bilevel optimization is developed. The idea is to try and test several contrafiow scenarios providing a training dataset for a supervised learning (regression) model which is then used in an optimization framework to find a better scenario in an iterative process. This method is coded as a single computer program synchronized with GAMS (for optimization), MATLAB (for machine learning), EMME3 (for traffic simulation), MS-Access (for data storage) and MS-Excel (as an interface), and it is tested using a real dataset from Winnipeg, and Sioux-Falls as benchmarks. The algorithm managed to find globally optimal solutions for the Sioux-Falls example and improved accessibility to the dense and congested central areas of Winnipeg just by changing the direction of some roads. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 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Appl. PD JUN 15 PY 2019 VL 124 BP 67 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.eswa.2019.01.042 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HP2TZ UT WOS:000461529600006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Ku, M Oh, SS AF Kim, Yushim Ku, Minyoung Oh, Seong Soo TI Public health emergency response coordination: putting the plan into practice SO JOURNAL OF RISK RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Response coordination plan; MERS-CoV; social network analysis ID PREPAREDNESS; RISK; MANAGEMENT; HAZARDS AB Insufficient specifications about public health emergency coordination involving government entities have been criticized as a contributing factor in managerial and institutional shortcomings. In response, this study analyzed the coordination plan and actions taken during the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea. Using network data, we found a low congruence between the planned response coordination networks and those carried out. This result was observed for two reasons. First, unrealized or newly emerging relationships among planned actors contributed to the low congruence. Second, the response plan overlooked the role and relationships of several intermediary actors between the local and national actors in the government system. The broad implication is that public health emergency preparedness and response agencies may be cognizant of the neglected areas in drawing the boundaries between-and the relationships of-core and emergent actors in emergency planning. C1 [Kim, Yushim] Arizona State Univ, Sch Publ Affairs, 411 N Cent Ave,Ste 400, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Ku, Minyoung] CUNY, Dept Publ Management, John Jay Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Oh, Seong Soo] Hanyang Univ, Dept Publ Adm, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Publ Affairs, 411 N Cent Ave,Ste 400, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. EM ykim@asu.edu FU Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea; National Research Foundation of KoreaNational Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2016S1A3A2924956]; National Research Foundation of Korea (Ministry of Science and ICT) [2018R1A5A7059549] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2016S1A3A2924956). We were also technically and financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (Ministry of Science and ICT) (No. 2018R1A5A7059549). 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Risk Res. DI 10.1080/13669877.2019.1628092 EA JUN 2019 PG 17 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA II5CL UT WOS:000475212800001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bojovic, D Giupponi, C AF Bojovic, Dragana Giupponi, Carlo TI Understanding the dissemination and adoption of innovations through social network analysis: geospatial solutions for disaster management in Nepal and Kenya SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE landslide; flood; earth observation; social network analysis; disaster risk reduction ID CENTRALITY; COMMUNICATION; RISK; COUNTRIES; PATTERNS; INSIGHTS; KATRINA; EVENTS AB Vulnerable areas of the world, including many developing countries, are increasingly exposed to natural disasters. New technologies, such as geospatial technologies, could help them manage the risks of extreme events and cope with disaster aftershock. However, new technologies are often disseminated slowly among the relevant stakeholders. Assuming that knowledge exchange through stakeholder networks can effectively enhance the uptake of innovation, this research applied a social network approach focussing on the structural patterns of communication and collaboration networks regarding landslide-related disasters in Nepal and floods in Kenya. Using methods of formal social network analysis, we reveal centrally positioned stakeholders and discuss their actual and potential roles in outscaling innovations between the different sectors and upscaling them to different levels within the disaster management communities under study. In doing so, this case study demonstrates the potential of social network analysis for improving the dissemination of innovations for disaster risk management. C1 [Bojovic, Dragana; Giupponi, Carlo] Ca Foscari Univ Venice, Dept Econ, Venice, Italy. [Bojovic, Dragana; Giupponi, Carlo] Ca Foscari Univ Venice, Venice Ctr Climate Studies VICCS, Venice, Italy. [Bojovic, Dragana] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS, Earth Sci Dept, Barcelona, Spain. RP Bojovic, D (reprint author), Ca Foscari Univ Venice, Dept Econ, Venice, Italy.; Bojovic, D (reprint author), Ca Foscari Univ Venice, Venice Ctr Climate Studies VICCS, Venice, Italy.; Bojovic, D (reprint author), Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS, Earth Sci Dept, Barcelona, Spain. EM dragana.bojovic@bsc.es FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Office of Global Climate Change in USAID's Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and Environment (USAID/E3/GCC) - the E3 Analytics and Evaluation Project FX This research was supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Office of Global Climate Change in USAID's Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and Environment (USAID/E3/GCC) - the E3 Analytics and Evaluation Project. The research was conducted with Management Systems International (MSI), which is the lead implementer of the E3 Analytics and Evaluation Project. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Isaac Morrison, Jared Berenter, Gana Pati Ojha, Robert Mbeche, Thakur Bhatta and Josiah Mwangi in data collection. We are thankful to all the study participants for their valuable contributions. 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DI 10.1080/09640568.2019.1614435 EA JUN 2019 PG 24 WC Development Studies; Regional & Urban Planning SC Development Studies; Public Administration GA IF2VB UT WOS:000472937100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kabir, G Suda, H Cruz, AM Giraldo, FM Tesfamariam, S AF Kabir, Golam Suda, Haruki Cruz, Ana Maria Munoz Giraldo, Felipe Tesfamariam, Solomon TI Earthquake-related Natech risk assessment using a Bayesian belief network model SO STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Quantitative risk analysis; Natech risk analysis; Natural hazard; Bayesian belief network; Uncertainty; Earthquakes ID QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT; METHODOLOGY; FACILITIES; IMPACT AB Natural hazard triggering technological disasters (Natech) events pose risks to industrial facilities and process plants. As these plants handle hazardous materials, they can endanger nearby residential areas and have financial consequences. Thus, proper Natech risk assessment is required for effective prevention, mitigation and emergency response planning at industrial plants and nearby residential areas. The parameters used to quantify Natech risk assessment are subject to uncertainties and their interactions are non-linear. In this study, a Bayesian belief network-based Natech risk assessment model is developed to assess the earthquake-related Natech risk considering different levels of uncertainties. The cause and effect relationships between different parameters are constructed based on published body of knowledge and expert knowledge. The capabilities of the proposed model are demonstrated for the earthquake-related Natech risk assessment of Kobe City, Higashinada Ward, Japan because of the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995. The proposed model is also capable of performing both predictive analysis and diagnostic analysis. C1 [Kabir, Golam] Univ Windsor, Dept Mech Automot Mat Engn, Windsor, ON, Canada. [Suda, Haruki; Cruz, Ana Maria] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Uji, Kyoto, Japan. [Munoz Giraldo, Felipe] Univ Los Andes, Sch Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Tesfamariam, Solomon] Univ British Columbia, Sch Engn, Kelowna, BC, Canada. [Kabir, Golam] Univ Regina, Fac Engn & Appl Sci, Ind Syst Engn, ED 432,3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. RP Kabir, G (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Dept Mech Automot Mat Engn, Windsor, ON, Canada.; Kabir, G (reprint author), Univ Regina, Fac Engn & Appl Sci, Ind Syst Engn, ED 432,3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. EM golam.kabir@uregina.ca OI Munoz Giraldo, Felipe/0000-0001-5045-1713 FU Natural Science Engineering Research Council CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2014-05013] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Engineering Research Council Canada Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2014-05013) of the last author. 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PD JUN 3 PY 2019 VL 15 IS 6 BP 725 EP 739 DI 10.1080/15732479.2019.1569070 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA IC9MG UT WOS:000471306300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fang, K Lin, S AF Fang, Kwoting Lin, Shuoche TI An Integrated Approach for Modeling Ontology-Based Task Knowledge on an Incident Command System SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE problem-solving; incident command system; task ontology; knowledge management ID PETRI NETS; MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB This paper presents the TTIPP methodology, an integration of task analysis, task ontology, integration definition function modeling (IDEF0), Petri net, and Petri net mark language (PNML), to organize and model the task knowledge in the form of natural language expressions acquired during the knowledge-acquisition process. The goal of the methodology is to make the tasks more useful, accessible, and sharable through the web for a variety of stakeholders interested in solving a problem which is expressed mostly in linguistic form, and to shed light on the nature of problem-solving knowledge. This study provides a core epistemology for the knowledge engineer while developing the task ontology for a generic task. The proposed model overcomes the drawbacks of IDEF0, which are its static nature and Petri net which has no concept of hierarchy. A good number of countries lie on the typhoon and earthquake belts, which make them vulnerable to natural calamities. However, a practical incident command system (ICS) that provides a common framework to allow emergency responders of different backgrounds to work together effectively for standardized, on-the-scene, incident management has yet to be developed. There is a strong need to explicitly share, copy, and reuse the existing problem-solving knowledge in a complex ICS. As an example, the TTIPP model is applied to the task of emergency response for debris-flow during a typhoon as a part of an ICS. C1 [Fang, Kwoting; Lin, Shuoche] Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Touliu 640, Yunlin, Taiwan. RP Fang, K (reprint author), Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Touliu 640, Yunlin, Taiwan. EM fangkt@yuntech.edu.tw; diablo79802@gmail.com FU National Science Council (NSC)National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 93-2625-Z-224-002] FX This research was supported in part by the following National Science Council (NSC) grants: NSC 93-2625-Z-224-002. 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In particular, from the Great East Japan Eartquake in March 2011, Japan has suffered from the highest frequency of disasters (floods, earthquakes, etc.) and the single largest external force (tsunami) that have not been experienced before. For such disasters of the maximum frequency, the hard and soft countermeasures alone have limitations and it is critical to integrate and appropriately harmonize them with various disaster prevention systems. The purpose of this study is to develop a flood risk management information system to support natural disaster mitigation measures. The main function of the disaster prevention support system is to select the most similar one to a typhoon before landing based on past typhoon data and artificial intelligence (AI) technology and to present guidelines for prior disaster prevention activities according to various disaster factors caused by the selected typhoon (e.g., water level and river flow rate). A database was constructed for 189 typhoons that directly or indirectly affected the target area among those that occurred between 1950 and 2017, and a system was developed by applying AI technologies such as Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Dropout. The main parameters of this database are typhoon route, central pressure, moving speed, precipitation, water level, and flow rate. For the grid sizes of the model, 2 degrees and 1 degrees in longitude and in latitude were considered. The system search results showed the highest reliability of the model at the grid size of 1 degrees when only typhoon route, center pressure, and moving speed were considered compared to the results of considering other parameters. C1 [Kim, Yeon-joong; Yura, Eisaku] Construct Tech Inst, Engn Water Management & Res Div, Osaka, Japan. [Kim, Tea-woo; Yoon, Jong-sung] Inje Univ, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Gimhae, South Korea. RP Yoon, JS (reprint author), Inje Univ, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Gimhae, South Korea. EM civyunjs@inje.ac.kr FU Research Foundation of Korea's Basic Research Program in Science and Engineering [NRF-2017R1D1A3B 03033090] FX This study is part of research performed with support from the 2017National Research Foundation of Korea's Basic Research Program in Science and Engineering (NRF-2017R1D1A3B 03033090), and the authors would like to express their thanks for its support for the research expenses. CR Japan Meteorological Business Support Center (JMBSC), AN RAINF Kim Y-J., 2015, INT J EROSION CONTRO, V9, P58 National Institute of Informatics (NII), DIG TYPH Tanaka K., 2015, JAPAN SOC CIVIL ENG, V21, P443 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI COCONUT CREEK PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 2019 SI 91 BP 186 EP 190 DI 10.2112/SI91-038.1 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA IX5KZ UT WOS:000485724400038 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wang, RF Zhang, Y Li, JG Zhao, W Wang, FZ Cao, HJ Duan, YP AF Wang, Rui-Fu Zhang, Ya Li, Jia-Gui Zhao, Wei Wang, Fang-Zheng Cao, Hong-Jun Duan, Ya-Ping TI Development of Green Tide Monitoring with Satellite Images SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Green tide; GIS; remote sensing; influence area ID COASTAL WATERS; ASSIMILATION; SEA AB Since the large-scale bloom in 2008, green tide, as a marine natural disaster, happens every year along the coast of Qingdao. It brings huge economic losses to society every year. Therefore, it is urgent to monitor the green tide in real time to obtain its dynamic information. Generally, researches on green tide are mainly focused on the coverage area. For Operational Application of Disaster Emergency Response, the influence range of the green tide is what people is concerned about. The influence range of the green tide can not only give information about the gaps between small green tide patches but also show the trend of development of greed tide. The research is mainly about the influence range of the green tide. An algorithm is designed for extracting the green tide distribution boundaries automatically. Principle of the algorithm is based on mathematical morphology dilation/erosion operation. This paper mainly improves in the following aspects: the partition of the green tide blocks, the accurate and efficient extraction of the distribution range and distribution contour of the green tide, and the filtering of the island. Since green tide mainly bursts along the Qingdao Coast and there is no established system so far, a system for monitoring green tides is established. On the basis of IDL/GIS secondary development technology, the system integrated environment of RS and GIS. It can be used for remote sensing monitoring and information extraction. Optical sensor data and microwave sensor data are used in this system. Special processing flow and algorithms for extracting information are designed based on the different characteristics of these data. Without using this system, a complete data process from beginning to ending needs 2 hours, but it can be finished in 10-15 minutes now in this system. The system runs smoothly and successfully in the State Oceanic Administration for three years till now. C1 [Wang, Rui-Fu; Li, Jia-Gui; Zhao, Wei; Cao, Hong-Jun; Duan, Ya-Ping] Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Geomat, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ya] SBSM, Key Lab Surveying & Mapping Technol Isl & Reef, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Fang-Zheng] Tianjin Star GIS Informat Engn Co Ltd, Tianjin, Peoples R China. RP Wang, RF (reprint author), Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Geomat, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM wrf@sdust.edu.cn FU public science and technology research funds projects of ocean [201205010-4]; National Natural Science Foundation, ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61890964]; China-Korea Joint Ocean Research Center project [PI-2019-1-01] FX This paper is supported by a grant from public science and technology research funds projects of ocean of which project number is 201205010-4, the National Natural Science Foundation, China under Grant 61890964 and China-Korea Joint Ocean Research Center project (PI-2019-1-01). CR DEKKER AG, 1993, INT J REMOTE SENS, V14, P799, DOI 10.1080/01431169308904379 He M. 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Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 2019 SI 90 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.2112/SI90-013.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA IX5HE UT WOS:000485714500014 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Pricope, NG Halls, JN Rosul, LM Hidalgo, C AF Pricope, Narcisa G. Halls, Joanne N. Rosul, Lauren M. Hidalgo, Christopher TI Residential flood vulnerability along the developed North Carolina, USA coast: High resolution social and physical data for decision support SO DATA IN BRIEF LA English DT Article; Data Paper AB This article presents an ArcGIS geodatabase of socio-demographic and physical characteristics derived from recent high resolution data sources to construct measures of population vulnerability to inundation in the 28 counties of coastal North Carolina, U.S.A. as presented in Pricope et al., 2019. The region is simultaneously densely populated, low-lying and exposed to recurrent inundation related to storms and incremental sea level rise. The data presented here can be used as a decision support tool in coastal planning, emergency management preparedness, designing adaptation strategies and developing strategies for coastal resilience. The socio-demographic data (population and housing) was derived from 228 tables at the block-group level of geography from the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau. These data were statistically analyzed, using Principal Component Analysis, to identify key factors and then used to construct a Social Vulnerability Index (SOVI) at the block-group level of geography which highlighted regions where socio-demographic characteristics such as family structure, race, housing (primarily owner vs. renter-occupied), special needs populations (e.g. elderly and group living), and household/family size play an overwhelmingly important role in determining community vulnerability from a social perspective. An index of physical exposure was developed using the National Flood Hazards Maps (available from North Carolina's Flood Risk Information System and FEMA) along with a novel building inventory dataset available from the North Carolina Department of Public Safety that contains the Finished-Floor Elevation of every structure in the state. We took advantage of the unprecedented high spatial resolution nature of the building inventory dataset to calculate an index of physical vulnerability to inundation of every block group in the 28 coastal counties relative to Base Flood elevations and identified hotspots where this intersection predisposes people to an increased risk of flooding. Here, we present the final derived dataset containing the social, physical and an integrative measure of vulnerability to flooding that can be used at multiple scales of analysis, starting with the regional, county, local, and neighborhood to identify areas of priority intervention for risk-reduction in coastal planning and emergency management preparedness as well as forward-looking adaptation strategies. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pricope, Narcisa G.; Halls, Joanne N.; Rosul, Lauren M.; Hidalgo, Christopher] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. RP Pricope, NG (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. EM npricope@gmail.com RI PRICOPE, NARCISA/D-7123-2015 OI PRICOPE, NARCISA/0000-0002-6591-7237 FU University of North Carolina Wilmington Office of Community Engagement FX This work was funded by the University of North Carolina Wilmington Office of Community Engagement. CR Pricope N. G., 2019, J ENVIRON MANAGE, P387 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-3409 J9 DATA BRIEF JI Data Brief PD JUN PY 2019 VL 24 AR UNSP 103975 DI 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103975 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA IV0UB UT WOS:000483993000139 PM 31193930 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mishra, AK Nagaraju, V AF Mishra, Anoop Kumar Nagaraju, Vanganuru TI Space-based monitoring of severe flooding of a southern state in India during south-west monsoon season of 2018 SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Floods; Extreme rain events; Satellite remote sensing; Disaster ID EVENTS AB Kerala, a southern state of India, experienced a severe flooding due to multi-day extreme rain events during July and August months of 2018. This disaster was one of the worst floods to hit the state and resulted in heavy losses of lives and property. Natural Disaster Management Authority of India reported that 483 people lost their lives and more than 50 lakhs population were affected severely. This short communication focuses on examining this flood event using satellite remote sensing. It is reported that Kerala received an excess of about 56% rainfall during July and August from multi-day extreme rainfall episodes. Few regions of Kerala received the rainfall in the range of 270-300 mm on August 14 and 15. Hourly rainfall events in the excess of 25 mm have also been reported during heavy rainy days. The present study reports that multi-day heavy rainy events during July and August brought an accumulated rainfall of about 1600 mm, which resulted in extreme flooding over Kerala. C1 [Mishra, Anoop Kumar; Nagaraju, Vanganuru] Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Remote Sensing & Geoinformat, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Mishra, AK (reprint author), Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Remote Sensing & Geoinformat, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India. EM daksha112@gmail.com FU HRDG CSIR [24(0350)/17/EMR-II] FX Funding support from HRDG CSIR through Grant Number 24(0350)/17/EMR-II is thankfully acknowledged. CR Goswami BN, 2006, SCIENCE, V314, P1442, DOI 10.1126/science.1132027 Mishra AK, 2019, METEOROL APPL, V26, P1, DOI [10.1002/met.1729, DOI 10.1002/MET.1729] Mishra A, 2013, CURR SCI INDIA, V105, P1351 Mishra AK, 2016, NAT HAZARDS, V82, P1431, DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2249-5 Mishra AK, 2015, NAT HAZARDS, V78, P1463, DOI 10.1007/s11069-015-1768-9 Mishra AK, 2013, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V51, P4349, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2226733 Papalexiou SM, 2019, WATER RESOUR RES Vishnu CL, 2019, GEOMAT NAT HAZ RISK, V10, P758, DOI 10.1080/19475705.2018.1543212 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X EI 1573-0840 J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD JUN PY 2019 VL 97 IS 2 BP 949 EP 953 DI 10.1007/s11069-019-03673-6 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IS3QO UT WOS:000482068400023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hamer, MJM Reed, PL Greulich, JD Beadling, CW AF Hamer, Melinda J. Morton Reed, Paul L. Greulich, Jane D. Beadling, Charles W. TI Economic Community of West African States Disaster Preparedness Tabletop Exercise: Building Regional Capacity to Enhance Health Security SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE civil military; humanitarian aid; disaster preparedness; Ebola response AB Objective The West African Disaster Preparedness Initiative held a disaster preparedness tabletop exercise with representatives from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in November 2015. The tabletop exercise was hosted by the Republic of Ghana's National Disaster Management Organization and partners in Accra, Ghana. Methods ECOWAS Commission delegates and representatives from 10 member states were confronted with a series of simulated crises. Participants utilized existing national preparedness plans and web-based information technologies to research and communicate about internal disaster threats and those from neighboring countries. After each of the exercise's three phases, facilitators distributed participant surveys. Results A total of 106 individuals participated in the tabletop exercise. During the exercise, national teams utilizing well-developed disaster contingency plans and emergency operations center (EOC) standard operating procedures (SOPs) reached out to help less-prepared national teams. Key issues identified in the survey were language and cultural issues as barriers, effectiveness of disaster management agencies linked to heads of state, and the need for data sharing and real-time communication for situational awareness and multisector coordination. Conclusion This tabletop exercise helped improve and refine the ECOWAS regional and member states' national SOPs that teams will employ to prepare for, respond to, and recover from future disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:400-404) C1 [Hamer, Melinda J. Morton; Reed, Paul L.; Greulich, Jane D.; Beadling, Charles W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Global Hlth Engagement, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hamer, Melinda J. Morton] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, 1830 E Monument St,Suite 6-100, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hamer, Melinda J. Morton] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr Study Preparedness & Catastroph Event Re, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hamer, Melinda J. Morton] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Refugee & Disaster Response, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hamer, MJM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, 1830 E Monument St,Suite 6-100, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mmorton@jhmi.edu OI Hamer, Melinda/0000-0002-6736-1738 FU Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid Funding FX Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid Funding CR Hamer MJM, 2017, DISASTER MED PUBLIC, V11, P431, DOI 10.1017/dmp.2016.155 Hollis S, 2015, ROLE REGIONAL ORG DI, DOI DOI 10.1057/9781137439307_1 Mansourian A, 2005, GEOINFORMATION DISAS, P599 Morton M, 2011, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V26, P196, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X11006339 Ness AB, SEARCH STABILITY WAK Sy A, UNDERSTANDING EC EFF WAECKERLE JF, 1991, NEW ENGL J MED, V324, P815 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 13 IS 3 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.44 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IK6BI UT WOS:000476670100003 PM 29843836 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hall, JL Leifer, I Warren, DW Hayhurst, TL Lampen, CP Tratt, DM AF Hall, Jeffrey L. Leifer, Ira Warren, David W. Hayhurst, Thomas L. Lampen, Caleb P. Tratt, David M. TI Multi-Order Carbon Spectral Imager : A Sensor Concept for Carbon Cycle Investigations SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE STATIONARY SOURCES; METHANE EMISSIONS; NATURAL-GAS; AIR-QUALITY; LOS-ANGELES; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; FOSSIL-FUEL; CO2 COLUMN; DIOXIDE AB Despite their importance to climate change, significant current and future source uncertainties remain for the most important carbon greenhouse gases (GHGs) methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), particularly for the developing world. Mitigation by effective regulation and treaties requires accurate global GHG budgets, which only global-scale (satellite) remote sensing can deliver. A high spatial and spectral resolution spectrometer is needed; herein, we present the design concept for a Multi-Order Carbon Spectral Imager (MOCSI). MOCSI is designed for the global measurement of differential GHG column density and source fingerprinting from low Earth orbit. MOCSI includes three wavebands for CH4, CO2, and carbon monoxide (CO), whose altitude weighting functions emphasize the boundary layer, where the dominant GHG anthropogenic and natural sources are still unmixed and therefore most easily discerned against background levels. CO aids discrimination of megacity and fire GHG emissions from other sources and is also a precursor for ozone, which is also an important GHG. High spectral resolution ensures discrimination of target species from interferents, while high spatial resolution enhances sensitivity for discrete source identification and emission quantification. MOCSI is a compact, high-throughput shortwave-infrared push broom spectrometer that disperses multiple orders of a single grating onto a single focal plane array to minimize size, weight, and power of the instrument. MOCSI is specified to provide spatial and temporal resolution and sensitivity sufficient to address important global science questions related to megacity emissions, shifts in hydrocarbon production, and disaster response, as well as many others. C1 [Hall, Jeffrey L.; Warren, David W.; Hayhurst, Thomas L.; Lampen, Caleb P.; Tratt, David M.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Leifer, Ira] Bubbleol Res Int Inc, Solvang, CA USA. RP Hall, JL (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. EM jeffrey.l.hall@aero.org RI Tratt, David M/A-7884-2009 OI Tratt, David M/0000-0002-3942-6848; Warren, David/0000-0003-4929-5770; Lampen, Caleb/0000-0002-1003-1156 FU Aerospace Corporation Independent Research & Development program office; Aerospace Corporation Civil & Commercial Operations program office; Bubbleology Research International, Inc. FX This work was supported by The Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research & Development and Civil & Commercial Operations program offices and by Bubbleology Research International, Inc. The performance modeling results described do not include geophysical data. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 6 IS 6 BP 990 EP 1003 DI 10.1029/2018EA000419 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA IM0YW UT WOS:000477716600008 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ullah, R Emad, SM Jilani, T Azam, W Uddin, MZ AF Ullah, Rafi Emad, Shah Muhammad Jilani, Taha Azam, Waqas Uddin, Muhammad Zain TI IRPanet: Intelligent Routing Protocol in VANET for Dynamic Route Optimization SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Intelligent routing protocol; heuristics based routing; applications of VANET; Vehicular Adhoc Network; VANET routing protocol ID AD HOC NETWORKS; SCHEME AB This paper presents novel routing protocol, IRPANET (Intelligent Routing Protocol in VANET) for Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET). Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks are special class of Mobile Adhoc Network, created by road vehicles installed with wireless gadgets). Since the environment is dynamic due to high mobility and the topology changes are too frequent, no connection or path can be established between nodes. The issues are challenging for the design of an effective and efficient protocol for such a dynamic environment. This problem can be solved using probabilistic, heuristic and even machine learning based approaches incorporated with store and forward mechanism. Here, we proposed a design framework using heuristics and probabilistic approaches composite with the time series techniques for selecting best and optimize path for forwarding packets using open street map (OSM). Our proposed algorithm uses various parameters (Heuristics Based Routing) for calculating optimal path for packets to be sent, such geographical position (GPS installed in every vehicle), velocity / speed of vehicle, priority of the packets, distances (Euclidean, Haversine, Vicinity) between vehicle, direction of vehicle, communication range of the vehicle, free buffer of nodes and network congestion. These networks can be used for medical emergency, security, entertainment and routing purposes (applications of VANET). These parameters while used in collaboration provide us a very strong and admissible heuristics. We have mathematically proved that the proposed technique is efficient for the routing of packets especially in medical emergency situation. C1 [Ullah, Rafi; Emad, Shah Muhammad; Jilani, Taha; Uddin, Muhammad Zain] PAF KIET Karachi, Coll Comp & Informat Sci, Karachi, Pakistan. [Azam, Waqas] 10Pearls, Karachi, Pakistan. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 10 IS 6 BP 444 EP 450 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA IK5JF UT WOS:000476620800058 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nawari, NO Ravindran, S AF Nawari, Nawari O. Ravindran, Shriraam TI Blockchain and Building Information Modeling (BIM): Review and Applications in Post-Disaster Recovery SO BUILDINGS LA English DT Review DE Blockchain; BIM; Post-Disaster Recover; rebuilding after a disaster; distributed ledger; Hyperledger Fabric; Smart Contract; AEC ID CONSTRUCTION; CYBERSECURITY; TECHNOLOGY; DISASTER; MANAGEMENT; CHECKING; OUTLOOK AB Blockchain Technology (BCT) is a growing digital technology that in recent years has gained widespread traction in various industries in the public and private sectors. BCT is a decentralized ledger that records every transaction made in the network, known as a block', the body of which is comprised of encrypted data of the entire transaction history. BCT was introduced as the working mechanism that forms the operational basis of Bitcoin, the first digital cryptocurrency to gain mainstream appeal. The introduction of decentralized data exchange technology in any industry would require strengthened security, enforce accountability, and could potentially accelerate a shift in workflow dynamics from current centralized architectures to a decentralized, cooperative chain of command and affect a cultural and societal change by encouraging trust and transparency. BCT aims at creating a system that would offer a robust self-regulating, self-monitoring, and cyber-resilient data transaction operation, assuring the facilitation and protection of a truly efficient data exchange system. In the state of Florida, climate change and unpredicted weather disasters have put pressure on state and local decision-makers to adapt quick and efficient post-disaster recovery systems. Part of the recovery efforts is the reconstruction of buildings and infrastructure. The introduction of new technologies in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry can contribute to addressing recovery and rebuilding after the event of a natural disaster. With parallel technological advancement in geospatial data and Geographic Information System (GIS), as well as worsening climatic conditions, concerns can be suitably addressed by employing an integrated system of both Building Information Modeling (BIM) and BCT. While several potential applications of BIM must provide solutions to disaster-related issues, few have seen practical applications in recent years that indicate the potential benefits of such implementations. The feasibility of BIM-based applications still rests on the reliability of connectivity and cyber-security, indicating a strong use case for using BCT in conjunction with BIM for post-disaster recovery. This research depicts a survey of BCT and its applications in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industries and examines the potential incorporation within the BIM process to address post-disaster rebuilding problems. Moreover, the study investigates the potential application of BCT in improving the framework for automating the building permitting process using Smart Contract (SC) technologies and Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), as well as discussing future research areas. The study proposes a new conceptualized framework resulting from the integration of BCT and BIM processes to improve the efficiency of building permit processes in post-disaster events. C1 [Nawari, Nawari O.; Ravindran, Shriraam] Univ Florida, Sch Architecture, Coll Design Construct & Planning, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Nawari, NO (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Architecture, Coll Design Construct & Planning, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM nnawari@ufl.edu; shr1raam@ufl.edu OI Ravindran, Shriraam/0000-0002-1385-2662 FU College of Design, Construction, and Planning (DCP) at the University of Florida FX This research was partially supported by the College of Design, Construction, and Planning (DCP) at the University of Florida. The author would like to extend his sincere gratitude to DCP for providing the seed fund for this research project. CR ACT IAC, 2017, EN BLOCKCH INN US FE Ahn YH, 2016, J MANAGE ENG, V32, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000390 Anderson M. J., 2017, WILEY STATSREF STAT, DOI [10.1002/9781118445112.stat07841, DOI 10.1002/9781118445112.STAT07841] Androulaki E, 2018, EUROSYS '18: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTEENTH EUROSYS CONFERENCE, DOI 10.1145/3190508.3190538 Atkins B.J.B., 2013, CISC VIS NETW IND GL Azhar S., 2011, LEADERSHIP MANAGE EN, V11, P241, DOI DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127 Bartoletti Massimo, 2017, Financial Cryptography and Data Security. 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K. Zheng, Zibin TI Energy-efficient data routing in cooperative UAV swarms for medical assistance after a disaster SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID CLOUD; ROBUSTNESS; ALGORITHM AB Medical assistance is crucial to disaster management. In particular, the situation of survivors as well as the environmental information after disasters should be collected and sent back to cloud/data centers immediately for further interpretation and analysis. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-aided disaster management has been considered a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of searching and rescuing survivors after a disaster, in which a group of UAVs collaborates to accomplish the search and rescue task. However, the battery capacity of UAVs is a critical shortcoming that limits their usage. Worse still, the unstable network connectivity of disaster sites could lead to high latency of data transmission from UAV to remote data centers, which could make significant challenges on real-time data collecting and processing. To solve the above problems, in this paper, we investigate an energy-efficient multihop data routing algorithm with the guarantee of quality-of-service for UAV-aided medical assistance. Specifically, we first study the data routing problem to minimize the energy consumption considering transmission rate, time delay, and life cycle of the UAV swarms. Then, we formulate the issue as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model. Because of the Non-deterministic Polynomial-hardness of this problem, we propose a polynomial time algorithm based on a genetic algorithm to solve the problem. To achieve high efficiency, we further enhance our algorithm based on DBSCAN and adaptive techniques. Extensive experiments show that our approach can outperform the state-of-the-art methods. Published under license by AIP Publishing. C1 [Yang, Yuanhao; Qiu, Xiaoyu; Li, Shenghui; Chen, Wuhui; Zheng, Zibin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Data & Comp Sci, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Junbo] Univ Aizu, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima 9650000, Japan. [Hung, Patrick C. K.] Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Business & IT, Oshawa, ON L0B, Canada. RP Chen, WH (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Data & Comp Sci, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM yangyh57@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; qiuxy23@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; lishh53@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; j-wang@u-aizu.ac.jp; chenwuh@mail.sysu.edu.cn; patrick.hung@uoit.ca; zhzibin@mail.sysu.edu.cn OI Li, Shenghui/0000-0003-0145-3127 FU National Key Research and Development Plan [2018YFB1003800]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC)National Natural Science Foundation of China [61802450, 61722214]; Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2016); Natural Science Foundation of GuangdongNational Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2018A030313005]; Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams [2017ZT07X355] FX The work described in this paper was supported by theNational Key Research and Development Plan (Grant No. 2018YFB1003800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (Grant Nos. 61802450 and 61722214), the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2016), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (Grant No. 2018A030313005), and the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams (Grant No. 2017ZT07X355). 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The subject is now a multidisciplinary area of research where information and communication technologies (ICT), and in particular the Internet of Things (IoT), have a significant impact on sensing and computing dynamic reactions that mitigate or prevent the worst outcomes of disasters. This paper offers state-of-the-art knowledge in this area so as to share ongoing research results, identify the research gaps and address the need for future research. We present a comprehensive review of research on emergency evacuation and wayfinding, focusing on the algorithmic and system design aspects. Starting from the history of emergency management research, we identify the emerging challenges concerning system optimisation, evacuee behaviour optimisation and data analysis, and the additional energy consumption by ICT equipment that operates the emergency management infrastructure. C1 [Bi, Huibo] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Metropolitan Transportat, Beijing Key Lab Traff Engn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China. [Gelenbe, Erol] Polish Acad Sci IITIS PAN, Inst Theoret & Appl Informat, Baltycka 5, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland. [Gelenbe, Erol] Imperial Coll London, London SW7 2BT, England. RP Gelenbe, E (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci IITIS PAN, Inst Theoret & Appl Informat, Baltycka 5, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.; Gelenbe, E (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, London SW7 2BT, England. EM huibobi@bjut.edu.cn; gelenbe.erol@gmail.com OI Gelenbe, Erol/0000-0001-9688-2201 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [780139] FX This research has been partially supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 780139 for the SerIoT Project. The information and views set out in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies, nor any person or organization acting on their behalf, may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained herein. 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The Bank of America Chicago Marathon (Chicago, Illinois USA) is one of the largest marathons in the world, and with the improvement of technology, the use of historical patient and event data, in conjunction with environmental conditions, can provide organizers and public safety officials a way to plan based on injury patterns and patient demands for care by predicting the placement and timing of needed medical support and resources.Problem:During large-scale events, disaster planning and preparedness between event organizers, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and local, state, and federal agencies is critical to ensure participant and public safety.Methods:This study looked at the Bank of America Chicago Marathon, a significant endurance event, and took a unique approach of reviewing digital runner data retrospectively over a five-year period to establish patterns of medical demand geographically, temporally, and by the presenting diagnoses. Most medical complaints were musculoskeletal in nature; however, there were life-threatening conditions such as hyperthermia and cardiac incidents that highlight the need for detailed planning, coordination, and communication to ensure a safe and secure event.Conclusions:The Chicago Marathon is one of the largest marathons in the world, and this study identified an equal number of participants requiring care on-course and at the finish line. Most medical complaints were musculoskeletal in nature; however, there were life-threatening conditions such as hyperthermia and cardiac incidents that highlight the need for detailed planning, multi-disciplined coordination, and communication to ensure a safe and secure event. As technology has evolved, the use, analysis, and implementation of historical digital data with various environmental conditions can provide organizers and public safety officials a map to plan injury patterns and patient demands by predicting the placement and timing of needed medical support, personnel, and resources. C1 [Chan, Jennifer Lisa; Chiampas, George] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Constantinou, Valentino] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Fokas, Jennifer] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Phillips, Sarah Van Deusen] Chicago Event Med, Chicago, IL USA. RP Chan, JL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Northwestern Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM jennifer-chan@northwestern.edu OI Constantinou, Valentino/0000-0002-5279-4143 FU Chicago Event Management (CEM; Chicago, Illinois USA); Bank of America (Charlotte, North Carolina USA) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Chicago Event Management (CEM; Chicago, Illinois USA) and Bank of America (Charlotte, North Carolina USA). 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 34 IS 3 BP 308 EP 316 DI 10.1017/S1049023X19004345 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA IK4QO UT WOS:000476571600012 PM 31204640 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Huang, W Cao, ZX Huang, MH Duan, WG Ni, YF Yang, WJ AF Huang, Wei Cao, Zhixian Huang, Minghai Duan, Wengang Ni, Yufang Yang, Wenjun TI A New Flash Flood Warning Scheme Based on Hydrodynamic Modelling SO WATER LA English DT Article DE flash flood warning; hydrodynamic modelling; critical rainfall; hazard index ID ANTECEDENT SOIL-MOISTURE; RAINFALL THRESHOLDS; OVERLAND-FLOW; SYSTEM; CATCHMENTS; FREQUENCY; SUPPORT; PLANE; WATER AB Flash flooding is one of the most severe natural hazards and commonly occurs in mountainous and hilly areas. Due to the rapid onset of flash floods, early warnings are critical for disaster mitigation and adaptation. In this paper, a flash flood warning scheme is proposed based on hydrodynamic modelling and critical rainfall. Hydrodynamic modelling considers different rainfall and initial soil moisture conditions. The critical rainfall is calculated from the critical hazard, which is based on the flood flow depth and velocity. After the critical rainfall is calculated for each cell in the catchment, a critical rainfall database is built for flash flood warning. Finally, a case study is presented to show the operating procedure of the new flash flood warning scheme. C1 [Huang, Wei; Cao, Zhixian; Ni, Yufang] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Huang, Wei; Huang, Minghai; Duan, Wengang; Yang, Wenjun] Changjiang River Sci Res Inst, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Huang, W; Cao, ZX (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.; Huang, W (reprint author), Changjiang River Sci Res Inst, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM huangvy@whu.edu.cn; zxcao@whu.edu.cn; hmh_hk@126.com; ckydwg@163.com; yufangni@whu.edu.cn; yangwj@mail.crsri.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC1508002, 2018YFC1508601]; Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [11502032, 11432015] FX This study was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2018YFC1508002 and 2018YFC1508601) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 11502032 and 11432015). 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This circumstance could get worse, taking into account climate change effects. The literature points out different adaptation measures to minimize the possible increasing effects caused by climate change. Among them is the improvement of the vulnerability of a transport network and Emergency Management Systems. The effective management of emergencies is of vital importance to minimize the potential damage resulting from a catastrophe. Given such circumstances, analysis of the vulnerability of networks is a technique whose results highlight deficiencies and serve as support for future decisions concerning the transformation of the network or the installation of new emergency centers. The main objective of this research is to highlight the vulnerability of the road network in a variety of multi-contingency scenarios related to flooding and to identify the optimal location for a new emergency management center based on that analysis. The results obtained could be used in urban planning tasks to improve the resilience of urban areas in the face of an increase in flood episodes caused by climate change. C1 [Perez-Morales, Alfredo; Gomariz-Castillo, Francisco; Pardo-Zaragoza, Pablo] Univ Murcia, Dept Geog, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Gomariz-Castillo, Francisco] Euro Mediterranean Water Inst IEA, Murcia 30100, Spain. RP Gomariz-Castillo, F (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Geog, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.; Gomariz-Castillo, F (reprint author), Euro Mediterranean Water Inst IEA, Murcia 30100, Spain. EM pardozaragoza@gmail.com; fjgomariz@um.es; pardozaragoza@gmail.com RI Morales, Alfredo Perez/Z-3426-2019; Gomariz-Castillo, Francisco/E-2846-2017 OI Morales, Alfredo Perez/0000-0001-7532-8711; Gomariz-Castillo, Francisco/0000-0003-4306-6643 FU Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espana [CGL 2016-75996-R] FX This research was funded in part by the Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espana, grant number CGL 2016-75996-R, project Variabilidad espacio-temporal de las inundaciones en la cuenca mediterranea espanola desde 1300 A.D.: procesos atmosfericos, hidrologicos e interacciones con la actividad humana. 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J., 2017, EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CL, VI NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1366-7017 J9 WATER POLICY JI Water Policy PD JUN PY 2019 VL 21 IS 3 BP 468 EP 480 DI 10.2166/wp.2019.004 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA IG2ES UT WOS:000473609700002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU San Martin, R Painho, M AF San Martin, Roberto Painho, Marco TI Geospatial preparedness: Empirical study of the joint effort to provide geospatial support to disaster response SO TRANSACTIONS IN GIS LA English DT Article ID VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; OPENSTREETMAP; TECHNOLOGY AB In a disaster aftermath in places lacking geospatial preparedness, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs creates a framework for cooperation with the Coordinated Data Scramble initiative, where Information Management Officers (IMOs) from different organizations work together in supporting the coordination of humanitarian aid. The perspective of these IMOs has been considered to identify the factors influencing the use of GIS in this context. The results show the requirement for a geodata management strategy, including geodata gathering, maintenance, and decision-making processes based on those geodata. Geodata should be reliable and up-to-date. It requires consistent and useful metadata and the possibility of contacting the geodata source. Security and political issues limit information sharing. In this context, OpenStreetMap is often used as a source of information. Therefore, improving OpenStreetMap improves geospatial preparedness. Nevertheless, the use of this open platform highlights issues related to information privacy. C1 [San Martin, Roberto; Painho, Marco] NOVA Informat Management Sch, Campus Campolide, P-1070312 Lisbon, Portugal. RP San Martin, R (reprint author), NOVA Informat Management Sch, Campus Campolide, P-1070312 Lisbon, Portugal. 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GIS PD JUN PY 2019 VL 23 IS 3 BP 481 EP 494 DI 10.1111/tgis.12537 PG 14 WC Geography SC Geography GA IF3KL UT WOS:000472979300006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yoo, B Choi, SD AF Yoo, Byungtae Choi, Sang D. TI Emergency Evacuation Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Leakage Accidents Using GIS-based Risk Analysis Techniques in South Korea SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE chemical accident; emergency response; evacuation plan; geographic information system; real-time risk assessment; decision making; consequence analysis ID MITIGATION BARRIERS; SYSTEM; MODEL; SIMULATION; SPILL; GUMI AB Despite improvements in chemical safety management systems, incidents involving the release of hazardous chemicals continue to happen. In some cases, they result in the evacuation of residents. For hazardous chemical release accidents, an evacuation plan needs to be selective enough to consider both the indoor and outdoor concentrations of nearby buildings and the time in which the maximum allowable concentration may occur. In this study, a real-time risk analysis tool was developed based on the geographic information system (GIS) in order to establish the emergency response and risk communication plan for effectively assisting decision-making personnel. A selective evacuation plan was also established by a proposed assessment module considering the indoor/outdoor pollution concentration of buildings and the release duration time of chlorine gas leakage. The GIS-based simulated modules were performed based on eleven buildings of Ulsan city, located near an industrial cluster and home to a high population density. As a result of the simulated real-time risk assessment, only four buildings were affected by chlorine gas concentration according to wind direction and diffusion time. In addition, it was considered effective to establish an indoor/outdoor evacuation plan as opposed to an outdoor evacuation plan which is outside the range of the damage. Subsequently, an emergency evacuation plan was established with the concentration of a hazardous chemical according to the decision-making matrix. This study can enlighten the real-time emergency risk assessment based on GIS while effectively supporting the emergency action plans in response to the release of hazardous chemicals in clustered plants and the community. C1 [Yoo, Byungtae] Natl Inst Chem Safety, Accid Prevent & Assessment Div, 90 Gajeongbuk Ro, Daejeon 305343, South Korea. [Choi, Sang D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Occupat & Environm Safety & Hlth, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA. RP Choi, SD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Occupat & Environm Safety & Hlth, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA. 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TI Global Earthquake Response with Imaging Geodesy: Recent Examples from the USGS NEIC SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE InSAR; pixel tracking; earthquakes; earthquake response ID W 7.8 GORKHA; BALOCHISTAN EARTHQUAKE; DISPLACEMENT FIELD; NAPA EARTHQUAKE; IRAN EARTHQUAKE; COSEISMIC SLIP; HECTOR MINE; CALIFORNIA; DEFORMATION; AFTERSLIP AB The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center leads real-time efforts to provide rapid and accurate assessments of the impacts of global earthquakes, including estimates of ground shaking, ground failure, and the resulting human impacts. These efforts primarily rely on analysis of the seismic wavefield to characterize the source of the earthquake, which in turn informs a suite of disaster response products such as ShakeMap and PAGER. In recent years, the proliferation of rapidly acquired and openly available in-situ and remotely sensed geodetic observations has opened new avenues for responding to earthquakes around the world in the days following significant events. Geodetic observations, particularly from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and satellite optical imagery, provide a means to robustly constrain the dimensions and spatial complexity of earthquakes beyond what is typically possible with seismic observations alone. Here, we document recent cases where geodetic observations contributed important information to earthquake response effortsfrom informing and validating seismically-derived source models to independently constraining earthquake impact productsand the conditions under which geodetic observations improve earthquake response products. We use examples from the 2013 Mw7.7 Baluchistan, Pakistan, 2014 Mw6.0 Napa, California, 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, and 2018 Mw7.5 Palu, Indonesia earthquakes to highlight the varying ways geodetic observations have contributed to earthquake response efforts at the NEIC. We additionally provide a synopsis of the workflows implemented for geodetic earthquake response. As remote sensing geodetic observations become increasingly available and the frequency of satellite acquisitions continues to increase, operational earthquake geodetic imaging stands to make critical contributions to natural disaster response efforts around the world. C1 [Barnhart, William D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa, IA 52240 USA. [Hayes, Gavin P.; Wald, David J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa, IA 52240 USA. 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This article illustrates the messaging strategies used by state-level emergency management agencies in the United States and addresses a range of social units (e.g., households, organizations, and communities). While agencies frequently disseminate guidance on how to prepare for emergencies, strategies generally align with traditional government-to-citizen, one-to-many communication modes characterized by little to no interaction with the public. This practice denies citizens deliberative conversation with government agencies and short circuits information from citizens and other organizations that might inform an agency's decision-making. Some interactive tactics observed, however, provide a roadmap to facilitate future dialogue and collaboration. C1 [Wukich, Clayton] Cleveland State Univ, Publ Adm, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Wukich, Clayton] Cleveland State Univ, Maxine Goodman Levin Coll Urban Affairs, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. 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The time scale of neotectonics research is closely related to the geodynamics of a specific region; it typically concerns geological processes at time scales from Ma to ka, and emphasizes on the relationship between the past and present tectonic deformation. On the other hand, research in active tectonics pays greater attention to geological-geomorphological processes since 100(similar to)150ka, and focuses on present and future tectonic deformation. Research on neotectonics and active tectonics for seismic hazard assessment is a significant aspect of earthquake geology work. This, along with other related researches, is the primary basis of earthquake forecasting and prediction, urban and rural earthquake prevention, disaster mitigation, and project planning and design for effective circumvention and mitigation of geological hazards caused by active faults. Recent advances in these fields have indicated that the fast development and application of Quaternary chronology, open access space observation, and geographic information system (GIS), have substantially increased the level and precision of quantitative research on neotectonic evolution, tectonic morphology, fault activity and palaeo-seismology. This has led to the promotion and growth of digitalization and sharing of active fault data, and has also improved the reliability and accuracy of seismic hazard assessment. However, in countries and areas with high density of active faults and complex tectonic systems, such as China, research on neotectonics and active tectonics for seismic hazard assessment needs to be even further strengthened. There is a need for fast and effective regional surveying of active faults by the use of remote sensing and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) imaging, so as to study active structural systems. 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D辑, 地球科学, Science in China], V32, P1020 NR 113 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0264-3707 J9 J GEODYN JI J. Geodyn. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 127 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jog.2019.01.007 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA IE1CU UT WOS:000472124300001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU McCourt, AD Sunshine, G Rutkow, L AF McCourt, Alexander D. Sunshine, Gregory Rutkow, Lainie TI Judicial Opinions Arising from Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Activities SO HEALTH SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Emergency preparedness; Emergency response; Litigation; Public health preparedness; response AB Legal Perspectives is aimed at informing healthcare providers, emergency planners, public health practitioners, and other decision makers about important legal issues related to public health and healthcare preparedness and response. The articles describe these potentially challenging topics and conclude with the authors' suggestions for further action. The articles do not provide legal advice. Therefore, those affected by the issues discussed in this column should seek further guidance from legal counsel. Readers may submit topics of interest to the column's editor, Lainie Rutkow, JD, PhD, MPH, at lrutkow@jhu.edu. This article describes and analyzes the body of emergency preparedness, response, and recovery litigation that has arisen since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Search terms were developed to identify judicial opinions related to emergency preparedness, response, and recovery activities. Using the Thomson Reuters Westlaw legal database, searches were conducted to collect judicial opinions related to disasters that occurred in the United States between September 11, 2001, and December 31, 2015. An electronic form was used for data abstraction. Cases that did not directly involve emergency response, preparedness, or recovery activities were excluded. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics. We identified 215 cases for data abstraction. Many of the cases stemmed from preparedness, response, and recovery activities related to hurricanes (57.7%) and terrorist attacks (16.7%). The most prevalent emergency response activities at issue were disaster mitigation (29.3%), disaster clean-up (21.9%), a defendant's duty to plan (14.4%), evacuation (12.6%), and conditions of incarceration (12.1%). Although it can be anticipated that litigation will arise out of all phases of disaster preparedness, response, and recovery, policymakers can anticipate that the most litigation will result from pre-event mitigation and post-event recovery activities, and allocate resources accordingly. C1 [McCourt, Alexander D.; Rutkow, Lainie] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Sunshine, Gregory] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Law Program, Ctr State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rutkow, L (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lrutkow@jhu.edu OI Sunshine, Gregory/0000-0002-2154-0159 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] CR [Anonymous], 2018, PRELIMINARY DRA 0709 Department of Homeland Security, 2015, CREAT DEP HOM SEC DisasterAssistance. gov, DIS TYP Federal Emergency Management Agency, OPENFEMA DAT PUBL AS Katz R, 2008, J LAW MED ETHICS, V36, P716, DOI 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2008.00327.x National Hurricane Center, 2018, COSTL US TROP CYCL T Rose DA, 2017, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V107, pS126, DOI [10.2105/AJPH.2017.303947, 10.2105/ajph.2017.303947] Wagenaar AC, 2013, PUBLIC HLTH LAW RES NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2326-5094 EI 2326-5108 J9 HEALTH SECUR JI Health Secur. PD JUN 1 PY 2019 VL 17 IS 3 BP 240 EP 247 DI 10.1089/hs.2018.0118 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ID6NN UT WOS:000471795600008 PM 31206320 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Pence, J Miller, I Sakurahara, T Whitacre, J Reihani, S Kee, E Mohaghegh, Z AF Pence, Justin Miller, Ian Sakurahara, Tatsuya Whitacre, James Reihani, Seyed Kee, Ernie Mohaghegh, Zahra TI GIS-Based Integration of Social Vulnerability and Level 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment to Advance Emergency Preparedness, Planning, and Response for Severe Nuclear Power Plant Accidents SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Geographic information systems; Level 3 probabilistic risk assessment; social vulnerability ID ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE; COMPLEX AB In the nuclear power industry, Level 3 probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) is used to estimate damage to public health and the environment if a severe accident leads to large radiological release. Current Level 3 PRA does not have an explicit inclusion of social factors and, therefore, it is not possible to perform importance ranking of social factors for risk-informing emergency preparedness, planning, and response (EPPR). This article offers a methodology for adapting the concept of social vulnerability, commonly used in natural hazard research, in the context of a severe nuclear power plant accident. The methodology has four steps: (1) calculating a hazard-independent social vulnerability index for the local population; (2) developing a location-specific representation of the maximum radiological hazard estimated from current Level 3 PRA, in a geographic information system (GIS) environment; (3) developing a GIS-based socio-technical risk map by combining the social vulnerability index and the location-specific radiological hazard; and (4) conducting a risk importance measure analysis to rank the criticality of social factors based on their contribution to the socio-technical risk. The methodology is applied using results from the 2012 Surry Power Station state-of-the-art reactor consequence analysis. A radiological hazard model is generated from MELCOR accident consequence code system, translated into a GIS environment, and combined with the Center for Disease Control social vulnerability index (SVI). This research creates an opportunity to explicitly consider and rank the criticality of location-specific SVI themes based on their influence on risk, providing input for EPPR. C1 [Pence, Justin; Miller, Ian; Sakurahara, Tatsuya; Whitacre, James; Reihani, Seyed; Kee, Ernie; Mohaghegh, Zahra] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Pence, Justin; Sakurahara, Tatsuya; Reihani, Seyed; Kee, Ernie; Mohaghegh, Zahra] UIUC, Sociotech Risk Anal SoTeRiA Ind Affiliates Progra, Urbana, IL USA. [Miller, Ian; Sakurahara, Tatsuya; Reihani, Seyed; Kee, Ernie; Mohaghegh, Zahra] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL USA. [Pence, Justin; Mohaghegh, Zahra] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL USA. [Pence, Justin; Mohaghegh, Zahra] Univ Illinois, Illinois Informat Inst, Urbana, IL USA. RP Pence, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, SoTeRiA Lab, 104 S Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1262 EP 1280 DI 10.1111/risa.13241 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA ID5GT UT WOS:000471705400009 PM 30468695 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Turbelin, G Singh, S Issartel, JP Busch, X Kumar, P AF Turbelin, Gregory Singh, Sarvesh Issartel, Jean Pierre Busch, Xavier Kumar, Pramod TI Computation of Optimal Weights for Solving the Atmospheric Source Term Estimation Problem SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atmosphere; Dispersion; Algorithms; Inverse methods; Data assimilation; Emergency response ID INVERSION TECHNIQUE; TRACER SOURCE; RECONSTRUCTION; DISPERSION; MODEL AB In case of a release of a hazardous material (e.g., a chemical or a biological agent) in the atmosphere, estimation of the source from concentration observations (provided by a network of sensors) is a challenging inverse problem known as the atmospheric source term estimation (STE) problem. This study emphasizes a method, known in the literature as the renormalization inversion technique, for addressing this problem. This method provides a solution that has been interpreted as a weighted minimal norm solution and can be computed in terms of a generalized inverse of the sensitivity matrix of the sensors. This inverse is constructed by using an appropriate diagonal weight matrix whose components fulfill the so-called renormalizing conditions. The main contribution of this paper is that it proposes a new compact algorithm (it requires less than 15 lines of MATLAB code) to obtain, in a fast and efficient way, those optimal weights. To show that the algorithm, based on the properties of the resolution matrix, matches the requirements of emergency situations, analysis of the computational complexity and memory requirements is included. Some numerical experiments are also reported to show the efficiency of the algorithm. C1 [Turbelin, Gregory; Singh, Sarvesh; Issartel, Jean Pierre; Kumar, Pramod] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Evry, LMEE, Paris, France. [Busch, Xavier] Maitrise NRBC, DGA, Vert Le Petit, France. RP Turbelin, G (reprint author), Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Evry, LMEE, Paris, France. EM gregory.turbelin@univ-evry.fr RI ; Kumar, Pramod/C-8137-2012 OI Turbelin, Gregory/0000-0001-9929-3090; Kumar, Pramod/0000-0003-4528-1515 CR Ben-Israel A., 2003, GEN INVERSES THEORY Grave de Peralta Rolando, 2009, Comput Intell Neurosci, P659247, DOI 10.1155/2009/659247 Issartel JP, 2007, P R SOC A, V463, P2863, DOI 10.1098/rspa.2007.1877 Issartel JP, 2012, PURE APPL GEOPHYS, V169, P467, DOI 10.1007/s00024-011-0381-4 Issartel JP, 2005, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V5, P249, DOI 10.5194/acp-5-249-2005 Issartel JP, 2003, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V3, P475, DOI 10.5194/acp-3-475-2003 Kumar P, 2017, ATMOS RES, V197, P84, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.06.025 Kumar P, 2015, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V120, P12589, DOI 10.1002/2015JD024110 Menke W, 2012, GEOPHYSICAL DATA ANALYSIS: DISCRETE INVERSE THEORY, 3RD EDITION, P1 Rudd AC, 2012, BOUND-LAY METEOROL, V144, P1, DOI 10.1007/s10546-012-9712-y Sharan M, 1996, ATMOS ENVIRON, V30, P1209, DOI 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00442-4 Singh SK, 2017, EARTH SPACE SCI, V4, P184, DOI 10.1002/2016EA000247 Singh SK, 2017, ATMOS ENVIRON, V152, P34, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.12.016 Singh SK, 2015, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V120, P6192, DOI 10.1002/2015JD023099 Singh SK, 2014, ATMOS ENVIRON, V92, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.012 Storwald D. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1053 EP 1061 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-18-0145.1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA IC3VG UT WOS:000470889600001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ueda, H Yamada, T Miwa, T Nagai, M Matsuzawa, T AF Ueda, Hideki Yamada, Taishi Miwa, Takahiro Nagai, Masashi Matsuzawa, Takanori TI Development of a Data Sharing System for Japan Volcanological Data Network SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE database; volcano observation; seismometer; GNSS; visualization tools ID NET AB In Japan, a number of universities, research institutes, and administrative organizations continue to conduct observations on volcanoes according to their respective roles. They also promote the distribution and sharing of observation data and have collaborated with each other. Japan Volcanological Data Network (JVDN) is a framework that strengthens this cooperation, promotes volcano research, and contributes to volcanic disaster mitigation. In this paper, we report the overview, progress, tasks, and future prospects of the system being developed for JVDN that was initiated in 2016. The observational data collected from each organization is stored in a database and shared using visualization tools to promote collaborative research, (e.g., multi-disciplinary research for eruption prediction) and cooperation between organizations. Furthermore, this database will contribute to volcanic disaster mitigation measures through collaboration between the volcano research community and administrative organizations responsible for volcanic crisis management. Adaptation to the standards of the international WOVOdat database will also promote cooperation with research institutes worldwide. C1 [Ueda, Hideki; Yamada, Taishi; Miwa, Takahiro; Nagai, Masashi; Matsuzawa, Takanori] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience NIE, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. RP Ueda, H (reprint author), Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience NIE, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. EM ueda@bosai.go.jp RI Matsuzawa, Takanori/C-1907-2018 OI Matsuzawa, Takanori/0000-0003-0440-251X CR Aramaki S., 1975, B VOLCANOL SOC JPN, V20, P205 FUKUYAMA E, 1996, REP NATL RES I EARTH, V57, P23 Kanazawa T, 2016, S NET PROJECT CABLED Matsumoto T., 2009, ZISIN S, V61, P9 Mochizuki M., 2016, AM GEOPH UN FALL M Newhall CG, 2017, J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES, V345, P184, DOI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.08.003 Newhall C. 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Pappenberger, Florian TI Mapping combined wildfire and heat stress hazards to improve evidence-based decision making SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Wildfire; Multi hazard; Geospatial analysis; Decision making; Fire weather index (FWI); Universal thermal climate index (UTCI) ID IMPACT; WAVE AB Heat stress and forest fires are often considered highly correlated hazards as extreme temperatures play a key role in both occurrences. This commonality can influence how civil protection and local responders deploy resources on the ground and could lead to an underestimation of potential impacts, as people could be less resilient when exposed to multiple hazards. In this work, we provide a simple methodology to identify areas prone to concurrent hazards, exemplified with, but not limited to, heat stress and fire danger. We use the combined heat and forest fire event that affected Europe in June 2017 to demonstrate that the methodology can be used for analysing past events as well as making predictions, by using reanalysis and medium-range weather forecasts, respectively. We present new spatial layers that map the combined danger and make suggestions on how these could be used in the context of a Multi-Hazard Early Warning System. These products could be particularly valuable in disaster risk reduction and emergency response management, particularly for civil protection, humanitarian agencies and other first responders whose role is to identify priorities during pre-interventions and emergencies. C1 [Vitolo, Claudia; Di Napoli, Claudia; Di Giuseppe, Francesca; Pappenberger, Florian] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Di Napoli, Claudia; Cloke, Hannah L.] Univ Reading, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Reading, Berks, England. [Cloke, Hannah L.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Cloke, Hannah L.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. [Cloke, Hannah L.] CNDS, Ctr Nat Hazards & Disaster Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Vitolo, C (reprint author), European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. EM claudia.vitolo@ecmwf.int RI ; Pappenberger, Florian/A-2839-2009 OI Di Napoli, Claudia/0000-0002-4901-3641; Di Giuseppe, Francesca/0000-0001-9829-0429; Vitolo, Claudia/0000-0002-4252-1176; Pappenberger, Florian/0000-0003-1766-2898 FU ANYWHERE project - EU's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [700099] FX We thank Lourdes Bugalho, Celia Gouveia and Rita Durao from the Instituto Portugues do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), as well as Paolo Fiorucci from CIMA Research Foundation for providing feedbacks on the use of the proposed data layers. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 127 BP 21 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.008 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HX4PZ UT WOS:000467383500004 PM 30897514 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU HoseinDoost, S Adamzadeh, T Zamani, B Fatemi, A AF HoseinDoost, Samaneh Adamzadeh, Tahereh Zamani, Bahman Fatemi, Afsaneh TI A model-driven framework for developing multi-agent systems in emergency response environments SO SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS MODELING LA English DT Article DE Domain-specific modeling language; Emergency response environment; Multi-agent system; Model-driven development; ERE-ML; Model to code transformation ID AGENTS; UML AB In emergency response environments, variant entities with specific behaviors and interaction between them form a complex system that can be well modeled by multi-agent systems. To build such complex systems, instead of writing the code from scratch, one can follow the model-driven development approach, which aims to generate software from design models automatically. To achieve this goal, two important prerequisites are: a domain-specific modeling language for designing an emergency response environment model, and transformation programs for automatic code generation from a model. In addition, for modeling with the language, a modeling tool is required, and for executing the generated code there is a need to a platform. In this paper, a model-driven framework for developing multi-agent systems in emergency response environments is provided which includes several items. A domain-specific modeling language as well as a modeling tool is developed for this domain. The language and the tool are called ERE-ML and ERE-ML Tool, respectively. Using the ERE-ML Tool, a designer can model an emergency response situation and then validate the model against the predefined constraints. Furthermore, several model to code transformations are defined for automatic multi-agent system code generation from an emergency response environment model. For executing the generated code, an extension of JAMDER platform is also provided. To evaluate our framework, several case studies including the Victorian bushfire disaster are modeled to show the ability of the framework in modeling real-world situations and automatic transformation of the model into the code. C1 [HoseinDoost, Samaneh; Adamzadeh, Tahereh; Zamani, Bahman; Fatemi, Afsaneh] Univ Isfahan, Dept Software Engn, MDSE Res Grp, Esfahan, Iran. RP Zamani, B (reprint author), Univ Isfahan, Dept Software Engn, MDSE Res Grp, Esfahan, Iran. 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Syst. Model. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 18 IS 3 BP 1985 EP 2012 DI 10.1007/s10270-017-0627-4 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HZ6XP UT WOS:000468996100022 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Abe, F Nakamura, K Keitaro, N AF Abe, Fumiaki Nakamura, Keita Keitaro, Naruse TI Stable pulling out motion for a dual-arm robot SO ARTIFICIAL LIFE AND ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE Dual arm; Manipulation; Optimal control AB Many disaster response robots have been studied and developed to reduce the risk of secondary disaster. These robots are expected to improve efficiency and safety. In this paper, we consider a task that a dual-arm disaster response robot pulls a bar whose length and mass are unknown out of a wall as debris removal. Safe working is important in the disaster site to remove debris. Therefore, our objective is to develop a stable pulling out motion. To achieve pulling a target bar out stably, we need to know the physical parameter of the bar. Therefore, the robot uses force/torque sensors attached to the wrists of the robot to estimate the mass and center of gravity position of the bar. Then, the robot controls the bar attitude with the estimated parameters after the bar is pulled out of the wall. Experimental results for verification show the effectiveness of the proposed motion. C1 [Abe, Fumiaki; Keitaro, Naruse] Univ Aizu, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan. [Nakamura, Keita] Univ Aizu, LICTiA, Revitaliazat Ctr, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan. RP Abe, F (reprint author), Univ Aizu, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 24 IS 2 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1007/s10015-018-0488-0 PG 9 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA HZ5FS UT WOS:000468877700011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, XL Liu, CG Wang, MM AF Chen, Xiaoli Liu, Chunguo Wang, Mingming TI A method for quick assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazards: a case study of the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Earthquake-triggered landslides; Critical acceleration; SEISMIC landslide susceptible; Landslide hazard zonation; The Mw 6; 1 2014 Ludian earthquake ID DISTRIBUTION PATTERN; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; NIIGATA PREFECTURE; DENALI FAULT; WENCHUAN; SLOPES; DEGRADATION; NORTHRIDGE; GEOMETRY; MODELS AB Rapid assessment of the distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides is an important component of effective disaster mitigation. The effort should be based on both seismic landslide susceptibility and the ground shaking intensity, which is usually measured by peak ground acceleration (PGA). In this paper, we address this issue by analyzing data from the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake. The Newmark method of rigid-block modeling was applied to calculate the critical acceleration of slopes in the study area, which serve as measurement of slope stability under seismic load. The assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazard was conducted by comparing these critical accelerations with the distribution of known PGA values. The study area was classified into zones of five levels of landslide hazard: high, moderate high, moderate, light, and very light. Comparison shows that the resulting landslide hazard zones agree with the actual distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides. Nearly 70% of landslides are located in areas of high and moderately high hazard, which occupy only 17% of the study region. This paper demonstrates that using PGA, combined with the analysis of seismic landslide susceptibility, allows a reliable assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides hazards. This easy-operation mapping method is expected to be helpful in emergency preparedness planning, as well as in seismic landslide hazard zoning. C1 [Chen, Xiaoli] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Key Lab Act Tecton & Volcano, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Liu, Chunguo] China Earthquake Networks Ctr, Beijing 100045, Peoples R China. [Wang, Mingming] Sichuan Earthquake Adm, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Chen, XL (reprint author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Key Lab Act Tecton & Volcano, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM chenxl@ies.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41572194]; Basic Scientific Fund of the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration [IGCEA1604] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41572194) and the Basic Scientific Fund of the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (Grant No. IGCEA1604). Deep thanks should presented to the editor and reviewers, their constructive suggestions improve the work! CR AMBRASEY.NN, 1967, GEOTECHNIQUE, V17, P181, DOI 10.1680/geot.1967.17.3.181 Bandini V, 2015, SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG, V71, P128, DOI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.01.010 Biondi G, 2004, MANAG INFORMAT SYST, V9, P115 Bishop A. 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Eng. Geol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 78 IS 4 BP 2449 EP 2458 DI 10.1007/s10064-018-1313-7 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HY4CL UT WOS:000468075000019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Das, S Ghosh, S Kayal, JR AF Das, Shuvankar Ghosh, Sima Kayal, J. R. TI Liquefaction potential of Agartala City in Northeast India using a GIS platform SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agartala; Liquefaction; Liquefaction potential index (LPI); Earthquake; SPT; GIS ID SOIL; INDEX; AREA AB Agartala is one of the fastest developing cities in Northeast Region (NER) of India and is also the capital city of Tripura state. The whole NER is in zone V in the seismic zoning map of India, one of the most seismic-prone regions in the world. The region is buttressed between the Himalayan collision zone to the north and Indo-Burma subduction zone to the east, and has experienced two (1897 and 1950) great earthquakes (Mw>8.0) and several large earthquakes (Mw7.0) since 1897. The Agartala area lies in an intraplate zone and most recently experienced a well-felt shallow (depth 30km) earthquake of Mw 5.7 on January 3, 2017 that occurred at a distance similar to 75km northeast of the city. Some evidence of liquefaction was identified along the Manu River in Kanchanbari village. In that context, this study is attempted to evaluate the liquefaction potential of the Agartala area. Dynamic properties of soil are determined using data of some 97 standard penetration test (SPT) boreholes. The cyclic shear stress of the soil layers is estimated considering a peak surface ground acceleration of 0.36g. It is observed that according to the liquefaction potential index (LPI) scale, the central part of the city shows high to moderate, the northern part moderate to non-liquefiable and the southern part low to non-liquefiable potential. The results are presented in maps on a geographical information system (GIS) platform using the QGIS software. The liquefaction potential maps are very useful for professional engineers, government agencies and disaster management authorities for future development and planning of the city against liquefaction failure. C1 [Das, Shuvankar; Ghosh, Sima; Kayal, J. R.] Natl Inst Technol, Civil Engn Dept, Agartala, Tripura, India. RP Das, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Technol, Civil Engn Dept, Agartala, Tripura, India. 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Eng. Geol. Environ. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 78 IS 4 BP 2919 EP 2931 DI 10.1007/s10064-018-1287-5 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HY4CL UT WOS:000468075000049 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wang, XC Yang, F Gao, X Wang, W Zha, XJ AF Wang Xuecheng Yang Fei Gao Xing Wang Wei Zha Xinjie TI Evaluation of Forest Damaged Area and Severity Caused by Ice-snow Frozen Disasters over Southern China with Remote Sensing SO CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ice-snow disaster; vegetation index; forest; remote sensing; southern China ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; STORM; MODIS; TOPOGRAPHY; LANDSCAPE; PHENOLOGY; LANDSAT; GROWTH; IMAGES; EXTENT AB The accurate assessment of forest damage is important basis for the forest post-disaster recovery process and ecosystem management. This study evaluates the spatial distribution of damaged forest and its damaged severity caused by ice-snow disaster that occurred in southern China during January 10 to February 2 in 2008. The moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) 13Q1 products are used, which include two vegetation indices data of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index). Furtherly, after Quality Screening (QS) and Savizky-Golay (S-G) filtering of MODIS 13Q1 data, four evaluation indices are obtained, which are NDVI with QS (QSNDVI), EVI with QS (QSEVI), NDVI with S-G filtering (SGNDVI) and EVI with S-G filtering (SGEVI). The study provides a new way of firstly determining the threshold for each image pixel for damaged forest evaluation, by computing the pre-disaster reference value and change threshold with vegetation index from remote sensing data. Results show obvious improvement with the new way for forest damage evaluation, evaluation result of forest damage is much close to the field survey data with standard error of only 0.95 and 1/3 less than the result that evaluated from other threshold method. Comparatively, the QSNDVI shows better performance than other three indices on evaluating forest damages. The evaluated result with QSNDVI shows that the severe, moderate, mild damaged rates of Southern China forests are 47.33%, 34.15%, 18.52%, respectively. By analyzing the influence of topographic and meteorological factors on forest-vegetation damage, we found that the precipitation on freezing days has greater impact on forest-vegetation damage, which is regarded as the most important factor. This study could be a scientific and reliable reference for evaluating the forest damages from ice-snow frozen disasters. C1 [Wang Xuecheng; Yang Fei; Gao Xing; Wang Wei; Zha Xinjie] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wang Xuecheng; Zha Xinjie] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Yang Fei] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Yang, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.; Yang, F (reprint author), Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM yangfei@igsnrr.ac.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0604804]; Advanced Scientific Research Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDY-SSW-DQC007-34]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41301607]; Innovation Project of LREIS (State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System) of Chinese Academy of Sciences [O88RAA02YA] FX Foundation item: Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0604804), Advanced Scientific Research Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDY-SSW-DQC007-34), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41301607), Innovation Project of LREIS (State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. O88RAA02YA) CR Ahammad R, 2019, ECOSYST SERV, V35, P87, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2018.11.009 [Anonymous], 2008, ASS REP LOSS FOR RES [Anonymous], 2008, ASS REP LOSS FOR RES [Anonymous], 2008, ASSESSMENT REPORT LO [Anonymous], 2008, ASS REP LOSS FOR RES Blume-Werry G, 2016, J ECOL, V104, P1638, DOI 10.1111/1365-2745.12636 Bragg DC, 2003, FOREST ECOL MANAG, V186, P99, DOI 10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00230-5 Brandt M, 2016, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V183, P215, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.05.027 Broxton PD, 2015, ECOHYDROLOGY, V8, P1073, DOI 10.1002/eco.1565 Brugger SO, 2018, GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE, V169, P188, DOI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.07.010 Busseau BC, 2017, PHYS GEOGR, V38, P159, DOI 10.1080/02723646.2017.1283477 Chen J, 2004, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V91, P332, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2004.03.014 Chen J, 2010, J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO, V115, DOI 10.1029/2009JG001246 DeGaetano AT, 2000, B AM METEOROL SOC, V81, P237, DOI 10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0237:CPAIOT>2.3.CO;2 Forestry of China Editorial Board, 2008, FOR CHIN, P1 Fujihara Y, 2017, J HYDROL, V546, P289, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.01.021 Gleason KE, 2016, HYDROL PROCESS, V30, P3855, DOI 10.1002/hyp.10897 He Qian, 2010, Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, V34, P195, DOI 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.02.011 HUETE AR, 1999, MODIS VEGETATION IND Isaacs RE, 2014, ECOSPHERE, V5, DOI 10.1890/ES14-00234.1 Kim J, 2006, AGR FOREST METEOROL, V136, P132, DOI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.11.015 Levkoev E, 2017, CAN J FOREST RES, V47, P389, DOI 10.1139/cjfr-2016-0285 Millward AA, 2004, LANDSCAPE ECOL, V19, P99, DOI 10.1023/B:LAND.0000018369.41798.2f Millward AA, 2010, ECOSYSTEMS, V13, P249, DOI 10.1007/s10021-010-9314-9 Mo Mo, 2008, FEATURE RES SUPERCRI, P1 Olthof I, 2004, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V89, P484, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2003.11.010 Orr HG, 2008, CLIM RES, V37, P77, DOI 10.3354/cr00754 Pisaric MFJ, 2008, J TORREY BOT SOC, V135, P530, DOI 10.3159/08-RA-053R.1 Saarinen T, 2016, OIKOS, V125, P364, DOI 10.1111/oik.02233 Shao QQ, 2011, J GEOGR SCI, V21, P219, DOI 10.1007/s11442-011-0840-y [侍昊 Shi Hao], 2012, [生态学报, Acta Ecologica Sinica], V32, P3359 Spruce JP, 2011, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V115, P427, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.09.013 Streher AS, 2017, ECOSYSTEMS, V20, P1436, DOI 10.1007/s10021-017-0123-2 Sun Y, 2012, ENVIRON RES LETT, V7, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/035702 Tsalyuk M, 2017, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V131, P77, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2017.07.012 Walker JJ, 2014, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V144, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.01.007 Wu JS, 2016, INT J REMOTE SENS, V37, P3125, DOI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1194544 Xiao FuMing, 2008, Scientia Silvae Sinicae, V44, P32 Xu FengLan, 2008, Scientia Silvae Sinicae, V44, P193 NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1002-0063 EI 1993-064X J9 CHINESE GEOGR SCI JI Chin. Geogr. Sci. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 29 IS 3 BP 405 EP 416 DI 10.1007/s11769-019-1041-3 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HZ6BP UT WOS:000468937300005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liptak, L Fojcikova, E Carny, P AF Liptak, Ludovit Fojcikova, Eva Carny, Peter TI Comparison of the ESTE CBRN Model with the Joint Urban 2003 Experiment SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Emergency response; Eulerian dispersion model; Joint Urban 2003 Experiment; Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations; Urban modelling ID DISPERSION AB To model urban airflow and dispersion near buildings and in street canyons, several Gaussian diffusion models, and diagnostic urban models and methods based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are developed to provide a fast and adequate response when hazardous material is released. The ESTE CBRN software tool computes the urban atmospheric variables using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the k-epsilon closure model. The dispersion is modelled by an Eulerian model linked to the calculated flow field. The ESTE CBRN results are compared with the Joint Urban 2003 Street Canyon Experiment for the instantaneous puff releases conducted within the Urban Dispersion International Evaluation Exercise project. Urban airflow is simulated with a steady-state approach where the time-averaged velocity is evaluated from local measurements conducted outside downtown Oklahoma City, USA. Twenty anemometer measurements inside the downtown area are used to verify the CFD calculation, after which 22 individual puff releases are considered. The modelled velocity and sampler responses are in moderate agreement with the measurements. Many compared variables, such as the mean wind speed and puff arrival time, are generally well reproduced, and fulfil the urban modelling criteria. The turbulent kinetic energy is, in general, underestimated by 30-40%. The modelled time series of sampler responses fulfil many, but not all, of the urban criteria, mainly due to differences in puff trajectories and a lower dispersion intensity. Additionally, the impact of applying various three-dimensional meshes on the predicted sampler responses is tested. C1 [Liptak, Ludovit; Fojcikova, Eva; Carny, Peter] ABmerit Sro, Hornopotocna 1, Trnava 91701, Slovakia. RP Liptak, L (reprint author), ABmerit Sro, Hornopotocna 1, Trnava 91701, Slovakia. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 171 IS 3 SI SI BP 439 EP 464 DI 10.1007/s10546-018-0393-z PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HX8VO UT WOS:000467685000007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Oldrini, O Armand, P AF Oldrini, Olivier Armand, Patrick TI Validation and Sensitivity Study of the PMSS Modelling System for Puff Releases in the Joint Urban 2003 Field Experiment SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Joint Urban 2003; PMSS modelling system; PMSS validation; Puff releases; UDINEE exercise ID DISPERSION MODEL; OKLAHOMA-CITY; CRITERIA; FLOW AB The Joint Urban 2003 (JU 2003) experimental campaign took place in downtown Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, comprising both continuous and puff releases of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas. In the framework of the UDINEE project, intensive operation period 8 (IOP 8) conducted during the night is simulated using the Parallel-Micro-SWIFT-SPRAY (PMSS) three-dimensional modelling system. The PMSS modelling system is the assembly of a diagnostic or momentum flow solver (PSWIFT) and a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (PSPRAY) accounting for buildings and developed in parallel versions. A sensitivity study is performed regarding the flow modelling options, namely the meteorological data input, the characteristics of the turbulence, and the use of the diagnostic or momentum solver. Results shed light onto issues related to modelling puff releases in a built-up environment. Flow and concentration results are compared to measurements at the sample locations in IOP8 and statistical metrics computed for all puffs released during IOP8. These indicators illustrate satisfactory performance and robustness of the PMSS system with reference to the modelling options. Moreover, with moderate computational times and reliable predictions, the PMSS modelling system proves to be relevant for emergency response in cases of atmospheric release of hazardous materials. C1 [Oldrini, Olivier] MOKILI, F-75014 Paris, France. [Armand, Patrick] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RP Oldrini, O (reprint author), MOKILI, F-75014 Paris, France. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 171 IS 3 SI SI BP 513 EP 535 DI 10.1007/s10546-018-00424-1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HX8VO UT WOS:000467685000010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ozbay, E Cavus, O Kara, BY AF Ozbay, Eren Cavus, Ozlem Kara, Bahar Y. TI Shelter site location under multi-hazard scenarios SO COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Shelter site location; Secondary disasters; Multi-stage stochastic programming; Conditional value-at-risk ID DISASTER RESPONSE FACILITIES; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; OR/MS RESEARCH; RISK; UNCERTAINTY; ALLOCATION; EARTHQUAKE; RESOURCE AB Natural disasters may happen successively in close proximity of each other. This study locates shelter sites and allocates the affected population to the established set of shelters in cases of secondary disaster(s) following the main earthquake, via a three-stage stochastic mixed-integer programming model. In each stage, before the uncertainty in that stage, that is the number of victims seeking a shelter, is resolved, shelters are established, and after the uncertainty is resolved, affected population is allocated to the established set of shelters. The assumption on nearest allocation of victims to the shelter sites implies that the allocation decisions are finalized immediately after the location decisions, hence both location and allocation decisions can be considered simultaneously. And, when victims are allocated to the nearest established shelter sites, the site capacities may be exceeded. To manage the risk inherit to the demand uncertainty and capacities, conditional value-at-risk is utilized in modeling the risk involved in allocating victims to the established shelter sites. Computational results on Istanbul dataset are presented to emphasize the necessity of considering secondary disaster(s), along with a heuristic solution methodology to improve the solution qualities and times. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ozbay, Eren] Univ Illinois, Coll Business Adm, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Ozbay, Eren; Cavus, Ozlem; Kara, Bahar Y.] Bilkent Univ, Dept Ind Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Cavus, O (reprint author), Bilkent Univ, Dept Ind Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. 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Oper. Res. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 106 BP 102 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.cor.2019.02.008 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HW3VM UT WOS:000466620800009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lim, S Nakazato, H AF Lim, Seunghoo Nakazato, Hiromi TI Co-evolving supportive networks and perceived community resilience across disaster-damaged areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Selection, influence, or both? SO JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE coevolutionary disaster recovery process; community currency; community rebuilding; community resilience; social capital ID ORGANIZATIONS; PERCEPTIONS; RECOVERY; CURRENCY; PEOPLE; MODELS AB After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in March 2011, the new community currency experiment for supporting disaster recovery, Fukkou Ouen Chiiki Tsuka, was introduced by community-based organizations in these earthquake-damaged areas. However, little is known about how perceived community resilience coevolves with interactions in the disaster recovery process. Using Simultaneous Investigation for Empirical Network Analysis techniques, this study shows the coevolutionary dynamics between perceptions of community resilience and the formation of supportive links among residents through a community currency (Domo) in Kamaishi. 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EM nakazato@meiji.ac.jp OI Lim, Soon Hoe/0000-0002-4649-673X; Lim, Seunghoo/0000-0002-7212-1261 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JP17K13856] FX This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (KAKENHI Grant Number: JP17K13856). CR Akbar MS, 2017, J CONTING CRISIS MAN, V25, P279, DOI 10.1111/1468-5973.12152 Aldrich D. P., 2012, BUILDING RESILIENCE, DOI [10.7208/chicago/9780226012896.001.0001, DOI 10.7208/CHICAGO/9780226012896.001.0001] Aldrich D. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 27 IS 2 BP 116 EP 129 DI 10.1111/1468-5973.12244 PG 14 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HY4NE UT WOS:000468104200002 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cordie, TP Bandyopadhyay, T Roberts, J Dunbabin, M Greenop, K Dungayell, R Steindl, R AF Cordie, Troy P. Bandyopadhyay, Tirthankar Roberts, Jonathan Dunbabin, Matthew Greenop, Kelly Dungayell, Ross Steindl, Ryan TI Modular field robot deployment for inspection of dilapidated buildings SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE emergency response; extreme environments; mapping; wheeled robots AB Robotic inspection often relies on building custom platforms for each new deployment; this is a luxury that urban search and rescue (USAR) robots do not have when time is of critical importance. A significant factor for robots deployed in disaster areas is the varying size of voids and access ways in their path. These situations require platforms that can quickly reconfigure on location. With these challenges in mind, we present the NeWheel system: An in-field reconfigurable robotic platform that allows mobility changes before, and during, deployment. The NeWheel platform also has the advantage of being small enough to be person-deployable and to travel as checked luggage on a commercial flight. This field report presents the results and learnings from three field trips on Peel Island located off the coast of Brisbane, Australia. These field trips featured the deployment of the NeWheel system in multiple configurations to inspect and map inside historic dilapidated buildings. It demonstrates the potential of the NeWheel in buildings cluttered with debris and with unstable flooring whether they are historically important or in USAR contexts. C1 [Cordie, Troy P.; Bandyopadhyay, Tirthankar; Dungayell, Ross; Steindl, Ryan] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Data61 CSIRO, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Cordie, Troy P.; Roberts, Jonathan; Dunbabin, Matthew] Queensland Univ Technol, Sci & Engn Fac, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Greenop, Kelly] Univ Queensland, Sch Architecture, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Cordie, TP (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Data61 CSIRO, 1 Technol Ct, Brisbane, Qld 4069, Australia. EM troy.cordie@data61.csiro.au RI ; Greenop, Kelly/I-4229-2013; Dunbabin, Matthew/B-7527-2011 OI Steindl, Ryan/0000-0001-7048-7270; Greenop, Kelly/0000-0003-2145-5277; Roberts, Jonathan/0000-0003-2318-3623; Dunbabin, Matthew/0000-0003-0806-7720; Dungavell, Ross/0000-0003-4574-8904; Cordie, Troy/0000-0002-4981-2590 FU Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Quandamooka Yoolooburrabee Aboriginal Corporation (QYAC) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge scholarship funding and institutional support by Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and Queensland University of Technology (QUT). This study was supported by Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service staff, who assisted with water and land transport, accommodation and permission to access the Peel Island site where fieldwork was conducted. Quandamooka Yoolooburrabee Aboriginal Corporation (QYAC) provided assistance with rangers to accompany the field trips and gave permission to access the Peel Island Teerk Roo Ra site, which is part of their traditional lands and waters, we thank them for their support and collaboration. We also thank Dr. Tom Verhelst, who volunteered on the field trip, and the invaluable assistance of University of Queensland students Carlota Marijuan-Rodriguez and Claire Bazeley for field trip organisation. CR Balta H, 2017, J FIELD ROBOT, V34, P539, DOI 10.1002/rob.21651 Bosse M., 2009, P IEEE INT C ROB AUT, P4312, DOI [DOI 10.1109/ROBOT.2009.5152851, 10.1109/ROBOT.2009.5152851] Cordie T., 2016, 2016 AUSTR C ROB AUT Hoeller F, 2014, IEEE INT CONF AUTON, P223, DOI 10.1109/ICARSC.2014.6849790 Klamt T, 2017, IEEE INT C INT ROBOT, P4444, DOI 10.1109/IROS.2017.8206310 Macalister F, 2015, J INST CONSERV, V38, P115, DOI 10.1080/19455224.2015.1068201 Machado J. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 36 IS 4 SI SI BP 641 EP 655 DI 10.1002/rob.21872 PG 15 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA HY9FH UT WOS:000468444100002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Arnold, S Ohno, K Hamada, R Yamazaki, K AF Arnold, Solvi Ohno, Kazunori Hamada, Ryunosuke Yamazaki, Kimitoshi TI An image recognition system aimed at search activities using cyber search and rescue dogs SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE emergency response; learning; perception AB Disaster response presents major challenges for robotics and computer vision alike. The Cyber-Enhanced Canine Suit is a suit equipped with a camera, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and various other sensors, to be worn by search and rescue (SAR) dogs for the purpose of enhancing SAR dog operations. This paper presents an image recognition system for use in disaster scenarios and its integration with the Cyber-Enhanced Canine Suit platform. The system's intended use is to spot personal items of missing individuals or other visual clues in video streams from various disaster response platforms. The system facilitates quick learning of targets from limited data and makes providing that data quick and easy. It also provides backtrack recognition functionality, to rapidly find novel targets in the seen footage. We evaluated the recognition system on footage gathered in the field, obtaining promising results. Integrated with the Cyber-Enhanced Canine Suit, the system can automatically plot detections of search targets onto a map display, to provide operators with a quick overview of what was seen where. C1 [Arnold, Solvi; Yamazaki, Kimitoshi] Shinshu Univ, Dept Mech Syst Engn, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano, Nagano 3808553, Japan. [Ohno, Kazunori; Hamada, Ryunosuke] Tohoku Univ, New Ind Creat Hatchery Ctr, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. RP Arnold, S (reprint author), Shinshu Univ, Dept Mech Syst Engn, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano, Nagano 3808553, Japan. EM s_arnold@shinshu-u.ac.jp OI Arnold, Solvi/0000-0003-4342-9344; Ohno, Kazunori/0000-0003-3958-2901 FU Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan) FX Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan) CR Ankerst M, 1999, SIGMOD RECORD, VOL 28, NO 2 - JUNE 1999, P49 Bozkurt A, 2014, IEEE INTELL SYST, V29, P32, DOI 10.1109/MIS.2014.77 Brunelli R, 2009, TEMPLATE MATCHING TE Cun Y.L., 1990, ADV NEURAL INFORM PR, V2, P396, DOI DOI 10.1111/DSU.12130 Ferworn A., 2009, CANINE ERGONOMICS SC Ferworn A., 2012, IEEE INT S SAF SEC R, P1, DOI DOI 10.1109/SSRR.2012.6523887 Ferworn A., 2006, P IEEE SMC INT C SYS, P334 Ferworn A, 2015, 2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SAFETY, SECURITY, AND RESCUE ROBOTICS (SSRR) French RM, 1999, TRENDS COGN SCI, V3, P128, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01294-2 Fukuda J, 2014, IEEE INT C INT ROBOT, P1882, DOI 10.1109/IROS.2014.6942810 FUKUSHIMA K, 1980, BIOL CYBERN, V36, P193, DOI 10.1007/BF00344251 Jonathan M., 2011, LECT NOTES COMPUTER, V6791, P52 Kagawa T., 2017, P WPMC2017, DOI [10.1109/WPMC.2017.8301849, DOI 10.1109/WPMC.2017.8301849] KALOUCHE S, 2015, PRESS Krizhevsky A, 2017, COMMUN ACM, V60, P84, DOI 10.1145/3065386 Murphy RR, 2009, IEEE ROBOT AUTOM MAG, V16, P91, DOI 10.1109/MRA.2009.932521 Nagatani K, 2013, J FIELD ROBOT, V30, P44, DOI 10.1002/rob.21439 Rumelhart D.E., 1986, PARALLEL DISTRIBUTED, V1, P318, DOI DOI 10.1016/B978-1-4832-1446-7.50035-2 Sakaguchi N, 2015, SPRINGER TRAC ADV RO, V105, P515, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-07488-7_35 Tran J., 2010, SAF SEC RESC ROB SSR, P1, DOI DOI 10.1109/SSRR.2010.5981564 Tran J, 2013, 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND ROBOT VISION (CRV), P23, DOI 10.1109/CRV.2013.15 Wilson A.C., 2017, ADV NEURAL INFORM PR, P4148 Woosub Lee, 2004, 2004 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37566), P33 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1556-4959 EI 1556-4967 J9 J FIELD ROBOT JI J. Field Robot. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 36 IS 4 SI SI BP 677 EP 695 DI 10.1002/rob.21848 PG 19 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA HY9FH UT WOS:000468444100004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Petricek, T Salansky, V Zimmermann, K Svoboda, T AF Petricek, Tomas Salansky, Vojtech Zimmermann, Karel Svoboda, Tomas TI Simultaneous exploration and segmentation for search and rescue SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE active perception; emergency response; learning; mapping; search and rescue AB We consider the problem of active victim segmentation during a search-and-rescue (SAR) exploration mission. The robot is equipped with a multimodal sensor suite consisting of a camera, lidar, and pan-tilt thermal sensor. The robot enters an unknown scene, builds a 3D model incrementally, and the proposed method simultaneously (a) segments the victims from incomplete multimodal measurements and (b) controls the motion of the thermal camera. Both of these tasks are difficult due to the lack of natural training data and the limited number of real-world trials. In particular, we overcome the absence of training data for the segmentation task by employing a manually designed generative model, which provides a semisynthetic training data set. The limited number of real-world trials is tackled by self-supervised initialization and optimization-based guiding of the motion control learning. In addition to that, we provide a quantitative evaluation of the proposed method on several real testing scenarios using the real SAR robot. Finally, we also provide a data set which will allow for further development of algorithms on the real data. C1 [Petricek, Tomas; Salansky, Vojtech; Zimmermann, Karel; Svoboda, Tomas] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, Dept Cybernet, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Petricek, T (reprint author), Czech Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, Dept Cybernet, Karlovo Namesti 13, Prague 12135, Czech Republic. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 36 IS 4 SI SI BP 696 EP 709 DI 10.1002/rob.21847 PG 14 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA HY9FH UT WOS:000468444100005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, M Liu, CJ Chen, WH AF Hutchinson, Michael Liu, Cunjia Chen, Wen-Hua TI Source term estimation of a hazardous airborne release using an unmanned aerial vehicle SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE aerial robotics; emergency response; environmental monitoring; military applications; sensors ID DISPERSION; SYSTEM; RECONSTRUCTION; LOCALIZATION; STRATEGY; MODEL AB Gaining information about an unknown gas source is a task of great importance with applications in several areas, including responding to gas leaks or suspicious smells, quantifying sources of emissions, or in an emergency response to an industrial accident or act of terrorism. In this paper, a method to estimate the source term of a gaseous release using measurements of concentration obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is described. The source term parameters estimated include the three-dimensional location of the release, its emission rate and other important variables needed to forecast the spread of the gas using an atmospheric transport and dispersion model. The parameters of the source are estimated by fusing concentration observations from a gas detector on-board the aircraft, with meteorological data and an appropriate model of dispersion. Two models are compared in this paper, both derived from analytical solutions to the advection-diffusion equation. Bayes' theorem, implemented using a sequential Monte Carlo algorithm, is used to estimate the source parameters to take into account the large uncertainties in the observations and formulated models. The system is verified with novel, outdoor, fully automated experiments, where observations from the UAV are used to estimate the parameters of a diffusive source. 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Field Robot. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 36 IS 4 SI SI BP 797 EP 817 DI 10.1002/rob.21844 PG 21 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA HY9FH UT WOS:000468444100010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Petrucci, O Papagiannaki, K Aceto, L Boissier, L Kotroni, V Grimalt, M Llasat, MC Llasat-Botija, M Rossello, J Pasqua, AA Vinet, F AF Petrucci, O. Papagiannaki, K. Aceto, L. Boissier, L. Kotroni, V. Grimalt, M. Llasat, M. C. Llasat-Botija, M. Rossello, J. Pasqua, A. C. Vinet, F. TI MEFF: The database of MEditerranean Flood Fatalities (1980 to 2015) SO JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE fatalities; flood; Mediterranean environment; risk perception; risk to life; vulnerability ID FLASH-FLOOD; DISASTERS; CALABRIA; EVENTS; BEHAVIOR; LIFE AB In the Mediterranean environment, floods pose a significant threat to people, in spite of the noteworthy improvements in forecasting, emergency management, and defensive works. This paper examines flood mortality in the Mediterranean environment based on a 36-year long database (1980-2015) that was built in five study areas using documentary sources. Information on fatal accidents was disaggregated in database fields describing victim's profile and the circumstances of the accidents. Data show an increasing trend of flood fatalities during the study period. Accidents mainly occurred outdoor: the majority of the 458 fatalities were males, mainly aged between 30 and 49 years, and residents in the area of the accident. In the majority of cases, people were dragged by water/mud when travelling by car. Some cases of hazardous behaviours, such as fording rivers or trying to save belongings, were also detected. The cause of death was drowning in the majority of cases, and heart attack in a few cases it was. The results of the research can be proficiently used in information campaigns aiming to increase people safety during future floods. C1 [Petrucci, O.; Aceto, L.; Pasqua, A. C.] CNR, IRPI, Res Inst Geohydrol Protect, Cosenza, Italy. [Papagiannaki, K.; Kotroni, V.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Environm Res & Sustainable Dev, Athens, Greece. [Boissier, L.; Vinet, F.] Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, IRD, Montpellier, France. [Grimalt, M.; Rossello, J.] Univ Illes Balears, Grp Climatol Hidrol Riscs & Terr, Palma De Mallorca, Spain. [Llasat, M. C.; Llasat-Botija, M.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Appl Phys, Barcelona, Spain. RP Petrucci, O (reprint author), CNR, IRPI, Res Inst Geohydrol Protect, Cosenza, Italy. EM o.petrucci@irpi.cnr.it RI Papagiannaki, Katerina/W-9478-2018; pasqua, angela aurora/K-5006-2012; Kotroni, Vassiliki/D-5336-2014; Rossello, Joan/N-2731-2019; Petrucci, Olga/B-1427-2010 OI Papagiannaki, Katerina/0000-0003-4433-5841; Rossello, Joan/0000-0002-5299-7039; Petrucci, Olga/0000-0001-6918-1135; Grimalt Gelabert, Miquel/0000-0002-5773-588X FU Development Proposals of Research Entities - KRIPIS II; N.P. "Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship 2014; Project HOPE of the Spanish Ministry of Economy [CGL2014-52571-R] FX Development Proposals of Research Entities - KRIPIS II, Grant/Award Number: N.P. 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Flood Risk Manag. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 12 IS 2 AR UNSP e12461 DI 10.1111/jfr3.12461 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA HX2ZH UT WOS:000467260300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ahammed, KKB Pandey, AC AF Ahammed, K. K. Basheer Pandey, Arvind Chandra TI Geoinformatics based assessment of coastal multi-hazard vulnerability along the East Coast of India SO SPATIAL INFORMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Coastal multi-hazard; Climate change; Sea level; Shoreline change; Storm surge; Geospatial analysis ID STORM-SURGE; CLIMATE; DISASTER; DISTRICT; BENGAL; BAY AB Climate change is one of the major threatens that coastal areas facing, and these coastal areas already stressed by large population. Past 4 decades tremendous tropical cyclones and associated flood are dismantled the coastline and resulted inundation and displacement of the coastal landforms. In the present study, coastal multi hazard vulnerability mapping has been carried out along the Krishna-Godavari deltaic plain, eastern coast of India. The study area consisting of four district include East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna and Gundur which are the area affected by coastal hazards and climate variability. The area witnessed a high erosion rate up to 18 m/year in comparison to other regions in the state. Further this area exhibit low elevated topography, therefore sea level rise would lead to permanent inundation. In the study also identified about that 1147 sq km area is falling under multi hazard zone and around 102 coastal villages are under threat. This study revealed that the use of multi layer information combined with geospatial tools is most reliable and coast effective approach for disaster preparedness and adaptation. The result obtained from the present study may serve the baseline information for disaster management planning in the area. C1 [Ahammed, K. K. Basheer; Pandey, Arvind Chandra] Cent Univ Jharkhand, Dept Land Resource Management, Ranchi 835205, Bihar, India. RP Pandey, AC (reprint author), Cent Univ Jharkhand, Dept Land Resource Management, Ranchi 835205, Bihar, India. EM basheer.kk@yahoo.com; arvindchandrap@yahoo.com RI KK, BASHEER/V-9935-2019; Pandey, Arvind Chandra/A-1736-2013 OI KK, BASHEER/0000-0001-9003-923X; Pandey, Arvind Chandra/0000-0003-2796-0477 CR Ahammed K. K. B., 2016, GEOINFORMATICS GEOST, V4, P1 Ahmad Q. K., 1996, IMPLICATIONS CLIMATE [Anonymous], 2015, DIGITAL SHORELINE AN [Anonymous], 1992, WORLD ENV 1972 1992, P884 [Anonymous], 1997, MULT ID RISK ASS Barnett J, 2003, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V61, P321, DOI 10.1023/B:CLIM.0000004559.08755.88 Basheer Ahammed KK, 2018, J COASTAL CONSERVATI Bhandari RK, 2014, DISASTER ED MANAGEME Breasted J. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 27 IS 3 BP 295 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s41324-018-00236-y PG 13 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HY4OA UT WOS:000468106400005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Onorati, T Diaz, P Carrion, B AF Onorati, Teresa Diaz, Paloma Carrion, Belen TI From social networks to emergency operation centers: A semantic visualization approach SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS) CY OCT 31-NOV 04, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP Honeywell Int Inc, Knowledge Based Syst Inc, Ball Aerosp & Technologies Corp, Intel Corp, Microsoft Res, Springer Verlag ID MEDIA; ANALYTICS AB Social networks are commonly used by citizens as a communication channel for sharing their messages about a crisis situation and by emergency operation centers as a source of information for improving their situation awareness. However, to utilize this source of information, emergency operators and decision makers have to deal with large and unstructured data, the content, reliability, quality, and relevance of which may vary greatly. In this paper, to address this challenge, we propose a visual analytics solution that filters and visualizes relevant information extracted from Twitter. The tool offers multiple visualizations to provide emergency operators with different points of view for exploring the data in order to gain a better understanding of the situation and take informed courses of action. We analyzed the scope of the problem through an exploratory study in which 20 practitioners answered questions about the integration of social networks in the emergency management process. This study inspired the design of a visualization tool, which was evaluated in a controlled experiment to assess its effectiveness for exploring spatial and temporal data. During the experiment, we asked 12 participants to perform 5 tasks related to data exploration and fill a questionnaire about their experience using the tool. One of the most interesting results obtained from the evaluation concerns the effectiveness of combining several visualization techniques to support different strategies for solving a problem and making decisions. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Onorati, Teresa; Diaz, Paloma; Carrion, Belen] Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Comp Sci, Ave Univ 30, Madrid 28911, Spain. RP Onorati, T (reprint author), Univ Carlos III Madrid, Dept Comp Sci, Ave Univ 30, Madrid 28911, Spain. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 95 BP 829 EP 840 DI 10.1016/j.future.2018.01.052 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HU8CJ UT WOS:000465509600067 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cui, YF Cheng, DQ Choi, CE Jin, W Lei, Y Kargel, JS AF Cui, Yifei Cheng, Deqiang Choi, Clarence E. Jin, Wen Lei, Yu Kargel, Jeffrey S. TI The cost of rapid and haphazard urbanization: lessons learned from the Freetown landslide disaster SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Rapid urbanization; Haphazard urban planning; Geo-hazards; Disaster; Land-use change ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; LAND-USE; FLOOD; VULNERABILITY; GROWTH AB Urbanization has been linked to destructive geo-hazards that can cause loss of life, destruction of property, and environmental damage. On August 14, 2017, a devastating geo-hazard chaina debris slide, debris flow, and sediment-laden floodin Freetown, Sierra Leone resulted in at least 500 deaths and over 600 missing persons and the destruction of hundreds of houses. This study uses 10years of high-resolution satellite images to conduct a remote sensing analysis of the disaster. Although rainfall was the trigger, rapid and haphazard urbanization acted to increase both hazard and vulnerability. Specifically, poor urban planning with inadequate consideration of risk led to housing construction in dangerous areas; clearance of hillside vegetation increased erosion potential; very low cost buildings using frail construction material and methods lacked resilience; and insufficient risk management led to weak emergency response. C1 [Cui, Yifei; Choi, Clarence E.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Deqiang; Jin, Wen; Lei, Yu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Earth Surface Proc, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Deqiang; Jin, Wen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Choi, Clarence E.] HKUST Jockey Club Inst Adv Study, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Choi, Clarence E.] HKUST Fok Ying Tung Grad Sch, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Kargel, Jeffrey S.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Choi, CE (reprint author), Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM yifeicui@ust.hk; chengdq90@imde.ac.cn; ceclarence@ust.hk; jinwen1313@163.com; leiyu@imde.ac.cn; jeffreyskargel@hotmail.com OI Cheng, Deqiang/0000-0003-1992-242X FU State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering [SKHL1609]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51709052]; Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences [131551KYSB20160002]; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS [QYZDY-SSW-DQC006]; Hong Kong Research Grants CouncilHong Kong Research Grants Council [T22-603/15-N]; Research Grants Council of Hong KongHong Kong Research Grants Council [16209717]; HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study; Hong Kong Jockey Club Disaster Preparedness and Response Institute [HKJCDPRI18EG01]; Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust FX The authors received financial support from the opening fund of the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering (SKHL1609). This research was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51709052), the projects of the International partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 131551KYSB20160002), and the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (No. QYZDY-SSW-DQC006). The authors also received financial support from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (Grant no. T22-603/15-N) and the general research fund (16209717) provided by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the support of the HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study and the financial support by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Disaster Preparedness and Response Institute (HKJCDPRI18EG01) and the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust. Prof. Jeffrey S. Kargel made contributions gratis on his own time. CR [Anonymous], 2017, HINDUSTAN TIMES [Anonymous], 2017, XINHUA NEWS [Anonymous], 1984, GEOT MAN SLOP, P295 Burby R. 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Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HX8IO UT WOS:000467649800008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Dai, KR Xu, Q Li, ZH Tomas, R Fan, XM Dong, XJ Li, WL Zhou, ZW Gou, JS Ran, PL AF Dai, Keren Xu, Qiang Li, Zhenhong Tomas, Roberto Fan, Xuanmei Dong, Xiujun Li, Weile Zhou, Zhiwei Gou, Jisong Ran, Peilian TI Post-disaster assessment of 2017 catastrophic Xinmo landslide (China) by spaceborne SAR interferometry SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Post-disaster assessment; Xinmo landslide; InSAR; TanDEM-X; Sentinel-1 ID LAND SUBSIDENCE; MAOXIAN COUNTY; SICHUAN; EARTHQUAKE; MANAGEMENT AB Timely and effective post-disaster assessment is of significance for the design of rescue plan, taking disaster mitigation measures and disaster analysis. Field investigation and remote sensing methods are the common ways to perform post-disaster assessment, which are usually limited by dense cloud coverage, potential risk, and tough transportation etc. in the mountainous area. In this paper, we employ the 2017 catastrophic Xinmo landslide (Sichuan, China) to demonstrate the feasibility of using spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to perform timely and effective post-disaster assessment. With C-band Sentinel-1 data, we propose to combine interferometric coherence to recognize the stable area, which helps us successfully identify landslide source area and boundaries in a space-based remote sensing way. Complementarily, X-band TanDEM-X SAR data allow us to generate a precise pre-failure high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which provides us the ability to accurately estimate the depletion volume and accumulation volume of Xinmo landslide. The results prove that spaceborne SAR can provide a quick, valuable, and unique assistance for post-disaster assessment of landslides from a space remote sensing way. At some conditions (bad weather, clouds, etc.), it can provide reliable alternative. C1 [Dai, Keren; Xu, Qiang; Fan, Xuanmei; Dong, Xiujun; Li, Weile] Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenviroment P, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Dai, Keren; Zhou, Zhiwei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan 430077, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Dai, Keren; Gou, Jisong; Ran, Peilian] Chengdu Univ Technol, Coll Earth Sci, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Li, Zhenhong] Newcastle Univ, Sch Engn, COMET, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Tomas, Roberto] Univ Alicante, Dept Ingn Civil, Escuela Politecn Super, POB 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. RP Xu, Q (reprint author), Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenviroment P, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM xq@cdut.edu.cn RI Tomas, R./E-3207-2013 OI Tomas, R./0000-0003-2947-9441; dai, keren/0000-0001-8989-3113 FU Sichuan Science and Technology Plan Key Research and Development Program [2018SZ0339]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41801391]; State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Open fund [SKLGED2018-5-3-E]; Funds for Creative Research Groups of ChinaScience Fund for Creative Research Groups [41521002]; Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO); State Agency of Research (AEI); European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER)European Union (EU) [TIN2014-55413-C2-2-P]; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport [PRX17/00439]; National Environment Research Council (NERC) through the Centre for the Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET) [come30001]; LiCS project [NE/K010794/1]; ESA-MOST DRAGON-4 project [32244]; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Clean-Utilization and Mine Environment Protection, Hunan University of Science and Technology [E21608] FX This work was funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Plan Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2018SZ0339), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41801391), State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Open fund (Grant No. SKLGED2018-5-3-E), The Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (Grant No. 41521002) and partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO), the State Agency of Research (AEI), and European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER), under project TIN2014-55413-C2-2-P and by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, under project PRX17/00439. This work was also supported by the National Environment Research Council (NERC) through the Centre for the Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET, ref.: come30001), the LiCS project (ref. NE/K010794/1), the ESA-MOST DRAGON-4 project (ref. 32244), and the Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Clean-Utilization and Mine Environment Protection, Hunan University of Science and Technology (Ref. E21608). 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TI How Spatial and Functional Dependencies between Operations and Infrastructure Leads to Resilient Recovery SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Multi-infrastructure; Resilience; Recovery; Geospatial; Dependency; Graph model for operational resilience; Resilience assessment platform ID NETWORKS; VULNERABILITY; SYSTEMS; RESTORATION; SIMULATION; FRAMEWORK; FAILURES; RISK AB A fast recovery of infrastructure functioning is important to the well-being of residents and the economy following interruption or disaster. Assessing the chances of recovery, or creating plans to enable it, is difficult due to the many interactions between components and operations. From a modeling perspective, addressing this challenging problem requires a capability for constructing representations of the dynamic interactions between elements that addresses how hazard and failure effects cascade and how recovery efforts propagate. Here, a geospatial resilience assessment platform is proposed containing a modeling approach comprising the capabilities necessary to address the challenge of urban infrastructure and operation recovery assessment and planning. It is designed to be reusable and integrate with reusable damage assessment tools such as Hazus. The approach combines a novel means to construct geospatial dependency models that can assess element-by-element recovery over time through integration with a computational recovery assessment engine called the graph model for operational resilience. A sample model and assessment that illustrates recovery time assessment of infrastructure services to the buildings of a neighborhood subject to varying infrastructure failures are provided. The case provides indications of the degree of burden on emergency management sustainment resources that may exist and how risk treatments can improve recovery times. In particular, the impact of the order of component recovery is examined in a multi-infrastructure setting. C1 [Bristow, David N.] Univ Victoria, Dept Civil Engn, Cities & Infrastruct Syst Lab, POB 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Bristow, David N.] Univ Victoria, Inst Integrated Energy Syst, POB 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. RP Bristow, DN (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Civil Engn, Cities & Infrastruct Syst Lab, POB 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.; Bristow, DN (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Inst Integrated Energy Syst, POB 1700 Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. 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PD JUN 1 PY 2019 VL 25 IS 2 AR 04019011 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000490 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA HT5BU UT WOS:000464578100016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nejat, A Moradi, S Ghosh, S AF Nejat, Ali Moradi, Saeed Ghosh, Souparno TI Anchors of Social Network Awareness Index: A Key to Modeling Postdisaster Housing Recovery SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Anchors of social network; Latent class analysis; Multilevel analysis; Postdisaster recovery; Policymaking; Decision support tool ID LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS; NEW-ORLEANS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; DISASTER RECOVERY; DECISION-MAKING; RESILIENCE; KATRINA; EVACUATION; POLICY; RECONSTRUCTION AB Reestablishment of housing is a crucial component of the recovery process and has a domino effect on the overall timing of recovery. Anchors of social networks, such as schools and churches, on the other hand, are perceived to be influential in housing recovery decisions. This study provides a model for indexing households' anchors of social network awareness based on publicly available data. This model uses individual-level data to develop a county-level index of anchors of social network awareness. This allows devising recovery strategies that are tailored to the needs of residents within a given county. Data were collected through an internet survey targeting New York and Louisiana, which were highly impacted by Hurricanes Sandy and Katrina. The survey asked participants to draw a polygon around their perceived neighborhood area in Google Maps. Then, follow-up questions were asked to identify key anchors driving this perception. Latent class analysis (LCA) and regression revealed the existence of multiple latent classes, each corresponding to a certain demographic and socioeconomic group. Finally, a county-level index of anchors of social network awareness was developed using individual-level latent classes. This index can be used by policyholders as a decision support tool for prioritizing anchors that are deemed to be important in a given county for receiving recovery assistance, which can then lead to a more enhanced recovery. C1 [Nejat, Ali; Moradi, Saeed] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, POB 41023, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Ghosh, Souparno] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Nejat, A (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, POB 41023, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. 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Infrastruct. Syst. PD JUN 1 PY 2019 VL 25 IS 2 AR 04019004 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000471 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA HT5BU UT WOS:000464578100012 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Costa, R Haukaas, T Chang, SE Dowlatabadi, H AF Costa, Rodrigo Haukaas, Terje Chang, Stephanie E. Dowlatabadi, Hadi TI Object-oriented model of the seismic vulnerability of the fuel distribution network in coastal British Columbia SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Object-oriented programming; Agent-based modeling; Multimodel analysis; Fuel network modeling; Probabilistic models; Seismic vulnerability; Disaster resilience ID CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE; BAYESIAN NETWORK; RELIABILITY AB An agent-based object-oriented model for the fuel distribution network in coastal British Columbia in Canada is presented. Objects representing infrastructure components with varied attributes and behaviors are described together with objects representing transportation modes on land and on water. A novel feature of the modeling approach is its capacity to represent the diverse nature of the objects in a network. Another novelty of the approach is its capacity to simulate discrete deliveries based on requests, which is a requirement in the modeling of the considered fuel distribution network. This paper presents the software architecture and applies it to assess the probability of fuel shortages following an earthquake for six storage facilities in coastal British Columbia. The results of this assessment can be used to inform emergency response plans. C1 [Costa, Rodrigo; Haukaas, Terje] Univ British Columbia, Dept Civil Engn, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Chang, Stephanie E.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, Vancouver, BC, Canada. 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Eng. Syst. Saf. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 186 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ress.2019.02.006 PG 13 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HU1WK UT WOS:000465062300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mahmood, S Rahman, AU AF Mahmood, Shakeel Rahman, Atta-Ur TI Flash flood susceptibility modelling using geomorphometric approach in the Ushairy Basin, eastern Hindu Kush SO JOURNAL OF EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Susceptibility; modelling; flash floods; damages; GIS; Hindu Kush ID WEIGHTS-OF-EVIDENCE; RISK-ASSESSMENT AB This study focuses on flash flood susceptibility modelling using geomorphometric ranking approach in the Ushairy Basin. In the study area, flash floods are highly unpredictable and the worst hydrometeorological disaster. An advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer global digital elevation model was used as input data in a geographic information system environment to delineate the target basin. A total of 17 sub-basins were delimited using a threshold of 4km2. The attribute information of each sub-basin was analysed to compute the geomorphometric parameters by applying Hortonian and Strahler geomorphological models. The results were analysed and categorised into five classes using statistical techniques, and the rank score was assigned to each class of all parameters depending on their relation with flash flood risk. In this study, 16 parameters were analysed to quantify the geomorphometric number of each sub-basin depicting the degree of flash flood susceptibility. The geomorphometric number of each sub-basin was linked to the geo-database for spatial visualisation. The analysis reveals that extremely high, very high, high and moderate sub-basins susceptible to flash floods were spread over an area of 55%, 8.5%, 23.7%, and 11.5%, respectively. It was found that out of total settlements, 53% are located in the extremely highly and very highly susceptible sub-basins. In the study area, the upper reaches are characterised by snow-covered peaks, steep slopes and high drainage densities (1.7 mml:mspace width="0.333333em mml:mspace km/km2). The analysis further indicated that the flash flood susceptibility increases with the increase in area, relief and relief ratio of the sub-basins. Model accuracy was assessed using primary data regarding past flood damages and human fatalities. Similarly, socio-demographic conditions of each sub-basin were also compared and linked to the extent of flash flood susceptibility. This study may assist the district government and district disaster management authority of Dir upper to initiate flood risk reduction strategies in highly susceptible zones of the Ushairy Basin. C1 [Mahmood, Shakeel] Univ Lahore, Govt Coll, Dept Geol, Lahore, Pakistan. [Rahman, Atta-Ur] Univ Peshawar, Dept Geog, Peshawar, Pakistan. RP Mahmood, S (reprint author), Univ Lahore, Govt Coll, Dept Geol, Lahore, Pakistan. EM shakeelmahmoodkhan@gmail.com RI Rahman, Atta-ur/D-7320-2014 OI Rahman, Atta-ur/0000-0002-5932-2288 CR Aksoy H, 2016, P INT ASS HYDROL SCI, V373, P137, DOI 10.5194/piahs-373-137-2016 Atta-ur-Rahman, 2013, NAT HAZARDS, V66, P887, DOI 10.1007/s11069-012-0528-3 Atta-ur-Rahman, 2011, NAT HAZARDS, V59, P1239, DOI 10.1007/s11069-011-9830-8 Borga M, 2007, J HYDROMETEOROL, V8, P1049, DOI 10.1175/JHM593.1 Cantet P, 2011, STOCH ENV RES RISK A, V25, P429, DOI 10.1007/s00477-010-0440-x Collier CG, 2007, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V133, P3, DOI 10.1002/qj.29 Creutin JD, 2003, HYDROL PROCESS, V17, P1453, DOI 10.1002/hyp.5122 Creutin JD, 2013, J HYDROL, V482, P14, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.11.009 Dawood M, 2017, ABASYN J SOC SCI, V10, P246 DeGaetano AT, 2009, J APPL METEOROL CLIM, V48, P2086, DOI 10.1175/2009JAMC2179.1 Dottori F, 2018, J FLOOD RISK MANAG, V11, pS632, DOI 10.1111/jfr3.12234 El Shamy I., 1992, ANN GEOL SURV EGYPT, V18, P323 ELMAGHRABY M, 2014, LIFE SCI J, V11, P271 Elmoustafa A.M., 2013, OPEN J MOD HYDROL, V3, P122, DOI [DOI 10.4236/ojmh.2013.33016, DOI 10.4236/OJMH.2013.33016] Farhan Y., 2016, Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, V6, P79, DOI 10.4236/ojmh.2016.62008 Gardiner V., 1990, GEOMORPHOLOGICAL TEC, P71 Gaume E, 2009, J HYDROL, V367, P70, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.12.028 Government of Pakistan (GoP), 2000, DISTR CENS REP UPP D Guosong Z., 2010, 2010 AS PAC POW EN E, P1 HORTON RE, 1945, GEOL SOC AM BULL, V56, P275, DOI 10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[275:EDOSAT]2.0.CO;2 Hu HB, 2016, NAT HAZARDS, V83, P485, DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2325-x IPCC, 2014, CLIM CHANG 2014 SYNT Jonkman SN, 2008, J FLOOD RISK MANAG, V1, P43, DOI 10.1111/j.1753-318X.2008.00006.x Khosravi K, 2016, NAT HAZARDS, V83, P947, DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2357-2 Kim J, 2011, NAT HAZARDS, V59, P1561, DOI 10.1007/s11069-011-9852-2 Korytny LM, 2006, HYDROLOG SCI J, V51, P450, DOI 10.1623/hysj.51.3.450 Krausmann E, 2008, NAT HAZARDS, V46, P179, DOI 10.1007/s11069-007-9203-5 Kundzewicz ZW, 2007, GEOGR POL, V80, P9 Llasat M. 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Earth Syst. Sci. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 128 IS 4 AR 97 DI 10.1007/s12040-019-1111-z PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Geology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HR5WT UT WOS:000463218400002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shan, SQ Zhao, F Wei, YG Liu, MN AF Shan, Siqing Zhao, Feng Wei, Yigang Liu, Mengni TI Disaster management 2.0: A real-time disaster damage assessment model based on mobile social media data-A case study of Weibo (Chinese Twitter) SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Real-time disaster damage assessment; Emotional damage assessment; Disaster damage semantic pattern; Quantity damage assessment; Categories of damage ID URBAN-CARRYING-CAPACITY; ECONOMIC-LOSS ASSESSMENT; INTENSITY AB In the era of big data, could popularized social media platforms assist with urban damage monitoring and assessment and aid disaster rescue? Before, during, and after such disasters, citizens might disseminate disaster-related text and data through social media platforms. Therefore, social media is both a powerful and promising tool for disaster response management, including enhancing situation awareness, promoting emergency information flow, predicting disasters and coordinating rescue efforts. This study develops a framework for real-time urban disaster damage monitoring and assessment. Social media texts sent during and after the Tianjin explosion and Typhoon Nepartak (i.e., a manmade and natural large-scale disaster, respectively) disasters are collected and constitute the database. The real-time monitoring of physical damage and sentiment provides the main categories of damage and damage scale information. In this study, a physical assessment provides a detailed quantity of the losses according to the different types of damage sustained over time. One pronounced innovation is the study's comprehensive perspective, which facilitates a thorough analysis of both the emotional and physical damage in real-time scenarios. In addition, a quantity evaluation of physical damage is performed. The findings suggest that social media can be used for rapid damage evaluations as the real-time and huge information flow contains the aforementioned damage categories, damage scale and damage quantity messages. The social media database damage assessment model presented in this study can enhance disaster situation awareness and rescue operations. C1 [Shan, Siqing; Zhao, Feng; Wei, Yigang; Liu, Mengni] Beihang Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Shan, Siqing; Wei, Yigang] Beijing Key Lab Emergency Support Simulat Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wei, YG (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM shansiqing@buaa.edu.cn; weiyg@buaa.edu.cn RI WEI, Yigang/U-2900-2017 OI WEI, Yigang/0000-0001-6190-2241 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71771010, 71471008]; Beijing Science and Technology Plan [Z161100005016037]; Beijing Key Laboratory of Emergency Support Simulation Technologies for City Operations FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71771010 and 71471008) and Beijing Science and Technology Plan (No. Z161100005016037). The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Beijing Key Laboratory of Emergency Support Simulation Technologies for City Operations. Besides, the authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for insightful comments that helped us improve the quality of the paper. 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Sci. PD JUN PY 2019 VL 115 BP 393 EP 413 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2019.02.029 PG 21 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HQ8QL UT WOS:000462690300037 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ni, ZJ Rong, LL Wang, N Cao, S AF Ni, Zi-jian Rong, Lili Wang, Ning Cao, Shuo TI Knowledge model for emergency response based on contingency planning system of China SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Conceptual model; Ontology; Documentary analysis; Top-level ontology; N-ary relation ID BIG DATA; SUPPLY CHAINS; SOCIAL MEDIA; MANAGEMENT; ONTOLOGY; COORDINATION; EFFICIENCY; ANALYTICS; PATTERNS AB China is severely exposed to natural hazards. Currently, there are more than 5.5 million contingency plans for handling various incidents. Similar to those produced in other counties, the paper-based plans in China are limited in that emergency responders cannot easily extract helpful information for them. In this paper, a knowledge-based system will be proposed for providing different stakeholders with helpful information in the emergency response. The conceptual model is the core for the whole system, which can link plans in the physical world and the ontology in the cyber world. C1 [Ni, Zi-jian; Rong, Lili; Wang, Ning; Cao, Shuo] Dalian Univ Technol, Fac Management & Econ, 2 Ling Gong Rd, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Cao, Shuo] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Foreign Languages, 2 Ling Gong Rd, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. RP Ni, ZJ (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Fac Management & Econ, 2 Ling Gong Rd, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, Peoples R China. 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PD JUN PY 2019 VL 46 BP 10 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.10.021 PG 13 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA HP7VS UT WOS:000461899300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ehnis, C Bunker, D AF Ehnis, Christian Bunker, Deborah TI Repertoires of collaboration: incorporation of social media help requests into the common operating picture SO BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Social media; extreme events; repertoires of collaboration; crisis communication; emergency management organisations AB Disasters present us with dynamic and emergent multi-stakeholder scenarios. Complex decision-making is supported by Emergency Management Organisation (EMO) 'command and control' disaster response systems that if pushed to failure, present problems in the development and monitoring of situational awareness. Nowhere is this more evident than when the general public use social media platforms to report crisis incidents when the official emergency management hotline (e.g. Triple Zero (000) in Australia) is overwhelmed or not available. This causes a number of issues for EMO as it is difficult to verify and determine the accuracy and veracity of social media posts and how to best incorporate the information within them into situational awareness for the assessment of and response to, an emergency incident. This paper analyses interview data from five Australian EMO that outlines and discusses these issues in detail. As a result of this analysis, we suggest that developing a supplementary 'repertoires of collaboration' approach to incorporating social media posts into the development of situational awareness during a disaster event, would help improve disaster response outcomes. 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DI 10.1080/0144929X.2019.1621934 EA MAY 2019 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA ID3HM UT WOS:000471567800001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shapira, S Friger, M Bar-Dayan, Y Aharonson-Daniel, L AF Shapira, Stav Friger, Michael Bar-Dayan, Yaron Aharonson-Daniel, Limor TI Healthcare workers' willingness to respond following a disaster: a novel statistical approach toward data analysis SO BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Health personnel; Disaster planning; Statistical models; Earthquakes; Absenteeism ID QUANTILE REGRESSION; PATIENT MORTALITY; EMERGENCY; KNOWLEDGE; PERSONNEL; PREPAREDNESS; PERCEPTIONS; RESILIENCE; EARTHQUAKE; STRATEGIES AB BackgroundThe willingness of healthcare workers (HCW) to respond is an important factor in the health system's response capacity during emergencies. Although much research has been devoted to exploring this issue, the statistical methods employed have been predominantly traditional and have not enabled in-depth analysis focused on absenteeism-prone employees during emergencies. The present study employs an innovative statistical approach for modeling HCWs' willingness to respond (WTR) following an earthquake.MethodsA validated questionnaire measuring knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward an earthquake scenario was distributed among Israeli HCWs in a hospital setting. Two regression models were employed for data analysis - a traditional linear model, and a quantile regression model that makes it possible to examine associations between explanatory variables across different levels of a dependent variable. A supplementary analysis was performed for selected variables using broken line spline regression.ResultsFemales under the age of forty, and nurses were the most absenteeism-prone sub-groups of employees (showed low WTR) in earthquake events. Professional commitment to care and perception of efficacy were the most powerful predictors associated with WTR across all quantiles. Both marital status (married) and concern for family wellbeing, designated as statistically significant in the linear model, were found to be statistically significant in only one of the WTR quantiles (the former in Q10 and the latter in Q50). Gender and number of children, which were not significantly associated with WTR in the linear model, were found to be statistically significant in the 25th quantile of WTR.ConclusionsThis study contributes to both methodological and practical aspects. Quantile regression provides a more comprehensive view of associations between variables than is afforded by linear regression alone. Adopting an advanced statistical approach in WTR modeling can facilitate effective implementation of research findings in the field. C1 [Shapira, Stav; Bar-Dayan, Yaron; Aharonson-Daniel, Limor] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, PREPARED Ctr Emergency Response Res, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Shapira, Stav; Bar-Dayan, Yaron; Aharonson-Daniel, Limor] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Sch Publ Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Friger, Michael] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Publ Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Shapira, S (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, PREPARED Ctr Emergency Response Res, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel.; Shapira, S (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Sch Publ Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel. 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Educ. PD MAY 30 PY 2019 VL 19 AR 130 DI 10.1186/s12909-019-1561-7 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Education & Educational Research GA HW8IC UT WOS:000466931700001 PM 31053130 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Freitas, DP Borges, MRS de Carvalho, PVR AF Freitas, Danilo P. Borges, Marcos R. S. de Carvalho, Paulo Victor R. TI A conceptual framework for developing solutions that organise social media information for emergency response teams SO BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Emergency; emergency response; situational awareness; social media; conceptual framework ID MANAGEMENT; CHALLENGES AB Social media have great power to spread information, and this is particularly noticeable when an emergency occurs. The extraction of accurate information from social media can offer an important resource for emergency management, both in terms of decision-making and increasing situational awareness. This paper describes a conceptual framework for the development of applications to treat messages from social media. It is designed to select, classify and prioritise, using parameters, messages containing information that is relevant to the emergency context. It allows a team to act on this information and to generate rescue actions that contribute to the emergency solution. It has a collaborative bias, providing perceptual, coordination and communication mechanisms. We also present an instantiation and the simulation of its use in the treatment of tweets (Twitter messages) about two emergencies: an earthquake in Mexico City (19/09/2017) and a California fire (December, 2017). The volume of messages is enormous, but most of them do not present significant value to the emergency response. We categorised those that contained relevant information. With only 2% of the tweets, it was possible to identify and prioritise messages with potential to aid in response and rescue operations. C1 [Freitas, Danilo P.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, PPGI, FACC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Borges, Marcos R. S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, PPGI, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [de Carvalho, Paulo Victor R.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, PPGI, CNEN, IEN, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Freitas, DP (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, PPGI, FACC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM danilo@facc.ufrj.br RI Borges, Marcos/P-5773-2019; carvalho, paulo/F-6973-2012 OI Borges, Marcos/0000-0002-2992-3429; carvalho, paulo/0000-0002-9276-8193 FU FAPERJCarlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) [E-26/202.876/2018] FX The work of Marcos R.S. Borges has been supported by FAPERJ under [grant number E-26/202.876/2018]. 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Inf. Technol. DI 10.1080/0144929X.2019.1621933 EA MAY 2019 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA ID3JV UT WOS:000471574000001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kaur, A Sood, SK AF Kaur, Amandeep Sood, Sandeep K. TI Analytical mapping of research on disaster management, types and role of ICT during 2011-2018 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE Disaster management; scientometric; Information and Communication Technology; VOSViewer; co-occurrence ID SENSOR NETWORKS; H-INDEX; SCIENTOMETRICS; EARTHQUAKE; SCIENCE; HAZARD; FLOOD AB Catastrophic disasters like earthquake and flood cause widespread destruction and financial devastation. This has brought disaster management into limelight making it a burgeoning academic research field. The remarkable rise of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has instigated the scientific world to incorporate these technologies in disaster management. 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Hazards PD MAY 27 PY 2019 VL 18 IS 3 BP 266 EP 285 DI 10.1080/17477891.2019.1567457 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HS4KH UT WOS:000463830700005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kaufhold, MA Rupp, N Reuter, C Habdank, M AF Kaufhold, Marc-Andre Rupp, Nicola Reuter, Christian Habdank, Matthias TI Mitigating information overload in social media during conflicts and crises: design and evaluation of a cross-platform alerting system SO BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Social media; emergency management; social media alerts; information overload; system evaluation ID QUALITATIVE SURVEY; ANALYTICS; EMERGENCIES; CHALLENGES AB The research field of crisis informatics examines, amongst others, the potentials and barriers of social media use during conflicts and crises. Social media allow emergency services to reach the public easily in the context of crisis communication and receive valuable information (e.g. pictures) from social media data. However, the vast amount of data generated during large-scale incidents can lead to issues of information overload and quality. To mitigate these issues, this paper proposes the semi-automatic creation of alerts including keyword, relevance and information quality filters based on cross-platform social media data. We conducted empirical studies and workshops with emergency services across Europe to raise requirements, then iteratively designed and implemented an approach to support emergency services, and performed multiple evaluations, including live demonstrations and field trials, to research the potentials of social media-based alerts. Finally, we present the findings and implications based on semi-structured interviews with emergency services, highlighting the need for usable configurability and white-box algorithm representation. C1 [Kaufhold, Marc-Andre] Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, Kohlbettstr 15, D-57072 Siegen, Germany. [Rupp, Nicola; Habdank, Matthias] Univ Paderborn, Comp Applicat & Integrat Design & Planning CIK, Paderborn, Germany. [Kaufhold, Marc-Andre; Reuter, Christian] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Sci & Technol Peace & Secur PEASEC, Darmstadt, Germany. RP Kaufhold, MA (reprint author), Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, Kohlbettstr 15, D-57072 Siegen, Germany. EM marc.kaufhold@uni-siegen.de OI Kaufhold, Marc-Andre/0000-0002-0387-9597 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [608352]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und ForschungFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) [13N14351]; Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB 1053] FX This work was supported by the European Union FP7 Security: [Grant Number 608352]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung: [Grant Number 13N14351]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: [Grant Number SFB 1053]. 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A primary objective was to identify how to add a flooded vegetation layer to the Emergency Geomatics Service (EGS) SAR-derived flood products. Field data were used to identify non-flooded and flooded vegetation. A combination of statistical analyses and box plot visual inspection was used to evaluate the magnitude-only images, the polarimetric and compact polarimetric parameters/decompositions, and the coherence products for mapping flooded vegetation. This paper provides some background on the use of SAR for flood mapping, describes the data and processing methods, and presents the results of this comparison. To some degree all polarizations and techniques were effective for mapping flooded vegetation due to the increased backscatter intensity and the phase shift from the double bounce scattering. In particular, all polarization combinations, the HH/HV ratio, Shannon entropy, and the m-chi double bounce produce good separation. The water/vegetation interface remains coherent when flooded, also allowing flooded vegetation to be identified with seasonal coherence. These results demonstrate that the use of multi-mode RADARSAT Constellation Mission data for providing a flooded vegetation layer to EGS flood maps is possible. C1 [Brisco, Brian; Shelat, Yask; Murnaghan, Kevin; Fuss, Colleen; Olthof, Ian; Deschamps, Alice] Govt Canada, Canada Ctr Mapping & Earth Observat, 560 Rochester St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada. [Montgomery, Joshua; Hopkinson, Chris] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Geog, 4401 Univ Dr W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 6T5, Canada. [Poncos, Valentin] Kepler Space Inc, 72 Walden Dr, Ottawa, ON K2K 3L5, Canada. RP Brisco, B (reprint author), Govt Canada, Canada Ctr Mapping & Earth Observat, 560 Rochester St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada. EM Brian.Brisco@canada.ca FU Remote Sensing Science (RSS) program at CCMEO; Canada Space Agency (CSA) through the RCM DUAP program FX Acknowledgments go to the Remote Sensing Science (RSS) program at CCMEO and the Canada Space Agency (CSA) through the RCM DUAP program for supporting the project. Thanks to John Willis, Eric Christiansen and Roland Campbell of Alberta Environmental Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting Agency (AEMERA) for help with ground truth in the PAD. 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J. Remote Sens. PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 45 IS 1 BP 73 EP 87 DI 10.1080/07038992.2019.1612236 EA MAY 2019 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IK9RP UT WOS:000469685000001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Alkhatib, M El Barachi, M Shaalan, K AF Alkhatib, Manar El Barachi, May Shaalan, Khaled TI An Arabic social media based framework for incidents and events monitoring in smart cities SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Smart cities; Sustainable cities; Incident management; Social media; Arabic language; Text classification AB Smart city initiatives aim at leveraging human, collective, and technological capital to ensure sustainable development and quality of life for their citizens. Offering efficient and sustainable emergency rescue services in smart cities requires coordinated efforts and shared information between the public, the decision makers, and rescue teams. With the rapid growth and proliferation of social media platforms, there is a vast amount of user-generated content that can be used as source of information about cities. In this work, we propose a novel framework for events and incidents' management in smart cities. Our framework uses text mining, text classification, named entity recognition, and stemming techniques to extract the intelligence needed from Arabic social media feeds, for effective incident and emergency management in smart cities. In our system, the data is automatically collected from social media feeds then processed to generate incident intelligence reports that can provide emergency situational awareness and early warning signs to rescue teams. The proposed framework was implemented and tested using datasets collected from Arabic Twitter feeds over a two-years span, and the obtained results show that Polynomial Networks and Support Vector Machines are the top performers in terms of Arabic text classification, achieving classification accuracy of 96.49% and 94.58% respectively, when used with stemming. The results also showed that the use of stemming led to a penalty in terms of response time, and that the richer the dataseticorpus used in terms of size and composition, the higher the classification accuracy will be. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alkhatib, Manar; Shaalan, Khaled] British Univ Dubai, Fac Engn & IT, Dubai Int Acad City, POB 345015, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [El Barachi, May] Univ Wollongong Dubai, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Knowledge Village, POB 20183, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. RP El Barachi, M (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Engn & Informat Sci, POB 20183, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. 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Clean Prod. PD MAY 20 PY 2019 VL 220 BP 771 EP 785 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.063 PG 15 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HU8CH UT WOS:000465509400063 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Matini, MR Andaroodi, E Ono, K AF Matini, Mohammad Reza Andaroodi, Elham Ono, Kinji TI A 3D approach to reconstitution of the adobe citadel of Bam after earthquake: a complementary interpretation of architectural heritage knowledge, aerial photogrammetry, and heterogeneous data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE adobe constructions; CAD-based drawings; Citadel of Bam; heterogeneous data; 3D CG reconstitution; 3D wireframe ID RECONSTRUCTION AB Post-disaster recovery of heritage sites is a challenge, and a three-dimensional (3D) approach is a key to the site's revival. This research has focused on 3D Computer Graphics (CG) reconstitution of the adobe Citadel of the city of Bam (part of World Heritage Sites) after the 2003 earthquake. The conventional 3D modeling methods have failed to reconstruct the Citadel due to few precise pre-earthquake surveys, complicated forms of adobe buildings and extensive site destruction. The research has proposed an innovative approach to enhance 3D cartography of Aerial Photogrammetry using heterogeneous data, such as photos before or after the earthquake, architectural drawings, videos, descriptive texts, etc. The highlight of the 3D reconstitution is to interpret historic adobe constructions and to understand the structure of vaults and loadbearing walls, the proportions, and geometry of space or the connection of interior and exterior facades. The Citadel is reconstituted by a wireframe CAD-based (Computer Aided Design) 3D drawing, and consequently by non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) surface modeling and is visualized by Virtual Reality (VR) or Augmented Reality (AR) applications. The results are distributed in a RDF-based (Resource Description Framework) website: Bam3DCG (). C1 [Matini, Mohammad Reza] Tehran Univ Art, Dept Architecture, Fac Architecture & Urbanism, Tehran, Iran. [Andaroodi, Elham] Univ Tehran, Coll Fine Arts, Fac Architecture, Tehran, Iran. [Ono, Kinji] Natl Inst Informat, Tokyo, Japan. RP Matini, MR (reprint author), Tehran Univ Art, Fac Architecture, Hafez St,Sarhang Sakahi St,30th Tir Crossing, Tehran, Iran. EM m.r.matini@ut.ac.ir FU [21300100]; [18200017]; [15200018] FX This work is funded by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Kaken, No. 21300100, No. 18200017, No. 15200018. Data exchange is provided by Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handcraft and Tourism Organization. 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J. Archit. Herit. PD MAY 19 PY 2019 VL 13 IS 4 BP 600 EP 618 DI 10.1080/15583058.2018.1450907 PG 19 WC Architecture; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Architecture; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA HW1IG UT WOS:000466436000006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Han, L Li, WJ Su, Z AF Han, Lu Li, Wenjun Su, Zhi TI An assertive reasoning method for emergency response management based on knowledge elements C4.5 decision tree SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Assertive reasoning; C4.5 decision tree; Decision support system; Emergency management; Knowledge elements ID CREDAL-C4.5; SELECTION; SUPPORT AB The correct selection of knowledge elements is the key to emergency management. Using emergency knowledge elements, this study constructs an assertive reasoning selection methodology by improving acquisition on the balance coefficient in the C4.5 algorithm. Through hierarchical representation, a two level model selection method, based on a top model construction process as well as an underlying model selection process, is proposed. Specifically, the top model construction process is based on assertive reasoning and an underlying model selection process is based on the C4.5 decision tree. This method reduces the requirements for emergency domain knowledge, and improves the accuracy and timeliness. Lastly, the methodology is applied to the 2015 Tianjin explosions as a case study. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Han, Lu; Li, Wenjun] Cent Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Management Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Su, Zhi] Cent Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Finance, Sch Stat & Math, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Han, L (reprint author), Cent Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Management Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM hanluivy@126.com; wj_li2012@126.com; suzhi1218@163.com OI Han, Lu/0000-0002-1120-3220 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71473279, 71673315, 71703182]; National Social Science Fund of China [15ZDC024]; Program for Innovation Research at the Central University of Finance and Economics; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council [201806495014] FX The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71473279, No. 71673315, and No. 71703182), the National Social Science Fund of China (Grant No. 15ZDC024), the Program for Innovation Research at the Central University of Finance and Economics, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Visiting Scholar Grant Program of China Scholarship Council for Han (No. 201806495014). 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PD MAY 15 PY 2019 VL 122 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.eswa.2018.12.042 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HL3CH UT WOS:000458589900006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kaljahi, MA Shivakumara, P Idris, MYI Anisi, MH Lu, T Blumenstein, M Noor, NM AF Kaljahi, Maryam Asadzadeh Shivakumara, Palaiahnakote Idris, Mohd Yamani Idna Anisi, Mohammad Hossein Lu, Tong Blumenstein, Michael Noor, Noorzaily Mohamed TI An automatic zone detection system for safe landing of UAVs SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE UAV disaster management; Safe landing zone; Gabor transform; Markov chain code; Safe landing detection AB As the demand increases for the use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to monitor natural disasters, protecting territories, spraying, vigilance in urban areas, etc., detecting safe landing zones becomes a new area that has gained interest. This paper presents an intelligent system for detecting regions to navigate a UAV when it requires an emergency landing due to technical causes. The proposed system explores the fact that safe regions in images have flat surfaces, which are extracted using the Gabor Transform. This results in images of different orientations. The proposed system then performs histogram operations on different Gabor-oriented images to select pixels that contribute to the highest peak, as Candidate Pixels (CP), for the respective Gabor-oriented images. Next, to group candidate pixels as one region, we explore Markov Chain Codes (MCCs), which estimate the probability of pixels being classified as candidates with neighboring pixels. This process results in Candidate Regions (CRs) detection. For each image of the respective Gabor orientation, including CRs, the proposed system finds a candidate region that has the highest area and considers it as a reference. We then estimate the degree of similarity between the reference CR with corresponding CRs in the respective Gabor-oriented images using a Chi square distance measure. Furthermore, the proposed system chooses the CR which gives the highest similarity to the reference CR to fuse with that reference, which results in the establishment of safe landing zones for the UAV. Experimental results on images from different situations for safe landing detection show that the proposed system outperforms the existing systems. Furthermore, experimental results on relative success rates for different emergency conditions of UAVs show that the proposed intelligent system is effective and useful compared to the existing UAV safe landing systems. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kaljahi, Maryam Asadzadeh; Shivakumara, Palaiahnakote; Idris, Mohd Yamani Idna; Noor, Noorzaily Mohamed] Univ Malaya, Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Anisi, Mohammad Hossein] Univ Essex, Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. [Lu, Tong] Nanjing Univ, Natl Key Lab Novel Software Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Blumenstein, Michael] Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Engn & Informat Technol, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Anisi, MH (reprint author), Univ Essex, Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. EM asadzadeh@um.edu.my; shiva@um.edu.my; yamani@um.edu.my; m.anisi@essex.ac.uk; lutong@nju.edu.cn; michael.blumenstein@uts.edu.au; zaily@um.edu.my RI Anisi, Mohammad Hossein/L-3718-2016 OI Anisi, Mohammad Hossein/0000-0001-8414-2708 FU Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya [RP036B-15AET, PG063-2016 A]; Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61672273, 61832008]; Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of JiangsuNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [BK20160021] FX This research work was supported by the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya under a special allocation of Post Graduate Funds for the RP036B-15AET and PG063-2016 A project. This work was also supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61672273 and Grant 61832008, and the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu under Grant BK20160021. 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Appl. PD MAY 15 PY 2019 VL 122 BP 319 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.eswa.2019.01.024 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HL3CH UT WOS:000458589900025 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhao, QS Chen, Z Liu, C Luo, NX AF Zhao, Qiansheng Chen, Zi Liu, Chang Luo, Nianxue TI Extracting and classifying typhoon disaster information based on volunteered geographic information from Chinese Sina microblog SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE classification; KNN; Sina Microblog; typhoon disaster; VGI ID SOCIAL SENSORS; TWITTER; MEDIA AB The notion and application of volunteered geographic information occur and rise rapidly in recent years with the thriving of social media in China such as Sina Microblog, which is one of the most active social network sites. Many researches on natural disasters like flood, earthquake, and forest fires leverage social media like Twitter, Flickr, or YouTube, but few studies focus on typhoon disaster based on Sina Microblog even though typhoon disaster batters southeast coastline of China every year. This study proposed a method to extract and classify typhoon disaster information from Sina Microblog. KNN (k-nearest neighbors) algorithm is implemented for microblog classification in order to extract useful information about the real hazards, and an experiment is conducted to tune the parameters in KNN by comparison of outcomes of social media data analysis and the real typhoon situation. The result shows that more than 70% microblogs are classified correctly. After the classification, we carried out spatial temporal analysis to map the disaster situation. It shows that the spatial distribution of microblog message mean centers about typhoon has regular variation along with the typhoon path. 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Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD MAY 10 PY 2019 VL 31 IS 9 SI SI AR e4910 DI 10.1002/cpe.4910 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HU1NF UT WOS:000465038400013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Lal, N Chaurasiya, VK AF Kumar, Shishupal Lal, Nidhi Chaurasiya, Vijay Kumar TI An energy efficient IPv6 packet delivery scheme for industrial IoT over G.9959 protocol based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) SO COMPUTER NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Internet-of-Things; Energy; Wireless sensor network; Performance analysis AB Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) achieves substantial attention in the research as well as the industrial area. WSN integrates with various protocols to give the variety of application-based services related to healthcare, habitat monitoring, smart city, military usage and disaster management etc. By providing different applications and services, it composites with the terms Internet-of-the things (IoT). However, when these measures are collaborated with the industrial revolution, it becomes Industrial Internet-of-the things (IIoT). In this way, it provides high scalability by the support of the large number of Internet users with the usage of IPv6 instead of IPv4. It is essential that the working modules and protocol to be energy efficient. The reason is, a lifetime of a deployed sensor is directly related to its draining short-term battery. By following, these point into account, various protocols are utilized and tested by IIoT based WSN. Although, these all do not give satisfactory performance in terms of the appropriate data rate to provide the high speed to run the various categories of applications and services in IIoT. Therefore in this paper, we select G.9959 protocol instead of IEEE 802.15.4 and compared the IPv6 packet delivery rate with respect to energy and latency. Furthermore, an analysis is performed to see the effect on energy when the bandwidth moderates. Further, extensive simulations were made, and related results showed that our proposed scheme has better performance compared with other schemes in our simulated scenarios. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kumar, Shishupal; Chaurasiya, Vijay Kumar] IIIT Allahabad, Dept Informat Technol, Allahabad 217015, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Lal, Nidhi] MNNIT Allahabad, Dept Comp Sci, Allahabad 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), IIIT Allahabad, Dept Informat Technol, Allahabad 217015, Uttar Pradesh, India. 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Netw. PD MAY 8 PY 2019 VL 154 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.comnet.2019.03.001 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HT3TH UT WOS:000464485600008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Alam, F Ofli, F Imran, M AF Alam, Firoj Ofli, Ferda Imran, Muhammad TI Descriptive and visual summaries of disaster events using artificial intelligence techniques: case studies of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria SO BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Social media; image processing; text classification; named-entity recognition; topic modelling; disaster management ID SOCIAL MEDIA; NETWORK ANALYSIS; ANALYTICS; TRUST AB People increasingly use microblogging platforms such as Twitter during natural disasters and emergencies. Research studies have revealed the usefulness of the data available on Twitter for several disaster response tasks. However, making sense of social media data is a challenging task due to several reasons such as limitations of available tools to analyse high-volume and high-velocity data streams, dealing with information overload, among others. To eliminate such limitations, in this work, we first show that textual and imagery content on social media provide complementary information useful to improve situational awareness. We then explore ways in which various Artificial Intelligence techniques from Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision fields can exploit such complementary information generated during disaster events. Finally, we propose a methodological approach that combines several computational techniques effectively in a unified framework to help humanitarian organisations in their relief efforts. We conduct extensive experiments using textual and imagery content from millions of tweets posted during the three major disaster events in the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane season. Our study reveals that the distributions of various types of useful information can inform crisis managers and responders and facilitate the development of future automated systems for disaster management. C1 [Alam, Firoj; Ofli, Ferda; Imran, Muhammad] Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Qatar Comp Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. RP Alam, F (reprint author), Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Qatar Comp Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. 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Inf. Technol. DI 10.1080/0144929X.2019.1610908 EA MAY 2019 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IB6HQ UT WOS:000470371200001 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mirbabaie, M Marx, J AF Mirbabaie, Milad Marx, Julian TI 'Breaking' news: uncovering sense-breaking patterns in social media crisis communication during the 2017 Manchester bombing SO BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Sense-making; sense-giving; sense-breaking; social media crisis communication; Twitter ID SENSEMAKING; TWITTER; FACEBOOK AB Individuals, (media-) organisations, and crisis responders who are involved in ad hoc crisis communication steadily deploy social media to contribute to collective sense-making as an endeavour to create meaning in highly uncertain situations. Exerting sense-giving in order to shape others' conceptions is causally preceded by an initial breakup of existing understanding. This study aims to explore patterns of sense-breaking in social media crisis communication and its impact on collective sense-making and sense-giving. To this end, we conducted a case study of the Manchester bombing in 2017, including a social network analysis of 708,147 Twitter postings and a content analysis of 2006 original tweets. We found individual role types to be initiators of sense-breaking in early crisis stages when uncertainty is at its height. Exerting successive sense-giving becomes more challenging if the collective sense-making has progressed along with the sequence of events. This understanding aims to encourage emergency management organisations to move their sense-giving actions closer to the point in time when sense-breaking occurs. C1 [Mirbabaie, Milad; Marx, Julian] Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Cognit Sci, Duisburg, Germany. RP Mirbabaie, M (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Comp Sci & Appl Cognit Sci, Duisburg, Germany. 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DI 10.1080/0144929X.2019.1611924 EA MAY 2019 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IB6HW UT WOS:000470371800001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Horby, P Amuasi, J Aagaard, N Kohler, J Gooshki, ES Denis, E Reis, AA Gangbo, F Compaore, GM Ngaba, ON Komas, NP Munday, F Aglanu, LM Wellington, K Maiga-Ascofare, O Bah-Sow, OY Diallo, AA Souare, O Penali, L Mason, GT Mfutso-Bengo, J Doumbia, A Iliyasu, Z Folayan, MO Mbaye, E Ndiaye, BP Toure, A Toure, P Nyan, O Bouacha, H Seryazi, IS Jahan, MU Al-Atiyyat, NMH Shah, A Aasim, A De Castro, L Marodin, G Ascurra, M Rethymiotaki, E Peicius, E Farnon, EC Taieb, FN Taverne, B Moore, CE de Almeida, JR Whittall, H Saenz, C Sathiyamoorthy, V Ravinetto, R AF Saxena, Abha Horby, Peter Amuasi, John Aagaard, Nic Kohler, Johannes Gooshki, Ehsan Shamsi Denis, Emmanuelle Reis, Andreas A. Gangbo, Flore Compaore, Germaine Minoungou Ngaba, Olive Nicole Komas, Narcisse P. Munday, Felicien Aglanu, Leslie Mawuli Wellington, Kofi Maiga-Ascofare, Oumou Bah-Sow, Oumou Younoussa Diallo, Alpha Ahmadou Souare, Ousmane Penali, Louis Mason, Gloria T. Mfutso-Bengo, Joseph Doumbia, Abdou Iliyasu, Zubairu Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Mbaye, El Hadji Ndiaye, Birahim Pierre Toure, Aissatou Toure, Pape Nyan, Ousman Bouacha, Hend Seryazi, Irene Semakula Jahan, Mahmood Uz Al-Atiyyat, Nijmeh Mohammed Hussein Shah, Aarati Aasim, Ahmad De Castro, Leonardo Marodin, Gabriela Ascurra, Marta Rethymiotaki, Eleni Peicius, Eimantas Farnon, Eileen C. Taieb, Fabien Nicolas Taverne, Bernard Moore, Catrin E. de Almeida, Joao Rangel Whittall, Hugh Saenz, Carla Sathiyamoorthy, Vasee Ravinetto, Raffaella CA ALERRT-WHO Workshop TI Ethics preparedness: facilitating ethics review during outbreaks - recommendations from an expert panel SO BMC MEDICAL ETHICS LA English DT Review DE Research ethics; Ethics review; Rapid review; Pre-review; Infectious disease outbreaks; Low- and middle-income countries ID HEALTH EMERGENCIES; EBOLA; TRIALS AB BackgroundEnsuring that countries have adequate research capacities is essential for an effective and efficient response to infectious disease outbreaks. The need for ethical principles and values embodied in international research ethics guidelines to be upheld during public health emergencies is widely recognized. Public health officials, researchers and other concerned stakeholders also have to carefully balance time and resources allocated to immediate treatment and control activities, with an approach that integrates research as part of the outbreak response. Under such circumstances, research ethics preparedness constitutes an important foundation for an effective response to infectious disease outbreaks and other health emergencies.Main textA two-day workshop was convened in March 2018 by the World Health Organisation Global Health Ethics Team and the African coaLition for Epidemic Research, Response and Training, with representatives of National Ethics Committees, to identify practical processes and procedures related to ethics review preparedness. The workshop considered five areas where work might be undertaken to facilitate rapid and sound ethics review: preparing national ethics committees for outbreak response; pre-review of protocols; multi-country review; coordination between national ethics committees and other key stakeholders; data and benefit sharing; and export of samples to third countries.In this paper, we present the recommendations that resulted from the workshop. In particular, the participants recommended that Ethics Committees would develop a formal national standard operating procedure for emergency response ethical review; that there is a need to clarify the terminology and expectations of pre-review of generic protocols and agree upon specific terminology; that there is a need to explore mechanisms for multi-country emergency ethical consultation, and to establish procedures for communication between national ethics committees and other oversight bodies and public health authorities. In addition, it was suggested that ethics committees should request from researchers, at a minimum, a preliminary data sharing and sample sharing plan that outlines the benefit to the population from which data and samples are to be drawn. This should be followed in due time by a full plan.ConclusionIt is hoped that the national ethics committees, supported by the WHO, relevant collaborative research consortia and external funding agencies, will work towards bringing these recommendations into practice, for supporting the conduct of effective research during outbreaks. C1 [Saxena, Abha; Kohler, Johannes; Reis, Andreas A.] WHO, Global Hlth Eth Team, Geneva, Switzerland. [Saxena, Abha] Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. [Horby, Peter; Denis, Emmanuelle] Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England. [Amuasi, John] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi Ctr Collaborat Res Trop Med, Kumasi, Ghana. [Aagaard, Nic] Minist Hlth, Eth Committees, Wellington, New Zealand. [Gooshki, Ehsan Shamsi] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Med Eth & Hist Med Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Ravinetto, Raffaella] Inst Trop Med, Inst Review Board, Antwerp, Belgium. [Gangbo, Flore] Comite Natl Eth Rech Sante, Cotonou, Benin. [Compaore, Germaine Minoungou] Lab Natl Elevage, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Ngaba, Olive Nicole] Minist Sante Publ, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Komas, Narcisse P.] Univ Bangui, Inst Pasteur Bangui, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Munday, Felicien] Univ Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Aglanu, Leslie Mawuli] Kumasi Ctr Collaborat Res Trop Med, Kumasi, Ghana. [Wellington, Kofi] Ghana Hlth Serv, Eth Review Comm, Accra, Ghana. [Maiga-Ascofare, Oumou] Kumasi Ctr Collaborat Res Trop Med, Kumasi, Ghana. [Maiga-Ascofare, Oumou] Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany. [Bah-Sow, Oumou Younoussa; Diallo, Alpha Ahmadou; Souare, Ousmane] Comite Natl Eth Rech Sante, Conakry, Guinea. [Penali, Louis] Inst Pasteur, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Mason, Gloria T.] Natl Res Eth Board, Monrovia, Liberia. [Mfutso-Bengo, Joseph] Ctr Bioeth Eastern & Southern Africa, Blantyre, Malawi. [Doumbia, Abdou] Comite Natl Eth Sante & Sci Vie, Bamako, Mali. [Iliyasu, Zubairu] Ctr Infect Dis Res, Lagos, Nigeria. [Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin] Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Child Dent Hlth, Ife, Nigeria. [Mbaye, El Hadji] Inst Rech Sante Surveillance Epidemiol & Format, Dakar, Senegal. [Ndiaye, Birahim Pierre] Inst Rech Sante Surveillance Epidemiol & Format, Dakar, Senegal. [Toure, Aissatou] Inst Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal. [Toure, Pape] Comite Natl Eth Rech Sante, Dakar, Senegal. [Nyan, Ousman] Univ Gambia, Sch Med & Allied Hlth Sci, Banjul, Gambia. [Bouacha, Hend] Comite Natl Eth Rech Sante, Tunis, Tunisia. [Seryazi, Irene Semakula] Uganda Natl Council Sci & Technol, Kampala, Uganda. [Jahan, Mahmood Uz] Bangladesh Med Res Council, Dakha, Bangladesh. [Al-Atiyyat, Nijmeh Mohammed Hussein] Hashemite Univ, Fac Nursing, Dept Adult Hlth Nursing, Amman, Jordan. [Shah, Aarati] Natl Acad Med Sci, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Aasim, Ahmad] Res Eth Comm, Islamabad, Pakistan. [De Castro, Leonardo] Philippine Hlth Res Eth Board, Manila, Philippines. [Marodin, Gabriela] Minist Saude, Conselho Nacl Saude, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Ascurra, Marta] Natl Bioeth Commiss, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. [Rethymiotaki, Eleni] Hellen Natl Bioeth Commiss, Athens, Greece. [Peicius, Eimantas] Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslu Univ, MA Visuomenes Sveikatos Fak, Bioetikos Katedra, Kaunas, Lithuania. [Farnon, Eileen C.; Taieb, Fabien Nicolas] Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. [Taverne, Bernard] Inst Rech Dev, Paris, France. [Moore, Catrin E.] Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England. [de Almeida, Joao Rangel] Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London, England. [Whittall, Hugh] Nuffield Council Bioeth, London, England. [Saenz, Carla] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Sathiyamoorthy, Vasee] WHO, Res Eth & Knowledge Management, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Ravinetto, R (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Inst Review Board, Antwerp, Belgium. EM rravinetto@itg.be OI Reis, Andreas/0000-0002-8218-2615; Maiga Ascofare, Oumou/0000-0003-2947-5651; Ravinetto, Raffaella/0000-0001-7765-2443 FU Department for International Development; Wellcome [212162/Z/18/Z] FX This work was supported by the Department for International Development and Wellcome [grant number 212162/Z/18/Z]. The funding body had no role in the design, conduct and reporting of the workshop, and in writing the manuscript. 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Ethics PD MAY 6 PY 2019 VL 20 AR 29 DI 10.1186/s12910-019-0366-x PG 10 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA HX2JB UT WOS:000467217000001 PM 31060618 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ji, M Liu, LF Du, RL Buchroithner, MF AF Ji, Min Liu, Lanfa Du, Runlin Buchroithner, Manfred F. TI A Comparative Study of Texture and Convolutional Neural Network Features for Detecting Collapsed Buildings After Earthquakes Using Pre- and Post-Event Satellite Imagery SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE earthquake; grey-level co-occurrence matrix texture; convolutional neural network; CNN; random forest ID DAMAGE ASSESSMENT; RANDOM FOREST; GIS; SAR AB The accurate and quick derivation of the distribution of damaged building must be considered essential for the emergency response. With the success of deep learning, there is an increasing interest to apply it for earthquake-induced building damage mapping, and its performance has not been compared with conventional methods in detecting building damage after the earthquake. In the present study, the performance of grey-level co-occurrence matrix texture and convolutional neural network (CNN) features were comparatively evaluated with the random forest classifier. Pre- and post-event very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing imagery were considered to identify collapsed buildings after the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Overall accuracy (OA), allocation disagreement (AD), quantity disagreement (QD), Kappa, user accuracy (UA), and producer accuracy (PA) were used as the evaluation metrics. The results showed that the CNN feature with random forest method had the best performance, achieving an OA of 87.6% and a total disagreement of 12.4%. CNNs have the potential to extract deep features for identifying collapsed buildings compared to the texture feature with random forest method by increasing Kappa from 61.7% to 69.5% and reducing the total disagreement from 16.6% to 14.1%. The accuracy for identifying buildings was improved by combining CNN features with random forest compared with the CNN approach. OA increased from 85.9% to 87.6%, and the total disagreement reduced from 14.1% to 12.4%. The results indicate that the learnt CNN features can outperform texture features for identifying collapsed buildings using VHR remotely sensed space imagery. C1 [Ji, Min; Liu, Lanfa; Buchroithner, Manfred F.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Cartog, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Du, Runlin] Qingdao Inst Marine Geol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. RP Liu, LF (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Cartog, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. EM Min.Ji@tu-dresden.de; Lanfa.liu@mailbox.tu-dresden.de; durunlin123@163.com; Manfred.Buchroithner@tu-dresden.de OI Buchroithner, Manfred/0000-0002-6051-2249 FU Open Access Publication Funds of TU Dresden FX The APC was funded by the Open Access Publication Funds of TU Dresden. 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PD MAY 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 10 AR 1202 DI 10.3390/rs11101202 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IQ1QG UT WOS:000480524800060 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sheykhmousa, M Kerle, N Kuffer, M Ghaffarian, S AF Sheykhmousa, Mohammadreza Kerle, Norman Kuffer, Monika Ghaffarian, Saman TI Post-Disaster Recovery Assessment with Machine Learning-Derived Land Cover and Land Use Information SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE post-disaster recovery assessment; land cover and land use based recovery maps; machine Learning; multi-temporal worldview-2 imagery; SVM; super typhoon haiyan; the Philippines ID TYPHOON HAIYAN; TRAINING DATA; DAMAGE; IMAGE; CLASSIFICATION; EARTHQUAKE; ACCURACY AB Post-disaster recovery (PDR) is a complex, long-lasting, resource intensive, and poorly understood process. PDR goes beyond physical reconstruction (physical recovery) and includes relevant processes such as economic and social (functional recovery) processes. Knowing the size and location of the places that positively or negatively recovered is important to effectively support policymakers to help readjust planning and resource allocation to rebuild better. Disasters and the subsequent recovery are mainly expressed through unique land cover and land use changes (LCLUCs). Although LCLUCs have been widely studied in remote sensing, their value for recovery assessment has not yet been explored, which is the focus of this paper. An RS-based methodology was created for PDR assessment based on multi-temporal, very high-resolution satellite images. Different trajectories of change were analyzed and evaluated, i.e., transition patterns (TPs) that signal positive or negative recovery. Experimental analysis was carried out on three WorldView-2 images acquired over Tacloban city, Philippines, which was heavily affected by Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. Support vector machine, a robust machine learning algorithm, was employed with texture features extracted from the grey level co-occurrence matrix and local binary patterns. Although classification results for the images before and four years after the typhoon show high accuracy, substantial uncertainties mark the results for the immediate post-event image. All land cover (LC) and land use (LU) classified maps were stacked, and only changes related to TPs were extracted. The final products are LC and LU recovery maps that quantify the PDR process at the pixel level. It was found that physical and functional recovery can be mainly explained through the LCLUC information. In addition, LC and LU-based recovery maps support a general and a detailed recovery understanding, respectively. It is therefore suggested to use the LC and LU-based recovery maps to monitor and support the short and the long-term recovery, respectively. 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PD MAY 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 10 AR 1174 DI 10.3390/rs11101174 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IQ1QG UT WOS:000480524800032 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhang, JY Chen, YB AF Zhang, Jiayang Chen, Yangbo TI Risk Assessment of Flood Disaster Induced by Typhoon Rainstorms in Guangdong Province, China SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE typhoon rainstorms; flood disaster; analytical hierarchy process (AHP); comprehensive weighted evaluation (CWE); risk assessment ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; DECISION-MAKING; HAZARD; AHP; VULNERABILITY; CLIMATOLOGY; MAINLAND; MODEL; AREAS; MAPS AB China's coastal areas suffer from typhoon attacks every year. Rainstorms induced by typhoons characteristically are high intensity with a large amount of rain and usually induce floods and waterlogging in the affected area. Guangdong province has the highest frequency of typhoon hits in China. It has a special geographical position as well as unique climatic features, but the typhoon flood disaster risk has not been fully assessed in this area. This article attempts to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive risk assessment for the area. By combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and multi-factor analysis through geographic information system (GIS) and the comprehensive weighted evaluation, the typhoon flood disaster risk is evaluated from four different aspects with seventeen indicators. A comprehensive study of the typhoon flood disaster risk is carried out, and the risk maps with a resolution of 1 km(2) have been made. There is a good coherence between the typhoon flood risk map and historical records of typhoon floods in Guangdong province. The results indicate that the comprehensive typhoon flood disaster risk in the coastal regions of Guangdong province is obviously higher than in the Northern mountainous areas. Chaoshan plain and Zhanjiang city have the highest risk of typhoon flood disaster. Shaoguan and Qingyuan cities, which are in the Northern mountainous areas, have the lowest risk. The spatial distribution of typhoon flood disaster risks shows that it has certain regulations along the coast and rivers, but it may be affected by economic and human activities. This article is significant for environmental planning and disaster management strategies of the study area as well as in similar climatic regions in other parts of the world. C1 [Zhang, Jiayang; Chen, Yangbo] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, Guangzhou 510245, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Chen, YB (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, Guangzhou 510245, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM zhangjy225@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; eescyb@mail.sysu.edu.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC1502702] FX This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (funding no. 2017YFC1502702). 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However, to the authors' best knowledge, few studies have focused on socio-economic recovery. Here, as a first step toward investigating the possibility of developing an AI-based method for detecting socio-economic recovery, this study provides fundamental insights about the correlations between public sentiment on social media and socio-economic recovery activities as reflected in market data. Our result shows multiple correlations between sentiment on social media and the socio-economic recovery activities involved in restarting daily routines. Conventional socio-economic recovery indicators, such as governmental statistical data, have a significant time lag before publishing. Therefore, by taking advantages of the real timeliness and the effectiveness of seizing communication trends of massive social media data, using public sentiment on social media can improve situational awareness in recovery operations. C1 [Shibuya, Yuya; Tanaka, Hideyuki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Interdisciplinary Informat Studies, Tokyo, Japan. RP Shibuya, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Interdisciplinary Informat Studies, Tokyo, Japan. EM yuya-shibuya@iii.u-tokyo.ac.jp; tanaka@iii.u-tokyo.ac.jp FU Graduate Program for Social ICT Global Creative Leaders; research grant "Proto Award"; Proto Corporation FX This study was supported by the research grant "Proto Award." Therefore, we would like to thank the Proto Corporation, which provided used-car market data and financial support. This study is also supported by the Graduate Program for Social ICT Global Creative Leaders. In addition, the authors would like to thank Professor Shyhtsun Felix Wu from the University of California, Davis, for providing us the initial data of the Japanese Facebook Pages' profiles. 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Syst. PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 34 IS 3 SI SI BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1109/MIS.2019.2918245 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IK7UO UT WOS:000476798100004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Dong, C Li, X Chen, XX Jin, JC Huang, CY AF Dong, Chao Li, Xue Chen, Xin-xi Jin, Jiu-cai Huang, Cheng-yi TI Recent Progress of Marine Survey Unmanned Surface Vehicle in China SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE unmanned surface vehicle; recent progress; marine survey; China AB Based on the ongoing techniques among control theory, communication networks, and sensor design, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs) and unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) are experiencing rapid development. Research on these unmanned systems and those intelligent sectors inside has absorbed interests and investments from not only military but also civil organizations. The well-applied fields include surveillance and reconnaissance, surface warfare, antisubmarine warfare, mine countermeasures, oceanic environment monitoring, search and rescue, hydrographic survey, and so on. Comparing with those studies on UAVs and UUVs, the one focusing on USVs was started later and has been developed quickly in the past 20 years. Since 2013, USV has advanced considerably in China, particularly in the marine survey field. Owing to its characteristics of light-weighting, intelligence, and unmanned operations, USV is attractive for shallow water, extreme environments, and marine accidents. This paper comprehensively summarizes the recent progress of the marine survey USV in China. The structure of the paper is divided into three parts. First, we briefly recall the developing history and introduce several excellent USVs of China in recent years. The marine survey USVs invested by the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) are then summarized in the next section, along with the details of hydrographic survey in the South China Sea, Antarctic marine survey, and oil spill emergency response. Finally, the paper points out current deficiencies and future directions of the potential technique. C1 [Dong, Chao; Li, Xue] State Ocean Adm, South China Sea Marine Survey & Technol Ctr, Xingang West Rd 155, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Dong, Chao; Li, Xue] State Ocean Adm, Key Lab Technol Safeguarding Marine Rights & Inte, Xingang West Rd 155, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xin-xi] State Ocean Adm, East Sea Marine Environm Investigating & Surveyin, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Jin, Jiu-cai] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Huang, Cheng-yi] State Ocean Adm, Beihai Offshore Engn Survey Inst, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Dong, C (reprint author), State Ocean Adm, South China Sea Marine Survey & Technol Ctr, Xingang West Rd 155, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Dong, C (reprint author), State Ocean Adm, Key Lab Technol Safeguarding Marine Rights & Inte, Xingang West Rd 155, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM dongchaoxj888@126.com FU Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Project; Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean [201505002] FX Financial support from the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Project, as well as the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean (201505002), is gratefully acknowledged. 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PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 53 IS 3 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.4031/MTSJ.53.3.4 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA IJ2IC UT WOS:000475720500004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhu, XX Zhang, GH Sun, BQ AF Zhu, Xiaoxin Zhang, Guanghai Sun, Baiqing TI A comprehensive literature review of the demand forecasting methods of emergency resources from the perspective of artificial intelligence SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Review DE Emergency event; Emergency resource; Demand prediction; Forecasting method; Literature review; Artificial intelligence ID NEURAL-NETWORKS; FRAMEWORK; EARTHQUAKE; MODEL AB In recent decades, several forecasting methods have been proposed so as to aid in selecting from all optimal alternatives in the demand of emergency resources. Academic research in the field of emergency management has increasingly focused on artificial intelligence. However, more attention has been paid to attempts at simulating the human brain, with little focus on addressing intelligent information processing techniques based on machine learning, big data and smart devices. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review is presented in order to classify and interpret current research on demand forecasting methodologies and applications. A total of 1235 academic papers from 1980 to 2018 in the SpringerLink and Elsevier ScienceDirect databases are categorized as follows: time series analysis, case-based reasoning (CBR), mathematical models, information technology, literature reviews, and discussion and analysis. Application areas from business source premier include papers on the topics of emergency management, decision-making, decision relief, logistics, fuzzy sets and other topics. Academic publications are classified by (1) year of publication, (2) journal of publication, (3) database source, (4) methodology and (5) research discipline. The results of this literature review show that, despite forecasting methods such as ARIMA, CBR and mathematical models appearing to play a pivotal role in promoting prediction performance, there is a need to explore more real-time forecasting approaches based on intelligent information processing techniques so as to achieve appropriate dynamic demand prediction that is adaptable to emergency and rescue situations. The intention for this paper is to be a useful reference point for those with research needs in forecasting methodologies and the applications of emergency resources. C1 [Zhu, Xiaoxin; Zhang, Guanghai] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Sun, Baiqing] Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, XX (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM zhuxx0813@hotmail.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of PR ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71774042]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M632725] FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of PR China (No. 71774042) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M632725). The author wishes to thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments. CR Aviv Y, 2003, OPER RES, V51, P210, DOI 10.1287/opre.51.2.210.12780 Billings R.B., 2008, FORECASTING URBAN WA Bin Y, 2014, INT J TECHNOL MANAGE, V3, P40 Bingzhen S, 2012, APPL MATH MODEL, V31, P7062 Box G. E. 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Hazards PD MAY PY 2019 VL 97 IS 1 BP 65 EP 82 DI 10.1007/s11069-019-03626-z PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IK3YC UT WOS:000476523300004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Peyravi, M Marzaleh, MA Khorram-Manesh, A AF Peyravi, Mahmoudreza Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad Khorram-Manesh, Amir TI An Overview of the Strengths and Challenges Related to Health on the First 10 Days after the Large Earthquake in the West of Iran, 2017 SO IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Earthquake; Healthcare; Disaster management; Iran ID PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; DISASTER; MORBIDITY; OUTBREAK; LESSONS; JAPAN; CHINA AB Background: The objective of the present study was to investigate the strength and weaknesses of healthcare management during the first 10 days after the earthquake in Sarpol-e Zahab in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: This qualitative, observational study was conducted on November 13-23, 2017 in the disaster area, by using content analysis. Data was collected through experts and focus group interviews with professional and healthcare staff, and policy-makers. Results: Our findings were categorized into 7 major groups; environmental health; mental health; mothers, infants and children's health; field hospital; nutrition; contagious diseases; drug delivery. There were good cooperation and coordination regarding environmental health issues. However, other categories were handled by different organizations and resulted in a chaotic situation. Conclusion: The post-earthquake period is overwhelmed with considerable issues regarding the care of victims and therapeutic measures. Lack of quick, reliable, and appropriate management will result in extensive health issues, including epidemic, worsening of chronic diseases, and exacerbation of mental disorders. C1 [Peyravi, Mahmoudreza; Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management & Med Informat, Hlth Human Resources Res Ctr, Dept Hlth Disasters & Emergencies, Shiraz, Iran. [Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management & Med Informat, Student Res Comm, Shiraz, Iran. [Khorram-Manesh, Amir] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Surg, Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Marzaleh, MA (reprint author), Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management & Med Informat, Hlth Human Resources Res Ctr, Dept Hlth Disasters & Emergencies, Shiraz, Iran.; Marzaleh, MA (reprint author), Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management & Med Informat, Student Res Comm, Shiraz, Iran. 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Public Health PD MAY PY 2019 VL 48 IS 5 BP 963 EP 970 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IE9DS UT WOS:000472675700022 PM 31523655 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sotoudeh-Anvari, A Sadjadi, SJ Molana, SMH Sadi-Nezhad, S AF Sotoudeh-Anvari, A. Sadjadi, S. J. Molana, S. M. Hadji Sadi-Nezhad, S. TI A stochastic multi-objective model based on the classical optimal search model for searching for the people who are lost in response stage of earthquake SO SCIENTIA IRANICA LA English DT Article DE Earthquake response; Multi-objective optimization; Search theory; Dynamic programming; Multi-criteria decision making ID OPTIMAL DISCRETE SEARCH; PROGRAMMING APPROACH; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; SEQUENTIAL SEARCH; HIERARCHY PROCESS; DECISION-MAKING; OR/MS RESEARCH; DISASTER; OPTIMIZATION; RANKING AB Although after an earthquake, the injured person should be equipped with food, shelter, and hygiene activities, before anything must be searched and rescued. However, Disaster Management (DM) has focused heavily on emergency logistics and developing an effective strategy for search operations has been largely ignored. In this study, we suggest a stochastic multi-objective optimization model to allocate resource and time for searching the individuals who are trapped in disaster regions. 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In this study, we describe a method for flood visualization using both regular and adaptive grids for position-based fluids method to visualize the depth of water in the study area. The mapping engine utilizes adaptive cell sizes to represent the study area and utilizes Jenks natural breaks method to classify the data. Predefined single-hue and multi-hue color sets are used to generate a heat map of the study area. It is shown that the dynamic representation benefits the mapping engine through enhanced precision when the study area has non-disperse clusters. Moreover, it is shown that, through decreasing precision, and utilizing an adaptive grid approach, the simulation runs more efficiently when particle interaction is computationally expensive. C1 [Hadimlioglu, I. Alihan; King, Scott A.] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Dept Comp Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. RP Hadimlioglu, IA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Dept Comp Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 8 IS 5 AR 204 DI 10.3390/ijgi8050204 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IC4VP UT WOS:000470965400005 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hein, D Kraft, T Brauchle, J Berger, R AF Hein, Daniel Kraft, Thomas Brauchle, Joerg Berger, Ralf TI Integrated UAV-Based Real-Time Mapping for Security Applications SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE UAV camera system; rapid mapping; aerial imaging; real-time situation picture; disaster management; image mosaicing; direct georeferencing ID CALIBRATION; SYSTEM; MODELS AB Security applications such as management of natural disasters and man-made incidents crucially depend on the rapid availability of a situation picture of the affected area. UAV-based remote sensing systems may constitute an essential tool for capturing aerial imagery in such scenarios. While several commercial UAV solutions already provide acquisition of high quality photos or real-time video transmission via radio link, generating instant high-resolution aerial maps is still an open challenge. For this purpose, the article presents a real-time processing tool chain, enabling generation of interactive aerial maps during flight. Key element of this tool chain is the combination of the Terrain Aware Image Clipping (TAC) algorithm and 12-bit JPEG compression. As a result, the data size of a common scenery can be reduced to approximately 0.4% of the original size, while preserving full geometric and radiometric resolution. Particular attention was paid to minimize computational costs to reduce hardware requirements. The full workflow was demonstrated using the DLR Modular Airborne Camera System (MACS) operated on a conventional aircraft. In combination with a commercial radio link, the latency between image acquisition and visualization in the ground station was about 2 s. In addition, the integration of a miniaturized version of the camera system into a small fixed-wing UAV is presented. It is shown that the described workflow is efficient enough to instantly generate image maps even on small UAV hardware. Using a radio link, these maps can be broadcasted to on-site operation centers and are immediately available to the end-users. C1 [Hein, Daniel; Kraft, Thomas; Brauchle, Joerg; Berger, Ralf] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Hein, D (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. EM daniel.hein@dlr.de; thomas.kraft@dlr.de; joerg.brauchle@dlr.de; ralf.berger@dlr.de OI Berger, Ralf/0000-0002-1314-5554; Hein, Daniel/0000-0001-9186-4178 FU Program Coordination Defence & Security Research at DLR - Federal Ministry of Research and Education [FKZ 13N12746] FX This research was supported by the Program Coordination Defence & Security Research at DLR. Parts of the work were funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Education (FKZ 13N12746). CR Agisoft LLC, AG PHOTOSCAN PROF Aguilera P., 2006, ECE533 U WISC MAD Al-Ani M. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 8 IS 5 AR 219 DI 10.3390/ijgi8050219 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IC4VP UT WOS:000470965400020 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hoang, TV Chou, TY Nguyen, NT Fang, YM Yeh, ML Nguyen, QH Nguyen, XL AF Thanh Van Hoang Tien Yin Chou Ngoc Thach Nguyen Yao Min Fang Mei Ling Yeh Quoc Huy Nguyen Xuan Linh Nguyen TI A Robust Early Warning System for Preventing Flash Floods in Mountainous Area in Vietnam SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE early warning; flood; flash floods; analytic hierarchy process; threshold; disaster management AB The early-warning model for flash floods is based on a hydrological and geomorphological concept connected to the river basin, with the principle that flash floods will only occur where there is a high potential risk and when rainfall exceeds the threshold. In the model used to build flash-floods risk maps, the parameters of the basin are analyzed and evaluated and the weight is determined using Thomas Saaty's analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The flash-floods early-warning software is built using open source programming tools. With the spatial module and online processing, a predicted precipitation of one to six days in advance for iMETOS (AgriMediaVietnam) automatic meteorological stations is interpolated and then processed with the potential risk maps (iMETOS is a weather-environment monitoring system comprising a wide range of equipment and an online platform and can be used in various fields such as agriculture, tourism and services). The results determine the locations of flash floods at several risk levels corresponding to the predicted rainfall values at the meteorological stations. The system was constructed and applied to flash floods disaster early warning for Thuan Chau in Son La province when the rainfall exceeded the 150 mm/d threshold. The system initially supported positive decision-making to prevent and minimize damage caused by flash floods. C1 [Thanh Van Hoang; Tien Yin Chou; Yao Min Fang; Mei Ling Yeh] Feng Chia Univ, Geog Informat Syst Res Ctr, Taichung 40724, Taiwan. [Ngoc Thach Nguyen] VNU, Univ Sci, Fac Geog, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. [Quoc Huy Nguyen; Xuan Linh Nguyen] Feng Chia Univ, Coll Construct & Dev, PhD Program Civil & Hydraul Engn, Taichung 40724, Taiwan. RP Hoang, TV (reprint author), Feng Chia Univ, Geog Informat Syst Res Ctr, Taichung 40724, Taiwan. EM van@gis.tw; jimmy@gis.tw; nguyenngocthachhus@vnu.edu.vn; frankfang@gis.tw; milly@gis.tw; st_huy@gis.tw; st_linh@gis.tw FU National Program for Tay Bac, VNU Hanoi, Viet Nam [KHCN-TB.13C/13-18] FX This article is the result of a state-level project titled "Research on modeling and system of sub-regional weather forecasting and warning of flood, forest fire and agricultural pests at district level in the North West Vietnam", Code: KHCN-TB.13C/13-18 and has been financed by National Program for Tay Bac, VNU Hanoi, Viet Nam; supervised and assisted by Geographic Information Systems Research Center, Feng Chia University, Taiwan. CR Brewster J., DEV FLASH FLOOD POTE Challawala S., 2017, MYSQL 8 BIG DATA Demirel MC, 2009, ADV ENG SOFTW, V40, P467, DOI 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2008.08.002 Du C.D., 2000, FLASH FLOODS CAUSE P EU Associated Programme on Flood Management (APFM), 2007, GUID FLASH FLOOD MAN Forestieri A., 2016, P 12 INT C HYDR SOND Giordano A. 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Geo-Inf. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 8 IS 5 AR 228 DI 10.3390/ijgi8050228 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA IC4VP UT WOS:000470965400029 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mann, ML Warner, JM Malik, AS AF Mann, Michael L. Warner, James M. Malik, Arun S. TI Predicting high-magnitude, low-frequency crop losses using machine learning: an application to cereal crops in Ethiopia SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NDVI; YIELDS; MODEL AB Timely and accurate agricultural impact assessments for droughts are critical for designing appropriate interventions and policy. These assessments are often ad hoc, late, or spatially imprecise, with reporting at the zonal or regional level. This is problematic as we find substantial variability in losses at the village-level, which is missing when reporting at the zonal level. In this paper, we propose a new data fusion methodcombining remotely sensed data with agricultural survey datathat might address these limitations. We apply the method to Ethiopia, which is regularly hit by droughts and is a substantial recipient of ad hoc imported food aid. We then utilize remotely sensed data obtained near mid-season to predict substantial crop losses of greater than or equal to 25% due to drought at the village level for five primary cereal crops. We train machine learning models to predict the likelihood of losses and explore the most influential variables. On independent samples, the models identify substantial drought loss cases with up to 81% accuracy by mid- to late-September. We believe the proposed models could be used to help monitor and predict yields for disaster response teams and policy makers, particularly with further development of the models and integration of soon-to-be available high-resolution, remotely sensed data such as the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel (HLS) data set. C1 [Mann, Michael L.] George Washington Univ, Dept Geog, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Warner, James M.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Malik, Arun S.] George Washington Univ, Dept Econ, Washington, DC USA. RP Mann, ML (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Geog, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM mmann1123@gwu.edu OI Mann, Michael/0000-0002-6268-6867 FU United States Agency for International DevelopmentUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID); Department for International Development of the Government of the UK; European UnionEuropean Union (EU) FX This research was conducted under the Ethiopia Strategy Support Program, which is managed by the International Food Policy Research Institute and is financially supported by the United States Agency for International Development, the Department for International Development of the Government of the UK, and the European Union. 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Change PD MAY PY 2019 VL 154 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 227 DI 10.1007/s10584-019-02432-7 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HZ7FA UT WOS:000469017400013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Huang, JF Du, W Xiong, NX AF Yu, Yang Huang, Jifeng Du, Wen Xiong, Naixue TI Design and Analysis of a Lightweight Context Fusion CNN Scheme for Crowd Counting SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE crowd counting; convolutional neural networks; deep learning; computer vision AB Crowd counting, which is widely used in disaster management, traffic monitoring, and other fields of urban security, is a challenging task that is attracting increasing interest from researchers. For better accuracy, most methods have attempted to handle the scale variation explicitly. which results in huge scale changes of the object size. However, earlier methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) have focused primarily on improving accuracy while ignoring the complexity of the model. This paper proposes a novel method based on a lightweight CNN-based network for estimating crowd counting and generating density maps under resource constraints. The network is composed of three components: a basic feature extractor (BFE), a stacked a trous convolution module (SACM), and a context fusion module (CFM). The BFE encodes basic feature information with reduced spatial resolution for further refining. Various pieces of contextual information are generated through a short pipeline in SACM. To generate a context fusion density map, CFM distills feature maps from the above components. The whole network is trained in an end-to-end fashion and uses a compression factor to restrict its size. Experiments on three highly-challenging datasets demonstrate that the proposed method delivers attractive performance. C1 [Yu, Yang; Huang, Jifeng] Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Informat Mech & Elect Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R China. [Du, Wen] DS Informat Technol Co Ltd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Xiong, Naixue] Northeastern State Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Tahlequah, OK 74464 USA. RP Huang, JF (reprint author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Informat Mech & Elect Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R China. EM 1000441792@smail.shnu.edu.cn; jfhuang@shnu.edu.cn; duwen@dscomm.com.cn; xiong31@nsuok.edu OI xiong, naixue/0000-0002-0394-4635 FU Artificial Intelligence Development and Innovation Project of Shanghai [2018-RGZN-01013] FX This work was supported in part by the Artificial Intelligence Development and Innovation Project of Shanghai (No. 2018-RGZN-01013). 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However, the traditional LPWAN with its default protocol will reduce the communication efficiency in disaster situation because a large number of users will send and receive emergency information result in communication jams and soaring error rates. In this paper, we proposed a LPWAN based decentralized network structure as an extension of our previous Disaster Information Sharing System (DISS). Our network structure is powered by Named Node Networking (3N) which is based on the Information-Centric Networking (ICN). This network structure optimizes the excessive useless packet forwarding and path optimization problems with node name routing (NNR). To verify our proposal, we conduct a field experiment to evaluate the efficiency of packet path forwarding between 3N+LPWA structure and ICN+LPWA structure. Experimental results confirm that the load of the entire data transmission network is significantly reduced after NNR optimized the transmission path. C1 [Qi, Xin; Wen, Zheng; Murata, Kazunori; Sato, Takuro] Waseda Univ, FSE, Tokyo 1690072, Japan. [Yu, Keping] Waseda Univ, GITS GITI, Tokyo 1690072, Japan. [Shibata, Kouichi] Skeed Co Ltd, Tokyo 1530063, Japan. RP Yu, KP (reprint author), Waseda Univ, GITS GITI, Tokyo 1690072, Japan. EM keping.yu@aoni.waseda.jp FU "Disaster reduction promotion project to protect lives using no disconnection network" by MIC; MIC; JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [JP18K18044] FX I appreciate the support from "Disaster reduction promotion project to protect lives using no disconnection network" by MIC. This paper used some parts of results of 3N developed by "Establishment of high efficient and secured IoT data collection and control technologies for distribution network" supported by MIC. I also would like to present acknowledgement for MIC. This work also was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP18K18044. 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Inf. Syst. PD MAY PY 2019 VL E102D IS 5 BP 988 EP 997 DI 10.1587/transinf.2018NTP0009 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HV9FT UT WOS:000466289200012 OA Other Gold, Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kanani-Sadat, Y Arabsheibani, R Karimipour, F Nasseri, M AF Kanani-Sadat, Yousef Arabsheibani, Reza Karimipour, Farid Nasseri, Mohsen TI A new approach to flood susceptibility assessment in data-scarce and ungauged regions based on GIS-based hybrid multi criteria decision-making method SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flood susceptibility map; MCDM; Fuzzy-DEMATEL; ANP; GIS ID WEIGHTS-OF-EVIDENCE; FUZZY-DEMATEL; RISK-MANAGEMENT; MCDM APPROACH; MODELS; MITIGATION; SYSTEM; DELINEATION; BIVARIATE; NETWORK AB Identifying the flood susceptible areas is a vital and substantial element of disaster management for every country to control and mitigate injuries of the natural hazards. The current research presents a framework for the preparation of flood prone areas' maps by the integration of Geospatial Information System (GIS), fuzzy logic, and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). To achieve this goal, a spectrum of geophysical, geomorphological, meteorological, hydrological, and geographical criteria have been addressed. Considering the linkage and the interdependencies of the criteria, DEcision-MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach are used to form the network of relations among the criteria. Moreover, considering inevitable uncertainty, ambiguity/vagueness of the experts' opinions, fuzzy theory is integrated with DEMATEL to handle the issue. Finally, Analytic Network Process (ANP) are implemented to calculate the final weight of every single criterion. The Kurdistan province, located in the North-West of Iran, is considered as the case study in which numerous flood events has had recently happened. The efficiency of the model is assessed through the area under the curve (AUC) and statistical measures such as the Kappa index. In order to evaluate the produced classified flood susceptibility map, the map of historical flood events in the province is also used. About 85% of validation area is classified as "Very High flood Susceptible" which implies the efficiency of proposed framework for flood susceptibility mapping. Furthermore, for evaluating the functionality of the framework in comparison with traditional approaches, the well-known AHP methodology is implemented too. The validation results demonstrate that the Fuzzy-DEMATEL ANP model (AUC-ROC = 0.938, Kappa = 0.88) has a higher performance accuracy compare to the AHP model (AUC-ROC = 0.918, Kappa = 0.79). 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 572 BP 17 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.02.034 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA HY1QL UT WOS:000467891900002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fan, XM Xu, Q Alonso-Rodriguez, A Subramanian, SS Li, WL Zheng, G Dong, XJ Huang, RQ AF Fan, Xuanmei Xu, Qiang Alonso-Rodriguez, Andres Subramanian, Srikrishnan Siva Li, Weile Zheng, Guang Dong, Xiujun Huang, Runqiu TI Successive landsliding and damming of the Jinsha River in eastern Tibet, China: prime investigation, early warning, and emergency response SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Successive landslides; Landslide dam; Potential geohazards; Long term deformation; Monitoring and early warning; Emergency response ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; TIME-SERIES; SICHUAN; MAGNITUDE; REGION AB Two successive landslides within a month started in October 11, 2018, and dammed twice the Jinsha River at the border between Sichuan Province and Tibet in China. Both events had potential to cause catastrophic flooding that would have disrupted lives of millions and induced significant economic losses. Fortunately, prompt action by local authorities supported by the deployment of a real-time landslide early warning system allowed for quick and safe construction of a spillway to drain the dammed lake. It averted the worst scenario without loss of life and property at least one order of magnitude less to what would have been observed without quick intervention. Particularly, the early warning system was able to predict the second large-scale slope failure 24h in advance, along with minor rock falls during the spillway construction, avoiding false alerts. This paper presents the main characteristics of both slope collapses and damming processes, and introduces the successful landslide early warning system. Furthermore, we found that the slope endured cumulative creeping displacements of >40m in the past decade before the first event. Twenty-five meter displacement occurred in the year immediately before. The deformation was measured by the visual interpretation of multitemporal satellite images, which agrees with the interferometry synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurement. If these had been done before the emergency, economic losses could have been reduced further. Therefore, our findings strengthen the case for the deployment of systematic monitoring of potential landslide sites by integrating earth observation methods (i.e., multitemporal satellite or UAV images) and in situ monitoring system as a way to reduce risk. It is expected that this success story can be replicated worldwide, contributing to make our society more resilient to landslide events. C1 [Fan, Xuanmei; Xu, Qiang; Alonso-Rodriguez, Andres; Subramanian, Srikrishnan Siva; Li, Weile; Zheng, Guang; Dong, Xiujun; Huang, Runqiu] Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Xu, Q (reprint author), Chengdu Univ Technol, State Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM xq-68@qq.com RI Rodriguez, Andres Felipe Alonso/X-2521-2019; Subramanian, Srikrishnan Siva/O-8753-2019 OI Subramanian, Srikrishnan Siva/0000-0003-4004-0894; Alonso-Rodriguez, Andres Felipe/0000-0002-6404-2192 FU National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [41622206]; Funds for Creative Research Groups of ChinaScience Fund for Creative Research Groups [41521002]; Fund for International Cooperation (NSFC-RCUK_NERC) [41661134010]; fund for Team Project of Independent Research of SKLGP [SKLGP2016Z001, SKLGP2016Z002] FX This research is financially supported by the National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars of China (Grant No. 41622206), the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (Grant No. 41521002), the Fund for International Cooperation (NSFC-RCUK_NERC), Resilience to Earthquake-induced landslide risk in China (Grant No. 41661134010), and the fund for Team Project of Independent Research of SKLGP (Grant Nos. SKLGP2016Z001 and SKLGP2016Z002). 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TI Imaging Spectroscopy for the Detection, Assessment and Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards SO SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Exploring the Earth's Ecosystems on a Global Scale - Requirements, Capabilities and Directions in Space borne Imaging Spectroscopy CY NOV 21-25, 2016 CL Int Space Sci Inst, Bern, SWITZERLAND HO Int Space Sci Inst DE Hazards; Imaging spectroscopy; Hyperspectral; Acid mine drainage; Dust; Hydrocarbon; Atmospheric emissions; Aerosols; Asbestos; Swelling clay ID ATMOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; ACID SULFATE SOIL; METHANE EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION; SPECTROMETER DATA; AEROSOL PLUMES; TRACE GASES AB Natural and anthropogenic hazards have the potential to impact all aspects of society including its economy and the environment. Diagnostic data to inform decision-making are critical for hazard management whether for emergency response, routine monitoring or assessments of potential risks. Imaging spectroscopy (IS) has unique contributions to make via the ability to provide some key quantitative diagnostic information. In this paper, we examine a selection of key case histories representing the state of the art to gain an insight into the achievements and perspectives in the use of visible to shortwave infrared IS for the detection, assessment and monitoring of a selection of significant natural and anthropogenic hazards. The selected key case studies examined provide compelling evidence for the use of theIS technology and its ability to contribute diagnostic information currently unattainable from operational spaceborne Earth observation systems. User requirements for the applications were also evaluated. The evaluation showed that the projected launch of spaceborne IS sensors in the near-, mid and longterm future, together with the increasing availability, quality and moderate cost of offtheshelf sensors, the possibilities to couple unmanned autonomous systems with miniaturized sensors, should be able to meet these requirements. The challenges and opportunities for the scientific community in the future when such data become available will then be ensuring consistency between data from different sensors, developing techniques to efficiently handle, process, integrate and deliver the large volumes of data, and most importantly translating the data to information that meets specific needs of the user community in a form that can be digested/understood by them. The latter is especially important to transforming the technology from a scientific to an operational tool. Additionally, the information must be independently validated using current trusted practices and uncertainties quantified before ISderived measurement can be integrated into operational monitoring services. C1 [Ong, C.] CSIRO, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia. [Carrere, V] Univ Nantes, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, Fac Sci & Tech, UMR CNRS 6112, 2 Rue Houssiniere, F-44322 Nantes 3, France. [Chabrillat, S.] German Res Ctr Geosci GFZ, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Clark, R.] Planetary Sci Inst, 1546 Cole Blvd 120, Lakewood, CO 80401 USA. [Hoefen, T.; Kokaly, R.; Swayze, G.] USGS, Denver Fed Ctr, Bld 20 Rm C2019,Kipling & 6th, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Marion, R.] Environm Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alt, Lab Teledetect, Surveillance, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, Arpajon, France. [Souza Filho, C. R.] State Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Geosci, Rua Carlos Gomes 250, BR-13083855 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Thompson, D. R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Ong, C (reprint author), CSIRO, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia. EM cindy.ong@csiro.au OI Ong, Cindy/0000-0002-9168-2865 FU ISSI; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). US GovernmentNational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) FX This paper is an outcome of a Workshop on Requirements, capabilities and directions in spaceborne IS held at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland, in November 2016. yThe support of ISSI is gratefully acknowledged. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). US Government support is acknowledged. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 40 IS 3 SI SI BP 431 EP 470 DI 10.1007/s10712-019-09523-1 PG 40 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA HY7BP UT WOS:000468286300006 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Duan, ZY Lei, ZX Zhang, M Li, HF Yang, DY AF Duan, Zhengyu Lei, Zengxiang Zhang, Michael Li, Haifeng Yang, Dongyuan TI Understanding multiple days' metro travel demand at aggregate level SO IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE traffic engineering computing; singular value decomposition; intelligent transportation systems; data analysis; day-to-day variation; day-to-day regularity; metro networks; daily metro travel demand; short-term travel demand prediction; aggregate level; singular value decomposition; intrinsic structure; metro operation schedule; origin-destination matrix ID MOBILITY PATTERNS; MATRIX AB Day-to-day variation of travel demand has been rarely studied, due to the limitation of traditional transport data collection methods and the difficulty in high-dimensional data processing. In this study, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to study the day-to-day regularity of metro travel demand, based on four one-month datasets from the metro networks of Shanghai and Shenzhen, China. The results show that SVD is a tool to understand the intrinsic structure of daily metro travel demand. It is found that daily metro travel demand can be decomposed into three constituents: periodic part, burst part and other part. The periodic part varies weekly and accounts for a majority of the travel demand of origin-destination matrix. The burst part exhibits short-lived spikes, which are caused by special events or holidays. Also, other part varies randomly and only contributes a fraction of travel demand. Moreover, the periodic part corresponding to the two largest singular values is very stable in 2 months, and accounts for most of the travel demand. Finally, the burst part is used to analyse the impact of a collision accident. This work is helpful for short-term travel demand prediction, metro operation schedule and emergency management. C1 [Duan, Zhengyu; Yang, Dongyuan] Tongji Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Rd & Traff Engn, 4800 Caoan Rd, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China. [Lei, Zengxiang] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Zhang, Michael] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Li, Haifeng] Cent S Univ, Sch Geosci & Infophys, 932 Lushan Nanlu, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Duan, ZY (reprint author), Tongji Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Rd & Traff Engn, 4800 Caoan Rd, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China. EM d_zy@163.com FU Shanghai Pujiang ProgramShanghai Pujiang Program [16PJD045]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71361130013] FX This work was supported by the Shanghai Pujiang Program (grant no. 16PJD045) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 71361130013). CR AXHAUSEN KW, 1992, TRANSPORT REV, V12, P323, DOI 10.1080/01441649208716826 Batty M, 2009, INT ENCY HUMAN GEOGR, V12, P51, DOI DOI 10.1016/B978-008044910-4.01092-0 Beijing Transport Research Center, 2012, 4 COMPR TRANSP SURV Bellegarda JR, 2000, P IEEE, V88, P1279, DOI 10.1109/5.880084 Bento AM, 2005, REV ECON STAT, V87, P466, DOI 10.1162/0034653054638292 Bhat C. 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Transp. Syst. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 13 IS 5 BP 756 EP 763 DI 10.1049/iet-its.2018.5004 PG 8 WC Transportation Science & Technology SC Transportation GA HX5IJ UT WOS:000467434200002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, JG Cheng, CX Song, CQ Shen, S Ning, LX AF Yang, Jingi Cheng, Chang-xiu Song, Chang-qing Shen, Shi Ning, Li-xin TI Visual analysis of the evolution and focus in landslide research field SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Landslides; Complex network; Cluster analysis; Evolution; Research focus ID BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS; GIS; DEBRIS; TRENDS; RISK AB This paper analysed the evolution of landslide research and research foci in different countries. The data comprise 3105 landslide SCI articles published between January 1977 and June 2015 from the Web of Science. The data are extracted under interaction constraints of the journal title, category, and keywords. The complex network method is used for the analysis. First, from the perspective of topics and methods, the evolution is systematically assessed by generating a co-citation network of the articles and a semantic cluster analysis. Second, from the perspective of topics and landslide-related disasters, the focus in different countries is discussed by generating co-occurrence networks. These networks are the co-occurrence of the countries and keywords, and the co-occurrence of countries and landslide-related disaster phrases. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) landslide susceptibility analysis and methods of machine learning are popular research topics and methods, respectively. The topics change through time, and the article output is influenced by increasing landslide-related disasters, increasing economic losses and casualties, a desire for a more complete and accurate landslide inventory, and the use of effective methods, such as geographical information Science (GIS) and machine learning. (2) The research focus in each country is related with the country-specific disasters or economic costs caused by landslides to some degree. In addition to Italy and the USA, China is the country most commonly affected by landslides, and it should develop its own landslide database and complete in-depth studies of disaster mitigation. C1 [Yang, Jingi; Cheng, Chang-xiu; Shen, Shi; Ning, Li-xin] Beijing Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jingi; Cheng, Chang-xiu; Song, Chang-qing; Shen, Shi; Ning, Li-xin] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jingi; Cheng, Chang-xiu; Song, Chang-qing; Shen, Shi; Ning, Li-xin] Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jingi; Cheng, Chang-xiu; Song, Chang-qing; Shen, Shi; Ning, Li-xin] Beijing Normal Univ, Ctr Geodata & Anal, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Cheng, CX (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Cheng, CX (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Cheng, CX (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Cheng, CX (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Ctr Geodata & Anal, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM yangj@mail.bnu.edu.cn; chengcx@bnu.edu.cn; songcq@bnu.edu.cn; shens@mail.bnu.edu.cn; ninglixin123@163.com RI Shen, Shi/W-4256-2019 OI Shen, Shi/0000-0001-9126-229X FU National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2017YFB0504102]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Center for Geodata and Analysis, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University FX This paper is under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2017YFB0504102), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We would like to thank the high-performance computing support from the Center for Geodata and Analysis, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University (https://gda.bnu.edu.cn/). 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Sci. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 16 IS 5 BP 991 EP 1004 DI 10.1007/s11629-018-5280-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HX1AG UT WOS:000467121200003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU De Graff, JV AF De Graff, Jerome, V TI Ensuring Successful Landslide Investigation during an Emergency Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Emergency Response; Geologic Investigation; Landslides; Emergency Management; Natural Disasters ID INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM; FERGUSON ROCK-SLIDE; DAM LAKE; HAZARD; CLASSIFICATION; DOMINICA; HIGHWAY; FAILURE; CANYON AB When a destructive landslide happens, geologists may be recruited to be part of the team carrying out the emergency response. An emergency response situation requires geologists to quickly acquire needed geologic information during an intense and stressful assignment. There are five significant operational approaches that are essential to ensure success in this situation. First, the geologists should fully understand and remain focused on the objectives of the response mission. Second, the landslide area must be accessed safely when collecting needed data. From a team standpoint, an injury negatively affects available data and time. Third, the landslide information that is developed must be reliable within the context of the mission and be obtainable within a limited time. Fourth, given the constraints on data collection imposed by an emergency response situation, the degree of uncertainty associated with the findings will need to be explained to ensure subsequent decision-making is done on a sound basis. Fifth, the information needs to be communicated to different audiences, who will range from individual team members to groups of people affected by the landslide. Whether providing documentation or making a presentation, the geologist will need to engage them by explaining the landslide information so it speaks to their needs. Experience gained serving on teams for a huge landslide damming a river in Dominica, West Indies, in 1997 and a large rock slide that buried a major highway in California in 2006 illustrate these important aspects for ensuring success when investigating landslides during an emergency response. C1 [De Graff, Jerome, V] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 2576 East San Ramon Ave,Mail Stop ST-24, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. RP De Graff, JV (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 2576 East San Ramon Ave,Mail Stop ST-24, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM degraff@csufresno.edu FU Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists (AEG); Environmental and Engineering Division of the Geological Society of America (ED-GSA) FX The author was the 2016 Richard H. Jahns Distinguished Lecturer in EngineeringGeology. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 25 IS 2 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.2113/EEG-2165 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HV5AV UT WOS:000465997700004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Muhammad, K Khan, S Elhoseny, M Ahmed, SH Baik, SW AF Muhammad, Khan Khan, Selman Elhoseny, Mohamed Ahmed, Syed Hassan Baik, Sung Wook TI Efficient Fire Detection for Uncertain Surveillance Environment SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE 5G; convolutional neural networks (CNNs); disaster management; embedded vision; fire detection; image classification; MobileNet; surveillance; tactile Internet (TI); uncertain Internet of Things (IoT) environment ID CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; FLAME DETECTION; DEEP FEATURES; VIDEO; INTERNET; COMBINATION; VISION; 5G AB Tactile Internet can combinemultiple technologies by enabling intelligence via mobile edge computing and data transmission over a 5G network. Recently, several convolutional neural networks (CNN) based methods via edge intelligence are utilized for fire detection in certain environment with reasonable accuracy and running time. However, these methods fail to detect fire in uncertain Internet of Things (IoT) environment having smoke, fog, and snow. Furthermore, achieving good accuracy with reduced running time and model size is challenging for resource constrained devices. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an efficient CNN based system for fire detection in videos captured in uncertain surveillance scenarios. Our approach uses light-weight deep neural networks with no dense fully connected layers, making it computationally inexpensive. Experiments are conducted on benchmark fire datasets and the results reveal the better performance of our approach compared to state-of-the-art. Considering the accuracy, false alarms, size, and running time of our system, we believe that it is a suitable candidate for fire detection in uncertain IoT environment for mobile and embedded vision applications during surveillance. C1 [Muhammad, Khan] Sejong Univ, Dept Software, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Khan, Selman; Baik, Sung Wook] Sejong Univ, Digital Contents Res Inst, Intelligent Media Lab, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Elhoseny, Mohamed] Mansoura Univ, Fac Comp & Informat, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. [Ahmed, Syed Hassan] Georgia Southern Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Baik, SW (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Digital Contents Res Inst, Intelligent Media Lab, Seoul 143747, South Korea. EM khan.muhammad@ieee.org; salmank@ieee.org; mohamed_elhoseny@mans.edu.eg; sh.ahmed@ieee.org; sbaik@sejong.ac.kr RI Khan, Salman/U-9412-2019; Muhammad, Khan/L-9059-2016; Ahmed, Syed Hassan/E-5058-2014 OI Khan, Salman/0000-0002-9706-4005; Muhammad, Khan/0000-0003-4055-7412; Muhammad, Khan/0000-0002-5302-1150; Ahmed, Syed Hassan/0000-0002-1381-5095 FU National Research Foundation of KoreaNational Research Foundation of Korea [2016R1A2B4011712]; Korea government (MSIP) FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea under grant 2016R1A2B4011712 funded by the Korea government (MSIP). 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Ind. Inform. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 15 IS 5 BP 3113 EP 3122 DI 10.1109/TII.2019.2897594 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA HX0MR UT WOS:000467084400060 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Buor, JK AF Buor, John Kwesi TI Appraising the interactions between public-sector procurement policy and disaster preparedness SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Review DE Disaster management; Public procurement; Causal loop mapping ID RESOURCE-BASED VIEW; DECISION-MAKING; MENTAL MODELS; UK HEALTH; MISPERCEPTIONS; RESILIENCE; SYSTEMS; SINGLE; PERFORMANCE; EARTHQUAKE AB Disasters can be disruptive to the smooth flow of resources even in the most robust supply chains. Unfortunately while disaster caused disruptions and casualty numbers continue to increase, the capacity to judiciously procure and deploy relief/emergency resources in real time dwindles. This paper explores how the over exploitation of public-sector procurement policy can influence strategic national disaster preparedness and response. Specifically, we highlight the interdependent relationships between procurement policy induced behaviours and the capacity to prepare and respond to disasters. Results from interviews with individual senior managers of a disaster management organisation, and the derived cognitive maps suggest that: inapposite procurement practices, excessive political intrusion, resource mismanagement, and unclear national disaster management policy (plan), are some of the causes underpinning poor disaster preparedness and response in Ghana. Our research therefore attempts to explain the apparent inverse relationship between the rise in disaster incidents and the decline in capacity to manage disasters. This article could serve as one of the empirical basis that would prompt policy-makers to review Ghana's policy on emergency procurement. The models in this research could provide the needed insight into the underlying structures as well as alert managers that their procurement decisions or behaviours can potentially produce unintended consequences that may affect future operations. C1 [Buor, John Kwesi] GIMPA Business Sch, Ghana Inst Management & Publ Adm, Management Sci Dept, POB AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana. RP Buor, JK (reprint author), GIMPA Business Sch, Ghana Inst Management & Publ Adm, Management Sci Dept, POB AH 50, Achimota, Accra, Ghana. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 36 AR 101120 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101120 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HW2EX UT WOS:000466496900026 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Okura, M Hashimoto, A Arai, H AF Okura, Mika Hashimoto, Ayumi Arai, Hidenori TI Community and municipal organizational characteristics impacting the completion of disaster plans by local public entities in Japan SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Role of local public entities; Completion of disaster-management systems; Community characteristics; Municipal organizational characteristics; Secondary data analysis AB Survey results and publicly available data from government entities were used as secondary data to examine the completion of the three types of disaster plans (master plans, lists of people who would need assistance in a disaster, individual plans) by local public entities in Japan. The results of multivariate logistic analyses using the stepwise method (forward selection, likelihood method) show that the common factors that affected the completion of the three types of disaster plans were the number of entities given lists in normal times and the number of entities given lists in a disaster at local public entities in Japan. In other words, it shows important to establish a good relationship with regional affiliated organizations through collaborative activities for completing these lists. The results of this study were obtained by analyzing secondary data, therefore, there are several limitations on how they can be interpreted. There are many other variables that may affect the outcome variables of disaster-management system completion, which we hope future research will clarify. C1 [Okura, Mika] Kyoto Univ, Dept Human Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Med, Kyoto, Japan. [Hashimoto, Ayumi] Univ Tokyo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Prevent Epidemiol, Tokyo, Japan. [Arai, Hidenori] Natl Ctr Geriatr & Gerontol, Obu, Aichi, Japan. RP Okura, M (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Human Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Med, Sakyo Ku, 53 Kawahara Cho, Kyoto 6068507, Japan. EM okura.mika.2e@kyoto-u.ac.jp FU Ministry of Health, Labour and WelfareMinistry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan [H24-mental-designation-002]; National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology [271] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare [grant number H24-mental-designation-002 (rebuilding)]; and the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology [grant number 271]. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 36 AR 101087 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101087 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HW2EX UT WOS:000466496900005 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Silva, LD Bandeira, RAD Campos, VBG AF Silva, Leandro de Oliveira de Mello Bandeira, Renata Albergaria Gouvea Campos, Vania Barcellos TI Proposal to planning facility location using UAV and geographic information systems in a post-disaster scenario SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE UAV; Relief distribution; Capacity planning ID HUMANITARIAN; LOGISTICS AB Immediately after a natural disaster, several assistance activities are required in the affected areas. The challenges faced in this response phase are numerous, due to the limited availability of resources and the lack of centralized coordination, infrastructure and personnel. In this context, this paper aims to present a procedure for the decision-making process of structuring an aid distribution network in disaster response operations with the application of UAV technologies and geographic information systems (GIS). The procedure is applied to a real-life situations event, taking as basis the characteristics of the post-disaster in the municipally of Duque de Caxias in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2013. Results from the proposed procedure should subsidize the response teams in the design of the distribution network, considering the assessment of the local situation, facility location, vehicle routing and distribution of information in real time. C1 [Silva, Leandro de Oliveira; de Mello Bandeira, Renata Albergaria; Gouvea Campos, Vania Barcellos] Inst Mil Engn, Secao Fortificacao & Construcao SE 2, Programa Posgrad Engn Transportes, 80 Praia Vermelha, BR-22290270 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 36 AR 101080 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101080 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HW2EX UT WOS:000466496900003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tian, HM Tao, YD Pouyanfar, S Chen, SC Shyu, ML AF Tian, Haiman Tao, Yudong Pouyanfar, Samira Chen, Shu-Ching Shyu, Mei-Ling TI Multimodal deep representation learning for video classification SO WORLD WIDE WEB-INTERNET AND WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Multimodal deep learning; Transfer learning; Multi-stage fusion; Disaster management system ID EVENT DETECTION AB Real-world applications usually encounter data with various modalities, each containing valuable information. To enhance these applications, it is essential to effectively analyze all information extracted from different data modalities, while most existing learning models ignore some data types and only focus on a single modality. This paper presents a new multimodal deep learning framework for event detection from videos by leveraging recent advances in deep neural networks. First, several deep learning models are utilized to extract useful information from multiple modalities. Among these are pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for visual and audio feature extraction and a word embedding model for textual analysis. Then, a novel fusion technique is proposed that integrates different data representations in two levels, namely frame-level and video-level. Different from the existing multimodal learning algorithms, the proposed framework can reason about a missing data type using other available data modalities. The proposed framework is applied to a new video dataset containing natural disaster classes. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework compared to some single modal deep learning models as well as conventional fusion techniques. 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S. Uma Sriramya, P. TI Disaster management using evidence-based interactive trust management system for wireless sensor networks by Internet of Things SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Conditional privacy-preserving authentication; Disaster management; Evidence-based interactive trust management system; Internet of Things; Sensor networks ID MODEL AB The advanced technology used in sensor networks has developed the ability to send alerts to initiating instant rescue measures. An emergency medical network is developed based on evidence trust. This proposed system defines node behavior for network establishments. The nodes behave according to this defined behavior during transaction of data. With this objective of preventing the non-behavior nature of node, Evidence-Based Interactive Trust Management System is proposed. This system is essential for communications between autonomous and adaptive nodes at application-level. This approach is well-formulated to support discounting and integrating evidence-based trust reports. The results show no packet forwarding in case of non-trust nodes. The routing of packets happens only among the trustworthy nodes. There is a great drop in throughput approximately zero within few seconds when there are compromised nodes in the network. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Priyadarsini, P. S. Uma; Sriramya, P.] Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Priyadarsini, PSU (reprint author), Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. 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Electr. Eng. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 75 BP 164 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.02.020 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HV8UI UT WOS:000466259200014 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Silva, V Horspool, N AF Silva, Vitor Horspool, Nick TI Combining USGS ShakeMaps and the OpenQuake-engine for damage and loss assessment SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE damage assessment; Loss estimation; OpenQuake; ShakeMaps ID EARTHQUAKES; MODEL; ZEALAND AB The evaluation of the potential impact of strong seismic events shortly after their occurrence is a critical step to organise emergency response and consequently minimise the adverse effects of earthquakes. The estimation of the impact from earthquakes considering the observed ground shaking from past events can be useful for the calibration of existing exposure and/or fragility and vulnerability models. This study describes a methodology to combine the publicly available information from the USGS ShakeMap system and the open-source software OpenQuake engine for the assessment of damage and losses. This approach is employed to estimate the number of structural collapses considering the 2012 Magnitude 5.9 Emilia-Romagna (Italy) earthquake and the aggregated economic loss because of the 2010 Magnitude 7.1 Darfield (New Zealand) event. Several techniques to calculate the ground shaking in the affected region considering the spatial and interperiod correlations in the intra-event ground motion residuals are investigated and their influence in the resulting damage or loss estimates are evaluated. C1 [Silva, Vitor] Global Earthquake Model, Via Ferrata 1, Pavia, Italy. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 48 IS 6 BP 634 EP 652 DI 10.1002/eqe.3154 PG 19 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA HW0MI UT WOS:000466374500004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Limosani, R Manzi, A Faggiani, A Bianchi, M Pagliai, M Ridolfi, A Allotta, B Dario, P Cavallo, F AF Limosani, Raffaele Manzi, Alessandro Faggiani, Alessandro Bianchi, Matteo Pagliai, Marco Ridolfi, Alessandro Allotta, Benedetto Dario, Paolo Cavallo, Filippo TI Low-cost solution in international robotic challenge: Lessons learned by Tuscany Robotics Team at ERL Emergency Robots 2017 SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE emergency response; terrestrial robotics; wheeled robots AB European Robotics League (ERL) Emergency Robots is an outdoor robotics contest focusing on multidomain emergency response scenarios. In this context, the deployed robots are expected to fulfill land, underwater, and flying cooperative tasks which emulate real-world situations inspired by the 2011 Fukushima accident. Participation of the Tuscany Robotics Team at ERL Emergency Robots 2017 was deeply affected by damage to (and resulting unavailability of) the unmanned ground vehicle to be used in the competition. This damage occurred 3 days before the challenge. An entirely new working mobile platform was built from scratch using a low-cost chassis. It was able to compete with the other participants in the challenge and achieved various tasks (similar to 83% of the tasks completed by the best performer). The paper provides a complete description of the work carried out and the system used during the competition. The development was based on low-cost solutions, in particular: Adoption of open-hardware and open-software technology, providing cheap and fast-prototyping solutions. Use of smartphones, allowing sophisticated sensors to be exploited in an affordable way. Employment of Cloud infrastructures, to reduce the computational burden of offloading heavy processes. Results of this experience represent a concrete demonstration, showing that even low-cost solutions can achieve complex tasks, such as those required for the European robotic competition. The presented lessons learned aim to provide guidelines useful for reacting to unexpected events. Finally, the team was honored with the Creativity Award "for building a land robot from scratch in less than 2 days when their ground platform broke." C1 [Limosani, Raffaele; Manzi, Alessandro; Faggiani, Alessandro; Dario, Paolo; Cavallo, Filippo] Scuola Super Sant Anna, BioRobot Inst, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, I-56025 Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, Matteo; Pagliai, Marco; Ridolfi, Alessandro; Allotta, Benedetto] Univ Florence, Dept Ind Engn, Florence, Italy. 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TI A Telemedicine Platform for Disaster Management and Emergency Care SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Strategic Workshop (SW) on Social Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure (SISI) CY MAY 14-16, 2018 CL Tromso, NORWAY DE Telemedicine; Intelligent strategy; Coordination and communication; Fight-or-flight; Active & rebound; ICT; Wireless network AB Disaster or emergency can create unusual circumstances. And usually they are extremely hard to stop. However, an intelligent approach or strategy can limit the damage or causalities and can help in the restoration of the victims. The technology platform is promising for disaster management. But due to continuous innovation and shift in technology, one single platform for disaster still lacks to be settled that promise less depravity. Telemedicine can blend both technology and medical assistance that can aid in analysis, scalability and potential of a particular plan execution as well as in doing priority protocol practice based on victim's conditions, indicators and diagnosis. Distance from approaching a victim and waiting time can be lessened by a fight-or-flight strategy which is active and rebound since it demands coordination and communication between various sectors for compliance and rebuilding with an intelligent strategy. Telemedicine describes the use of medical information exchanged from one site to another via electronic communications to improve patients' health status and care. Its applications in disaster situation likewise earthquake, war etc., required efficient, reliable communication technology such as GPRS, LTE etc. However, transmission losses or delay occur during transmission. Using Friis transmission condition transmission loses can be minimized for efficient communication. This paper proposed a model where telemedicine technology could be helpful especially in the areas the shortage of medical specialist or doctors. C1 [Anwar, Sadia; Prasad, Ramjee] Aarhus Univ, Dept Business Dev & Technol, Herning, Denmark. [Chowdhary, Bhawani Shankar] Mehran Univ Engn & Technol, Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan. [Anjum, M. R.] Islamia Univ Bahawalpur, Univ Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan. RP Anwar, S (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Business Dev & Technol, Herning, Denmark. 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Pers. Commun. PD MAY PY 2019 VL 106 IS 1 SI SI BP 191 EP 204 DI 10.1007/s11277-019-06273-6 PG 14 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA HT9RR UT WOS:000464910800011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zanandrea, F Michel, GP Kobiyama, M Cardozo, GL AF Zanandrea, Franciele Michel, Gean Paulo Kobiyama, Masato Cardozo, Gabriel Lopes TI Evaluation of different DTMs in sediment connectivity determination in the Mascarada River Watershed, southern Brazil SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sediment connectivity; DTM; Landslides; Manning roughness ID DELIVERY; LANDSLIDES; CATCHMENT; LANDSCAPE; RESOLUTION; HAZARD; YIELD AB The study of sediment connectivity based on the geomorphic characteristics of the watershed has gained interest during the last decades. The calculation of connectivity indexes for a mountainous watershed that is normally susceptible to landslides allows the recognition of the unstable areas that have higher connection to any point such as the watershed outlet. Thus, the knowledge of spatial patterns of connectivity within the watershed is very useful in the sediment-related disaster management because the connectivity provides useful information on sediment pathways. The objective of the present study was to test four different global DTMs to compute the sediment connectivity index (IC) in the Mascarada river watershed (320 km(2)), southern Brazil. By analyzing the land use for each pixel, the Manning roughness was determined and used for the weighting factor in IC calculation. Field survey and satellite image analysis showed that 420 landslides occurred in this watershed on January 5th, 2017. The calculated IC value maps demonstrated that the hillslopes with landslide occurrences have higher values of IC. Among the tested DTMs, the one with the highest resolution (12.5-m resolution DTM) showed the best representation of the flow paths with high IC values. For all the resolutions, the IC mean values of the landslides scars were larger compared to the remaining area of the hillslopes, where the landslides occurred, which implies higher connectivity of the landslides to the watershed outlet. The results also showed that the 12.5-m resolution DTM generated the lowest mean and the largest amplitude of IC values, differentiating areas with high and low connectivity. It is concluded that the global DTM (12.5-m) is capable to provide important information on sediment connectivity and that together with a landslide inventory it can be an important tool for sediment management in mountainous watersheds. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zanandrea, Franciele; Michel, Gean Paulo; Kobiyama, Masato; Cardozo, Gabriel Lopes] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, IPH, BR-91509900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Zanandrea, F (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, IPH, BR-91509900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM franciele.zanandrea@ufrgs.br OI Zanandrea, Franciele/0000-0002-4797-1379 FU Brazilian agency CAPESCAPES; CNPQNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [428175/2016-3]; CAPES-ANA [001] FX We thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments which significantly improved the manuscript. This research has been supported by the Brazilian agency CAPES. It was also supported by the CNPQ (Process No. 428175/2016-3) and CAPES-ANA (Programa Pro-Recursos Hidricos, chamada 16/2017, Finance Code 001) projects. And finally we would like to acknowledge Magat Nagelo Junges for the English review. 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This paper presents a study of the impact of sensors' sensing delay, process delay and transmission delay in the estimation of the desired unknown parameter in the WSN. Recently proposed wireless sensor networks, in the literature, assume perfect nodes and links, in view of delay. It means that no consideration has been made about the delay in the sensing, processing and, transmission procedures. The proposed method in this paper analyzes the behavior of the distributed incremental estimation algorithm in the presence of delay in wireless sensor networks. Weighted spatio-temporal energy conservation method is used to evaluate the transient and steady state behavior of the wireless sensor networks with delay without putting any restriction on regressor's distribution. The equations that illustrate mean square deviation (MSD), excess mean square error (EMSE) and mean square error (MSE) behavior of individual nodes, are driven. Also, simulations show that overall delay could be calculated to turn off nodes in some iterations without affecting the performance of the distributed estimation algorithm or adding extra latency to the network, which can improve power management strategies by modifying sleep-wake scheduling protocols. Eventually, it is shown that simulation results have a good match with derived theoretical expressions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tinati, Mohammad Ali] Univ Tabriz, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tabriz, Iran. [Tinati, Mohammad Ali] Univ Tabriz, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Signal Proc Lab, Tabriz, Iran. [Rezaii, Tohid Yousefi] Univ Tabriz, Fac Elect & Comp Engn, Tabriz, Iran. RP Tinati, MA (reprint author), Univ Tabriz, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tabriz, Iran.; Tinati, MA (reprint author), Univ Tabriz, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Signal Proc Lab, Tabriz, Iran. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 88 BP 80 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.dsp.2019.02.006 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA HR7CZ UT WOS:000463310800007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ding, HC Tong, JJ Raskob, W Zhang, LG AF Ding, Hongchun Tong, Jiejuan Raskob, Wolfgang Zhang, Liguo TI An approach for radiological consequence assessment under unified temporal and spatial coordinates considering multi-reactor accidents SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Multi-reactor accident; Accident consequence assessment; Site risk; Temporal-spatial unification; ARCAT; Emergency preparedness ID RISK AB The current approaches and computer code systems for radiological consequence assessment of nuclear accidents have still gaps in assessing consequences of nuclear accidents involving multiple reactors, since multi-reactor accidents should be treated in one unique temporal and spatial system. This paper presents an approach to unify and generalize temporal and spatial coordinates for the consequence assessment of multi-reactor accidents. A code system named Advanced Radiological Consequence Assessment Toolkit (ARCAT) was developed accordingly. ARCAT is intended to support in particular emergency preparedness studies at the nuclear power plant level. To verify ARCAT, an analysis was carried out comparing ARCAT with MELCOR Accident Consequence Code System (MACCS), and the Java-based Real-time Online Decision Support System (JRodos). The results indicate that ARCAT is comparable to MACCS. This means that ARCAT is suitable for off site radiological consequence assessment and able to support emergency preparedness including cliff-edge effects. Further to this, the effects of a unified temporal and spatial coordinate system are discussed to better recognize the impact of such special characteristics of multi-reactor accidents. A preliminary application based on ARCAT is presented, in which the plume emergency planning zone (PEPZ) for a hypothetical site with two reactors is developed. Finally, potential challenges and further research plans are discussed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Hongchun; Tong, Jiejuan; Zhang, Liguo] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Nucl & New Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Ding, Hongchun; Tong, Jiejuan; Zhang, Liguo] Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Nucl Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Ding, Hongchun; Tong, Jiejuan; Zhang, Liguo] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Adv Reactor Engn & Safety, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Raskob, Wolfgang] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kern & Energietech, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany. RP Zhang, LG (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Nucl Sci Bldg D, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM lgzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn OI Zhang, Liguo/0000-0003-0181-9790 FU National Science and Technology Major Project [ZX06901]; Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Multi-module High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors and Establishment of Safety Objectives [2018ZX06902015]; China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council [201706210088] FX This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. ZX06901), the Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Multi-module High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors and Establishment of Safety Objectives (Grant No. 2018ZX06902015), and China Scholarship Council (CSC, 201706210088). 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In this paper, we developed a prototype national-scale Twitter data mining pipeline for improved stakeholder situational awareness during flooding events across Great Britain, by retrieving relevant social geodata, grounded in environmental data sources (flood warnings and river levels). With potential users we identified and addressed three research questions to develop this application, whose components constitute a modular architecture for real-time dashboards. First, polling national flood warning and river level Web data sources to obtain at-risk locations. Secondly, real-time retrieval of geotagged tweets, proximate to at-risk areas. Thirdly, filtering flood-relevant tweets with natural language processing and machine learning libraries, using word embeddings of tweets. We demonstrated the national-scale social geodata pipeline using over 420,000 georeferenced tweets obtained between 20 and 29th June 2016. C1 [Barker, J. L. P.] Univ Dundee, Comp, Queen Mother Bldg,Balfour St, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. [Macleod, C. J. A.] James Hutton Inst, Informat & Computat Sci Grp, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland. RP Macleod, CJA (reprint author), James Hutton Inst, Informat & Computat Sci Grp, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland. EM lukebarker@gmail.com; kit.macleod@hutton.ac.uk FU Data Lab, Edinburgh FX Author contributions: L.B. and C.M. designed the research; L.B. performed the research and analysed the data; and L.B. and C.M. wrote the paper. The research developed from a project for University of Dundee MSc. Data Engineering programme, 2016. We would like to thank Andy Cobley for his joint-supervision of the MSc. project, and Mark Wilkinson for providing comments on this paper. The authors are grateful to colleagues from SEPA for early discussions related to this project and also to the Data Lab, Edinburgh who sponsored the MSc. The Scottish Government's Strategic Research Programme enabled C.M.'s contributions. 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PD MAY PY 2019 VL 115 BP 213 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.11.013 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HO1CW UT WOS:000460643900019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Maharjan, R Hanaoka, S AF Maharjan, Rajali Hanaoka, Shinya TI Fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making to identify the order of establishing temporary logistics hubs during disaster response SO JOURNAL OF HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian supply chain; Facility location problem; Temporary logistics hub; Emergency relief; Multi-attribute group decision making; Order of establishment ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS; ADDITIVE WEIGHTING METHOD; FACILITY LOCATION; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; INVENTORY; SELECTION; SUPPLIES; CHAIN; SITE AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to reveal the importance of the order of establishment of temporary logistics hubs (TLHs) when resources (mobile storage units used as TLHs) are limited and to present the development and implementation of a methodology that determines the order of establishment of TLHs to support post-disaster decision making. Design/methodology/approach - It employed a decision support system that considers multiple decision makers and subjective attributes, while also addressing the impreciseness inherent in post-disaster decision making for ordering the establishment of TLHs. To do so, an optimization model was combined with a fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making approach. A numerical illustration was performed using data from the April 2015 Nepal Earthquake. Findings - The results showed the location and order of establishment of TLHs, and demonstrated the impact of decision makers' opinions on the overall ordering. Research limitations/implications - The study does not discuss the uncertain nature of the location problem and the potential need for relocation of TLHs. Practical implications - This methodology offers managerial insights for post-disaster decision making when resources are limited and their effective utilization is vital. The results highlight the importance of considering the opinions of multiple actors/decision makers to enable coordination and avoid complication between the growing numbers of humanitarian responders during disaster response. Originality/value - This study introduces the concept of the order of establishment of TLHs and demonstrates its importance when resources are limited. It develops and implements a methodology determining the order of establishment of TLHs to support post-disaster decision making. C1 [Maharjan, Rajali] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Int Dev Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Hanaoka, Shinya] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Transdisciplinary Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. RP Maharjan, R (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Int Dev Engn, Tokyo, Japan. EM rajali2000@hotmail.com; hanaoka@ide.titech.ac.jp RI Hanaoka, Shinya/W-6337-2019 OI Hanaoka, Shinya/0000-0002-0462-0149 FU JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [JP17H02037] FX This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant No. JP17H02037. 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Humanist. Logist. Supply Chain Manag. PD APR 30 PY 2019 VL 9 IS 1 BP 2 EP 21 DI 10.1108/JHLSCM-02-2018-0013 PG 20 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HU0YU UT WOS:000464999200001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chong, M Lazo, JGL Pereda, MC De Pina, JMM AF Chong, Mario Lazo Lazo, Juan G. Cristina Pereda, Maria Manuel Machuca De Pina, Juan TI Goal programming optimization model under uncertainty and the critical areas characterization in humanitarian logistics management SO JOURNAL OF HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian logistics; Disaster response; Point of distribution; Stochastical model ID DISASTER RESPONSE; SPHERE PROJECT; RESILIENCE; STRATEGIES AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to improve disaster management models, have an optimal distribution of assets, reduce human suffering in a crisis and find a good solution for warehouse locations, distribution points, inventory levels and costs, considering the uncertainty of a wide range of variables, to serve as a support model for decision making in real situations. Design/methodology/approach - A model is developed based on the recent models. It includes structured and non-structured data (historical knowledge) from a humanitarian perspective. This model considers the uncertainty in a landslide and flood area and it is applied in a representative Peruvian city. Findings - The proposed model can be used to determine humanitarian aid supply and its distribution with uncertainty, regarding the affected population and its resilience. This model presents a different point of view from the efficiency of the logistics perspective, to identify the level of trust between all the stakeholders (public, private and academic). The finding provides a new insight in disaster management to cover the gap between applied research and human behavior in crisis. Research limitations/implications - In this study the access of reliable information is limited. Practical implications - This paper provides an operation model with uncertainty in a humanitarian crisis and a decision-making tool with some recommendation for further public policies. 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Humanist. Logist. Supply Chain Manag. PD APR 30 PY 2019 VL 9 IS 1 BP 82 EP 107 DI 10.1108/JHLSCM-04-2018-0027 PG 26 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HU0YU UT WOS:000464999200005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hashim, HM Ng, YG Talib, O Tamrin, SBM AF Hashim, Hajar Mariah Ng, Yee Guan Talib, Othman Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri Md TI Content validation of flood disaster preparedness action (FDPA) items among small and medium enterprises (SME) business SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESILIENCE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Content validity; Expert panels; Flood preparedness; Item development; Preparedness activities; Small and medium enterprises (SME) ID CONTENT VALIDITY; RELIABILITY AB Purpose This paper aims to present the process of construction and content validity of flood disaster preparedness action (FDPA) items to measure flood preparedness characteristics and activities among the small and medium enterprises (SME). Design/methodology/approach The content validity process involved the act of conceptualization, development and validation. In short, it was implemented to develop the FDPA items that were used to measure flood preparedness at the SME level. The steps began with literature review (adopt and adapt) and judgment of expert panel on the item development process. The list of 54 items was developed. A panel of eight experts rated its content validation during a focus group discussion. Findings In total, 52 items were acceptable to be passed on to the next stage of data collection. The items content validity (I-CVI) measurement of the items was within an acceptable range of more than 0.75, except for two items: Q38 and Q39. The scale content validity (S-CVI) value gave an excellent score of 0.95. Several items with low I-CVI score values for relevancy and clarity were subject to modification. Originality/value This paper demonstrated the initial phase of scale development on FDPA items. This newly developed item allows the integration of several flood disaster preparedness activities construct by review and judgment process by the panel of experts in the field. C1 [Hashim, Hajar Mariah; Ng, Yee Guan; Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri Md] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fak Perubatan & Sains Kesihatan, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. [Talib, Othman] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Educ, Serdang, Malaysia. RP Ng, YG (reprint author), Univ Putra Malaysia, Fak Perubatan & Sains Kesihatan, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. EM mariah.hajar@yahoo.com; shah86zam@upm.edu.my; otalib@upm.edu.my; shamsul_bahri@upm.edu.my FU Geran Universiti Putra Malaysia FX This study was funded by the Geran Universiti Putra Malaysia. 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PD APR 23 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 1 BP 2 EP 13 DI 10.1108/IJDRBE-08-2018-0034 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HT2IV UT WOS:000464387300001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rahman, ML AF Rahman, Mohammad Lutfur TI Risk perception and awareness of earthquake: the case of Dhaka SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESILIENCE IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Risk perception; Awareness; Vulnerability; Risk analysis; Earthquakes; Seismic ID CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES; SEISMIC RISK; PREPAREDNESS; DISASTER; TRUST; COMMUNICATION; ADJUSTMENT; EXPERIENCE; CITY AB Purpose Among the many studies about risk perception, only a few deal with Bangladesh. Paul and Bhuiyan's (2010) study has shown the earthquake-preparedness level of residents of Dhaka, but there are some biases in the data collection. This paper aims to examine the seismic-risk perception and the level of knowledge on earthquake and preparedness among the residents of Dhaka. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was developed, and data collection was undertaken through home and sidewalk surveys. This paper investigates how attitude, perception and behavior differ depending on gender, age, education and casualty awareness. This research tries to examine and make a comparison of the risk perception and preparedness level between different groups of gender, age and level of education. Findings This research shows that female respondents have a much better risk perception of and are better prepared for earthquakes than male respondents; younger people have a higher knowledge about earthquake preparedness than older people and less-educated people are at a higher risk of unpreparedness than more-educated people. Originality/value This paper concludes by noting that public awareness on seismic-risk perception and mitigation is poor, and their knowledge on basic theory and emergency response must be improved. 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J. Disaster Resil. Built Environ. PD APR 23 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 1 BP 65 EP 82 DI 10.1108/IJDRBE-04-2018-0020 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HT2IV UT WOS:000464387300005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Boddupalli, C Sadhu, A Azar, ER Pattyson, S AF Boddupalli, Chanakya Sadhu, Ayan Azar, Ehsan Rezazadeh Pattyson, Scott TI Improved visualization of infrastructure monitoring data using building information modeling SO STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Structural health monitoring (SHM); building information modeling; system identification; long-term monitoring; visualisation tool; Revit; big data ID RELIABILITY; SYSTEM AB With growing complex infrastructure, autonomous condition assessment of large-scale structures has garnered significant attention over the past few decades. Data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques offer valuable information of existing health of the structures, maintain the safety and their uninterrupted use under varied operational conditions by undertaking timely risk and hazard mitigation. Traditional approaches, however, are not enough to monitor a large amount of SHM data and conduct systematic decision making for future maintenance. In this article, building information modeling (BIM) is utilised as a promising computing environment and integrated digital representation platform of SHM that can organize and visualise a considerable amount of sensor data and subsequent structural health information over a prolonged period. A BIM-enabled platform is utilised to develop the proposed visualisation tool for a long-span bridge and enable automated sensor data inventory into the BIM environment. 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PD SEP 2 PY 2019 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1247 EP 1263 DI 10.1080/15732479.2019.1602150 EA APR 2019 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA IL0AM UT WOS:000469662100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rajan, SMP Nellayaputhenpeedika, M Tiwari, SP Vengadasalam, R AF Rajan, Sasi Mary Priya Nellayaputhenpeedika, Mohammedali Tiwari, Surya Prakash Vengadasalam, Radhakrishnan TI Mapping and analysis of the physical vulnerability of coastal Tamil Nadu SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Coastal vulnerability index; coastal disaster management; marine environment; Tamil Nadu coast ID SEA-LEVEL-RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EAST-COAST; INDIA; INDEX; TUTICORIN; CYCLONE; ACCRA; BAY AB This is an integrated study to classify Tamil Nadu Coast in terms of its vulnerability to coastal processes. It is accomplished through estimating Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the entire stretch of the said coast using weighted averages of six parameters, viz., geomorphology, shoreline changes, coastal slope, and relative sea level rise, mean significant wave height and mean tidal range. Thus, CVI evaluates the state of the coast in terms of level of risk hovering on it as and when it is affected by oceanic hazards. The target of this study is to evaluate the vulnerability status of coastal stretches of 35 taluks of Tamil Nadu. Twenty one percent of the coastal stretch is under very high vulnerability level. Following this is 36% stretch under high vulnerability state. Another 34% coastal stretch is in moderate setting. Low vulnerability state prevails about 6%. Further, it is learnt that there are only 2% of Tamil Nadu coastal region coming under the least vulnerable category. The study revealed the very high vulnerability of Nagapattinam coastal region. The present study may also help create awareness among people about marine natural hazards such as coastal erosion, inundation, loss of life and their properties. C1 [Rajan, Sasi Mary Priya; Nellayaputhenpeedika, Mohammedali; Vengadasalam, Radhakrishnan] Bharathidasan Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Tiruchchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India. [Tiwari, Surya Prakash] King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Ctr Environm & Water, Res Inst, Marine Studies Sect, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. RP Vengadasalam, R (reprint author), Bharathidasan Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Tiruchchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India. EM vrkgeologist@gmail.com FU University Grants Commission (UGC) under its scheme of Maulana Azad National Fellowship [F1-17.1/2012-13/MANF-2012-13-CHR-TAM-13890/(SA-III/Website)] FX The first author Sasi Mary Priya Rajan acknowledges the financial support from the University Grants Commission (UGC) under its scheme of Maulana Azad National Fellowship [Contract No. F1-17.1/2012-13/MANF-2012-13-CHR-TAM-13890/(SA-III/Website)] CR Abuodha PA, 2006, INT ASSESSMENTS VULN, P1 Addo KA, 2008, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V63, P543, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.04.001 Addo KA, 2013, J COASTAL RES, P1892, DOI 10.2112/SI65-320.1 Ahammed BKK, 2016, GEOINFORM GEOSTAT OV, V4, P1, DOI [10.4172/2327-4581.1000146, DOI 10.4172/2327-4581.1000146] Alsahli MMM, 2016, GEOGR TIDSSKR-DEN, V116, P56, DOI 10.1080/00167223.2015.1121403 [Anonymous], 2018, ENGLISH NEWS PAPER T Balasundareshwaran A, 2018, COAST ZONE MANAGE, P515 Balica SF, 2012, NAT HAZARDS, V64, P73, DOI 10.1007/s11069-012-0234-1 Bhaskaran PK, 2014, COAST ENG, V83, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2013.10.005 Boateng I, 2017, MAR GEOD, V40, P23, DOI 10.1080/01490419.2016.1261745 CHANDRAMOHAN P, 1992, J COASTAL RES, V8, P775 Chandrasekar N, 2017, 9 INT C GEOM INT ASS, P1 Cooper J, 2012, MARGARET THATCHER AND RONALD REAGAN: A VERY POLITICAL SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP, P117 Dastgheib A, 2014, RELATIVE SEA LEVEL R Davies W. 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Ecol. Risk Assess. DI 10.1080/10807039.2019.1602752 EA APR 2019 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA IB8PZ UT WOS:000470528100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cilliers, DP AF Cilliers, Dirk P. TI Considering flood risk in spatial development planning: A land use conflict analysis approach SO JAMBA-JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK STUDIES LA English DT Article DE flooding; land use conflict analysis; suitability analysis; flood-prone area; disaster management; spatial development planning; South Africa ID MULTICRITERIA AB Flooding is the predominant natural hazard observed in Africa, and it often leads to damage to property and losses in human lives. To ensure that the detrimental effects of flooding are kept to a minimum, flood-prone areas should best be left undeveloped. Spatial development planning is a tool that can assist disaster risk managers in ensuring the aforementioned. This article proposes the use of a land use conflict analysis approach through which flood risk can be considered in spatial development planning in a proactive manner, specifically contributing to the flood risk management effort. A land use conflict analysis approach, relying on a variety of spatial analysis techniques, was used to identify areas that were both suitable for residential development and free from flood risk in the Batlhaping Ba-Ga-Phuduhucwana tribal area in South Africa. It was found that only 8% of the study area met these criteria. A comparison between the identified 8% and the existing spatial development plan for the study area revealed that some of the areas portrayed as suitable for development in the current spatial development plan are in fact flood risk areas. The article illustrates the value that a land use conflict analysis approach might have for flood risk management when integrated with spatial development planning. C1 [Cilliers, Dirk P.] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. RP Cilliers, DP (reprint author), North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. EM dirk.cilliers@nwu.ac.za OI Cilliers, Dirk/0000-0001-9777-0463 CR Belton V., 2002, MULTIPLE CRITERIA DE Bishop I. D., 2010, SPATIALLY ENABLING S Botha D., 2011, DISASTER RISK MANAGE Carr M., 2007, SMART LAND USE ANAL Carr M. H., 2005, J CONSERVATION PLAN, V1, P89 CILLIERS D., 2010, TOWN REGIONAL PLANNI, V57, P1 Coppola DP, 2006, INTRO INT DISASTER M Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), 2011, GEOSP AN PLATF Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DRDLR), 2014, GUID DEV PROV REG MU Dutta V., 2012, 13 ANN GLOB DEV C BU Dutta V, 2012, ENVIRON URBAN ASIA, V3, P277, DOI 10.1177/0975425312473226 Geneletti D, 2008, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V85, P97, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.10.004 Greater Taung Local Municipality, 2015, DRAFT SPAT DEV FRAM Heslop J. 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PD APR 10 PY 2019 VL 11 AR a537 DI 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.537 PG 9 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HV7KH UT WOS:000466159400001 PM 31205614 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Eschenfelder, KR Shankar, K Williams, RD Salo, D Zhang, M Langham, A AF Eschenfelder, Kristin R. Shankar, Kalpana Williams, Rachel D. Salo, Dorothea Zhang, Mei Langham, Allison TI A nine dimensional framework for digital cultural heritage organizational sustainability A content analysis of the LIS literature (2000-2015) SO ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Content analysis; Data and digital repositories; Digital longevity ID PRESERVATION; LIBRARIES; CHALLENGES; MODEL AB Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to report on how library and information science (LIS) as a field operationalizes the concept of organizational sustainability for managing digital resources, projects and infrastructures such as digital libraries and repositories over time. It introduces a nine dimensional framework for organizational sustainability in the digital cultural heritage community. Design/methodology/approach -Content analysis of publications from three LIS databases (2000-2015). Findings -Comparing the articles to the nine dimension framework shows that most LIS articles discuss technology, financial or management dimensions. Fewer articles describe disaster planning, assessment or policy dimensions. Research limitations/implications -Three LIS databases might not include all relevant journals, conferences, white papers and other materials. The data set also did not include books; library management textbooks might include useful material on organizational sustainability. Claims about the prevalence of themes are subject to methodological limits of content analysis. Practical implications -Organizations that steward digital collections need to be clear about what they mean when they are referring to organizational sustainability so that they can make appropriate decisions for future-proofing their collections. The analysis would also suggest for a greater need to consider the full range of dimensions of organizational sustainability. Originality/value -By introducing a new nine dimensional framework of organizational sustainability the authors hope to promote more and better conversations within the LIS community about organizational sustainability. The authors hope these conversations will lead to productive action and improvements in the arrangements of people and work necessary to keep digital projects and services going over time, given ongoing challenges. C1 [Eschenfelder, Kristin R.; Salo, Dorothea; Zhang, Mei; Langham, Allison] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Shankar, Kalpana] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. [Williams, Rachel D.] Simmons Coll, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Eschenfelder, KR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM eschenfelder@wisc.edu; kalpana.shankar@ucd.ie; rachel.williams@simmons.edu; salo@wisc.edu; mzhang48@wisc.edu; lang0636@umn.edu OI Shankar, Kalpana/0000-0001-8788-466X FU Alfred P. Sloan FoundationAlfred P. Sloan Foundation; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; University of Wisconsin-Madision School of Library and Information Science Sarah M. Pritchard Faculty Support Fund FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, and the University of Wisconsin-Madision School of Library and Information Science Sarah M. Pritchard Faculty Support Fund. The authors also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions. 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PD APR 8 PY 2019 VL 43 IS 2 BP 182 EP 196 DI 10.1108/OIR-11-2017-0318 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA HR3TS UT WOS:000463063400001 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Galvez-Rodriguez, MD Haro-de-Rosario, A Garcia-Tabuyo, M Caba-Perez, C AF del Mar Galvez-Rodriguez, Maria Haro-de-Rosario, Arturo Garcia-Tabuyo, Manuela Caba-Perez, Carmen TI Building online citizen engagement for enhancing emergency management in local European government The case of the November 2015 Paris attacks SO ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Participation; Facebook; Crisis; Crisis informatics theory ID SOCIAL MEDIA; CRISIS; COMMUNICATION; INFORMATION; STRATEGIES; SERVICES; ADOPTION; TWITTER; TIME; PAGE AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine European citizen engagement for enhancing emergency management and, more specifically, in the context of the terrorist attacks which occurred in Paris, France on November 15, 2015. To do so, two main research questions are raised. First, are there differences in the levels of citizen engagement between the country affected, France, and other European countries? Second, what factors foster a high level of citizen engagement in France? Design/methodology/approach - First, a comparative content analysis of the Facebook pages of local governments in France and other capital cities of the European Union (EU) was carried. Second, a multivariate regression analysis was performed. Findings - Although the level of online citizen engagement was greater in France than in the other EU cities analyzed, similarities were detected in the messages sent, responses and moment of participation. Moreover, there are certain types of online social behavior that encourage interactive conversations among citizens as well as between citizens and their local governments. Practical implications - This research enables local governments to understand the similarities and differences between citizens and local governments from the affected country and those from outside it when using social media to engage in emergency management. It also provides further insight for managers of local governments in the country affected with regards to the need to be aware of the influence of online collective behavior that emerges from the information they publish. As a result, the attainment of a high level of citizens' participation in their social media can differ. Originality/value - This paper advances in the scarce knowledge of high levels of online engagement (conversational interactions) in emergency situations. C1 [del Mar Galvez-Rodriguez, Maria; Haro-de-Rosario, Arturo; Garcia-Tabuyo, Manuela; Caba-Perez, Carmen] Univ Almeria, Dept Econ & Business, Almeria, Spain. RP Galvez-Rodriguez, MD (reprint author), Univ Almeria, Dept Econ & Business, Almeria, Spain. 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PD APR 8 PY 2019 VL 43 IS 2 BP 219 EP 238 DI 10.1108/OIR-09-2016-0286 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA HR3TS UT WOS:000463063400004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Azcarate, MC AF Azcarate, Matilde Cordoba TI Fueling ecological neglect in a manufactured tourist city: planning, disaster mapping, and environmental art in Cancun, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LA English DT Article DE Climate change; environmental art; disaster mapping; manufactured cities; tourism urban governance ID ANTHROPOCENE; POLITICS AB This article explores how tourism urban governance fuels patterns of ecological neglect. It turns a critical eye on Cancun, a leading Caribbean beach tourist destination and battered epicenter of anthropogenic climate change. First, the article contextualizes Cancun's design and construction as a state development project and manufactured tourist city. It describes the city's socio-spatial segregation and highlights the role of hurricanes in processes of beach enclosure. Second, it explores a series of risk maps elaborated as responses to international demands on coastal disaster mitigation and beach erosion. I show how local authorities, academics, and the Mexican state are bound to disregard risk maps to further enclose the Caribbean beach and keep the city productive for tourism. Finally, I look at the adoption of anthropogenic narratives on climate change as tourist attractions in Cancun's Underwater Museum of Art, a unique coalition between conservation, art and tour-operators in the city. I show that turning sea level rise and ocean acidification into tourist spectacles through copyrighted art, this attraction depoliticizes tourism's responsibility in patterns of environmental degradation. The article serves to reflect on the tacit paradoxes that plague efforts to imagine alternative environmental politics and sustainable tourism urbanisms outside neoliberal trends. C1 [Azcarate, Matilde Cordoba] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Commun, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Azcarate, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Commun, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. 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PD APR 3 PY 2019 VL 27 IS 4 SI SI BP 503 EP 521 DI 10.1080/09669582.2018.1478839 PG 19 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HU5FV UT WOS:000465302700006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lee, KM Jung, K AF Lee, Kyu-Myoung Jung, Kyujin TI Factors Influencing the Response to Infectious Diseases: Focusing on the Case of SARS and MERS in South Korea SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE infectious diseases; meta-analyses; severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS); Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS); South Korea ID NETWORKS AB Following the 2003 the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this research aims to explore and examine the factors influencing the response to infectious diseases, which encompasses both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Through a qualitative research method, this research categorizes the factors as inputs, processes and outputs and applies them into the 2003 SARS and MERS outbreak in South Korea. As the results conducted meta-analyses to comprehensively analyze the correlations of factors influencing disaster response from a Korean context, the findings show that the legislative factor had direct and indirect influence on the overall process of infectious disease response and that Leadership of the central government, establishment of an intergovernmental response system, the need for communication, information sharing and disclosure and onsite response were identified as key factors influencing effective infectious disease response. C1 [Lee, Kyu-Myoung] Korea Univ, Dept Publ Adm, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Jung, Kyujin] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Publ Adm, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Jung, Kyujin] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Grad Sch Governance, Seoul 02841, South Korea. RP Jung, K (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Publ Adm, Seoul 02841, South Korea.; Jung, K (reprint author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Grad Sch Governance, Seoul 02841, South Korea. EM joanna528@korea.ac.kr; kjung1@skku.edu OI Jung, Kyujin/0000-0002-2241-2415 FU Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea; National Research Foundation of KoreaNational Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2016S1A3A2924956] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2016S1A3A2924832) as well as the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2016S1A3A2924956). 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J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD APR 2 PY 2019 VL 16 IS 8 AR 1432 DI 10.3390/ijerph16081432 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HX9RX UT WOS:000467747100125 PM 31013648 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Karam, S Vosselman, G Peter, M Hosseinyalamdary, S Lehtola, V AF Karam, Samer Vosselman, George Peter, Michael Hosseinyalamdary, Siavash Lehtola, Ville TI Design, Calibration, and Evaluation of a Backpack Indoor Mobile Mapping System SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE IMMS; indoor mapping; MLS; mobile laser scanning; SLAM; point clouds; 2D laser scanner; 2D laser range-finder; LiDAR; LRF; sensors configurations AB Indoor mobile mapping systems are important for a wide range of applications starting from disaster management to straightforward indoor navigation. This paper presents the design and performance of a low-cost backpack indoor mobile mapping system (ITC-IMMS) that utilizes a combination of laser range-finders (LRFs) to fully recover the 3D building model based on a feature-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm. Specifically, we use robust planar features. These are advantageous, because oftentimes the final representation of the indoor environment is wanted in a planar form, and oftentimes the walls in an indoor environment physically have planar shapes. In order to understand the potential accuracy of our indoor models and to assess the system's ability to capture the geometry of indoor environments, we develop novel evaluation techniques. In contrast to the state-of-the-art evaluation methods that rely on ground truth data, our evaluation methods can check the internal consistency of the reconstructed map in the absence of any ground truth data. 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PD APR 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 8 AR 905 DI 10.3390/rs11080905 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HX8HK UT WOS:000467646800015 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kumlu, KBY Tudes, S AF Kumlu, Kadriye Burcu Yavuz Tudes, Sule TI Determination of earthquake-risky areas in Yalova City Center (Marmara region, Turkey) using GIS-based multicriteria decision-making techniques (analytical hierarchy process and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Earthquake-based urban planning; GIS-based MCDM; Marmara region; Disaster mitigation ID MULTIPLE-ATTRIBUTE DECISION; PROCESS AHP; FLOOD RISK; FUZZY AHP; HAZARD; VULNERABILITY; INFORMATION; FRAMEWORK; SELECTION; SYSTEMS AB Disaster mitigation as a pre-disaster measure within the scope of disaster risk management is significant in the sense of reducing the adverse effects of earthquakes in the context of earthquake-sensitive risk planning. In the urban planning context, the existence of numerous decision makers and alternatives, which are depending on many criteria, makes decision-making process difficult. This difficulty was overcomed through geographical information systems (GIS). In the context of GIS-based multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis, we used analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to determine earthquake-risky areas in Yalova City Center. First, AHP analysis related to geological and superstructure/infrastructure criteria was conducted and two separate AHP maps were obtained. Then, we conducted TOPSIS analysis to consider both criteria in the sense of earthquake risk-sensitive planning. Then, overall earthquake risk map obtained which could be used as an input for disaster mitigation processes. C1 [Kumlu, Kadriye Burcu Yavuz; Tudes, Sule] Gazi Univ, Dept City & Reg Planning, Eti Mah Yukselis Sok 5, Ankara, Turkey. 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Hazards PD APR PY 2019 VL 96 IS 3 BP 999 EP 1018 DI 10.1007/s11069-019-03583-7 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA IJ2CI UT WOS:000475705400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Diaz, HL Imitola, KA Amado, RJA AF Lamos Diaz, Henry Aguilar Imitola, Karin Acosta Amado, Rolando Jose TI OR/MS research perspectives in disaster operations management: a literature review SO REVISTA FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA-UNIVERSIDAD DE ANTIOQUIA LA English DT Review DE Disaster; emergency management; humanitarian logistics; operations research ID VIABLE SYSTEM MODEL; P-CENTER MODEL; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; ROBUST OPTIMIZATION; RELIEF DISTRIBUTION; HUMANITARIAN OPERATIONS; STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION; LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT; GENETIC ALGORITHM; FACILITY LOCATION AB The unpredictability of natural disasters makes handling their impacts on the population, the environment and the economic resources a challenging decision-making process that must be wisely performed in a very short period of time. An adequate management of operations to disaster response is challenging for decision makers and it has become a topic of significant relevance on a worldwide basis. As a result, academics and practitioners in the field of OR/MS have increased their interest in developing tools to support the decision-making processes on a disaster scenario. This paper surveys the OR/MS literature to identify new trends of increasing interest in disaster operations management (DOM) that have emerged in the last years. A discussion on the gaps that have been successfully addressed in the last years and those that remain opened is also presented. Among the main findings, the recent use of methodologies based on data analysis, such as machine learning and data mining, to address DOM problems was identified. Moreover, a significant increase in the study of operations in the recovery phase and the inclusion of humanitarian objectives in mathematical models was established. C1 [Lamos Diaz, Henry; Aguilar Imitola, Karin] Univ Ind Santander, Fac Ingn Fisicomecan, Escuela Estudios Ind & Empresariales, Cra 27 Calle 9, Bucaramanga 678, Colombia. [Acosta Amado, Rolando Jose] Univ ICESI, Fac Ingn, Dept Ingn Ind, Calle 18 122-135 Pance, Cali 25608, Colombia. RP Imitola, KA (reprint author), Univ Ind Santander, Fac Ingn Fisicomecan, Escuela Estudios Ind & Empresariales, Cra 27 Calle 9, Bucaramanga 678, Colombia. 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Fac. Ing.-Univ. Antioquia PD APR-JUN PY 2019 IS 91 BP 43 EP 59 DI 10.17533/udea.redin.n91a05 PG 17 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA IJ2BH UT WOS:000475702700005 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Das, B Pal, SC Malik, S Chakrabortty, R AF Das, Biswajit Pal, Subodh Chandra Malik, Sadhan Chakrabortty, Rabin TI Living with floods through geospatial approach: a case study of Arambag C.D. Block of Hugli District, West Bengal, India SO SN APPLIED SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Flood; Shelter site; Arambag; GIS ID DISASTER MANAGEMENT; SELECTION AB Arambag community development block (C.D. Block) is situated in the interfluvial zone of Damodar and Dwarkeswar River, which is one of the flood-prone areas of West Bengal. Despite the frequent flood problems, population of this region is very high due to the fertile floodplains, on which people are dependent for their livelihood. During the floods, people generally take shelter in nearby safe places, where they can find food, health assistance and safety. School, government buildings, community halls generally act as evacuation shelters due to its limited use. Present study aims to identify the optimal location of shelters during the flood hazards through geospatial techniques. Several factors are analyzed through the analytical hierarchy process to identify their relative importance, finally overlay analysis is done in the geospatial environment to find out the proper locations. Various sites have been identified, out of which most suitable locations have been proposed after the field verification. C1 [Das, Biswajit; Pal, Subodh Chandra; Malik, Sadhan; Chakrabortty, Rabin] Univ Burdwan, Dept Geog, Burdwan 713104, W Bengal, India. RP Pal, SC (reprint author), Univ Burdwan, Dept Geog, Burdwan 713104, W Bengal, India. EM biswajitdas1119@gmail.com; geo.subodh@gmail.com; sadhanmalik06@gmail.com; rabingeo8@gmail.com OI Chakrabortty, Rabin/0000-0002-6323-4838; Pal, Subodh Chandra/0000-0003-0805-8007 CR Apte A., 2009, TRENDS TECHNOL INF O, V3, P1, DOI DOI 10.1561/0200000014 Chandes J, 2010, J MANUF TECHNOL MANA, V21, P320, DOI 10.1108/17410381011024313 Das B, 2018, SPAT INF RES, V26, P91, DOI 10.1007/s41324-017-0157-8 Davis I., 1978, SHELTER DISASTER Dewan A., 2013, FLOODS MEGACITY GEOS Ferreira S, 2011, POLICY RES WORKING P Government of West Bengal, 2015, ANN FLOOD REP 2015 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, 2011, TRANS SHELT 8 DES Kale VS, 2014, SINGAPORE J TROP GEO, V35, P161, DOI 10.1111/sjtg.12060 Kar B, 2008, T GIS, V12, P227, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2008.01097.x Nappi MML, 2015, NAT HAZARDS, V75, P2421, DOI 10.1007/s11069-014-1437-4 Malczewski J., 2015, MULTICRITERIA DECISI Malczewski J, 2006, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V20, P703, DOI 10.1080/13658810600661508 Mallick DL, 2005, IDS BULL-I DEV STUD, V36, P53, DOI 10.1111/j.1759-5436.2005.tb00234.x Mirza M. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 1 IS 4 AR 329 DI 10.1007/s42452-019-0345-3 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA IG1OP UT WOS:000473561200048 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Roth, F Prior, T AF Roth, Florian Prior, Timothy TI Utility of Virtual Operation Support Teams: an international survey SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB No other disaster management h practice has undergone as much change than has emergency communication. The components of emergency communication, from situational awareness, to response coordination and public information provision are influenced by factors that are fundamentally different from 20 or even ten years ago It is a fast-evolving environment, involving new technologies and changing communication preferences Adapting to a highly dynamic and demanding information environment takes up resources from other activities One response to this rapid change has been the establishment of Virtual Operation Support Teams to monitor social media, support situational awareness, counter rumours and disseminate official communication To date, the establishment, utility and added value of these teams has not been the subject of research. This paper examines the evolution of Virtual Operation Support Teams across the globe and how they are being used in seven countries The paper suggests ways that governments and emergency management authorities can support similar teams and how integration with formal operations might be managed. This may assist countries where Virtual Operation Support Teams are not yet established or where teams are only activated during an emergency event. C1 [Roth, Florian; Prior, Timothy] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Secur Studies, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Roth, F (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Secur Studies, Zurich, Switzerland. OI Roth, Florian/0000-0002-5287-6448 CR Alexander DE, 2014, SCI ENG ETHICS, V20, P717, DOI 10.1007/s11948-013-9502-z Cobb C, 2014, P 17 ACM C COMP SUPP Giroux J, 2013, USING ICT SOCIAL MED Heinzelman J, 2010, SPECIAL REPORT, P252 Hughes A. L, 2014, P 32 ANN ACM C HUM F, P1505, DOI DOI 10.1145/2556288.2557227 Hustinx L, 2011, VOLUNT SECT REV, V2, P5, DOI 10.1332/204080511X560594 McLennan B, 2016, NAT HAZARDS, V84, P2031, DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2532-5 Meier P, 2010, HAITI POWER CROWDSOU Meier P., 2015, DIGITAL HUMANITARIAN Palen L, 2007, CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2, P727 Paris C, 2011, P CHI EA 11 C HUM FA, DOI [10.1145/1979742.1979878, DOI 10.1145/1979742.1979878] Putnam RD, 2000, CULTURE AND POLITICS, P223, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-62397-6_12 Reutter S, 2012, WHAT IS VIRTUAL OPER Tan ML, 2017, INT J DISAST RISK RE, V24, P297, DOI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.06.009 Turner RH, 1975, ORGANIZED BEHAV DISA Waldman S, 2016, DRDCRDDC2015R271 Whittaker J, 2015, INT J DISAST RISK RE, V13, P358, DOI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010 Ziemke J, 2012, J MAP GEOGRAPHY LIB, V8 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AUSTRALIAN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT INST PI EAST MELBOURNE PA LEVEL 1, 340 ALBERT ST, EAST MELBOURNE, VIC 3002, AUSTRALIA SN 1324-1540 J9 AUST J EMERG MANAG JI Aust. J. Emerg. Manag. PD APR PY 2019 VL 34 IS 2 BP 53 EP 59 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ID9NR UT WOS:000472014600017 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Odai, ED Azodo, CC Chhabra, KG AF Odai, Emeka Danielson Azodo, Chinedu Clement Chhabra, Kumar Gaurav TI Disaster Management: Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Willingness, and Preparedness among Nigerian Dentists SO PREHOSPITAL AND DISASTER MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE dentists; disaster management; disaster preparedness; workforce planning ID DENTAL PROFESSIONALS; BIOTERRORISM AB Objective: This study's objective was to explore the disaster management knowledge, attitude, behavior, willingness, and assistance among Nigerian dentists. Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in Edo State (Nigeria) among selected Nigerian dentists that attended the Annual Scientific Conference of School of Dentistry, University of Benin (Benin City, Nigeria) between 2016 and 2017. The 54-item, modified Chhabra, et al disaster management questionnaire, which elicited information on demographic characteristics, disaster management knowledge, attitude, preparedness, and willingness, was the data collection tool. Results: A total of 126 dentists participated in the study, giving a 68.1% retrieval rate. The willingness to render assistance in the case of disaster among the participants was 95.2%. More than three-quarters (81.0%) reported that they had not received any disaster management training and 92.9% reported that they were not familiar with any government paper on response to disaster. The mean disaster management knowledge and attitude scores were 16.95 (SD = 0.40) and 34.62 (SD = 0.56), respectively. Disaster management knowledge had positive significant correlation with attitude and behavior. The disaster management attitude had positive significant correlation with behavior and negative significant correlation with preparedness. Disaster management behavior had positive significant correlation with preparedness and willingness to render assistance. Willingness to render assistance had significant correlation with preparedness. Conclusion: Data from this study revealed high-level of willingness to render assistance in disaster, high disaster management attitude, but with low disaster management knowledge, behavior, and preparedness. The significant correlation between knowledge, attitude, behavior, and preparedness implies that training will offer immense benefit. C1 [Odai, Emeka Danielson] Univ Benin, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Teaching Hosp, Benin, Nigeria. [Azodo, Chinedu Clement] Univ Benin, Dept Periodont, Teaching Hosp, Benin, Edo State, Nigeria. [Chhabra, Kumar Gaurav] MM Coll Dent Sci & Res, Dept Publ Hlth Dent, Ambala, Haryana, India. RP Azodo, CC (reprint author), Univ Benin, Dept Periodont, Teaching Hosp, Benin, Edo State, Nigeria. EM clement.azodo@uniben.edu CR Acharya AB, 2015, J DENT SPECIALTIES, V3, P89 [Anonymous], 2014, MORAL PHILOS POLITIC, V1, P83 Bhoopathi V, 2010, J DENT EDUC, V74, P1319 Chhabra KG, 2015, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V30, P569, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X15005208 Chmar Jacqueline E, 2004, J Dent Educ, V68, P1196 Cochran WG, 1977, SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Coule Phillip L, 2007, Dent Clin North Am, V51, P819, DOI 10.1016/j.cden.2007.06.006 Fielding CG, 2002, J FORENSIC SCI, V47, P381 Flores Salvador, 2003, Dent Clin North Am, V47, P733 Giddon DB, 2004, J AM DENT ASSOC, V135, P438, DOI 10.14219/jada.archive.2004.0208 Gustafson G., 1962, AUST DENT J, V7, P293, DOI DOI 10.1111/J.1834-7819.1962.TB04217.X Janssen Julie Ann, 2007, Dent Clin North Am, V51, P779, DOI 10.1016/j.cden.2007.06.009 Johnson-Campbell M, 2007, W INDIAN MED J, V56, P346 Kate AR, 2006, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V21, P404, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X00004118 Katz AR, 2006, J AM DENT ASSOC, V137, P461, DOI 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0217 Katz AR, 2004, J FORENSIC SCI, V47, P117 Kolude B, 2010, Ann Ib Postgrad Med, V8, P111 Kondo S, 2006, AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL, V129, P196, DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20271 Mosca Nicholas G, 2007, Dent Clin North Am, V51, P871, DOI 10.1016/j.cden.2007.06.005 Poster E, 2005, J CHILD ADOL PS NURS, V18, P1, DOI 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2005.00010.x Pretty IA, 2001, BRIT DENT J, V190, P359, DOI 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800972a Psoter WJ, 2008, J AM DENT ASSOC, V139, P1067, DOI 10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0309 Rajesh G, 2012, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V27, P439, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X12001069 Scott TE, 2008, BIOSECUR BIOTERROR, V6, P253, DOI 10.1089/bsp.2008.0014 Stewart Amy, 2007, Dent Clin North Am, V51, P857, DOI 10.1016/j.cden.2007.06.001 WHO, 1999, COMM EM PREP MAN MAN NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1049-023X EI 1945-1938 J9 PREHOSP DISASTER MED JI Prehospital Disaster Med. PD APR PY 2019 VL 34 IS 2 BP 132 EP 136 DI 10.1017/S1049023X19000074 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA ID6TE UT WOS:000471811200004 PM 30968803 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liguori, N Tarque, N Bambaren, C Santa-Cruz, S Palomino, J Laterza, M AF Liguori, Nicola Tarque, Nicola Bambaren, Celso Santa-Cruz, Sandra Palomino, Juan Laterza, Michelangelo TI Basic Seismic Response Capability of Hospitals in Lima, Peru SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE disasters; earthquakes; emergency preparedness; hospitals; risk assessment ID DECISION-SUPPORT; EARTHQUAKE; SYSTEM; IMPACT AB ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to research the basic seismic response capability (BSRC) of hospitals in Lima Metropolitana. A large number of wounded could be registered in case of an earthquake; therefore, operational hospitals are necessary to cure the injured. The study focused on the operational performance of the hospitals, autonomies of essential resources such as power, water, medical gases, and medicine, in addition to the availability of emergency communication system and ambulances.MethodsData by a probabilistic seismic risk analysis have been used to assess the operational level of the hospitals. Subsequently, availability of an essential resource has been combined with the immediately operational hospitals to evaluate the BSRC of the health facilities.ResultsForty-one of Lima's hospitals have been analyzed for a seismic event with 72-100 years of a return period. Three hospitals (7.3%) were capable to work in a self-sufficient manner for 72 hours, another three (7.3%) for 24 hours, and one (2.4%) for 12 hours.ConclusionResults showed a low performance of the hospitals in case of an earthquake. The issue is due to the high seismic vulnerability of the existing structures. Given the importance of Lima city in Peru, structural and nonstructural retrofitting plans should be implemented to improve the preparedness of the health system in case of an emergency. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:138-143) C1 [Liguori, Nicola; Tarque, Nicola; Santa-Cruz, Sandra; Palomino, Juan] Pontifical Catholic Univ Peru, Dept Civil Engn, Av Univ 1801, Lima 32, Peru. [Bambaren, Celso] Cayetano Heredia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Adm, Lima, Peru. [Laterza, Michelangelo] Univ Basilicata, Dept Architecture DiCEM, Matera, Italy. RP Tarque, N (reprint author), Pontifical Catholic Univ Peru, Dept Civil Engn, Av Univ 1801, Lima 32, Peru. EM sntarque@pucp.edu.pe RI BAMBAREN, CELSO VLADIMIR/C-1873-2016 OI BAMBAREN, CELSO VLADIMIR/0000-0001-8315-554X; Tarque, Nicola/0000-0002-1029-9240 FU ELARCH scholarship; Erasmus Mundus Action 2 Partnership (EMA2) by the European Commission; European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre [552129-EM-1-2014-1-IT-ERA MUNDUS-EMA21]; World Bank [70244-0034]; DGI-PUCP: "Evaluacion Probabilistica del Riesgo Sismico de Escuelas y Hospitales de la Ciudad de Lima" FX This study herein presented is granted by the ELARCH scholarship and mobility, a project funded under the Erasmus Mundus Action 2 Partnership (EMA2) by the European Commission and coordinated by the University of Basilicata (www.elarch.org). ELARCH project: Reference number 552129-EM-1-2014-1-IT-ERA MUNDUS-EMA21 is funded with support of the European Commission. This document reflects the viewpoint of the author only, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.; Furthermore, part of the data was based on the Project 70244-0034 partially funded by World Bank and DGI-PUCP: "Evaluacion Probabilistica del Riesgo Sismico de Escuelas y Hospitales de la Ciudad de Lima." 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2019 VL 13 IS 2 BP 138 EP 143 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.47 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IC9RL UT WOS:000471321100010 PM 30022740 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Alsamhi, SH Ansari, MS Ma, O Almalki, F Gupta, SK AF Alsamhi, Saeed Hamood Ansari, Mohd Samar Ma, Ou Almalki, Faris Gupta, Sachin Kumar TI Tethered Balloon Technology in Design Solutions for Rescue and Relief Team Emergency Communication Services SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE ad hoc; disaster; emergency communication; OPNET; rescue and relief team; tethered balloon ID ALTITUDE PLATFORM; DISASTER AB The actions taken at the initial times of a disaster are critical. Catastrophe occurs because of terrorist acts or natural hazards which have the potential to disrupt the infrastructure of wireless communication networks. Therefore, essential emergency functions such as search, rescue, and recovery operations during a catastrophic event will be disabled. We propose tethered balloon technology to provide efficient emergency communication services and reduce casualty mortality and morbidity for disaster recovery. The tethered balloon is an actively developed research area and a simple solution to support the performance, facilities, and services of emergency medical communication. The most critical requirement for rescue and relief teams is having a higher quality of communication services which enables them to save people's lives. Using our proposed technology, it has been reported that the performance of rescue and relief teams significantly improved. OPNET Modeler 14.5 is used for a network simulated with the help of ad hoc tools (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:203-210). C1 [Alsamhi, Saeed Hamood] Tsinghua Univ, Aerosp Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China. 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2019 VL 13 IS 2 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.19 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IC9RL UT WOS:000471321100020 PM 29789025 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Veenema, TG Boland, F Patton, D O'Connor, T Moore, Z Schneider-Firestone, S AF Veenema, Tener Goodwin Boland, Fiona Patton, Declan O'Connor, Tom Moore, Zena Schneider-Firestone, Sarah TI Analysis of Emergency Health Care Workforce and Service Readiness for a Mass Casualty Event in the Republic of Ireland SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE health care providers; major emergency; prehospital care; preparedness; workforce development ID DISASTER PREPAREDNESS; SURGE CAPACITY; NURSES; COMPETENCE; INCIDENTS; MEDICINE; LESSONS AB ObjectiveUltimately, a country's capacity for a large-scale major emergency response will be directly related to the competence of its health care provider (HCP) workforce and communication between emergency responders and hospitals. The purpose of this study was to assess HCP preparedness and service readiness for a major emergency involving mass casualties (mass casualty event or MCE) in Ireland.MethodsA cross-sectional study using a 53-item survey was administered to a purposive sample of emergency responders and HCPs in the Republic of Ireland. Data collection was achieved using the Qualtrics((R)) Research Suite. Descriptive statistics and appropriate tests of comparison between professional disciplines were conducted using Stata 13.ResultsA total of 385 respondents, registered nurses (43.4%), paramedics (37.9%), medical doctors (10.1%), and administrators/managers (8.6%), participated in the study. In general, a level of knowledge of MCEs and knowledge of clinical response activities and self-assessed clinical competence varied drastically across many aspects of the survey. Knowledge and confidence also varied across professional disciplines (P<0.05) with nurses, in general, reporting the least knowledge and/or confidence.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that serious deficits exist in HCP knowledge, skills, and self-perceived abilities to participate in a large-scale MCE. Results also suggest a poor knowledge base of existing major emergency response plans. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:243-255) C1 [Veenema, Tener Goodwin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Dept Acute & Chron Care, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schneider-Firestone, Sarah] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, SPAN Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Boland, Fiona] Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Data Sci Ctr, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Patton, Declan; O'Connor, Tom; Moore, Zena] Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, RCSI Sch Nursing, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Veenema, TG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Dept Acute & Chron Care, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM tveenem1@jhu.edu FU Fulbright U.S. Scholar grant; Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program; Council for International Exchange of Scholars (CIES), Institute of International Education (IIE), Washington, DC; Fulbright Commission of Ireland, Dublin FX This study was funded by a Fulbright U.S. Scholar grant, Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program, Council for International Exchange of Scholars (CIES), Institute of International Education (IIE), Washington, DC, in collaboration with the Fulbright Commission of Ireland, Dublin. 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2019 VL 13 IS 2 BP 243 EP 255 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.45 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IC9RL UT WOS:000471321100026 PM 29781406 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Freeman, JD Blacker, B Hatt, G Tan, S Ratcliff, J Woolf, TB Tower, C Barnett, DJ AF Freeman, Jeffrey D. Blacker, Brigette Hatt, Grace Tan, Sophia Ratcliff, Jeremy Woolf, Thomas B. Tower, Craig Barnett, Daniel J. TI Use of Big Data and Information and Communications Technology in Disasters: An Integrative Review SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Review DE information communication technology; big data; disasters; humanitarian aid; public health ID EMERGENCY RESPONSE; HURRICANE KATRINA; SUPPORT-SYSTEM; ICT SUPPORT; MANAGEMENT; EARTHQUAKE; RECOVERY; MEDIA; GIS; NETWORKS AB Novel approaches to improving disaster response have begun to include the use of big data and information and communication technology (ICT). However, there remains a dearth of literature on the use of these technologies in disasters. We have conducted an integrative literature review on the role of ICT and big data in disasters. Included in the review were 113 studies that met our predetermined inclusion criteria. Most studies used qualitative methods (39.8%, n=45) over mixed methods (31%, n=35) or quantitative methods (29.2%, n=33). Nearly 80% (n=88) covered only the response phase of disasters and only 15% (n=17) of the studies addressed disasters in low- and middle-income countries. The 4 most frequently mentioned tools were geographic information systems, social media, patient information, and disaster modeling. We suggest testing ICT and big data tools more widely, especially outside of high-income countries, as well as in nonresponse phases of disasters (eg, disaster recovery), to increase an understanding of the utility of ICT and big data in disasters. Future studies should also include descriptions of the intended users of the tools, as well as implementation challenges, to assist other disaster response professionals in adapting or creating similar tools. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:353-367) C1 [Ratcliff, Jeremy] Johns Hopkins Univ, Krieger Sch Arts & Sci, Program Publ Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Woolf, Thomas B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Blacker, Brigette; Hatt, Grace; Tan, Sophia] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Freeman, Jeffrey D.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Humanitarian Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Tower, Craig; Barnett, Daniel J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth & Engn, 615 North Wolfe St,Room E7036, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Barnett, DJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth & Engn, 615 North Wolfe St,Room E7036, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2019 VL 13 IS 2 BP 353 EP 367 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.73 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IC9RL UT WOS:000471321100038 PM 30047353 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Quinn, E Hsiao, K Truman, G Rose, N Broome, R AF Quinn, Emma Hsiao, Kai Truman, George Rose, Nectarios Broome, Richard TI Lessons Learnt From Exercise Celestial Navigation: The Application of a Geographic Information System to Inform Legionnaires' Disease Control Activity SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE communicable diseases; outbreaks; emergency preparedness; geographic mapping ID OUTBREAK AB Geographic information systems (GIS) have emerged in the past few decades as a technology capable of assisting in the control of infectious disease outbreaks. A Legionnaires' disease cluster investigation in May 2016 in Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), Australia, demonstrated the importance of using GIS to identify at-risk water sources in real-time for field investigation to help control any immediate environmental health risk, as well as the need for more staff trained in the use of this technology. Sydney Local Health District Public Health Unit (PHU) subsequently ran an exercise (based on this investigation) with 11 staff members from 4 PHUs across Sydney to further test staff capability to use GIS across NSW. At least 80% of exercise participants reported that the scenario progression was realistic, assigned tasks were clear, and sufficient data were provided to complete tasks. The exercise highlighted the multitude of geocoding applications and need for inter-operability of systems, as well as the need for trained staff with specific expertise in spatial analysis to help assist in outbreak control activity across NSW. Evaluation data demonstrated the need for a common GIS, regular education and training, and guidelines to support the collaborative use of GIS for infectious disease epidemiology in NSW. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:372-374) C1 [Quinn, Emma; Hsiao, Kai] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Publ Hlth Unit, Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. [Truman, George] Nepean Blue Mt Local Hlth Dist, Publ Hlth Unit, Penrith, NSW, Australia. [Rose, Nectarios] Hlth Protect NSW, Communicable Dis Branch, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Broome, Richard] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Publ Hlth Observ, Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. RP Quinn, E (reprint author), Sydney Local Hlth, Publ Hlth Unit, Biopreparedness, Dist Level 9 North,KGV Bldg,Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. 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Med. Public Health Prep. PD APR PY 2019 VL 13 IS 2 BP 372 EP 374 DI 10.1017/dmp.2018.40 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA IC9RL UT WOS:000471321100040 PM 29716666 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Corral-De-Witt, D Carrera, EV Munoz-Romero, S Tepe, K Rojo-Alvarez, JL AF Corral-De-Witt, Danilo Carrera, Enrique, V Munoz-Romero, Sergio Tepe, Kemal Luis Rojo-Alvarez, Jose TI Multiple Correspondence Analysis of Emergencies Attended by Integrated Security Services SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE public-safety answering point; first-response institutions; multiple correspondence analysis; ECU-911; Parzen windows; bootstrap resampling AB A public safety answering point (PSAP) receives thousands of security alerts and attends a similar number of emergencies every day, and all the information related to those events is saved to be post-processed and scrutinized. Visualization and interpretation of emergency data can provide fundamental feedback to the first-response institutions, to managers planning resource distributions, and to all the instances participating in the emergency-response cycle. This paper develops the application of multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) of emergency responses in a PSAP, with the objective of finding informative relationships among the different categories of registered and attended events. We propose a simple yet statistically meaningful method to scrutinize the variety of events and recorded information in conventional PSAPs. For this purpose, MCA is made on the categorical features of the available report forms, and a statistical description is achieved from it by combining bootstrap resampling and Parzen windowing, in order to provide the user with the most relevant factors, their significance, and a meaningful representation of the event grouping trends in a given database. We analyzed the case of the 911-emergency database from Quito, Ecuador, which includes 1,078,846 events during 2014. Individual analysis of the first-response institutions showed that there are groups with very related categories, whereas their joint analysis showed significant relationships among several types of events. This was the case for fire brigades, military, and municipal services attending large-scale forest fires, where they work in a combined way. Independence could be established among actions in other categories, which was the case for specific police events (as drug selling and distribution) or fire brigades events (as fire threats). We also showed that a very low number of factors can be enough to accurately represent the dynamics of frequent events. C1 [Corral-De-Witt, Danilo; Carrera, Enrique, V] Univ Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Dept Elect & Electron, Sangolqui 171103, Ecuador. [Corral-De-Witt, Danilo; Munoz-Romero, Sergio; Luis Rojo-Alvarez, Jose] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Teoria Serial & Comunicac Sistemas Telemat &, Fuenlabrada 28943, Spain. [Munoz-Romero, Sergio; Luis Rojo-Alvarez, Jose] Univ Politecn Madrid, Ctr Computat Simulat, E-28660 Madrid, Spain. [Tepe, Kemal] Univ Windsor, Dept Elect Engn, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Corral-De-Witt, D (reprint author), Univ Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Dept Elect & Electron, Sangolqui 171103, Ecuador.; Corral-De-Witt, D (reprint author), Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Teoria Serial & Comunicac Sistemas Telemat &, Fuenlabrada 28943, Spain. EM drcorral@espe.edu.ec; evcarrera@espe.edu.ec; sergio.munoz@urjc.es; ktepe@uwindsor.ca; joseluis.rojo@urjc.es RI Munoz-Romero, Sergio/Y-6827-2019 OI Munoz-Romero, Sergio/0000-0003-1356-2646; Rojo-Alvarez, Jose Luis/0000-0003-0426-8912; Carrera, Enrique/0000-0001-7519-3167 FU Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE [2015-PIC-004]; Spanish GovernmentSpanish Government [TEC2013-48439-C4-1-R, TEC2016-75161-C2-1-R, TEC2016-81900-REDT]; PRICAM from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain [S2013/ICE-2933] FX This work was partly supported by the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE under Research Grant 2015-PIC-004, and also by Research Grants PRINCIPIAS, FINALE, and KERMES (TEC2013-48439-C4-1-R, TEC2016-75161-C2-1-R, and TEC2016-81900-REDT) from Spanish Government and PRICAM (S2013/ICE-2933) from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain. 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Sci.-Basel PD APR 1 PY 2019 VL 9 IS 7 AR 1396 DI 10.3390/app9071396 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA HW2VN UT WOS:000466547500131 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ulrichs, M Slater, R Costella, C AF Ulrichs, Martina Slater, Rachel Costella, Cecilia TI Building resilience to climate risks through social protection: from individualised models to systemic transformation SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE cash transfers; climate; Ethiopia; Kenya; resilience; social protection; Uganda AB This article analyses the role of social protection programmes in contributing to people's resilience to climate risks. Drawing from desk-based and empirical studies in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda, it finds that social transfers make a strong contribution to the capacity of individuals and households to absorb the negative impacts of climate-related shocks and stresses. 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TI Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Flood Extent Mapping Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Data SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; convolutional neural networks; floodplain mapping; fully convolutional network; unmanned aerial vehicles; geospatial data processing ID CLASSIFICATION AB Flooding is one of the leading threats of natural disasters to human life and property, especially in densely populated urban areas. Rapid and precise extraction of the flooded areas is key to supporting emergency-response planning and providing damage assessment in both spatial and temporal measurements. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology has recently been recognized as an efficient photogrammetry data acquisition platform to quickly deliver high-resolution imagery because of its cost-effectiveness, ability to fly at lower altitudes, and ability to enter a hazardous area. Different image classification methods including SVM (Support Vector Machine) have been used for flood extent mapping. In recent years, there has been a significant improvement in remote sensing image classification using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). CNNs have demonstrated excellent performance on various tasks including image classification, feature extraction, and segmentation. CNNs can learn features automatically from large datasets through the organization of multi-layers of neurons and have the ability to implement nonlinear decision functions. This study investigates the potential of CNN approaches to extract flooded areas from UAV imagery. A VGG-based fully convolutional network (FCN-16s) was used in this research. The model was fine-tuned and a k-fold cross-validation was applied to estimate the performance of the model on the new UAV imagery dataset. This approach allowed FCN-16s to be trained on the datasets that contained only one hundred training samples, and resulted in a highly accurate classification. Confusion matrix was calculated to estimate the accuracy of the proposed method. The image segmentation results obtained from FCN-16s were compared from the results obtained from FCN-8s, FCN-32s and SVMs. Experimental results showed that the FCNs could extract flooded areas precisely from UAV images compared to the traditional classifiers such as SVMs. The classification accuracy achieved by FCN-16s, FCN-8s, FCN-32s, and SVM for the water class was 97.52%, 97.8%, 94.20% and 89%, respectively. C1 [Gebrehiwot, Asmamaw; Hashemi-Beni, Leila] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Built Environm, Geomat Program, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Thompson, Gary; Langan, Thomas E.] Geodet Survey, North Carolina Emergency Management, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Kordjamshidi, Parisa] Tulane Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Kordjamshidi, Parisa] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 32502 USA. RP Hashemi-Beni, L (reprint author), North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Built Environm, Geomat Program, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. EM aagebrehiwot@aggies.ncat.edu; lhashemibeni@ncat.edu; gary.thompson@ncdps.gov; pkordjam@tulane.edu; tom.langan@ncdps.gov FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [1800768] FX This research was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), grant number 1800768 and North Carolina Collaboratory policy. CR Alom M. 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The safety managers will have great challenges due to the rapid urbanization and industrialization. In this paper, we developed a 3DGIS-based tool for decision support of UMHI management. The methods of UMHI management are respectively established for real-time risk early warning and consequence assessment. These methods are then integrated into the 3DGIS tool. Finally, the tool is applied to a petrochemical enterprise in urban areas to demonstrate its workflow and functions. The tool successfully simulates the virtual environment of accident scenes, evaluate the real-time risk and accident consequences, and vividly display the analysis results in the form of 3D visualization. The application results show that the tool is of high efficiency, real-time and immersive sense, which can provide decision support for disaster prevention, emergency response and safety planning in urban areas. C1 [Chen, Wenjiang; Hu, Zhaoji] Nanchang Univ, Sch Resources Environm & Chem Engn, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Wenjiang; Su, Hongbo; Yong, Yan] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. RP Chen, WJ (reprint author), Nanchang Univ, Sch Resources Environm & Chem Engn, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.; Chen, WJ; Su, HB (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM chenwenjiang@ncu.edu.cn; suh@fau.edu RI Su, Hongbo/Z-3572-2019; Su, Hongbo/C-9490-2009 OI Su, Hongbo/0000-0002-2147-3646 FU Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education, China [GJJ160083]; Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology, China [20151BBG70058]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [21576102] FX This work was supported by Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education, China (GJJ160083); Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology, China (20151BBG70058); National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21576102). 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Earth PD APR PY 2019 VL 110 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.pce.2018.08.008 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HZ5VJ UT WOS:000468920500023 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mounir, A Adel, A Makhlouf, D Sebastien, L Philippe, R AF Mounir, Achouri Adel, Alti Makhlouf, Derdour Sebastien, Laborie Philippe, Roose TI A New Two-Level Clustering Approach for Situations Management in Distributed Smart Environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMBIENT COMPUTING AND INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Context; E-Health; Emergency Situation; Fog-based; Scalability; Similarity Measure AB In the field of smart environments, many devices and multimedia-oriented connected objects have gained a significant attention in recent years. There is a critical need to offer to users flexible and efficient service selection among a large set of candidates based on their surrounding environments, the user's current needs and situations. This article aims to provide a new Generic Context-aware Profile ONTOlogy (GCxPOnto) for a semantic description of heterogeneous profiles with a situations management facility related to smart environments. Based on the GCxPOnto ontology model, a two-layered architecture was proposed. It includes a local server with a sematic profile modeling and a central Cloud that provides efficient situation management and good scalability. This article is divided into three phases: profile clustering, situation management, and multimedia information dissemination related to smart services. The experimental results show a good response time and an enhanced situational accuracy. C1 [Mounir, Achouri] Univ Tebessa, LAMIS Lab, Tebessa, Algeria. [Adel, Alti] Univ Ferhat Abbas SETIF 1, LRSD, Setif, Algeria. [Makhlouf, Derdour] Univ Annaba, LRS Lab, Tebessa, Algeria. [Sebastien, Laborie] UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, E2S UPPA, Anglet, France. [Philippe, Roose] IUT Bayonne, LIUPPA Lab, Anglet, France. RP Mounir, A (reprint author), Univ Tebessa, LAMIS Lab, Tebessa, Algeria. 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J. Ambient Comput. Intell. PD APR-JUN PY 2019 VL 10 IS 2 BP 91 EP 111 DI 10.4018/IJACI.2019040107 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HY0AC UT WOS:000467770100007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Han, XH Wang, JL AF Han, Xuehua Wang, Juanle TI Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Sentiment during a Disaster: A Case Study of the 2018 Shouguang City Flood in China SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE social media; flood; public sentiment; disaster risk reduction; China ID TWITTER AB Social media has been applied to all natural disaster risk-reduction phases, including pre-warning, response, and recovery. However, using it to accurately acquire and reveal public sentiment during a disaster still presents a significant challenge. To explore public sentiment in depth during a disaster, this study analyzed Sina-Weibo (Weibo) texts in terms of space, time, and content related to the 2018 Shouguang flood, which caused casualties and economic losses, arousing widespread public concern in China. The temporal changes within six-hour intervals and spatial distribution on sub-district and city levels of flood-related Weibo were analyzed. Based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, a topic extraction and classification model was built to hierarchically identify six flood-relevant topics and nine types of public sentiment responses in Weibo texts. The majority of Weibo texts about the Shouguang flood were related to public sentiment, among which questioning the government and media was the most commonly expressed. The Weibo text numbers varied over time for different topics and sentiments that corresponded to the different developmental stages of the flood. On a sub-district level, the spatial distribution of flood-relevant Weibo was mainly concentrated in high population areas in the south-central and eastern parts of Shouguang, near the river and the downtown area. At the city level, the Weibo texts were mainly distributed in Beijing and cities in the Shandong Province, centering in Weifang City. The results indicated that the classification model developed in this study was accurate and viable for analyzing social media texts during a disaster. The findings can be used to help researchers, public servants, and officials to better understand public sentiments towards disaster events, to accelerate disaster responses, and to support post-disaster management. C1 [Han, Xuehua; Wang, Juanle] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Han, Xuehua] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Han, Xuehua; Wang, Juanle] IKCEST, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China. [Wang, Juanle] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Wang, JL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.; Wang, JL (reprint author), IKCEST, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China.; Wang, JL (reprint author), Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM hanxh@lreis.ac.cn; wangjl@igsnrr.ac.cn RI ; , Juanle/R-8881-2016 OI HAN, XUEHUA/0000-0002-0819-4917; , Juanle/0000-0002-5641-0813 FU Strategic Priority Research Program (class A) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA19040501]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41421001]; Construction Project of China Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology [CKCEST-2018-2-8] FX This research was funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program (class A) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, grant number XDA19040501; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 41421001; the Construction Project of China Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology, grant number CKCEST-2018-2-8. 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Geo-Inf. PD APR PY 2019 VL 8 IS 4 AR 185 DI 10.3390/ijgi8040185 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HX6FK UT WOS:000467499300026 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lei, Y Zhou, XQ Xie, L AF Lei, Yong Zhou, Xiaoqing Xie, Long TI Emergency monitoring and disposal decision support system for sudden pollution accidents based on multimedia information system SO MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Sudden; Environmental accident; Emergency management; Monitoring system; Multimedia technology; Geographic information system; Early warning system AB As the economy and society enter the period of rapid post-industrialization, the pressures on resources and the environment are becoming more obvious. Therefore, the environmental protection work faces more challenges. There are many important elements in the environmental emergency detection system, such as emergency monitoring data, information, and command transmission. In order to deal with all kinds of sudden environmental pollution accidents in a timely manner and to reduce the damage to the environment caused by accidents, we need to ensure the safety of the environment. Therefore, we must use scientific methods to manage sudden environmental pollution accidents. In this paper, we combine Internet technology, GIS technology and multimedia database technology, and establishes a decision support system for emergency monitoring and disposal based on multimedia information systems. Its basic hardware includes environmental risk source monitoring, emergency monitoring, command and dispatch, environmental emergency network and environmental emergency monitoring center construction. The software system includes basic software environment, environmental emergency monitoring and command information sharing platform, application software and unified portal. The entire system is integrated according to an organized organizational system, providing detection systems and early warning systems for sudden environmental pollution incident prevention and emergency response. The system we designed can collect and process relevant information in a very short time. The system can quickly handle emergency decision-making and minimize the adverse effects caused by sudden environmental pollution accidents. Experiment results show the well performance of the proposed system. The multimedia based user interface guarantees the user experience. C1 [Lei, Yong; Zhou, Xiaoqing; Xie, Long] Pearl River Hydraul Res Inst, Room 2305,Tianshou Bldg,Tianshou Rd, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Lei, Y (reprint author), Pearl River Hydraul Res Inst, Room 2305,Tianshou Bldg,Tianshou Rd, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM leiyongPearl@hotmail.com FU Special fund for science and technology development in 2016 of Department of science and technology of Guangdong Province [2016A020223007] FX Special fund for science and technology development in 2016 of Department of science and technology of Guangdong Province under Grant No. 2016A020223007. CR Gai K, 2016, IEEE T CLOUD COMPUT, P1, DOI DOI 10.1109/TCC.2016.2594172 He BX, 2016, 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (ISAI 2016), P129, DOI 10.1109/ISAI.2016.0036 Jeong HY, 2014, MULTIMED TOOLS APPL, V73, P887, DOI 10.1007/s11042-013-1445-5 Khobragade MVB, 2015, IMAGE, V4, P155 Lin E. C. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 78 IS 8 BP 11047 EP 11071 DI 10.1007/s11042-018-6665-2 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HX6DX UT WOS:000467495400067 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chuang, MT AF Chuang, Min-Ta TI Multi-Conflicts between the Government, the Non-Profit Organisation and the People after a Serious Landslide Disaster Based Upon Qualitative Analysis SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE multi-level urban governance; typhoon Morakot; NVivo 10; recovery process ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; META-GOVERNANCE; STAKEHOLDERS; ADAPTATION; MITIGATION; MODELS; POLICY AB Due to the increasing number of intensified extreme events, post-recovery has become a serious challenge worldwide. The common issues faced during the recovery process are fragmentation and coordination problems, the lack of capacity and commitment and the variations in recovery. This study explores the conflicts between various stakeholders via NVivo, based upon the recovery process in Typhoon Morakot. A qualitative analysis was conducted with the software NVivo 10; the findings showed the following: the stakeholders include the government t, the non-profit organisations (NPOs) (mainly charity funds) and the people. For short-term sheltering and long-term settlement, the government plays the leading role in the rebuilding work, supported by NPOs. However, this study discovers that people are disappointed with the government's rebuilding efforts. As a result, people opt to self-rescue management. Furthermore, the supplementary NPOs sometimes play leading roles in the rebuilding, resulting in conflicts between people. Overall, the government does not take quick and proper actions, resulting in the delay of the rebuilding progress and the dilemma of role misallocation of various stakeholders. As a whole, post-disaster recovery should take the local victims' preferences into consideration and this might be helpful to speed up the recovery process. C1 [Chuang, Min-Ta] Univ Taipei, Dept Urban Ind Management & Mkt, Taipei 11153, Taiwan. RP Chuang, MT (reprint author), Univ Taipei, Dept Urban Ind Management & Mkt, Taipei 11153, Taiwan. EM chuangminta@gmail.com FU Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic of China [MOST 105-2410-H-845 -026] FX This research was supported with funding from M.-T. Chuang's 2016 project (MOST 105-2410-H-845 -026), which was funded by Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic of China. 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Therefore, it is imperative to develop effective methods for assessing population vulnerability in order to provide practical and useful information for pre-disaster preparedness and emergency management. However, there are many problems with existing approaches to assessing population vulnerability in China. This study developed a method combining dasymetric population mapping with population vulnerability indexing to estimate populations' vulnerability to earthquakes at block level in daytime and nighttime. The method aims to provide high spatial-temporal resolution information on vulnerable populations and population vulnerability. 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TI Modeling and simulation of large crowd evacuation in hazard-impacted environments SO ADVANCES IN COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN LA English DT Article DE emergency mapping; crowd simulation; human behavior; architecture for safety; cellular-automata ID PEDESTRIAN EVACUATION; CELLULAR-AUTOMATON; MULTIGRID MODEL; FLOOR FIELD; BEHAVIOR; EXIT; DYNAMICS; NETWORK; ROOM AB Every year, many people are severely injured or lose their lives in accidents such as fire, chemical spill, public pandemonium, school shooting, and workplace violence. Research indicates that the fate of people in an emergency situation involving one or more hazards depends not only on the design of the space (e.g., residential building, industrial facility, shopping mall, sports stadium, school, concert hall) in which the incident occurs, but also on a host of other factors including but not limited to (a) occupants' characteristics, (b) level of familiarity with and cognition of the surroundings, and (c) effectiveness of hazard intervention systems. In this paper, we present EVAQ, a simulation framework for modeling large crowd evacuation by taking into account occupants' behaviors and interactions during an emergency. In particular, human's personal (i.e., age, gender, disability) and interpersonal (i.e., group behavior and interactions) attributes are parameterized in a hazard-impacted environment. In addition, different hazard types (e.g., fire, lone wolf attacker) and propagation patterns, as well as intervention schemes (simulating building repellent systems, firefighters, law enforcement) are modeled. Next, the application of EVAQ to crowd egress planning in an airport terminal under human attack, and a shopping mall in fire emergency are presented and results are discussed. Finally, a validation test is performed using real world data from a past building fire incident to assess the reliability and integrity of EVAQ in comparison with existing evacuation modeling tools. C1 [Datta, Songjukta; Behzadan, Amir H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Construct Sci, 3137 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Behzadan, AH (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Construct Sci, 3137 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM songjukta89@tamu.edu; abehzadan@tamu.edu FU Natural Science Foundation (NSF)National Natural Science Foundation of China [CMMI 1800957]; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) FX The research described in this paper was supported by the Natural Science Foundation (NSF) through grant CMMI 1800957. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the NSF. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the NSF. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 145 IS 720 BP 967 EP 981 DI 10.1002/qj.3471 PN A PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HU6TP UT WOS:000465414100005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Swuste, P van Nunen, K Reniers, G Khakzad, N AF Swuste, Paul van Nunen, Karolien Reniers, Genserik Khakzad, Nima TI Domino effects in chemical factories and clusters: An historical perspective and discussion SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LA English DT Review DE Domino-effects; Process industry; Chemical cluster; History; Review ID USER-FRIENDLY SOFTWARE; 3 MILE ISLAND; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT; RISK-MANAGEMENT; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; ACCIDENT PREVENTION; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; PROTECTION SYSTEMS; SAFETY MANAGEMENT; MAJOR ACCIDENTS AB Major accidents in Western countries, receiving a lot of media attention in the 1970s, are starting point for research into internal and external domino effects in the chemical and petrochemical sectors and clusters. Initially, these reports are published by government institutions and government-related research centres. With the upcoming quantitative risk analyses in the 1970s and 1980s, the so-called ocoloured books', published in the Netherlands, play a prominent role in quantifying these domino effects. Since the mid 1990s, the second European Seveso Directive encourages scientific research on domino effects, shown in substantially growth of academic publications on the topic. Research in Western countries is dominated by risk assessments, probabilities, and failure mechanisms are calculated for the complex phenomenon of domino effects and its consequences. Previous works are closely related to political, official and private decision-making. A transition towards risk management is still in its infancy. A future transition is necessary to understand initial scenarios as starting points for domino effects. In India a wake-up call for domino effects occurs in the mid-1990s. Chinese publications on domino effects in the international scientific press appear from the mid-2000s onwards. Due to a rapid industrialisation, the numbers in China country are overwhelming, versus chemical companies, as versus of many major accidents in this sector. This article will discuss results of research on domino effects, conducted in the period 1966-2018, as well as major determinants of these accident processes. Also present, and future transition in this research domain will be discussed. (C) 2019 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Swuste, Paul; Reniers, Genserik; Khakzad, Nima] Delft Univ Technol, Safety Sci Grp, Delft, Netherlands. [van Nunen, Karolien] Univ Antwerp, Res Chair Vandeputte, Antwerp, Belgium. [van Nunen, Karolien] Univ Antwerp, Rechtenfac, Law Enforcement, Antwerp, Belgium. [van Nunen, Karolien; Reniers, Genserik] Univ Antwerp, Fac Toegepaste Econ, Antwerp Res Grp Safety & Secur ARGoSS, Antwerp, Belgium. [Reniers, Genserik] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Swuste, P (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Safety Sci Grp, Delft, Netherlands. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 124 BP 18 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.psep.2019.01.015 PN B PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA HU1SB UT WOS:000465051000003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Clarke-Lambert, S Saint Hilaire, D Stock, J Salako, O Lebetkin, M Nasimov, U Strothers, J Blasczak-Boxe, A Skeete, D Blaszczak-Boxe, C AF Clarke-Lambert, ShellyAnn Saint Hilaire, Dickens Stock, Joachim Salako, Oluwaseun Lebetkin, Madelaine Nasimov, Umarbek Strothers, Joel Blasczak-Boxe, Agata Skeete, Dereck Blaszczak-Boxe, Christopher TI The impact of fertilizers on the uptake of manganese in Cherry Belle radish plants: implications for human health SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Manganism; Radish; Enhancement factor ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; T1 HYPERINTENSITY; WELDING FUMES; HEAVY-METAL; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; SUBWAY; IRON; DEFICIENCY AB Miracle-Gro Singles, Miracle-Gro Shake and Feed, and Vigoro fertilizers are associated with net loss/enhancement of Mn, up to an order of magnitude when referenced to controls in soil, radish vegetables, and radish leaves; Mn enhancements are a factor of 4 to 65 below the daily required intake for humans (2-5.5 mg/day). Manganese levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Control soil, radish vegetables, and radish leaves contained 65 mu g/g to 146 mu g/g (median = 108), 65 mu g/g to 357 mu g/g (median = 281), and 185 mu g/g to 401 mu g/g (median = 323) of Mn, correspondingly. Manganese uptake was ten times greater in radish leaves compared to radish vegetables and enhanced by a factor of 3 in soils. Edible radish leaves/vegetables contain 65 times less than human Mn daily requirements. This equates eating 140 lb/day of radish vegetables/leaves. The fertilizers have a minor impact on Mn accumulation in radish leaves/vegetables. The USDA Nutrient Database for radish (0.69 mu g/g of Mn) contradicts this notion as one would need to consume similar to 7 to 18 lb/day of radish to satisfy their daily intake. This study complements investigations showing that fertilizers induce minimal uptake of heavy metals in food; simultaneously, the net loss of Mn amounts observed in some samples of radish leaves and vegetables is analogous to the dilution effect of minerals/nutrients in edibles. Although a deficiency/excess of Mn in one's diet may lead to adverse health effects, background inhalation exposure in general public, occupational, and emergency response settings has a greater influence on one's propensity toward developing adverse health effects related to Mn inhalation exposure. C1 [Clarke-Lambert, ShellyAnn; Stock, Joachim; Salako, Oluwaseun; Strothers, Joel; Skeete, Dereck; Blaszczak-Boxe, Christopher] CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11225 USA. [Saint Hilaire, Dickens] CUNY Bronx Community Coll, Dept Chem & Chem Technol, Brooklyn, NY 10453 USA. [Lebetkin, Madelaine; Nasimov, Umarbek] Brooklyn Tech High Sch, Brooklyn, NY 11217 USA. [Blasczak-Boxe, Agata] Lehman Coll, Dept English, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. [Blaszczak-Boxe, Christopher] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Earth & Environm Sci & Chem Div, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Blaszczak-Boxe, C (reprint author), CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11225 USA.; Blaszczak-Boxe, C (reprint author), CUNY, Grad Ctr, Earth & Environm Sci & Chem Div, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM boxeman3@gmail.com OI Boxe, Christopher/0000-0002-5288-961X FU Con-Edison [1054322] FX We are thankful for the support, which funded the investigation described herein, via Con-Edison (Grant No. 1054322). 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Sci. Pollut. Res. PD APR PY 2019 VL 26 IS 10 BP 10414 EP 10428 DI 10.1007/s11356-019-04574-8 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HT8YW UT WOS:000464852200088 PM 30811020 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yan, JY Qiao, R Tang, LR Zheng, CX Fan, B AF Yan, Jiangyu Qiao, Ran Tang, Liangrui Zheng, Chenxi Fan, Bing TI A Fuzzy Decision Based WSN Localization Algorithm for Wise Healthcare SO CHINA COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE WSN localization; wise healthcare; fuzzy decision algorithm; reference points; matching degree AB Wise healthcare is a typical application of wireless sensor network (WSN), which uses sensors to monitor the physiological state of nursing targets and locate their position in case of an emergency situation. The location of targets need to be determined and reported to the control center, and this leads to the localization problem. While localization in healthcare field demands high accuracy and regional adaptability, the information processing mechanism of human thinking has been introduced, which includes knowledge accumulation, knowledge fusion and knowledge expansion. Furthermore, a fuzzy decision based localization approach is proposed. Received signal strength (RSS) at references points are obtained and processed as position relationship indicators, using fuzzy set theory in the knowledge accumulation stage; after that, optimize degree of membership corresponding to each anchor nodes in different environments during knowledge fusion; the matching degree of reference points is further calculated and sorted in decision-making, and the coordinates of several points with the highest matching degree are utilized to estimate the location of unknown nodes while knowledge expansion. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm get better accuracy performance compared to several traditional algorithms under different typical occasions. C1 [Yan, Jiangyu; Qiao, Ran; Tang, Liangrui; Zheng, Chenxi; Fan, Bing] North China Elect Power Univ, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. RP Qiao, R (reprint author), North China Elect Power Univ, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM a1555687140@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51677065] FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51677065) CR Al-Samman AM, 2015, 2015 IEEE 11TH INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON SIGNAL PROCESSING & ITS APPLICATIONS (CSPA 2015), P1, DOI 10.1109/CSPA.2015.7225607 Baccar N, 2016, 2016 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SIGNAL, IMAGE, VIDEO AND COMMUNICATIONS (ISIVC), P35, DOI 10.1109/ISIVC.2016.7893958 Bhowmik S, 2016, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, SIGNAL PROCESSING AND NETWORKING (WISPNET), P1112, DOI 10.1109/WiSPNET.2016.7566309 El Assaf A, 2016, IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE, V5, P504, DOI 10.1109/LWC.2016.2595576 Huang AP, 2014, IEEE J BIOMED HEALTH, V18, P693, DOI 10.1109/JBHI.2013.2279136 Kang J, 2018, IEEE T IND ELECTRON, V65, P4279, DOI 10.1109/TIE.2017.2764861 Kong FZ, 2016, PROCEEDINGS OF 2016 IEEE ADVANCED INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, COMMUNICATES, ELECTRONIC AND AUTOMATION CONTROL CONFERENCE (IMCEC 2016), P23, DOI 10.1109/IMCEC.2016.7867106 Lo BPL, 2016, IEEE PULSE, V7, P4, DOI 10.1109/MPUL.2015.2498474 Maddumabandara A, 2015, IEEE SENS J, V15, P5228, DOI 10.1109/JSEN.2015.2438193 Nguyen NH, 2016, IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES, V64, P4180, DOI 10.1109/TSP.2016.2566611 Payal A., 2014, P INT C DAT MIN INT, P1 Payal A, 2014, 2014 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CONFLUENCE THE NEXT GENERATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT (CONFLUENCE), P432, DOI 10.1109/CONFLUENCE.2014.6949349 So-In C, 2016, PERVASIVE MOB COMPUT, V29, P17, DOI 10.1016/j.pmcj.2015.06.010 Yang Yang, 2010, Application Research of Computers, V27, P1448, DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3695.2010.04.067 Yin JH, 2016, IEEE SIGNAL PROC LET, V23, P144, DOI 10.1109/LSP.2015.2505138 Zhang Cheng, 2013, Computer Engineering, V39, P28, DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3428.2013.05.006 [张先毅 ZHANG Xianyi], 2008, [山东大学学报. 理学版, Journal of Shangdong University. Natural Science], V43, P44 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHINA INST COMMUNICATIONS PI BEIJING PA NO 13 WEST CHANG AN AVENUE, BEIJING, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1673-5447 J9 CHINA COMMUN JI China Commun. PD APR PY 2019 VL 16 IS 4 BP 208 EP 218 PG 11 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA HT4KM UT WOS:000464532500016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tanyas, H van Westen, CJ Persello, C Alvioli, M AF Tanyas, Hakan van Westen, Cees J. Persello, Claudio Alvioli, Massimiliano TI Rapid prediction of the magnitude scale of landslide events triggered by an earthquake SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Landslides; Earthquakes; Inventory; Landslide-event magnitude; Hazard; Rapid response ID 2005 KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE; REAL-TIME PREDICTION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; MASS MOVEMENTS; HAZARD; MODEL; INVENTORIES; HIMALAYAS; DATABASE; PATTERN AB A landslide event is characterized by the distribution of landslides caused by a single triggering event. The severity of earthquake-induced landslide events can be quantified by the landslide-event magnitude, a metric derived from the frequency-size distribution of landslide inventories. However, reliable landslide inventories are not available for all earthquakes, because the preparation of a suitable inventory requires data, time, and expertise. Prediction of landslide-event magnitude immediately following an earthquake provides an estimate of the total landslide area and volume based on empirical relations. It allows to make an assessment of the severity of a landslide event in near-real time and to estimate the frequency-size distribution curve of the landslides. In this study, we used 23 earthquake-induced landslide inventories and propose a method to predict landslide-event magnitude. We selected five predictors, both morphometric and seismogenic, which are globally and readily available. We used the predictors within a stepwise linear regression and validated using the leave-one-out technique. We show that our approach successfully predicts landslide-event magnitude values and provides results along with their statistical significance and confidence levels. However, to test the validity of the approach globally, it should be calibrated using a larger and more representative dataset. A global, near real-time assessments regarding landslide-event magnitude scale can then be achieved by retrieving the readily available ShakeMaps, along with topographic and thematic information, and applying the calibrated model. The results may provide valuable information regarding landscape evolution processes, landslide hazard assessments, and contribute to the rapid emergency response after earthquakes in mountainous terrain. C1 [Tanyas, Hakan; van Westen, Cees J.; Persello, Claudio] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. 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However, the quality of the products derived using UAV data is very much dependent on the accuracy with which a UAV can be localized. Although cooperative localization has been shown to improve the localization accuracy of all the UAVs in a network even in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) challenging environments, not all UAVs in a network can achieve equal navigational performance. The objective of this paper is to analyze the various parameters that affect the performance of UAVs in a cooperative network. This paper derives the theoretical performance bound of the localization accuracy that can be achieved by any UAV in the network. This performance bound is derived using posterior Cramer Rao bound and is further used to analyze the effects of various parameters such as network geometry and connectivity, quality of available measurements and the availability of GNSS in the network. Through this analysis, the limitations and the benefits of a cooperative UAV swarm for any application (such as mapping or remote sensing) are presented. C1 [Goel, Salil; Lohani, Bharat] Indian Inst Technol Kanpur, Dept Civil Engn, Geoinformat Lab, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Kealy, Allison] RMIT Univ, Dept Geospatial Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Goel, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol Kanpur, Dept Civil Engn, Geoinformat Lab, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 47 IS 4 BP 671 EP 684 DI 10.1007/s12524-018-0899-3 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA HR4CF UT WOS:000463090900013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Handayani, W Fisher, MR Rudiarto, I Setyono, JS Foley, D AF Handayani, Wiwandari Fisher, Micah R. Rudiarto, Iwan Setyono, Jawoto Sih Foley, Dolores TI Operationalizing resilience: A content analysis of flood disaster planning in two coastal cities in Central Java, Indonesia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Resilience; Operationalizing resilience; Flood; Disaster risk reduction; Central Java ID CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; BUILDING RESILIENCE; URBAN RESILIENCE; CITY; RISK; EXPERIENCES; STRATEGIES; POLICIES; SYSTEMS; PLANS AB Global concern has sought to connect resilience with the field of disaster risk reduction, which was prominent in the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015) and updated in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030). However, defining disaster risk reduction and resilience as policy goals geared towards reducing vulnerability and minimizing risk requires a closer examination. This research examines operationalization of resilience in programs and budgets of development plans in Indonesian cities. This paper investigates the documentation of planning policies in the Indonesian context, examining National to local level efforts. The research specifically analyzes case studies at two cities, Semarang and Tegal, and highlights how these sites have accommodated the term resilience to address flooding. The scope of the research focuses on flooding as it is the most commonly experienced hazard across Indonesia. Content analysis is applied to assess identified planning documents. The content analysis is further verified through focus group discussions among key stakeholders. Findings indicate that there are fourteen areas of plans/programs in terms of reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, improved management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness to address flooding in the two selected cities. The elaboration of resilience-related programmes provides important lessons, namely that operationalizing resilience should be integrative and comprehensive, and require both short-term actionable initiative(s) and long-term transformative frameworks. C1 [Handayani, Wiwandari; Rudiarto, Iwan; Setyono, Jawoto Sih] Diponegoro Univ, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Semarang 50275, Indonesia. [Fisher, Micah R.; Foley, Dolores] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Handayani, W (reprint author), Diponegoro Univ, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Semarang 50275, Indonesia. EM wiwandari.handayani@pwk.undip.ac.id; micahrf@hawaii.edu; iwan.rudiarto@undip.ac.id; jawoto@pwk.undip.ac.id; dolores@hawaii.edu RI Fisher, Micah/Z-1124-2019 OI Fisher, Micah/0000-0002-8246-2318; RUDIARTO, IWAN/0000-0002-5724-8053 FU Diponegoro University; Ministry of Research and Technology Indonesia FX We would like to express our gratitude to Diponegoro University and the Director General of Higher Education, Ministry of Research and Technology Indonesia for funding this research. We would also like to thank the government of Semarang and Tegal for the data and shared information they provided during the survey period. CR Ajibade I, 2017, INT J DISAST RISK RE, V26, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.029 CARLEY K, 1993, SOCIOL METHODOL, V23, P75, DOI 10.2307/271007 Chelleri L, 2015, ENVIRON URBAN, V27, P181, DOI 10.1177/0956247814550780 Chmutina K., 2016, P INT C BUILD RES NZ Cresswell J. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD APR PY 2019 VL 35 AR 101073 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101073 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HR3JW UT WOS:000463034000014 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tang, P Xia, Q Wang, YY AF Tang, Pan Xia, Qi Wang, Yueyao TI Addressing cascading effects of earthquakes in urban areas from network perspective to improve disaster mitigation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Earthquakes; Urban areas; Cascading effects; Disaster mitigation; Disaster chains; Social network analysis ID RISK; CENTRALITY; HAZARD; CHINA AB Given the rising size and complexity of urban areas, the city governments are faced to the challenges of cascading effects triggered by devastating earthquakes, in which the disastrous consequences are amplified significantly by combined effects of the occurred secondary events with interrelationships on the elements at risks. As a low-probability and high impact natural disaster, the escalation of secondary events are guided by the vulnerability paths, as well as their interconnections should be considered from system perspectives during the preparedness and mitigation process. This research aims to develop, model and analyze cascading effects scenario of earthquakes in urban areas for supporting decision making in disaster risk reduction. A framework for addressing cascading effects of earthquakes in urban area is presented. The procedure for developing cascading effects scenario of such highly complex and uncertain disasters by identifying the triggered disaster chains is introduced. A directed network was built to model and visualize the secondary events with interrelationships involving in the cascading effects scenario. In particular, a range of network metrics are developed to examine the relational patterns of hazardous events based on Social Network Analysis. Together with, how to design disaster mitigation strategies according to network analysis results is introduced, such as disaster chains with priorities to be blocked, hazardous events to be mitigated firstly, and essential collaborative relationships among the responsible organizations. Furthermore, a case study in an urban area in Shenzhen City, China was conducted to highlight the application of the proposed framework. This research presents an innovative approach to address cascading effects in urban areas of earthquakes by developing the triggered worst case scenario, as well as understanding secondary events with interrelationships using network analysis method for providing insights to design disaster mitigation strategies from system thinking perspectives. C1 [Tang, Pan; Xia, Qi; Wang, Yueyao] Jinan Univ, Res Ctr Emergency Management, Sch Publ Management Emergency Management, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD APR PY 2019 VL 35 AR 101065 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101065 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HR3JW UT WOS:000463034000007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhao, G Xu, ZX Pang, B Tu, TB Xu, LY Du, LG AF Zhao, Gang Xu, Zongxue Pang, Bo Tu, Tongbi Xu, Liyang Du, Longgang TI An enhanced inundation method for urban flood hazard mapping at the large catchment scale SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enhanced inundation method; Flood hazard map; Large urban catchment; GIS; SWMM ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SWMM MODEL; STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; URBANIZATION; SIMULATION; FUTURE; CITY; FRAMEWORK; IMPACTS; AREAS AB Urban flooding occurs frequently in the world and urban hydrological models are widely applied in urban flood management and disaster mitigation. In this study, an enhanced inundation method (EIM) for urban flood hazard mapping at the large catchment scale is proposed. EIM can be easily coupled with urban hydrological models and the coupled framework can consider both source flooding and non-source flooding in floodwater generation. In EIM, the floodwater spreading order in the positive process is based on the topological relationship between depression outlets; the floodwater from lower depression elements is considered as a feedback process. These improvements make this proposed method suitable for inundation estimation in large urban catchments. Dahongmen (DHM) catchment in Beijing, China was selected as the case study area to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. Historical inundation records during one heavy storm were applied to test the performance of the method. EIM is compared with USISM (urban storm-inundation simulation method) on the flood hazard map in the DHM catchment, which reveals the effectiveness of the improvements. The results show that all inundation locations are successfully identified by EIM and are distributed in flooding areas (water depth greater than 0.15 m) in the catchment. The average relative error of simulated inundation depths is 15%, which indicates that EIM can successfully simulate flooding scopes and depths in the study area. The results revealed that EIM can be a valuable tool for mapping urban flood hazards at the large catchment scale based on GIS techniques. C1 [Zhao, Gang; Xu, Zongxue; Pang, Bo] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing Key Lab Urban Hydrol Cycle & Sponge City, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Gang] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England. [Tu, Tongbi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, J Amorocho Hydraul Lab Dept, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Xu, Liyang] Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Aeronaut, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Du, Longgang] Hydrog Stn Beijing, Beijing 100089, Peoples R China. RP Xu, ZX (reprint author), Jingshi Bldg,Xinjiekouwai St, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM zongxuexu@vip.sina.com OI Zhao, Gang/0000-0002-0278-502X FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC1502701]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51879008]; China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council [201700260088] FX This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2017YFC1502701), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51879008) and the China Scholarship Council (No.201700260088). CR Aktaruzzaman M., 2011, P SPIE INT SOC OPT E, V8174 [Anonymous], 500142006 GB [Anonymous], 2017, NEWS BBC Ashley RM, 2005, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V52, P265 Bai G. 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Natural Science], V50, P452 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD APR PY 2019 VL 571 BP 873 EP 882 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.02.008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA HQ8RD UT WOS:000462692100071 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Beaton, A Whaley, R Corston, K Kenny, F AF Beaton, A. Whaley, R. Corston, K. Kenny, F. TI Identifying historic river ice breakup timing using MODIS and Google Earth Engine in support of operational flood monitoring in Northern Ontario SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hydrology; First Nations; Optical remote sensing; Operational monitoring; Far North Ontario; James Bay; Hudson Bay; Cold regions; Cryosphere; Flood risk; Emergency management; Large rivers; Near real-time; Cloud computing ID TEMPORAL PATTERNS; MACKENZIE RIVER; DYNAMICS; WATER AB River ice breakup and resulting flood risk is a nearly annual concern for communities along the five major rivers draining to the James and Hudson Bay Coasts in Ontario (Moose, Albany, Attawapiskat, Winisk and Severn Rivers). Ice breakup within this region has historically been monitored using flight reconnaissance supplemented by assessment of hydrometric data. More recently, remote sensed imagery have been used to monitor near real-time ice breakup and flood risk. However, the near real-time remotely sensed breakup information was found to have limited utility in the absence of a broader spatial and temporal understanding of breakup progression. The primary purpose of this study was to develop a method for generating a dataset of breakup dates. A secondary objective was to calculate statistics from this dataset that can be used to provide context to operational near real-time imagery analysis and improve understanding of ice processes in the study area. An automated method for detecting river ice breakup dates from 2000 to 2017 using MODIS imagery was developed. This method uses a threshold-based technique that aims to maximize river coverage and minimize effects of cloud obstruction. Image processing was completed in the high-performance Google Earth Engine application which enabled iterative classification and model calibration. The breakup date dataset was used to calculate statistics on breakup timing, duration, annual variability and breakup order. An assessment of patterns within these data is discussed, relationships between breakup timing, duration and highwater years is explored and the operational utility of these statistics is described. The classification compared well with Water Survey of Canada derived breakup dates with mean bias ranging from -2.0 days to 6.7 days and mean absolute error of 3.4 days to 6.9 days across the rivers. Latitude and distance upstream were found to be primary controls on breakup timing with drainage network configuration and reach morphology also having an influence. No relationships between highwater years and calculated breakup statistics were found. It is recommended that future studies use the dataset developed in this study in combination with hydrometric and remotely sensed data to improve prediction of highwater and understanding of breakup processes within these rivers. C1 [Beaton, A.; Whaley, R.; Kenny, F.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, 300 Water St, Peterborough, ON K9H 2K1, Canada. [Corston, K.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, 34 Revill Rd, Moosonee, ON, Canada. RP Beaton, A (reprint author), Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, 300 Water St, Peterborough, ON K9H 2K1, Canada. EM andy.beaton@ontario.ca OI Beaton, Andy/0000-0001-6827-4276 FU Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Far North Branch FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Far North Branch. The authors acknowledge the valuable contributions of the Far North Branch and the Surface Water Monitoring Centre of the Integration Branch for providing facilities and equipment and assisting with project management. We also thank Gergin Naoumov for the development of the calibration dataset and Ian Smyth and Jamie Luce for constructive feedback on earlier versions of this manuscript. Our appreciation is also extended to Brent Nakoochee and Robert Nakogee for showing us around their community of Fort Albany and discussing river ice breakup and flooding within their watershed. 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TI Context Aware Trust Management Scheme for Pervasive Healthcare SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Medical sensor networks; Pervasive healthcare; Trust management scheme ID EVENT DETECTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SENSOR; RECONSTRUCTION; VARIABILITY AB Medical sensor nodes are used in pervasive healthcare applications like remote patient monitoring, elderly care to collect patients vital signs for identifying medical emergency. These resource restricted sensor nodes are prone to various malicious attacks, data faults and data losses. Presence of faulty data, data loss in collected patient data may lead to incorrect analysis of patient condition, which decreases the reliability of pervasive healthcare system. The aim of this work is to alert the caregiver and raise the alarm only when the patient enters into medical emergency situation. The proposed scheme also reduces the false alarms and alerts caused by data fault and misbehaving sensor nodes. To achieve this, we introduce a context aware trust management scheme for data fault detection, data reconstruction and event detection in pervasive healthcare systems. It employs heuristic functions, data correlation and contextual information based algorithms to identify the data faults and events. It also reconstructs the data faults and data loss for identifying patient condition. Performance of this approach is evaluated with the help of real data samples collected by medical sensor network prototype of remote patient monitoring application. The experimental results show that the proposed trust scheme outperforms state-of-the-art techniques and achieves good detection accuracy in data fault detection and event detection. C1 [Karthik, N.; Ananthanarayana, V. S.] Natl Inst Technol Karnataka, Dept Informat Technol, Mangalore, India. RP Karthik, N (reprint author), Natl Inst Technol Karnataka, Dept Informat Technol, Mangalore, India. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 105 IS 3 BP 725 EP 763 DI 10.1007/s11277-018-6091-9 PG 39 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA HQ2JJ UT WOS:000462226600002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tzivaki, M Waller, EJ AF Tzivaki, Margarita Waller, Edward J. TI Technical Communication During Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies With the Tools to Support International Assessment and Prognosis SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Incident and Emergency Centre (IEC) has custom designed software tools to support assessment and prognosis of nuclear and radiological emergency scenarios, aimed at ensuring consistent and concise technical reports for emergency assessments. In this paper the functionality, updating and structural development of emergency communications tools is presented, that lead the user through a series of questions with the aid of instructions that will collect relevant technical details and organize them into standardized reports. These reports can be exported for use in internal communication or communication with external stakeholders. This paper discusses enhancements in the suite of tools, specifically the reactor assessment tool (RAT), which was updated, the emergency response action, and the radiological source assessment tools, which were expanded and finally the development of two dose assessment tools (DAT) for internal and external exposure to radioactive substances. C1 [Tzivaki, Margarita; Waller, Edward J.] Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Fac Energy Syst & Nucl Sci, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4, Canada. RP Tzivaki, M (reprint author), Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Fac Energy Syst & Nucl Sci, Oshawa, ON L1H 7K4, Canada. 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TI A Novel Potential Field Controller for Use on Aerial Robots SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Aerial robots; drones; potential field control; unmanned autonomous systems (UAS); unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAV) ID DISASTER MANAGEMENT; FLOCKING CONTROL; SENSOR NETWORK; SYSTEM; SEARCH; UAVS; DESIGN AB Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as drones, have many potential uses in real-world applications. Drones require advanced planning and navigation algorithms to enable them to safely move through and interact with the world around them. This paper presents an extended potential field controller (ePFC) which enables an aerial robot, or drone, to safely track a dynamic target location while simultaneously avoiding any obstacles in its path. The ePFC outperforms a traditional potential field controller with smoother tracking paths and shorter settling times. The proposed ePFC's stability is evaluated by Lyapunov approach, and its performance is simulated in a MATLAB environment. Finally, the controller is implemented on an experimental platform in a laboratory environment which demonstrates the effectiveness of the controller. C1 [Woods, Alexander C.; La, Hung M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Adv Robot & Automat Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP La, HM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Adv Robot & Automat Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM hla@unr.edu FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF-NRI 1426828]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Nevada NASA Research Infrastructure Development Seed Grant [NNX15AI02H]; INSPIRE University Transportation Center through the U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology [69A3551747126] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant NSF-NRI 1426828, in part by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Nevada NASA Research Infrastructure Development Seed Grant under Grant NNX15AI02H, and in part by the INSPIRE University Transportation Center through the U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology under Grant 69A3551747126. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 49 IS 4 BP 665 EP 676 DI 10.1109/TSMC.2017.2702701 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA HP7GD UT WOS:000461854900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Koski, A Sumanen, H AF Koski, Anssi Sumanen, Hilla TI The risk factors Finnish paramedics recognize when performing emergency response driving SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Safety; Emergency medical services; Ambulances; Accidents; Accident prevention; Risk factors ID HAZARD PERCEPTION; TAKING BEHAVIOR; DRIVERS; CRASHES; INJURY; SAFETY; AMBULANCES; EXPERIENCE; FRAMEWORK; ATTITUDES AB Objective: Paramedics face several safety risks in their occupation, and crashes during emergency response driving (ERD) are quite common. However, there is a need for more research to develop educational and implementation suggestions to determine how these risks can be reduced and managed. In this study, we examined what risk factors Finnish paramedics recognize when performing ERD. Methods: The study material consisted of 161 pages of material that had been written by experienced paramedics (n = 44) who were master's degree students of South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences in fall 2017. They wrote essays based solely on their own thoughts and experiences regarding the risk factors associated with ERD. The material was analyzed via inductive content analysis. Results: Two main categories were found: Crew-related risk factors and environmental risk factors. These categories could be further divided into eight sub-categories. The crew-related risk factors consisted of lack of education and training for ERD, insufficient concentration on driving, irresponsibility and indifference, crew member's inability to take collective responsibility for safety as a team, and excessive load experienced by the driver. Environmental risk factors consisted of demanding handling of ambulance, poor visibility, and other road users. Conclusions: Finnish paramedics recognized several risk factors in ERD. Some of the factors have been noted in previous literature regarding ambulance crashes and should be addressed as a matter of urgency to improve safety. Overall, better knowledge regarding these risks needs to be developed worldwide. The results led to several further study suggestions. C1 [Koski, Anssi] South Eastern Finland Univ Appl Sci, Adv Level Paramed Kymsote, Kymenlaakso Social & Hlth Serv, Kouvola, Finland. [Koski, Anssi] Univ Helsinki, Fac Med, Helsinki, Finland. [Sumanen, Hilla] South Eastern Finland Univ Appl Sci, Kouvola, Finland. [Sumanen, Hilla] Univ Helsinki, Hlth Policy, Helsinki, Finland. 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In WSNs, the area coverage is one of the most important quality of service metrics. A WSN without enough area coverage yields incorrect results. So calculating the covered area of a WSN is mandatory. Previous studies have used a simple approach: all nodes send their location to the sink, and it calculates the covered area centrally which makes huge unnecessary communication overhead. In our previous work titled Distributed Exact Coverage Rate Calculation, we calculated the covered area of a homogenous WSN in a distributed manner. In this paper, we provide a Heterogeneous Distributed Precise Coverage Rate (HDPCR) mechanism that calculates the covered area of a Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network by using a localized mechanism. With the use of boundary detection mechanisms, the HDPCR detects the boundary of the network and calculates its area. HDPCR also detects holes and calculates their area precisely. By subtracting these two calculated values, the covered area of the network can be computed. Many related studies have evaluated the coverage rate approximately with error and require more calculations to reduce the error rate. HDPCR calculates the coverage rate precisely without an error rate using simple arithmetic calculations. The exhaustive simulation also shows the superiority of HDPCR as compared to the previous approaches. C1 [Kashi, Saeed Sedighian] KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Tehran, Iran. RP Kashi, SS (reprint author), KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Tehran, Iran. 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Desai, Swati Berkovits, Daniel Silberblatt, Renata TI A Managed-Participatory Approach to Community Resilience: The Case of the New York Rising Community Reconstruction Program SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article DE resilience planning; disaster recovery; managed-participatory; horizontal and vertical integration; NYRCR ID CITIZEN PARTICIPATION; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; PUBLIC-PARTICIPATION; RECOVERY; DISASTER; PLAN; CAPACITY; QUALITY AB Research shows that resilient communities are best achieved through active public participation, informed by local input. However, post-disaster strategies in the United States are typically federally led and top-down in nature. We present an exploratory case study of resilience planning in New York State in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, which is a combination of public participation and government supervision. 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 49 IS 3 BP 309 EP 324 DI 10.1177/0275074018804663 PG 16 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA HP1SQ UT WOS:000461448000004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Reuter, C Ludwig, T Mischur, P AF Reuter, Christian Ludwig, Thomas Mischur, Patrick TI RescueGlass: Collaborative Applications involving Head-Mounted Displays for Red Cross Rescue Dog Units SO COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK-THE JOURNAL OF COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Head-mounted displays; Smartphone; Rescue dog units; Emergency management; Collaboration; Empirical study; Prototype; Evaluation ID AUGMENTED REALITY; GOOGLE GLASS; INFORMATION; SUPPORT AB On-site work of emergency service teams consists of highly cooperative tasks. Especially during distributed search and rescue tasks there is a constant mix of routinized and non-routinized activities. Within this paper we focus on the work practices of the German Red Cross Rescue Dog Units who deal with several uncertainties regarding the involved dogs, the fragility of the respective situations as well as issues of using technologies under enormous time pressure. Smart glasses provide possibilities for enhanced and hands-free interaction in various contexts and a number of approaches have already been applied, aiming at efficient use of the respective technological innovation in private and professional contexts. However, the collaborative potential of smart glasses in time-critical and uncertain situations is still unexplored. Our design case study examines how the on-site work of emergency service teams can be supported by smart glasses: Based on examining the work practices of the German Red Cross Rescue Dogs, we introduce 'RescueGlass' as a coordinative concept, encompassing hands-free head-mounted display (HMD) application as well as a corresponding smartphone application. Finally, we describe the evaluation of its use in the field of emergency response and management. We show how current features such as 'fog of war' or various sensors support the cooperative practices of dog handlers, and outline current technical limitations offering future research questions. Our paper provides an initial design probe using smart glasses to engage in the field of collaborative professional mobile tasks. C1 [Reuter, Christian] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Sci & Technol Peace & Secur PEASEC, Karolinenpl 5, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Ludwig, Thomas] Univ Siegen, CPS, Siegen, Germany. [Mischur, Patrick] Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, Siegen, Germany. RP Reuter, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Sci & Technol Peace & Secur PEASEC, Karolinenpl 5, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. 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Work PD APR PY 2019 VL 28 IS 1-2 BP 209 EP 246 DI 10.1007/s10606-018-9339-8 PG 38 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA HO8VO UT WOS:000461237600003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tironi, M Manriquez, T AF Tironi, Manuel Manriquez, Tania TI Lateral knowledge: shifting expertise for disaster management in Chile SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE disaster management; expertise; local knowledge; politics; uncertainty ID CHALLENGES; FRAMEWORK; ACTIVISM; WAKE; LAY AB Deemed as technocratic and exclusionary, disaster management has failed in its promise of knowing, let alone controlling, catastrophic events. Consequently, disaster managers are searching outside of science for sense-making analytics. This paper analyses the emergent narratives articulated by disaster managers in Chile to cope with the uncertain nature of their object of intervention. It explores how knowledge of disasters is modified and enriched by disaster managers in what is termed here as 'lateral knowledge': the epistemic adjustment by which practitioners revalidate their expert status by expanding key assumptions about disaster risk reduction. The study, which draws on in-depth interviews with disaster managers in Chile, suggests that lateral knowledge is established both through the increasing validation of community knowledge and the recognition of politics as a critical mediator in the practice of disaster management. The paper concludes by making the larger point that public understanding of science scholars should pay more attention to the adapting capacities of expertise. C1 [Tironi, Manuel] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Sociol, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860,Casilla 306,Correo 22, Santiago, Chile. [Tironi, Manuel; Manriquez, Tania] Ctr Invest Gest Integrada Riesgo Desastres, Macul, Chile. 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These emergency orders must be attended by repair crews in an attempt to reestablish the power supply all over the system. Assuming a set of these emergency orders, the network operation center (NOC) must find a scheduling so that they are all attended by the repair crews and the power supply reestablished as soon as possible, while considering the minimization of the total service cost. Distributed generation (DG) may be one alternative for furnishing temporally power supply, such as photovoltaic and wind power generation sources. In such approach, the islanding operation confers such a complexity when considering how much time should be needed to supply the affected loads and which ones may be even selected. This study proposes a novel matheuristic for emergency response to the contingency planning problem related to electric distribution operations, considering unforeseen islanding of DG. From using a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, based on the emergency order scheduling problem (EOSP) with islanding operation formulations, the optimization criteria involves the minimization of the cost of non-supplied energy and the penalties related to high important customers, while respecting electrical constraints. Computational results on the IEEE 33-bus system, modified with the insertion of DGs, show the effectiveness of the proposed solution on reducing the total attendance cost when compared to a traditional scheduling solution without considering the islanding operation. C1 [Schmitz, Magdiel; Garcia, Vincius Jacques; Bernardon, Daniel Pinheiro] Univ Fed Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Blvd, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. RP Schmitz, M (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Blvd, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. EM schmitzmagdiel@gmail.com RI Bernardon, Daniel P/M-6864-2017 OI Bernardon, Daniel P/0000-0002-7952-1049 FU RGE Sul Power Utility (CPFL Energia); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brazil (CAPES)CAPES [001]; National Institute of Science and Technology in Distributed Generation (INCT-GD) of Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Brazil (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [465640/2014-1]; National Institute of Science and Technology in Distributed Generation (INCT-GD) of Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Brazil (CAPES) [23038.000776/2017-54]; National Institute of Science and Technology in Distributed Generation (INCT-GD) of Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Brazil (FAPERGS) [17/2551-0000517-1] FX The authors would like to thank the technical and financial support of RGE Sul Power Utility (CPFL Energia) to the project "Planejamento Dinamico de Operacoes" (P&D/ANEEL). This study was also financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brazil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 and by the National Institute of Science and Technology in Distributed Generation (INCT-GD) of Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Brazil (CNPq process 465640/2014-1, CAPES process 23038.000776/2017-54 and FAPERGS 17/2551-0000517-1). 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PD APR PY 2019 VL 169 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.epsr.2018.12.013 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA HK8GL UT WOS:000458227300001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Savelli, CJ Bradshaw, A Ben Embarek, P Mateus, C AF Savelli, Carmen Joseph Bradshaw, Adam Ben Embarek, Peter Mateus, Ceu TI The FAO/WHO International Food Safety Authorities Network in Review, 2004-2018: Learning from the Past and Looking to the Future SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article DE food safety; foodborne illness; international networks; communication; emergency response; community of practice; INFOSAN; World Health Organization; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations AB Contemporary patterns of global food trade necessitate cross-border communication between government authorities when unsafe food enters international commerce. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO) International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN), established in 2004, facilitates urgent communication between >600 members from 188 of the 194 FAO and WHO Member States around the world and supports the strengthening of food safety systems in an effort to mitigate the global burden of foodborne disease. For nearly 15 years, INFOSAN has been operating as a global, virtual community of practice (CoP), fostering knowledge transfer and exchange between members, and enabling crucial international communication during food safety emergencies. During this time, a number of important partnerships have been forged, including with other networks like PulseNet International. Complementarity, and cooperation between global networks like INFOSAN and PulseNet is vital to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of global efforts to curb foodborne illness. Since 2011, detailed data related to the patterns of information exchange during 293 food safety emergencies communicated through INFOSAN have been documented systematically. An analysis of these data reveals that a relatively limited number of active members from a select group of Member States contribute the majority of information exchanged through the network. For example, nine (5%) Member States were each involved in 24 or more food safety events communicated through INFOSAN between 2011 and 2017, whereas 123 (65%) Member States were involved in three events or less, including 36 (19%) involved in none. These data also demonstrate that although the overall responsiveness of members during emergencies has improved in recent years, impediments to rapid and efficient information sharing still persist. A number of potential barriers to active participation in INFOSAN have been hypothesized, but members themselves have not been conferred with on their relative importance. As a member-driven network, future research to investigate the experiences of INFOSAN members in a rigorous and systematic manner is recommended. Such work could illuminate the specific areas in which to introduce operational shifts by the INFOSAN Secretariat, to strengthen the global CoP, increase the value of INFOSAN among members, and have a robust and meaningful impact at country level to reduce the burden of foodborne disease globally. C1 [Savelli, Carmen Joseph; Bradshaw, Adam; Ben Embarek, Peter] WHO, Dept Food Safety & Zoonoses, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Savelli, Carmen Joseph; Mateus, Ceu] Univ Lancaster, Div Hlth Res, Fac Hlth & Med, Lancaster, England. RP Savelli, CJ (reprint author), WHO, Dept Food Safety & Zoonoses, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. 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Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2019 VL 16 IS 7 SI SI BP 480 EP 488 DI 10.1089/fpd.2018.2582 EA MAR 2019 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA II7YL UT WOS:000462874000001 PM 30932688 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ajay, A AF Ajay, Anamika TI Role of technology in responding to disasters: insights from the great deluge in Kerala SO CURRENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Affected communities; crowdsourcing; deluge; disaster management; technology C1 [Ajay, Anamika] Natl Inst Adv Studies, IISc Campus, Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Ajay, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Studies, IISc Campus, Bengaluru 560012, Karnataka, India. 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PD MAR 25 PY 2019 VL 116 IS 6 BP 913 EP 918 DI 10.18520/cs/v116/i6/913-918 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HQ0ME UT WOS:000462088300020 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Noh, SJ Lee, JH Lee, S Seo, DJ AF Noh, Seong Jin Lee, Jun-Hak Lee, Seungsoo Seo, Dong-Jun TI Retrospective Dynamic Inundation Mapping of Hurricane Harvey Flooding in the Houston Metropolitan Area Using High-Resolution Modeling and High-Performance Computing SO WATER LA English DT Article DE dynamic inundation mapping; Hurricane Harvey; high-resolution modeling ID SIMULATION AB Hurricane Harvey was one of the most extreme weather events to occur in Texas, USA; there was a huge amount of urban flooding in the city of Houston and the adjoining coastal areas. In this study, we reanalyze the spatiotemporal evolution of inundation during Hurricane Harvey using high-resolution two-dimensional urban flood modeling. This study's domain includes the bayou basins in and around the Houston metropolitan area. The flood model uses the dynamic wave method and terrain data of 10-m resolution. It is forced by radar-based quantitative precipitation estimates. To evaluate the simulated inundation, on-site photos and water level observations were used. The inundation extent and severity are estimated by combining the retrieved water depths, images collected from the impacted area, and high-resolution terrain data. The simulated maximum inundation extent, which is frequently found outside of the designated flood zones, points out the importance of capturing multi-scale hydrodynamics in the built environment under extreme rainfall for effective flood risk and emergency management. C1 [Noh, Seong Jin; Seo, Dong-Jun] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Lee, Jun-Hak] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Lee, Seungsoo] APEC Climate Ctr, Predict Res Team, Pusan 48058, South Korea. RP Lee, S (reprint author), APEC Climate Ctr, Predict Res Team, Pusan 48058, South Korea. EM seongjin.noh@gmail.com; junhak@uta.edu; seungsoo_lee@apcc21.org; djseo@uta.edu OI LEE, SEUNGSOO/0000-0002-1537-5417; Noh, Seong Jin/0000-0002-2683-7269 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CyberSEES-1442735]; NOAA/OAR/OWAQ/JTTI [NA17OAR4590174]; APEC Climate Center FX The support for S.J.N and D.-J.S. was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CyberSEES-1442735 (Dong-Jun Seo, University of Texas at Arlington, PI) and by NOAA/OAR/OWAQ/JTTI under Grant NA17OAR4590174. S.L. acknowledges the support from the APEC Climate Center. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) resource-Stampede2 at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin through allocations TG-EAR190003 and iSPUW. 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Leggoe, Jeremy W. Aman, Zachary M. TI The use of computational fluid dynamics to predict the turbulent dissipation rate and droplet size in a stirred autoclave SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Computational fluid dynamics; Droplet size; Turbulence modeling; Scaling ID TANK; FLOW; IMPELLER; MODELS AB The prediction of droplet sizes in emulsions is important for fields ranging from the chemical process industry to emergency planning in the event of an underwater oil release. Typically scale models have needed to be built and the results scaled up, but as computational resources have grown and turbulence models have matured it has become possible to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the behaviour of the fluid/s. While direct simulation of multiphase breakup at high Reynolds number is currently computationally impractical, this paper looks into the use of CFD along with a correlation function based on maximum turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate to predict the Sauter mean diameter of droplets in a 1 in. baffle-and-vane type autoclave. The results show that using a RNG-k epsilon turbulence model with a simplified 2D geometry gave droplet sizes within 26.2 mu m of the Sauter mean diameter observed in experiments with no additional tuning of parameters. Correlating pipe and autoclave flows through the Reynolds number and the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate was also investigated. Using the traditional definitions of the Reynolds numbers the correlation is poor, the coefficient of determination of the linear fit to the log-log data is 0.64. The first modification replaced the diameter of the blade as characteristic length with the tip swept circumference which increased the coefficient of determination to 0.960. A further modification using data obtained from the turbulent fields of the simulation showed a significant improvement with the coefficient of determination increasing to 0.988. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Booth, Craig P.; Leggoe, Jeremy W.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Aman, Zachary M.] Univ Western Australia, Fluid Sci & Resources Div, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Booth, CP (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM craig.booth@uwa.edu.au RI Aman, Zachary/E-4433-2010 OI Aman, Zachary/0000-0003-4496-3303 FU Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative/C-IMAGE II [SA 12-10] FX This research was made possible by a grant from The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative/C-IMAGE II, No. SA 12-10. Data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7266/n7-s3m1-x947). 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TI Environmental Hazards: A Coverage Response Approach SO FUTURE INTERNET LA English DT Article DE environmental hazards; smart systems; psycho-social; smart cities; emergency response; vulnerability; society; forecast; deterministic; observations ID SOCIAL VULNERABILITY; WEATHER EVENTS; CLIMATE; PREDICTION; IMPACT; MODEL; MEDIA; CITY; COMMUNICATION; PRECIPITATION AB The rapid rise and implementation of Smart Systems (i.e., multi-functional observation and platform systems that depict settings and/or identify situations or features of interest, often in real-time) has inversely paralleled and readily exposed the reduced capacity of human and societal systems to effectively respond to environmental hazards. This overarching review and essay explores the complex set of interactions found among Smart, Societal, and Environmental Systems. The resulting rise in the poorly performing response solutions to environmental hazards that has occurred despite best practices, detailed forecast information, and the use and application of real-time in situ observational platforms are considered. The application of Smart Systems, relevant architectures, and ever-increasing numbers of applications and tools development by individuals as they interact with Smart Systems offers a means to ameliorate and resolve confounding found among all of the interdependent Systems. The interactions of human systems with environmental hazards further expose society's complex operational vulnerabilities and gaps in response to such threats. An examination of decision-making, the auto-reactive nature of responses before, during, and after environmental hazards; and the lack of scalability and comparability are presented with regard to the prospects of applying probabilistic methods, cross-scale time and space domains; anticipated impacts, and the need to account for multimodal actions and reactions-including psycho-social contributions. Assimilation of these concepts and principles in Smart System architectures, applications, and tools is essential to ensure future viability and functionalities with regard to environmental hazards and to produce an effective set of societal engagement responses. Achieving the promise of Smart Systems relative to environmental hazards will require an extensive transdisciplinary approach to tie psycho-social behaviors directly with non-human components and systems in order to close actionable gaps in response. 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Here, flood or strong-wind game simulations seek to represent the players' realistic uncertainties and dilemmas embedded in the real-time forecasting-warning processes. The game was first tested in two scientific workshops in Finland and France, where European researchers, developers, forecasters and civil protection representatives played the simulations. Two other game sessions were organized afterwards (i) with undergraduate university students in France and (ii) with Finnish stakeholders involved in the management of hazardous weather emergencies. First results indicate that multi-model developments and crowdsourcing tools increase the level of confidence in the decision-making under pressure. We found that the role-playing approach facilitates interdisciplinary cooperation and argumentation on emergency response in a fun and interactive manner. The ANYCaRE experiment was proposed, therefore, as a valuable learning tool to enhance participants' understanding of the complexities and challenges met by various actors in weather-related emergency management. C1 [Terti, Galateia; Ruin, Isabelle] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP,IGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Kalas, Milan; Sabbatini, Tommaso; Lorini, Valerio] KAJO Sro, Sladkovicova, Slovakia. [Lang, Ilona] Finnish Meteorol Inst, POB 503, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Cangros i Alonso, Arnau] Catalan Water Agcy, ACA, Barcelona 08036, Catalonia, Spain. RP Terti, G (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP,IGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France. EM galateia.terti@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [700099, H2020-DRS-1-2015] FX This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (H2020-DRS-1-2015) under grant agreement no. 700099. 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PD MAR 13 PY 2019 VL 19 IS 3 BP 507 EP 533 DI 10.5194/nhess-19-507-2019 PG 27 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HO8CF UT WOS:000461176400002 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tao, ZG Zhang, HJ Zhu, C Hao, ZL Zhang, XL Hu, X AF Tao, Zhigang Zhang, Haijiang Zhu, Chun Hao, Zhenli Zhang, Xiulian Hu, Xiao TI Design and operation of App-based intelligent landslide monitoring system: the case of Three Gorges Reservoir Region SO GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK LA English DT Article DE Landslide; sliding force monitoring; cloud service; mobile application; early warning system ID BOLT AB Nowadays, mobile applications (Apps) have become a main form of mobile Internet services, and related applications in the geological disaster monitoring domain must follow this development trend. In this study, an innovative remote and intelligent landslide monitoring system was designed and developed, which can capture the in-depth sliding force state of the slope in real time. When it reaches the early warning threshold, the system immediately transmits the warning information to user terminals and warns users to initiate corresponding risk-avoidance plans. Next, using the developed system, an App of early warning information publishing program was developed to transmit the acquired sliding- force data by field monitoring devices to servers via Beidou Satellite or GPRS base station. The App can inquire background servers via WiFi or 4G for acquiring the monitoring data and curves of the side slope. Finally, the developed system was applied for the monitoring of the sliding mass in Zhoujiawan, Badong County, the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. The monitoring personnel could locate and inspect the failure characteristics of the deformation region in a timely manner using the developed App. The App data exhibited significant correlation and consistency with the monitored results, thus enhancing the inspection efficiency and allowing an effective emergency response. C1 [Tao, Zhigang; Zhang, Haijiang; Zhu, Chun; Hao, Zhenli; Zhang, Xiulian; Hu, Xiao] State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tao, Zhigang; Zhang, Haijiang; Zhu, Chun; Hao, Zhenli; Zhang, Xiulian; Hu, Xiao] China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Mech & Civil Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Haijiang] Shaoxing Univ, Expt Ctr Rock Mech & Geol Disaster, Shaoxing, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Chun] Jilin Univ, Coll Construct Engn, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, C; Zhang, XL (reprint author), State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.; Zhu, C; Zhang, XL (reprint author), China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Mech & Civil Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.; Zhu, C (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Coll Construct Engn, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. EM zhuchuncumtb@163.com; 422522141@qq.com FU Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province [2019C03104] FX This work was supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 2019C03104). 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J. Commun. Syst. PD MAR 10 PY 2019 VL 32 IS 4 AR e3883 DI 10.1002/dac.3883 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA HL6RS UT WOS:000458863800008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hu, LQ Wilhelmi, OV Uejio, C AF Hu, Leiqiu Wilhelmi, Olga V. Uejio, Christopher TI Assessment of heat exposure in cities: Combining the dynamics of temperature and population SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Heat exposure; Urban heat island; Excessive heat events; Satellite remote sensing; Commute-adjusted population ID LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; URBAN; MORTALITY; WAVE; IMPACT; ISLAND AB Urban populations are typically subject to higher outdoor heat exposure than nearby rural areas due to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Excessive Heat Events (EHEs) further amplify heat stress imposed on city dwellers. Heat exposure largely depends on the spatial and temporal distribution of temperature and population, however, few studies considered their concurrent variations. To better characterize exposure to heat in the context of long-term urban climatology and during excessive heat events, this study focuses on the dynamics of ambient temperature and population and proposes an open-data-based approach for spatiotemporal analysis of urban exposure to heat by using air temperature estimated from satellite observations and commute-adjusted diurnal population calculated primarily on the Census Transportation Planning Products. We use the metropolitan area of Chicago, U. S. A. as a case study to analyze the urban heat pattern changes during EHEs and their influence on population heat exposure diurnally. The intraurban spatiotemporal analysis reveals that the population's exposure to heat changes fast as the nighttime temperature increases and the EHEs increase the spatial exposure impact due to the ubiquitous higher nocturnal temperature over the Chicago metropolitan area. "Hotspots" associated with a higher temperature and greater number of urban residents are identified in the heat exposure map. Meanwhile, the spatial extent of high ambient exposure areas varies diurnally. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamic heat exposure patterns in urban areas. The approaches presented in this article can be used for informing heat mitigation as well as emergency response strategies at specific times and locations. (c) 2018 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Leiqiu] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Wilhelmi, Olga V.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Uejio, Christopher] Florida State Univ, Dept Geog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Hu, LQ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM leiqiu.hu@uah.edu; olgaw@ucar.edu; cuejio@fsu.edu OI Hu, Leiqiu/0000-0002-1867-2521 FU New Faculty Research Program at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, and Advanced Study Program at the National Center for Atmospheric Research FX This research is partly supported by the New Faculty Research Program at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, and Advanced Study Program at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on the manuscript. 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In this paper, we explore an approach based on participatory sensing (i.e., a subset of mobile crowdsourcing that emphasizes the active and intentional participation of citizens to collect data from the place where they live or work). We operate with the hypothesis of a "friendly world", that is by assuming that after a calamitous event, in the survivors prevails the feeling of helping those who suffer. The extraction, from the Twitter repository, of the few tweets relevant to the event of interest has a long processing time. With the aggravating circumstance in the phase that follows a severe earthquake, the elaboration of tweets clashes with the need to act promptly. Our proposal allows a huge reduction of the processing time. This goal is reached by introducing a service and a mobile app, the latter is an intermediate tool between Twitter and the citizens, suitable to assist them to write structured messages that act as surrogates of tweets. The article describes the architecture of the software service and the steps involved in the retrieval, from the Twitter server, of the messages coming from citizens living in the places hit by the earthquake; moreover, it details the storage of those messages into a geographical database and their processing using SQL. C1 [Di Felice, Paolino] Univ Aquila, Dept Ind & Informat Engn & Econ, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Iessi, Michele] Univ Aquila, Dept Informat Engn Comp Sci & Math, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. RP Di Felice, P (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dept Ind & Informat Engn & Econ, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. EM paolino.difelice@univaq.it; iessimichele@gmail.com FU University of L'Aquila FX This research was funded by a grant from the University of L'Aquila. 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We present the Disaster Response Agent-based network Management and Adaptation System (DRAMAS) model, which uses stochastic processes to model the complex interactions between relief agencies of different sizes and capabilities. The DRAMAS simulation environment provide an excellent testing ground for hypotheses regarding relief agency partnerships, goals, roles, and prior involvement, by providing a depiction of the change in agency partnerships and resource investments following a disaster. The goal of this research is to expand the current body of knowledge and examine the fundamental principles of agency success during relief operations. We find that (a) larger relief networks tended to be less efficient at meeting the typical needs of the community, (b) having a relief network with more agents appeared to increase the time it took for a typical need, (c) having a high percentage of local agents resulted in an increased time for typical services, (d) a more dense network resulted in more effective identification of long-term needs and also improved services time, etc. Results from this work provide a path for improving our understanding of interagency partnerships and interaction, and could provide new insights into the behavior of agency networks in response to a disaster. C1 [Coles, John B.] CUBRC Inc, Buffalo, NY USA. [Zhang, Jing; Zhuang, Jun] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Zhuang, J (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM jzhuang@buffalo.edu RI Zhuang, Jun/E-8081-2010 OI Zhuang, Jun/0000-0003-4830-6570 FU U.S. National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1200899, 1261058, 1334930]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) through the National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) [2010-ST-061-RE0001] FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through a Graduate Research Fellowship and others [grant numbers 1200899, 1261058, and 1334930]. This research was also partially supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) through the National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) [grant number 2010-ST-061-RE0001]. However, any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect views of the NSF, DHS, or CREATE. 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Effectiveness of the procedure in mapping medium-high spatial resolution burned areas at the national level was demonstrated for a case study on the 2017 Italy wildfires. Thematic maps generated under the Copernicus Emergency Management Service were used as reference products to assess the accuracy of the results. Multitemporal series of three different spectral indices, describing wildfire disturbance, were used to identify burned areas and compared to identify their performances in terms of spectral separability. Result showed a total burned area for the Italian country in the year 2017 of around 1400 km(2), with the proposed methodology generating a commission error of around 25% and an omission error of around 40%. Results demonstrate how the proposed procedure allows for the medium-high resolution mapping of burned areas, offering a benchmark for the development of new operational downstreaming services at the national level based on Copernicus data for the systematic monitoring of wildfires. C1 [Filipponi, Federico] Via Michelangelo Tamburini 8, I-00154 Rome, Italy. RP Filipponi, F (reprint author), Via Michelangelo Tamburini 8, I-00154 Rome, Italy. 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PD MAR 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 6 AR 622 DI 10.3390/rs11060622 PG 19 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HU9LG UT WOS:000465615300021 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rogic, N Cappello, A Ferrucci, F AF Rogic, Nikola Cappello, Annalisa Ferrucci, Fabrizio TI Role of Emissivity in Lava Flow "Distance-to-Run' Estimates from Satellite-Based Volcano Monitoring SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE emissivity; lava flow modeling; remote sensing; volcano monitoring ID ERUPTION; ETNA; SPECTROSCOPY; KRAFLA; ASTER; FOGO AB Remote sensing is an established technological solution for bridging critical gaps in volcanic hazard assessment and risk mitigation. The enormous amount of remote sensing data available today at a range of temporal and spatial resolutions can aid emergency management in volcanic crises by detecting and measuring high-temperature thermal anomalies and providing lava flow propagation forecasts. In such thermal estimates, an important role is played by emissivitythe efficiency with which a surface radiates its thermal energy at various wavelengths. Emissivity has a close relationship with land surface temperatures and radiant fluxes, and it impacts directly on the prediction of lava flow behavior, as mass flux estimates depend on measured radiant fluxes. Since emissivity is seldom measured and mostly assumed, we aimed to fill this gap in knowledge by carrying out a multi-stage experiment, combining laboratory-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses, remote sensing data, and numerical modeling. We tested the capacity for reproducing emissivity from spaceborne observations using ASTER Global Emissivity Database (GED) while assessing the spatial heterogeneity of emissivity. Our laboratory-satellite emissivity values were used to establish a realistic land surface temperature from a high-resolution spaceborne payload (ETM+) to obtain an instant temperature-radiant flux and eruption rate results for the 2001 Mount Etna (Italy) eruption. Forward-modeling tests conducted on the 2001 aa' lava flow by means of the MAGFLOW Cellular Automata code produced differences of up to similar to 600 m in the simulated lava flow distance-to-run' for a range of emissivity values. Given the density and proximity of urban settlements on and around Mount Etna, these results may have significant implications for civil protection and urban planning applications. C1 [Rogic, Nikola; Ferrucci, Fabrizio] Open Univ, Sch Environm Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Cappello, Annalisa] Osservatorio Etneo, Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Ferrucci, Fabrizio] Univ Calabria, Dept Environm & Chem Engn, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. 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PD MAR 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 6 AR 662 DI 10.3390/rs11060662 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HU9LG UT WOS:000465615300041 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Vallejo-Villalta, I Rodriguez-Navas, E Marquez-Perez, J AF Vallejo-Villalta, Ismael Rodriguez-Navas, Estefania Marquez-Perez, Joaquin TI Mapping Forest Fire Risk at a Local Scale-A Case Study in Andalusia (Spain) SO ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE forest fire; risk; hazard; vulnerability; GIS ID SOCIAL VULNERABILITY; VEGETATION INDEX; PATTERNS; HAZARD AB Forest fires are a critical environmental problem facing current societies, with serious repercussions at ecological, economic and personal safety levels. Detailed maps enabling identification of areas liable to be affected is an indispensable first step allowing different prevention and protection measures vis-a-vis this kind of phenomenon. These maps could be especially valuable for use in land management and emergency planning at a municipality scale. A methodology is shown for producing local maps of mid- and short-term forest fire risk, integrating both natural and human factors. Among natural factors, variables normally used in hazard models are considered as fuel models, slopes or vegetation moisture stress. From the human perspective, more novel aspects have been evaluated, meant either to assess human-induced hazard (closeness to forestland of causative elements or the ability of people to penetrate the forest environment), or to assess vulnerability, considering the population's location in urban centres and scattered settlements. The methodology is applied in a municipality of Andalusia (Spain) and obtained results were compared to burned areas maps. C1 [Vallejo-Villalta, Ismael; Rodriguez-Navas, Estefania; Marquez-Perez, Joaquin] Univ Seville, Dept Phys Geog & Reg Geog Anal, Seville 41004, Spain. 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The paper proposes a mathematical programming formulation of the Fleet Deployment with Maximal Covering problem and combines analysis of this problem with tradespace exploration and epoch-era analysis. A solution of the mathematical program provides an optimal deployment plan for a given fleet in a given context. The objective function value provides a measure of effectiveness for the fleet alternative. By evaluating the effectiveness of a set of alternative fleets in several alternative scenarios using epoch-era analysis we obtain strategic insights about dynamic trade-offs and provide decision support for fleet size and mix planning The paper reconciles the use of mathematical programming for measurement of fleet effectiveness with a design of experiments approach to concept exploration under uncertainty. 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PD MAR 1 PY 2019 VL 131 IS 1 BP 65 EP 82 PG 18 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA IO1YN UT WOS:000479177900009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tanzi, TJ Isnard, J AF Tanzi, Tullio Joseph Isnard, Jean TI Autonomous system for data collection: Location and mapping issues in post-disaster environment SO COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT URSI-France Workshop on Geolocation and Navigation - In Space and Time CY MAR 28-29, 2018 CL Paris, FRANCE SP URSI France DE Embedded sensors; Autonomous system; Real-time ID ARCHITECTURE AB Disaster relief requires many resources. Depending on the circumstances of each event, it is important to rapidly choose the suitable means to respond to the emergency intervention. A brief review of the conditions and means demonstrated the usefulness of an autonomous stand-alone machine for these missions. If many techniques and technologies exist, their relevant combination to achieve such a system presents several challenges. This communication tries to outline the possible achievement of an autonomous vehicle under these particular circumstances. This paper focuses on the specific working conditions and welcomes future contributions from robotics and artificial intelligence. In the necessarily limited scope of this article, the authors focus on a particularly critical aspect: location. Indeed, this machine is intended to evolve in heterogeneous and dangerous environment and without any outside contacts that could last up to several days. This blackout, due to the propagation difficulties of electromagnetic waves in the ground, induces an independence of the localisation process and makes the use of any radio navigation support system (GNSS), most of the time, impossible. The knowledge of the position of the system, both for navigation of the autonomous system (Rover) and location of targets (victims buried under debris) must be able to be estimated without contributions from external systems. Inertial classical techniques, odometer, etc., have to be adapted to these conditions during a long period without external support. These techniques also have to take into account that energy optimisation requests the use of low-power processors. Consequently, only poor computing capacity is available on-board. The article starts with a presentation of the context of a post-disaster situation as well as the main missions of Search and Rescue (SaR). It is followed by the analysis of autonomous navigation located in a post-earthquake situation. We will then discuss means to determine the attitude of the autonomous system and its position. The interest of hybridisation with external systems - whenever possible -, will be evaluated with a view to correcting deviations suffered by the system during its mission. Finally, prospects and future work are presented. (C) 2019 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Tanzi, Tullio Joseph] Telecom ParisTech, LTCI, Inst Mines Telecom, Paris, France. [Isnard, Jean] URSI France, Paris, France. RP Tanzi, TJ (reprint author), Telecom ParisTech, LTCI, Inst Mines Telecom, Paris, France. 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Phys. PD MAR-APR PY 2019 VL 20 IS 3 BP 204 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.crhy.2019.03.001 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA IM0FQ UT WOS:000477662300006 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhang, H Bie, ZH Li, GF Lin, YL AF Zhang, Han Bie, Zhaohong Li, Gengfeng Lin, Yanling TI Assessment method and metrics of power system resilience after disasters SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE LA English DT Article DE business continuity; load flow; power engineering computing; maintenance engineering; distributed power generation; power transmission economics; disasters; assessment method; power system resilience; disasters; power supply; important load; research existing; load loss; clear methodologies; power system post-disaster recovery strategy; assessment metrics; load nodes; given the repair strategies; load recovery procedure; corresponding metrics; different restoration strategies; system decision makers; 14-bus system ID EXTREME AB How to restore the load of power system after disasters, especially to guarantee the power supply of the important load, is a significant segment of the research on power system resilience. Nowadays, quantities of research existing has been done to reduce the load loss after disasters. However, there is no clear methodologies or metrics available to evaluate the effects of restoration strategies. Here, a method for evaluating the recovery and economic efficiency of the power system post-disaster recovery strategy is explored, and assessment metrics related are defined. The method considers the repair and recovery process of transmission lines, generators, and the distributed generation at load nodes. After given the repair strategies, components state sampling and system power flow calculation will be conducted to analyse the running state of the system, then simulate the component repair and the load recovery procedure, and finally calculate corresponding metrics. This novel method can obtain and compare the expected effects of different restoration strategies in advance, providing more reliable reference information for system decision makers. Finally, the proposed method is applied to IEEE 14-bus system and verifies its effectiveness and application value. C1 [Zhang, Han; Bie, Zhaohong; Li, Gengfeng; Lin, Yanling] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Elect Insulat & Power Equipment, Smart Grid Key Lab Shaanxi Prov, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Elect Insulat & Power Equipment, Smart Grid Key Lab Shaanxi Prov, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM augustzh@l63.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51577147]; Science and Technology Project of State Grid, China [5202011600UG] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51577147) and Science and Technology Project of State Grid, China (5202011600UG). 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Eng.-JOE PD MAR PY 2019 IS 16 BP 880 EP 883 DI 10.1049/joe.2018.8661 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA IA3MJ UT WOS:000469467100045 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ionescu, TB AF Ionescu, Tudor B. TI Simulation, Epistemic Opacity, and "Envirotechnical Ignorance' in Nuclear Crisis SO MINDS AND MACHINES LA English DT Article DE Simulation; Decision support; Nuclear accident; Fukushima; Epistemic opacity; Non-knowledge; Ignorance ID FUKUSHIMA; CONSEQUENCES; INFORMATION; KNOWLEDGE; ACCIDENT; POLITICS; DISASTER; ENERGY; LIMITS AB The Fukushima nuclear accident from 2011 provided an occasion for the public display of radiation maps (or dose projections) generated using decision-support systems for nuclear emergency management. Such systems rely on computer models for simulating the atmospheric dispersion of radioactive materials and estimating potential doses in the event of a radioactive release from a nuclear reactor. In Germany, as in Japan, such systems are part of the national emergency response apparatus and, in case of accidents, they can be used by emergency task forces for planning radioprotection countermeasures. In this context, the paper addresses the epistemology of dose projections by critically analyzing some of the sources of epistemic opacity and non-knowledge (or ignorance) affecting them, and the different methods and practicesused by German radioprotection experts to improve their trustworthiness and reliability. It will be argued that dose projections are part of an entire radioprotection regime or assemblage built around the belief that the effects of nuclear accidents can be effectively mitigated thanks tothe simulation technologies underlying different protocols and practices of nuclear preparedness. And, as the Fukushima experience showed, some of these expectations will not be met in real emergencies due to the inherent uncertainties entailed by the use of dose projections when planning protective countermeasures. C1 [Ionescu, Tudor B.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Management Sci, Theresianumgasse 27, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP Ionescu, TB (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Management Sci, Theresianumgasse 27, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM tudor.ionescu@tuwien.ac.at FU TU Wien (TUW) FX Open access funding provided by TU Wien (TUW). I would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful and detailed suggestions, which helped me to improve this manuscript to a considerable extent. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 29 IS 1 SI SI BP 61 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s11023-018-9488-z PG 26 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA HW8RD UT WOS:000466956500005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Niyomubyeyi, O Pilesjo, P Mansourian, A AF Niyomubyeyi, Olive Pilesjo, Petter Mansourian, Ali TI Evacuation Planning Optimization Based on a Multi-Objective Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE evacuation planning; multi-objective artificial bee colony; spatial optimization; swarm intelligence; geographic information system (GIS) ID EVOLUTIONARY OPTIMIZATION; SPATIAL OPTIMIZATION; EMERGENCY SHELTERS; ALLOCATION; MODEL; NAVIGATION; AREA AB Evacuation is an important activity for reducing the number of casualties and amount of damage in disaster management. Evacuation planning is tackled as a spatial optimization problem. The decision-making process for evacuation involves high uncertainty, conflicting objectives, and spatial constraints. This study presents a Multi-Objective Artificial Bee Colony (MOABC) algorithm, modified to provide a better solution to the evacuation problem. The new approach combines random swap and random insertion methods for neighborhood search, the two-point crossover operator, and the Pareto-based method. For evacuation planning, two objective functions were considered to minimize the total traveling distance from an affected area to shelters and to minimize the overload capacity of shelters. The developed model was tested on real data from the city of Kigali, Rwanda. From computational results, the proposed model obtained a minimum fitness value of 5.80 for capacity function and 8.72 x 10(8) for distance function, within 161 s of execution time. Additionally, in this research we compare the proposed algorithm with Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and the existing Multi-Objective Artificial Bee Colony algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed MOABC outperforms the current methods both in terms of computational time and better solutions with minimum fitness values. Therefore, developing MOABC is recommended for applications such as evacuation planning, where a fast-running and efficient model is needed. C1 [Niyomubyeyi, Olive; Pilesjo, Petter; Mansourian, Ali] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Niyomubyeyi, Olive] Univ Rwanda, Coll Sci & Technol, Ctr Geog Informat Syst & Remote Sensing, Kigali 4285, Rwanda. [Pilesjo, Petter; Mansourian, Ali] Lund Univ, Ctr Middle Eastern Studies, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Niyomubyeyi, O (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.; Niyomubyeyi, O (reprint author), Univ Rwanda, Coll Sci & Technol, Ctr Geog Informat Syst & Remote Sensing, Kigali 4285, Rwanda. EM olive.niyomubyeyi@nateko.lu.se; petter.pilesjo@gis.lu.se; ali.mansourian@nateko.lu.se OI Mansourian, Ali/0000-0001-6812-4307 FU Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) through the SIDA-University of Rwanda Program, GIS Sub-Program FX This research was funded by the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) through the SIDA-University of Rwanda Program, GIS Sub-Program. CR Ai B, 2015, GEO-SPAT INF SCI, V18, P43, DOI 10.1080/10095020.2015.1017910 Akbari R, 2012, SWARM EVOL COMPUT, V2, P39, DOI 10.1016/j.swevo.2011.08.001 Alcada-Almeida L, 2009, GEOGR ANAL, V41, P9, DOI 10.1111/j.1538-4632.2009.00745.x Bizimana JP, 2010, GEOTECH ENVIRON, V2, P99, DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-2238-7_6 Brownlee J., 2012, CLEVER ALGORITHMS NA Caunhye A. 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Geo-Inf. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 8 IS 3 AR 110 DI 10.3390/ijgi8030110 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HU9QY UT WOS:000465630200003 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, JC Yu, MZ Qin, H Lu, MY Yang, CW AF Yang, Jingchao Yu, Manzhu Qin, Han Lu, Mingyue Yang, Chaowei TI A Twitter Data Credibility FrameworkHurricane Harvey as a Use Case SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE social media; twitter; credibility; crowdsourcing; hurricane; location extraction; gazetteer; spatiotemporal patterns; natural hazard ID EVENT DETECTION; SOCIAL MEDIA; DISASTER; ANALYTICS; QUALITY AB Social media data have been used to improve geographic situation awareness in the past decade. Although they have free and openly availability advantages, only a small proportion is related to situation awareness, and reliability or trustworthiness is a challenge. A credibility framework is proposed for Twitter data in the context of disaster situation awareness. The framework is derived from crowdsourcing, which states that errors propagated in volunteered information decrease as the number of contributors increases. In the proposed framework, credibility is hierarchically assessed on two tweet levels. The framework was tested using Hurricane Harvey Twitter data, in which situation awareness related tweets were extracted using a set of predefined keywords including power, shelter, damage, casualty, and flood. For each tweet, text messages and associated URLs were integrated to enhance the information completeness. Events were identified by aggregating tweets based on their topics and spatiotemporal characteristics. Credibility for events was calculated and analyzed against the spatial, temporal, and social impacting scales. This framework has the potential to calculate the evolving credibility in real time, providing users insight on the most important and trustworthy events. C1 [Yang, Jingchao; Yu, Manzhu; Qin, Han; Lu, Mingyue; Yang, Chaowei] George Mason Univ, NSF Spatiotemporal Innovat Ctr, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Yang, Jingchao; Yu, Manzhu; Qin, Han; Lu, Mingyue; Yang, Chaowei] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & GeoInformat Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Qin, Han] Ankura Consulting Grp LLC, 1220 19th St NW 700, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Lu, Mingyue] Nanjing Univ Informat Engn, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Yang, CW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, NSF Spatiotemporal Innovat Ctr, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Yang, CW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & GeoInformat Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM jyang43@gmu.edu; myu7@gmu.edu; hqin@gmu.edu; mlu@gmu.edu; cyang43@gmu.edu RI Yang, Chaowei/A-9881-2017 OI Yang, Chaowei/0000-0001-7768-4066 FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [IIP-1338925] FX This project is funded by NSF (IIP-1338925). 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Geo-Inf. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 8 IS 3 AR 111 DI 10.3390/ijgi8030111 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HU9QY UT WOS:000465630200004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Youm, S Kim, C Choi, S Kang, YS AF Youm, Sekyoung Kim, Changgyun Choi, Seunghyun Kang, Yong-Shin TI Development of a methodology to predict and monitor emergency situations of the elderly based on object detection SO MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE TensorFlow; Pose recognition; The elderly; Emergency situation recognition; Object-detection AB Because on the increase in the number of the elderly living alone and accidents occurring to them, the demand for a monitoring system capable of supporting fast response in case of an emergency situation by monitoring their everyday life in their residential spaces has been increasing. A framework and a system are presented to monitor the emergency situations of the elderly living alone using a low-cost device and open-source software. First, human pose recognition and emergency situations according to the pose change were defined using object recognition, and a procedure capable of detecting such situations was proposed. In addition, a pose recognition model was created using the TensorFlow Object Detection application programming interface (API) of Google to implement the procedure. Using a data preprocessing process and the created model, a system capable of detecting emergency situations and sounding an alarm was implemented. To verify the proposed system, the pose recognition success rate was examined, and an experiment on emergency situation recognition was performed while the angle and distance of the camera were varied in a setup similar to the residential environment. 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Due to vulnerabilities of GNSS and fluctuating performance of map-matching in different scenarios, it is necessary to monitor the integrity of GNSS and map-matching. Especially in some mission-critical ITS applications such as route guidance, emergency management, electronic payment which are concerned with the safety of people and property. This research proposes a combined navigation integrity monitoring system to detect both positioning fault from GNSS and MM with the support of INS. To ensure that the receivers receive a sufficient navigation signal to carry out the integrity algorithm, this paper improves a multi-constellation GNSS integrity algorithm to detect GNSS faults. An integrity factor based on graph theory is designed to monitor the integrity of map-matching with the support of INS input. 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Aeronaut. Astronaut. Aviat. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 51 IS 1 BP 111 EP 130 DI 10.6125/JoAAA.201903_51(1).08 PG 20 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA HS8CF UT WOS:000464096700008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kofler, R Drolshagen, G Drube, L Haddaji, A Johnson, L Koschny, D Landis, R AF Kofler, Romana Drolshagen, Gerhard Drube, Line Haddaji, Alissa Johnson, Lindley Koschny, Detlef Landis, Rob TI International coordination on planetary defence: The work of the IAWN and the SMPAG SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Planetary Defence Conference (PDC) CY MAY 15-19, 2017 CL Tokyo, JAPAN DE Near-earth objects; Planetary defence; International asteroid warning network (IAWN); Space mission planning advisory group (SMPAG); United nations; Committee on the peaceful uses of outer space (COPUOS) impact mitigation strategies AB Space capabilities play a crucial role in ensuring human security. One of the threats coming from space is the possible damage to our assets by an asteroid or comet impact. As demonstrated by the object entering the Earth's atmosphere over Chelyabinsk, Russia, in February 2013, the threat of an asteroid or comet impact is a real and global issue demanding development of an international response. Addressing such a hazard, by first identifying those objects that pose a threat to enable planning a corresponding mitigation campaign, require international coordination. The United Nations Member States, especially those with capabilities to engage in a possible planetary defence mission, already share a number of common activities in this field. This paper outlines the progress made in the implementation of recommendations for an international response to the NEO impact threat, as agreed under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) and welcomed by the UN General Assembly in its resolution 68/75 of December 2013. The recommendations provide for a coordinated international response to a possible NEO threat. They aim at ensuring international information-sharing in discovering, monitoring and physically characterizing potentially hazardous NEOs with a view that all countries, in particular developing countries with limited capacity in predicting and mitigating a NEO impact, are aware of potential threats. They emphasize the need for an effective emergency response and disaster management in the event of a discovered NEO impact threat. The International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) and the Space Mission Planning Advisory Group (SMPAG), which are the two entities established in 2014 as a result of the UN-endorsed recommendations, are important mechanisms at the global level for strengthening the coordination in the area of planetary defence. The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) acts as secretariat to SMPAG and works with both IAWN and SMPAG in addressing this global issue. In the event of a credible impact prediction, warnings would be issued by the IAWN, the SMPAG would propose mitigation options and implementation plans for consideration to the Member States. The goal is the global protection of the eco-system, of human beings and their properties on Earth, and of the civilization of humankind from a devastating asteroid impact. The current paper outlines the work of the IAWN and the SMPAG towards a road-map for planetary defence at the global level, including agreements on initial criteria and thresholds for impact threat response actions, consideration of mitigation mission types and technologies and mapping of threat scenarios to mission types as well as developing a plan for action in case a credible threat is discovered. The paper also reflects on how to convey information about the NEO impact warnings and associated impact probabilities to the public and governmental decision-makers as part of the agreed communications guidelines, which are another important pillar in the work of the IAWN. C1 [Kofler, Romana] United Nations Off Vienna, Vienna Int Ctr, UNOOSA, POB 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Drolshagen, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Space Environm Studies Fac 6, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Drube, Line] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Planetary Res, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Haddaji, Alissa] Harvard Kennedy Sch, 79 JFK St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Johnson, Lindley; Landis, Rob] NASA Headquarters, Planetary Sci Div, Planetary Def Coordinat Off, 300 E St SW, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Koschny, Detlef] ESA, Estec, SCI S, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, ZH, Netherlands. [Koschny, Detlef] Tech Univ Munich, Lehrstuhl Raumfahrttech, Boltzmannstr 15, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Landis, Rob] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Astromat Res & Explorat Sci, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Kofler, R (reprint author), United Nations Off Vienna, Vienna Int Ctr, UNOOSA, POB 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. EM romana.kofler@un.org OI Drube, Line/0000-0003-2486-8894 CR [Anonymous], SMPAGRP00120 [Anonymous], 2014, TERMS REF NEAR EARTH [Anonymous], 54 SESS SCI TECHN SU [Anonymous], 2013, SCI TECHN SUBC ITS 1 [Anonymous], 2017, 2017P262012TC4 MPEC [Anonymous], 2011, NEAR EARTH OBJECTS R [Anonymous], 2014, STATEMENT INTENT PAR [Anonymous], 2012, NEAR EARTH OBJECTS F Benner L., 2017, COMMUNICATION Spahr T, 2017, 5 PLAN DEF C TOK JA NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 EI 1879-2030 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 156 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.07.023 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA HS2JY UT WOS:000463688100037 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kolejka, J Rapant, P Zapletalova, J AF Kolejka, Jaromir Rapant, Petr Zapletalova, Jana TI THE MULTIPLE DATA AND GEOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE APPROACH TO A LIQUID TOXIC ROAD ACCIDENT MITIGATION - TWO BLOCK GIS DATA PROCESSING FOR AN OPERATIVE INTERVENTION SO GEOGRAPHIA TECHNICA LA English DT Article DE Data pre-processing; Operational data processing; GIS; Routes of pollutant run-off; critical points; best access routes; risk management ID RISK ANALYSIS; HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; TRANSPORTATION; RAILWAY AB One of the current tasks of disaster management is to effectively counter toxic accidents on traffic communications. The paper demonstrates the procedure of the use of geographic data and knowledge with GIS technology for the operational mitigation of accident impacts on the traffic communication with leakage of toxic substance. A simulated leakage of toxic liquid substance on a highway in the Czech Republic was chosen as an example. The process is divided into two units. In the first preparatory block, data on soils and the geological environment are analysed and purpose oriented pre-processed. The data layer generally describes the expected movement of pollutants, e.g. predominant surface runoff, or predominant infiltration and/or a balanced combination of both of them. In the second operational unit, a location of the accident is precisely identified and the estimation of possible routes of pollutant runoff is performed with respect to the current status of the territory. Key points on these routes are identified with the aim to select mitigation measures and optimum access routes modelled for intervention techniques to reach key points in order to prevent contamination of water bodies. C1 [Kolejka, Jaromir; Zapletalova, Jana] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Geon, Ostrava, Czech Republic. [Kolejka, Jaromir; Zapletalova, Jana] Dept Environm Geog, Drobneho 28, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic. [Rapant, Petr] VSB Tech Univ Ostrava, Fac Min & Geol, Dept Geoinformat, 17 Listopadu 2172-15, CZ-70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic. RP Kolejka, J (reprint author), Czech Acad Sci, Inst Geon, Ostrava, Czech Republic.; Kolejka, J (reprint author), Dept Environm Geog, Drobneho 28, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic. EM jkolejka@centrum.cz; petr.rapant@vsb.cz; jana.zapletalova@ugn.cas.cz FU Ministry of Interior, Czech Republic [VG20132015106]; VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Department of Geoinformatics FX This work was supported by the project "Disaster management support scenarios using geoinformation technologies" [No VG20132015106], programme Safety Research promoted by Ministry of Interior, Czech Republic; by VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Department of Geoinformatics, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, CZ-70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic. 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Tech. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 1 BP 49 EP 64 DI 10.21163/GT_2019.141.04 PG 16 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA HS4SE UT WOS:000463855700004 OA Green Published, Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Paterson, B Charles, A AF Paterson, Barbara Charles, Anthony TI Community-based responses to climate hazards: typology and global analysis SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID DISASTER RISK REDUCTION; ADAPTATION; RESILIENCE; LOSSES AB The severity and frequency of climate change hazards are increasing around the world. Because the impacts are most acutely felt in local communities, it is critical to improve understanding of the response options that are available for and being chosen by communities. We conducted a mixed methods analysis of case studies reporting community-based responses to climate change hazards. Based on content analysis of published case studies, we generated an emergent evidence-based typology of such responses according to their nature and goals. Using this typology, we quantitatively analysed more than 1500 response examples and determined the patterns with which community-level climate change adaptation and disaster mitigation strategies vary across world regions and across economic and governance conditions. Specifically, diversity of responses is lower in developing countries, and implementation of local-level policy and planning responses is less frequent in countries characterised by low governance quality. Our results confirm that, although there is much that local communities can do to respond to the challenges of climate change, there is also a need for increased support of local activities. By synthesising data from many local studies, our research provides a first global evidence base for local-level climate change adaptation policy. C1 [Paterson, Barbara; Charles, Anthony] St Marys Univ, Sch Environm, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Paterson, Barbara; Charles, Anthony] St Marys Univ, Sch Business, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. RP Paterson, B (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Sch Environm, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.; Paterson, B (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Sch Business, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. EM Barbara.Paterson@smu.ca FU Saint Mary's University; Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response (MEOPAR) Network of Centres of Excellence; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) FX This research was supported by Saint Mary's University and the Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response (MEOPAR) Network of Centres of Excellence. Additional financial support is acknowledged from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC). 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K., 2014, CLIMATE CHANGE 2014 Prabhakar SVRK, 2009, MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL, V14, P7, DOI 10.1007/s11027-008-9147-4 Reid H, 2014, CLIM DEV, V6, P291, DOI 10.1080/17565529.2014.973720 Savo V, 2017, FISH FISH, V18, P877, DOI 10.1111/faf.12212 Seneviratne S. I., 2012, MANAGING RISKS EXTRE, V109, P230, DOI DOI 10.1017/CB09781139177245.006 Smit B., 2002, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, V7, P85, DOI 10.1023/A:1015862228270 Smith B, 2000, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V45, P223, DOI 10.1023/A:1005661622966 Strauss A., 1998, BASICS QUALITATIVE R Trenberth KE, 2014, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V4, P17, DOI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2067 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 2019 VL 152 IS 3-4 BP 327 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s10584-018-2345-5 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HR1PY UT WOS:000462907000002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Di Giovanni, D Fumian, F Malizia, A AF Di Giovanni, D. Fumian, F. Malizia, A. TI Application of miniaturized sensors to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, a new pathway for the survey of critical areas SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Frontiers in Diagnostics Technologies CY OCT 03-05, 2018 CL Rome, ITALY SP INFN Frascati DE Detector design and construction technologies and materials; Gaseous detectors; Models and simulations; Radiation monitoring AB During the latest decades, an increasing of threats associated to Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear events (CBRNe) took place. For what regards break-out of chemical and radiological compounds, several episodes have occurred, such as unwanted industrial leakage, intentional use of chemical weapons by non-state actors or smuggling of nuclear material, that, by materializing a global threat, have conducted to casualties the actors involved, inter alia fire brigades and military first responders. Concerning the equipment provided to these operators, huge progresses have been done in portable detectors, now able to employ numerous different working principles and technologies. Nonetheless, especially during the survey phase after a CBRN release, the operators enter in a potentially contaminated area without knowing type and amount of the contamination, running the risk of losses during the reconnaissance. On the other hand, nowadays we are witnessing a worldwide spread development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), with countless uses in different fields. They have founded fruitful implementation across civil and military ground in aerial photography, express shipping, gathering information during disaster management, thermal sensor drones for search and rescue operations, geographic mapping of inaccessible locations, severe weather forecasting. What if we could send one or more of these flying platforms equipped with CBRN sensors, geo-localized, able to collect samples and to detect in real time a contamination. Subsequently, once the CBRN incident occurrence is confirmed, after the analysis of collected samples is likely to determine the chemical compound or the radiation emitter involved and the level of contamination. If all this is made feasible, we will be able to minimize or completely avoid the exposure of personnel, moreover it will be determined the exact position of the hotspot and better supported the choice of personal protective equipment to be used to enter in the hazard area. Finally, time will be saved by an early UAV survey, while waiting to obtain the safety permissions for entry in the area. C1 [Di Giovanni, D.; Fumian, F.; Malizia, A.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Ind Engn, Fac Engn, Via Politecn 1, Rome, Italy. [Di Giovanni, D.; Malizia, A.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Int Master Courses Protect CBRNe Events, Dept Ind Engn, Fac Engn, Via Politecn 1, Rome, Italy. [Fumian, F.] Joint NBC Def Sch Rieti, Piazza Marconi 7, Rieti, Italy. RP Fumian, F (reprint author), Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Ind Engn, Fac Engn, Via Politecn 1, Rome, Italy.; Fumian, F (reprint author), Joint NBC Def Sch Rieti, Piazza Marconi 7, Rieti, Italy. EM francesca.fumian@esercito.difesa.it CR Agosteo S, 2002, NUCL INSTRUM METH A, V476, P106, DOI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01402-4 [Anonymous], 2011, NATO HDB SAMPLING ID Cinti S, 2017, BIOSENS BIOELECTRON, V93, P46, DOI 10.1016/j.bios.2016.10.091 Ciparisse J.-F., 2016, MODEL SIMUL ENG, V2016, P1 Colozza N., 2018, ENV SCI POLLUT R EASA, 2015, PROP CREAT COMM RUL Puton J, 2016, TRAC-TREND ANAL CHEM, V85, P10, DOI 10.1016/j.trac.2016.06.002 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 AR C03006 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/C03006 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA HR7IX UT WOS:000463328200003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Khaliq, KA Chughtai, O Shahwani, A Qayyum, A Pannek, J AF Khaliq, Kishwer Abdul Chughtai, Omer Shahwani, Abdullah Qayyum, Amir Pannek, Juergen TI An Emergency Response System: Construction, Validation, and Experiments for Disaster Management in a Vehicular Environment SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE IEEE 802; 11p; VANET; Ad hoc networks; Raspberry Pi; safety applications; disaster management; emergency response; TCP; IP architecture; message dissemination; information exchange ID RASPBERRY-PI AB Natural disasters and catastrophes not only cost the loss of human lives, but adversely affect the progress toward sustainable development of the country. As soon as disaster strikes, the first and foremost challenge for the concerned authorities is to make an expeditious response. Consequently, they need to be highly-organized, properly-trained, and sufficiently-equipped to effectively respond and limit the destructive effects of a disaster. In such circumstances, communication plays a vital role, whereby the consequences of tasks assigned to the workers for rescue and relief services may be streamlined by relaying necessary information among themselves. Moreover, most of the infrastructure is either severely damaged or completely destroyed in post-disaster scenarios; therefore, a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is used to carry out the rescue operation, as it does not require any pre-existing infrastructure. In this context, the current work proposes and validates an effective way to relay the crucial information through the development of an application and the deployment of an experimental TestBed in a vehicular environment. The TestBed may able to provide a way to design and validate the algorithms. It provides a number of vehicles with onboard units embedded with a credit-card-size microcomputer called Raspberry Pi and a Global Positioning System (GPS) module. Additionally, it dispatches one of the pre-defined codes of emergency messages based on the level of urgency through multiple hops to a central control room. Depending on the message code received from a client, the server takes appropriate action. Furthermore, the solution also provides a graphical interface that is easy to interpret and to understand at the control room to visualize the rescue operation on the fly. C1 [Khaliq, Kishwer Abdul] Univ Bremen, Dept Prod Engn, -28539 Bremen, Germany. [Khaliq, Kishwer Abdul; Pannek, Juergen] BIBA Bremer Inst Prod & Logist GmbH, Hsch Ring 20, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Chughtai, Omer] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wah Campus, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan. [Shahwani, Abdullah] Univ Bremen, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Qayyum, Amir] Capital Univ Sci & Technol Islamabad, Fac Engn, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. [Pannek, Juergen] Univ Bremen, Dept Prod Engn, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP Khaliq, KA (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Dept Prod Engn, -28539 Bremen, Germany.; Khaliq, KA (reprint author), BIBA Bremer Inst Prod & Logist GmbH, Hsch Ring 20, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. EM kai@biba.uni-bremen.de; umer@ciitwah.edu.pk; shahwani@uni-bremen.de; aqayyum@ieee.org; pan@biba.uni-bremen.de OI Khaliq, Kishwer Abdul/0000-0003-3582-9313; Chughtai, Omer/0000-0002-5701-7394 FU European Commission in the framework of Erasmus Mundus and within the project cLINK; International Graduate School (IGS), Universitat Bremen, Bremen, Germany FX This research was supported by the European Commission in the framework of Erasmus Mundus and within the project cLINK. It is also funded by International Graduate School (IGS), Universitat Bremen, Bremen, Germany. CR Alam S.W., 2016, BAHRIA U J INF COMMU, V9, P30 Ambroz M, 2017, MEASUREMENT, V100, P7, DOI 10.1016/j.measurement.2016.12.037 Bai Y, 2010, 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, NETWORKING AND INFORMATION SECURITY (WCNIS), VOL 2, P488, DOI 10.1109/WCINS.2010.5541719 Cesana Matteo, 2010, 2010 European Wireless Conference (EW), P689, DOI 10.1109/EW.2010.5483535 Chenji H, 2013, AD HOC NETW, V11, P2440, DOI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2013.06.008 De Francesco E., 2012, 2012 11th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering, P830, DOI 10.1109/EEEIC.2012.6221490 Dipobagio M., 2008, OVERVIEW AD HOC NETW Fogue M, 2013, SENSORS-BASEL, V13, P5220, DOI 10.3390/s130405220 Giuliano R, 2013, INT WIREL COMMUN, P1821, DOI 10.1109/IWCMC.2013.6583833 Iannucci R.A., 2012, MULTITHREADED COMPUT, V281 Jennehag U, 2016, ELECTRONICS-SWITZ, V5, DOI 10.3390/electronics5030060 Khaliq K.A., EMERGENCY DISASTER M Khaliq KA, 2018, COMPUT ELECTR ENG, V71, P137, DOI 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2018.07.027 Khaliq KA, 2018, LECT NOTES LOGISTICS, P310, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-74225-0_42 Kumar C.N., 2015, WIRELESS PERS COMMUN, DOI [10.1007/s11277-015-3155-y, DOI 10.1007/S11277-015-3155-Y] Leccese F, 2016, ELECTRONICS-SWITZ, V5, DOI 10.3390/electronics5040064 Lien YN, 2009, IEEE INT CON DIS, P412, DOI 10.1109/ICDCSW.2009.72 Mangharam R., 2005, 2005011484 SAE, DOI [10.4271/2005-01-1484, DOI 10.4271/2005-01-1484] Marlow S., 2013, PARALLEL CONCURRENT Nellore K, 2016, SENSORS-BASEL, V16, DOI 10.3390/s16111892 Palach J., 2014, PARALLEL PROGRAMMING Pasquali V, 2017, MEASUREMENT, V110, P249, DOI 10.1016/j.measurement.2017.07.004 Reina DG, 2015, INT J DISTRIB SENS N, DOI 10.1155/2015/647037 Sahoo PK, 2014, SENSORS-BASEL, V14, P22230, DOI 10.3390/s141222230 Samourkasidis A, 2017, ELECTRONICS-SWITZ, V6, DOI 10.3390/electronics6010001 Santamaria AF, 2018, SENSORS-BASEL, V18, DOI 10.3390/s18051461 Seneviratne D., 2018, ACTA IMEKO, DOI [10.21014/acta_imeko.v7i1.519, DOI 10.21014/ACTA_IMEKO.V7I1.519] SORENSEN CW, 2016, ELECTRONICS-SWITZ, V5, DOI DOI 10.3390/electronics5040067 UNISDR-The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, HUM COST WEATH REL D Van Rossum G., 2015, PYTHON 2 7 10 TUTORI Vegni A.M., 2013, VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGI Zhang H, 2018, ENERGIES, V11, DOI 10.3390/en11102611 NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAR 1 PY 2019 VL 19 IS 5 AR 1150 DI 10.3390/s19051150 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA HQ6PO UT WOS:000462540400169 PM 30866451 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kawai, Y Ishikawa, Y Sugiura, K AF Kawai, Yusuke Ishikawa, Yoshiharu Sugiura, Kento TI Analysis of Evacuation Trajectory Data Using Tensor Decomposition SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE evacuation simulation; trajectory data; tensor decomposition AB Owing to the advances in information technology and heightened awareness regarding disaster response, many evacuation simulations have been performed by researchers in recent years. It is necessary to develop suitable disaster prevention plans or evacuation plans using data generated by such simulations. However, it is difficult to understand the simulation results in their original form because of the detailed and voluminous data generated. In this study, we focus on tensor decomposition, which is employed for analyzing multidimensional data, in order to analyze the evacuation simulation data, which often consists of multiple dimensions such as time and space. Tensor decomposition is applied to the movement trajectory data generated in the evacuation simulation with the objective of acquiring important disaster or evacuation patterns. C1 [Kawai, Yusuke; Ishikawa, Yoshiharu; Sugiura, Kento] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Informat, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. RP Kawai, Y (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Informat, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. EM kawai@db.is.i.nagoya-u.ac.jp FU [16H01722] FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to Osaragi Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, for providing us with the evacuation simulation data. This study was partially funded under CREST "Creation of Innovative Analysis Infrastructure for Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Big Data based on Large-Scale High-Resolution Numerical Simulations," Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (16H01722). CR Kawai Y, 2018, J DISASTER RES, V13, P338 Lustosa H, 2016, PROC VLDB ENDOW, V9, P1329, DOI 10.14778/3007263.3007271 Matsubayashi Tatsushi, 2015, T JAPANESE SOC ARTIF, V30, P713, DOI 10.1527/tjsai.30-6_JWEIN-E Ministry of Land Infrastructure Transport and Tourism, 2013, GUID PLANN URB DEV P Oki T, 2016, J DISASTER RES, V11, P188, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0188 Osaragi T, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P296, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0296 Ozerov A, 2011, INT CONF ACOUST SPEE, P257 Shashua A., 2005, P 22 INT C MACH LEAR, V119 Takeuchi K, 2013, IEEE DATA MINING, P1199, DOI 10.1109/ICDM.2013.83 Wang Y., 2014, P 20 ACM SIGKDD INT, P25, DOI DOI 10.1145/2623330.2623656 Zhao J, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P347, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p0347 Zhao J, 2016, J DISASTER RES, V11, P255, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2016.p0255 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD PI TOKYO PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-0001, JAPAN SN 1881-2473 EI 1883-8030 J9 J DISASTER RES JI J. Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 3 SI SI BP 521 EP 530 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0521 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HQ7AJ UT WOS:000462571300011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Amir-Heidari, P Raie, M AF Amir-Heidari, Payam Raie, Mohammad TI Response planning for accidental oil spills in Persian Gulf: A decision support system (DSS) based on consequence modeling SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Oil spill; Response planning; Consequence modeling; Decision support system (DSS); Probabilistic risk analysis (PRA); Response drills ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ARABIAN GULF; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; OPTIMAL LOCATION; POLLUTION; COAST; EMERGENCIES; CIRCULATION; ALLOCATION AB Different causes lead to accidental oil spills from fixed and mobile sources in the marine environment. Therefore, it is essential to have a systematic plan for mitigating oil spill consequences. In this research, a general DSS is proposed for passive and active response planning in Persian Gulf, before and after a spill. The DSS is based on NOAA's advanced oil spill model (GNOME), which is now linked with credible met-ocean datasets of CMEMS and ECMWF. The developed open-source tool converts the results of the Lagrangian oil spill model to quantitative parameters such as mean concentration and time of impact of oil. Using them, two new parameters, emergency response priority number (ERPN) and risk index (RI), are defined and used for response planning. The tool was tested in both deterministic and probabilistic modes, and found to be useful for evaluation of emergency response drills and risk-based prioritization of coastal areas. C1 [Amir-Heidari, Payam; Raie, Mohammad] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn, POB 11365-11155, Tehran, Iran. RP Raie, M (reprint author), Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn, POB 11365-11155, Tehran, Iran. 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Pollut. Bull. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 140 BP 116 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.053 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA HP1CF UT WOS:000461402300014 PM 30803625 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU London, AJ AF London, Alex John TI Social value, clinical equipoise, and research in a public health emergency SO BIOETHICS LA English DT Article DE CIOMS guidelines; Ebola; equipoise; public health emergencies; research ethics; right to try ID ETHICS; DRUGS AB The 2016 CIOMS International ethical guidelines for health-related research involving humans states that 'health-related research should form an integral part of disaster response' and that, 'widespread emergency use [of unproven interventions] with inadequate data collection about patient outcomes must therefore be avoided' (Guideline 20). This position is defended against two lines of criticism that emerged during the 2014 Ebola outbreak. One holds that desperately ill patients have a moral right to try unvalidated medical interventions (UMIs) and that it is therefore unethical to restrict access to UMIs to the clinical trial context. The second holds that clinical trials in contexts of high-mortality diseases are morally suspect because equipoise does not exist between a standard of care that offers little prospect of clinical benefit and a UMI that might offer some clinical advantage. C1 [London, Alex John] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Eth & Policy, 150A Baker Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP London, AJ (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Eth & Policy, 150A Baker Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.; London, AJ (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Eth & Policy, Eth & Philosophy, 150A Baker Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. 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Committee on Clinical Trials During the 2014-2015 Ebola Outbreak, 2017, INT CLIN RES EP RESP, P2 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-9702 EI 1467-8519 J9 BIOETHICS JI Bioethics PD MAR PY 2019 VL 33 IS 3 SI SI BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1111/bioe.12467 PG 9 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA HP7OC UT WOS:000461876800004 PM 30051635 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kocaman, S Gokceoglu, C AF Kocaman, Sultan Gokceoglu, Candan TI A CitSci app for landslide data collection SO LANDSLIDES LA English DT Article DE Landslide; Inventory; VGI; Citizen Science; CitSci; LaMA ID RAINFALL; INVENTORY; NW AB Depending on the increase in the world population and climate changes, the number of disasters have increased gradually. To cope with natural hazards, comprehensive disaster management strategies must be developed and implemented. Among the natural hazards, landslides are one of the most harmful and they cause serious economic losses and human deaths throughout the world. To reduce these losses, comprehensive regional landslide susceptibility and hazard assessments must be performed and the mechanism of landslides must be understood clearly. If a landslide inventory database is inaccurate and incomplete both spatially and temporally, assessment of regional landslide susceptibility and hazard includes more or less uncertainties. Consequently, new approaches are needed to reduce or even to eliminate the uncertainties. For this reason, the purposes of the present study are to describe the potential role of Citizen Science (CitSci) in landslide researches and to present a simple and user-friendly mobile app for the collection of the essential data from landslides. It is expected that the use of CitSci in landslide researches would increase and help greatly for the provision of comprehensive data. In addition, the spatial distribution of the data to be collected may be correlated with the human population and the settlement density. C1 [Kocaman, Sultan; Gokceoglu, Candan] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Geomat Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Gokceoglu, Candan] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Geol Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Gokceoglu, C (reprint author), Hacettepe Univ, Dept Geomat Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. 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Business continuity management (BCM) forms part of supply chain risk management and is an important competitive factor for companies by ensuring the smooth functioning of critical business processes in the case of failures. If business operations are severely disrupted, the companie's decision maker is confronted with a situation which is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty, complexity and time pressure. In such a context, decision support can be of significant value. This article presents a novel decision support methodology which leads to an improved and more robust BCM for severe disruptions caused by disasters. The methodology is part of the Reactive Disaster and supply chain Risk decision Support System (ReDRiSS) to deal with different levels of information availability and to provide decision makers with a robust decision recommendation regarding resource allocation problems. It combines scenario techniques, optimization models and approaches from decision theory to operate in an environment characterized by sparse or lacking information and dynamic changes over time. A simulation case study is presented where the methodology is applied within the BCM of a food retail company in Berlin that is affected by a pandemic disaster. C1 [Schaetter, Frank; Wiens, Marcus; Schultmann, Frank] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IIP, Hertzstr 16, D-76187 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Hansen, Ole] KLU, Grosser Grasbrook 17, D-20457 Hamburg, Germany. RP Schatter, F (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IIP, Hertzstr 16, D-76187 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM frank.schaetter@kit.edu; ole.hansen@the-klu.org; marcus.wiens@kit.edu; frank.schultmann@kit.edu RI Wiens, Marcus/T-4022-2017 OI Wiens, Marcus/0000-0003-4158-3508 FU German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) FX We would like to thank the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) for financial support for this work within the research project SEAK. 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Support Syst. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 118 BP 10 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.dss.2018.12.006 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA HP2WD UT WOS:000461535200002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y He, ZT Ma, BQ Wang, JY Zhang, H Wang, JP AF Zhang, Yang He, Zhongtai Ma, Baoqi Wang, Jinyan Zhang, Hao Wang, Jinpeng TI Geological and geomorphic evidence for activity of the Mengzi fault along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau SO JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Mengzi basin; Mengzi fault; Geological; Geomorphic; Southeast of the Sichuan-Yunnan block ID XIANSHUIHE-XIAOJIANG; CRUSTAL DEFORMATION; RED RIVER; YUNNAN; EARTHQUAKE; SICHUAN; SYSTEM; CHINA; SLIP; EXTRUSION AB Few studies have been conducted on the activity of the Mengzi fault system, which is located to the southeast of the Sichuan-Yunnan block. The Mengzi fault is distributed along the eastern margin of the Mengzi basin. However, little is known about the location, length, and activity of the fault or the occurrence of paleo-earth-quakes during the late Quaternary. This paper studies the geometric distribution and activity of the fault via remote sensing imagery interpretation, fault outcrops in the area, faulted landforms and chronological analyses. The results show that the Mengzi fault extends from Nandong (Kaiyuan basin) in the north through the eastern margin of the Mengzi basin to Pingbian in the southeast, eventually intersecting with the Honghe fault. The Mengzi fault is approximately 250 km long and is characterized as a reverse strike-slip fault. We survey and calculate the offset gullies and terraces dislocated by the fault; combined with sample dating, we calculate the horizontal slip rate of the fault since 30 ka BP to be 0.91-1.56 mm/a. Three paleo-events since 30-40 ka BP are observed with a 10-ka major earthquake recurrence period. We analyze the relationships among the Mengzi fault, southern Xiaojiang fault, and Qujiang-Jianshui fault and note a slip rate loss of >= 8 mm/a from the southern Xiaojiang fault that was absorbed by reverse dextral strike-slip faulting and lateral shortening of the Qujiang-Jianshui fault and the Mengzi fault. The Mengzi fault plays an important role in the adjustment of the large slip rate reduction along the southern Xiaojiang fault. Moreover, the Mengzi fault has a similar tectonic position to the seismogenic faults of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, 2013 Lushan earthquake and 2014 Ludian earthquake, and the Mengzi fault and southern Xiaojiang fault both accumulate the energy generated by the southeastward movement of the Sichuan-Yunnan block. Studies on the Mengzi fault are helpful for renewing our understanding of the tectonic patterns of the southeastern Sichuan-Yunnan block and delimiting the boundary of the southeastern block margin. Furthermore, because the cities of Mengzi and Kaiyuan are located along the Mengzi fault, this study has practical significance for earthquake disaster mitigation. C1 [Zhang, Yang; He, Zhongtai; Ma, Baoqi; Wang, Jinpeng] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Crustal Dynam, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jinyan; Zhang, Hao] Inst Earthquake Engn Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP He, ZT (reprint author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Crustal Dynam, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 171 BP 233 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.09.009 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HO1YT UT WOS:000460709300020 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wang, WJ AF Wang, Wen-Jiun TI Disaster Response After Extreme Events in Taiwan: The Influence of Formal Institutions on Inter-Organizational Interaction SO RISK HAZARDS & CRISIS IN PUBLIC POLICY LA English DT Article DE disaster response; formal institution; inter-organizational interaction ID CROSS-SECTOR COLLABORATIONS; INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM; PUBLIC-SECTOR; MANAGEMENT; ORGANIZATIONS; COMMUNICATION; COORDINATION; DESIGN; GOVERNANCE; NETWORKS AB The performance of a disaster response system is related to its capacity to facilitate interaction and situational awareness among the organizations that respond to a disaster event. In line with the assumption that formal institutions have an impact on the organization and performance of a country's disaster management system, governments around the world have sought to improve their disaster management capacities through the promulgation of laws and regulations. The literature, however, is limited in its ability to explain the effect that formal institutions have on the emergence of inter-organizational interactions in disaster response contexts. This article explores how formal institutions, shaped by legal institutions and information technology, influenced inter-organizational interactions after two disaster events in Taiwan: The ChiChi Earthquake in 1999 and Typhoon Morakot in 2009. Through a content analysis of newspaper articles and qualitative interviews with decision makers involved in these events, this study identifies how formal institutions facilitated and inhibited inter-organizational interaction under uncertain and emergent situations. 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Anagha, B. Raja, P. Kumar, V. Rajan, K. Jayakumar, M. TI Analysis of Drought from Humid, Semi-Arid and Arid Regions of India Using DrinC Model with Different Drought Indices SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Drought; DrinC; Drought indices; SPI; RDI ID IRRIGATION WATER; DISTRICT; IMPACTS AB The study aims at evaluating the various drought indices for the humid, semi-arid and arid regions of India using conventional indices, such as rainfall anomaly index, departure analysis of rainfall and other indices such as Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) that were analyzed using the DrinC software. In SPI, arid region has seven drought years, whereas humid and semi-arid regions have four. In case of RDI, the humid and semi-arid regions have 11 drought years, whereas arid regions have 10years. The difference in SPI and RDI was due to the fact that RDI considered potential evapotranspiration, and hence, correlation with plants would be better in case of RDI. Humid region showed a decreasing trend in initial value of RDI during the drought as compared to semiarid and arid regions and indicated possible climate change impact in these regions. Among all the indices, RDI was considered as an effective indicator because of implicit severity and high prediction matches with the actual drought years. SPI and RDI were found to be well correlated with respect to 3months rainfall data and SPI values led to prediction of annual RDI. The results of our study established that this correlation could be used for developing disaster management plan well in advance to combat the drought consequences. C1 [Surendran, U.; Anagha, B.] Ctr Water Resources Dev & Management, Calicut, Kerala, India. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1521 EP 1540 DI 10.1007/s11269-019-2188-5 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA HO3PT UT WOS:000460836100018 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ghahramani, M Zhou, MC Hon, CT AF Ghahramani, Mohammadhossein Zhou, MengChu Hon, Chi Tin TI Extracting Significant Mobile Phone Interaction Patterns Based on Community Structures SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Big data; community detection; mobile phone data analysis; call detail records; spatio-temporal analysis AB Mobile phones have emerged as an essential part of people's lives. The data produced from them can be utilized to derive the spatio-temporal information of their users' whereabouts. We can obtain a rich data set of human activities, interactions, social relationships, and mobility. Hence, it has been possible to explore these information sources with applications ranging from disaster management to disease epidemiology. In this paper, we have focused on the use of call detail records to explore and interpret patterns embedded in interaction flows of people through their mobile phone calls. To do so, we consider the geographical context of subscribers/celltowers to discover structures of spatio-temporal interactions and communities' patterns in Macau. We have explored the inter and intra-polygon interaction flows. The results suggest that subscribers tend to communicate within a spatial-proximity community. In order to delineate relatively contiguous objects with similar attribute values, we have implemented an efficient hierarchical clustering approach. By identifying key objects and their close associates and exploring their communication patterns, we can detect shared interests and dominant interactions that influence societal patterns. Such insight is useful for resource optimization in network planning, content distribution, and urban planning. C1 [Ghahramani, Mohammadhossein; Zhou, MengChu] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Syst Engn, Macau 999078, Peoples R China. [Zhou, MengChu] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Hon, Chi Tin] Fudan Univ, Sch Management, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, MC (reprint author), Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Syst Engn, Macau 999078, Peoples R China. EM ghahremani@ieee.org; zhou@njit.edu; cthon@ieee.org RI Ghahramani, Mohammadhossein/P-9618-2019 FU Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ciencias e da Tecnologia [119/2014/A3] FX This work was supported by Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ciencias e da Tecnologia under Grant 119/2014/A3. 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Intell. Transp. Syst. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 20 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1041 DI 10.1109/TITS.2018.2836800 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA HO2PT UT WOS:000460758300020 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bhanu, KN Reddy, TB Hanumanthappa, M AF Bhanu, K. N. Reddy, T. Bhaskara Hanumanthappa, M. TI Multi-agent based context aware information gathering for agriculture using Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks SO EGYPTIAN INFORMATICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Wireless multimedia sensor networks; Context-aware computing; Agent technology; Content-based image retrieval AB Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSN) can be used in a wide range of applications such as monitoring agriculture, infrastructures, military operations, disaster management and so on. Energy conservation is a major concern in WMSN applications. This paper proposes a multi-agent based context-aware information gathering using WMSN for monitoring agriculture. Three kinds of contexts are considered in this paper such as detecting an emergency, temporal and computational contexts for detection of diseased plants, weeds, fire and interpret the soil fertility based on the soil parameters. This work considers contexts driven by a sensor node. Whenever the context is detected the information will be sent to the sink node. The proposed scheme works as follows: Every sensor senses the information and updates the node knowledge base. Based on the sensed information node interprets the context such as disease affected plants, soil fertility, fire, and growth of weeds. The sensor nodes begin to transmit the stored information to the cluster heads with the help of Path Finding Agent (PFA). Cluster heads aggregate the information received by the sensor nodes in the field before sending this information with the help of Querry Agent (QA) to the sink node. At the sink node all the information will be sent to the end-user, but in case of the fire detection, the immediate action will be taken by the sink node itself to turn on the sprinklers. Once the sensor finishes the assigned task (sensing, communicating) then automatically it goes into sleep mode. To detect plant disease and weeds, content-based image retrieval is used to compare with the healthy or useful plant images respectively. For performance analysis, the proposed scheme is simulated using NS2. Some of the performance parameters considered in this work are context detection time, delay, fusion time and energy consumption. (C) 2019 Production and hosting by Elsevier B. V. on behalf of Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University. C1 [Bhanu, K. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 20 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.eij.2018.07.001 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HO1WU UT WOS:000460703300004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sarangi, K Bhattacharya, I AF Sarangi, Kaustuv Bhattacharya, Indrajit TI A study on data aggregation techniques in wireless sensor network in static and dynamic scenarios SO INNOVATIONS IN SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Data aggregation techniques; Rendezvous point (RP); Cluster formation techniques; Neural network; Ant colony optimization (ACO); Real-time data aggregation AB Small-size sensor nodes are used as the basic component for collecting and sending the data or information in the ad hoc mode in wireless sensor network (WSN). This network is generally used to collect and process data from different regions where the movement of human is very rare. The sensor nodes are deployed in such a region for collecting data using ad hoc network where, at any time, the unusual situation may happen or there is no fixed network that can work positively and provide any transmission procedure. The location may be very remote or some disaster-prone area. In disaster-prone zone, after disaster, most often no fixed network remains alive. In that scenario, the ad hoc sensor network is one of the reliable sources for collecting and transmitting the data from that region. In this type of situation, sensor network can also be helpful for geo-informatic system. WSN can be used to handle the disaster management manually as well as through an automated system. The main problem for any activity using sensor node is that the nodes are very much battery hunger. An efficient power utilization is required for enhancing the network lifetime by reducing data traffic in the WSN. For this reason, some efficient intelligent software and hardware techniques are required to make the most efficient use of limited resources in terms of energy, computation and storage. One of the most suitable approaches is data aggregation protocol which can reduce the communication cost by extending the lifetime of sensor networks. The techniques can be implemented in different efficient manners, but all are not useful in same application scenarios. More specifically, data can be collected by dynamic approach using rendezvous point (RP), and for that purpose, intelligent neural network-based cluster formation techniques can be used and for fixing the targeted base station, the ant colony optimization algorithm can be used. In this work, we have made a comprehensive study of such energy efficient integrated sensor-based system in order to achieve energy efficiency and to prolong network lifetime. 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Syst. Softw. Eng. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 15 IS 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s11334-019-00326-6 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HN4DK UT WOS:000460134300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sharma, TPP Zhang, JH Koju, UA Zhang, S Bai, Y Suwal, MK AF Sharma, Til Prasad Pangali Zhang, Jiahua Koju, Upama Ashish Zhang, Sha Bai, Yun Suwal, Madan Krishna TI Review of flood disaster studies in Nepal: A remote sensing perspective SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Review DE Disaster management; Monsoon flood; Nepal; Remote sensing; Multi-criteria method ID RAINFALL; WATER; RISK; VALIDATION; RESOURCES; EVENTS; SCALE AB Research on flood disaster generate ideas and provoke the best solution for disaster management. This work primarily focuses research on monsoon flood due to its frequency and severity in the southern flood plain of Nepal. Here we review the previous studies on flood disaster at the regional and national level and compare with the global context. This facilitates exploring the data and methods that are mostly unexplored, and areas that have not lightened in the field of flood studies in Nepal. Our scope of literature review limited the literature that are accessed through internet. The findings are revised and compared with different contexts. Multi-criteria weighted arithmetic mean have been used to find the spatial severity of flood disaster in 2017. We found several studies carried out on flood in Nepal. They are mostly based on field-based data, except few that have used current state-of-art, remote sensing method, using satellite images. Since the multi-spectral optical satellite imageries have a high cloud effect, it is not very useful in real time flood mapping; and very limited Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR) image, has been used in Nepal. In Global context, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest method are used in flood risk assessment; VNG flood V1.0 software has been used in flood forecasting, and Probabilistic Change Detection and Thresholding have widely been used in flood research, which can also be adopted in Nepalese context. C1 [Sharma, Til Prasad Pangali; Zhang, Jiahua; Koju, Upama Ashish; Zhang, Sha; Bai, Yun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Key Lab Digital Earth Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sharma, Til Prasad Pangali; Zhang, Jiahua; Koju, Upama Ashish; Zhang, Sha; Bai, Yun] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Suwal, Madan Krishna] Univ Bergen, Dept Geog, Bergen, Norway. RP Zhang, JH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, 9 Dengzhuang South Rd, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM zhangjh@radi.ac.cn FU CAS Strategic Priority Research Program [XDA19030402]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31571565, 31671585]; "Taishan Scholar" Project of Shandong Province; Key Basic Research Project of Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China [ZR2017ZB0422] FX This study was supported by CAS Strategic Priority Research Program (No. XDA19030402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31571565, 31671585), "Taishan Scholar" Project of Shandong Province, and Key Basic Research Project of Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China (no. ZR2017ZB0422). We would also like to thank Dr. Bipin Kumar Acharya, Sun Yat Sen University and three anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments that improved this manuscript. CR Aase T. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 18 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.022 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhao, JJ Wang, Y Yu, LA AF Zhao, Jingjing Wang, Ying Yu, Lean TI Applying process mining techniques to improve emergency response planning for chemical spills SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Hazardous materials leakage; Emergency plans; Process mining; Work flow; Organizational structure ID SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS; CENTRALITY; MANAGEMENT AB To evaluate an implementation process for emergency planning and to assess its effectiveness, a technical method based on process mining is utilized for the first time in hazardous chemical accidents from the perspectives of workflow and organizational structure. The proposed method investigates: (1) how the emergency-response tasks of a target emergency plan are effectively executed; and (2) how the emergency-response actors coordinate and cooperate with each other. For this purpose, a fuzzy mining algorithm was applied to reconstruct the drill process for analysing workflow. Social network mining techniques, namely density, reciprocity, node degree, centrality, and handover of work metrics, were utilized to explore the organizational structure among the actors. By means of emergency-response drills, a pre-defined emergency plan for chlorine release was analyzed, for which mining results were obtained. Regarding the workflow, four deviations were detected from the target emergency plan, which suggest ways of improving the plan rules. Regarding the organizational structure, the most influential actors A1, A5, A10, whose actions directly determined the plan implementation and outcome. The proposed method can facilitate the improvement of existing processes and organizational structures for chemical accident emergency response planning. C1 [Zhao, Jingjing] Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Wang, Ying] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. [Yu, Lean] Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, JJ (reprint author), Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.; Yu, LA (reprint author), Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM 2014400011@buct.edu.cn; yulean@amss.ac.cn OI Wang, Ying/0000-0001-5257-5568 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71502010] FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 71502010. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 184 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.016 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200018 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mazumder, RK Salman, AM AF Mazumder, Ram Krishna Salman, Abdullahi M. TI Seismic damage assessment using RADIUS and GIS: A case study of Sylhet City, Bangladesh SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Damage; GIS; RADIUS; Sylhet City Corporation; Seismic Risk ID PEAK HORIZONTAL ACCELERATION; EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO; HAZARD; RISK; VULNERABILITY; TOOL; ATTENUATION; SOFTWARE; REGION; MOTION AB Seismic risk of urban areas around the world is a major concern to stakeholders due to the potential losses of lives and extensive damage to infrastructure that can occur following an earthquake. As risk mitigation resources are limited, a method for assessing risk and prioritizing structures for seismic retrofit at a city or regional scale is required. Scenario-based seismic damage prediction can be used by decision-makers for identifying the riskiest structures that can be prioritized for risk mitigation to optimize the use of available resources. In this case study, for the first time, seismic damage estimation is performed for Sylhet City Corporation (SCC), Bangladesh by integrating Risk Assessment tools for Diagnosis of Urban areas against Seismic disasters (RADIUS) and Geophysical Information System (GIS). Building structures, infrastructure, and soil type information for SCC from a recent study performed by the local government under the framework of the Comprehensive Disaster Management Program (CDMP) are used. The building inventory and other information in the study area are divided into 1.0 x 1.0 square km grids and the information is mapped into RADIUS. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 243 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.023 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Azhar, A Malik, MN Muzaffar, A AF Azhar, Aisha Malik, Muhammad Nasir Muzaffar, Asif TI Social network analysis of Army Public School Shootings: Need for a unified man-made disaster management in Pakistan SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Terrorism; Man-made Disaster Management in Pakistan; Coordination and collaboration; National Action Plan; Law Enforcement Agencies; Army Public School Shootings ID EMERGENCY; COLLABORATION; COORDINATION AB This study evaluates the effectiveness of inter-organizational collaboration in response to the Army Public School (APS) Shootings that happened on December 16th, 2014 in the city Peshawar, Pakistan. After reviewing the major changes in terrorism related policies and frameworks before and after September 11, 2002, this article applies a social network analysis to compare the disaster response networks enacted in the formal disaster management plans with the actual response networks formed during the APS attacks. Data were gathered from content analysis of the APS Shootings incident, national and international newspapers, situation reports and after-action reports. The timely response to shootings is attributable to the long term planning efforts of law enforcement agencies. However, for improved results, the response and relief efforts should have been coordinated with the national disaster management framework under the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) - the lead authority for disaster management in Pakistan. C1 [Azhar, Aisha] Univ Management & Technol, Sch Governance & Soc, C-2 Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. [Malik, Muhammad Nasir] Univ Cent Punjab, UCP Business Sch, 1 Khayaban E Jinnah Rd, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. [Muzaffar, Asif] Coll Appl Sci, Sur, Oman. RP Azhar, A (reprint author), Univ Management & Technol, Sch Governance & Soc, C-2 Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. EM aisha.azhar@umt.edu.pk; nasir.malik@ucp.edu.pk; asifmuzaffar23@gmail.com CR [Anonymous], PAKISTAN TODAY DEC Banipal K., 2006, DISASTER PREVENTION, V15, P484, DOI DOI 10.1108/09653560610669945 BORGATTI S.P., 2002, UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW Brudney JL, 2009, PUBLIC PERFORM MANAG, V32, P372, DOI DOI 10.2753/PMR1530-9576320302 Burkle F. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.024 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200024 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fang, J Hu, JM Shi, XW Zhao, L AF Fang, Jian Hu, Jiameng Shi, Xianwu Zhao, Lin TI Assessing disaster impacts and response using social media data in China: A case study of 2016 Wuhan rainstorm SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Social media; Disaster assessment; Information extraction; Rainstorm and flood; China ID TWITTER; INFORMATION AB Social media, with its ability to record human activities, has gained increasing attention from various fields. In this study, we developed a framework to assess disaster impacts with social media data, and examined the potential of information extraction with social media messages from Weibo platform to inform disaster response and recovery in China, using the case of 2016 Wuhan rainstorm and flood disaster. Temporal evolution of social media activities was investigated to track the process of the disaster, and further compared with observed precipitation data. Moreover, major impacts of the disaster were assessed through word frequency analysis of impact-related topics. Finally, place-related information were extracted to map the hotspots of the disaster. The results indicate that temporal variation of social media activities was consistent with the rainstorm process and significant positive correlation was found between social media activities and precipitation intensity. Word frequency analysis of impact-related topics revealed that transportation and daily life were most affected, meanwhile impacts on people's emotion and psychological activities were also notable. For hot spots affected by the disaster, more flooded sites were found in central urban districts, which are generally residential/industrial area or roads and other traffic-related places. This study demonstrated the utility of social media for disaster assessment, however ensuring the accuracy of online information and expanding the application for all phases of disaster management still pose substantial challenges for future research. C1 [Fang, Jian; Hu, Jiameng; Zhao, Lin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Shi, Xianwu] Natl Marine Hazard Mitigat Serv, Beijing 100194, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, L (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM fj20061028@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41601561]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M582263, 2017M622489]; CBDM Asia Programme (Phase II), International Center for Collaborative Research on Disaster Risk Reduction (ICCR-DRR) FX The authors are very grateful for the valuable comments and remarks from the editor and anonymous reviewers. We would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41601561), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M582263, No. 2017M622489), and CBDM Asia Programme (Phase II), International Center for Collaborative Research on Disaster Risk Reduction (ICCR-DRR). 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.027 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200026 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ganguly, KK Nahar, N Hossain, BMM AF Ganguly, Kishan Kumar Nahar, Nadia Hossain, B. M. Mainul TI A machine learning-based prediction and analysis of flood affected households: A case study of floods in Bangladesh SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Regression; Flood damage; Parametric method ID DAMAGE; RISK; VULNERABILITY; PERCEPTION; HAZARD; MODEL AB Floods are one of the most frequently occurring disasters in Bangladesh that cause small to large scale damage every year. Most of the studies in the literature provide a flood damage prediction or inference model at individual building level. Some of the works that adopt a higher spatial scale such as households conduct their analysis on a few specific regions. This paper presents a household-level flood damage analysis performed on 2004-2009 flood data from 64 districts of Bangladesh. The study focuses both on prediction and determination of influencing factors because both of these facilitate flood damage reduction programs. A machine learning driven approach has been taken for prediction where three learning algorithms namely linear regression, random forest and artificial neural network are fitted to the data and compared. In this work, linear regression performed better than the other two because its assumptions were considered. A regression analysis showed the significance of the relationship between predictors and damage. Apart from the significant hydrologic predictors, literacy, flood awareness, house structure and disaster management knowledge were found to be influential. 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Yet a dearth of evidence limits efforts to provide age-appropriate services and roles after emergencies. Sixty-nine adolescents (51% female, ages 13-19) and 72 adults (47% female, ages 22-66) participated in key informant interviews and focus group discussions in disaster-affected areas of China and Nepal. Using inductive content analysis, several themes were identified as key to adolescents' needs prior to and following disaster exposure. Safety and security emerged as a central issue, interconnected with preparedness training, timely and equitable disaster response, psychosocial support, and adolescent participation in risk reduction. Adolescents' contributions to disaster response were varied and substantial; including involvement in rescue efforts, delivering first aid, conducting security patrols, transferring building materials, caring for family members and assisting with health education. Participants forwarded a number of recommendations, including stronger systems of protection and family reunification, investing in psychological support, and the delivery of disaster-specific education and skills based training programs. The recognition of adolescents' potential to contribute to rebuilding after disasters is imperative, as is the development of services that take into account their specific needs. C1 [Newnham, Elizabeth A.; Tearne, Jessica; Gao, Xue] Curtin Univ, Sch Psychol, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Newnham, Elizabeth A.; Balsari, Satchit; Chan, Emily; Leaning, Jennifer] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, FXB Ctr Hlth & Human Rights, Boston, MA USA. [Guragain, Bhushan; Ghimire, Lajina] Ctr Victims Torture, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Jiao, Feng] Kunming Med Univ, Dept Populat Hlth, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Chan, Emily] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Collaborating Ctr Oxford Univ & CUHK Disaster & M, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Newnham, EA (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Sch Psychol, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM Elizabeth.newnham@curtin.edu.au RI Chan, Emily Ying Yang/H-6849-2017 OI Newnham, Elizabeth/0000-0001-5042-108X; Gao, Xue/0000-0001-5051-0154 FU Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust, Hong Kong; Western Australian Department of Health New Independent Researcher Infrastructure Support grant, Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council Sydney Sax Fellowship, Australia [GNT1035196]; Curtin Research Fellowship, Australia FX The project received funding from The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust, Hong Kong, and a Western Australian Department of Health New Independent Researcher Infrastructure Support grant, Australia. The first author was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Sydney Sax Fellowship (GNT1035196), Australia; and a Curtin Research Fellowship, Australia. 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J. Disaster Risk Reduct. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 34 BP 337 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.12.020 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HN2RJ UT WOS:000460032200032 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Haghighat, A Luxbacher, K AF Haghighat, Ali Luxbacher, Kray TI Determination of critical parameters in the analysis of road tunnel fires SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Road tunnel fire; Two-level fractional factorial design; Statistical two-level design; CFD; Fire dynamics ID CRITICAL VENTILATION VELOCITY; HEAT RELEASE RATE; SMOKE FLOW; SIMULATIONS; EVACUATION; MODEL AB The analysis of the fluid characteristics downstream of a fire source in transportation tunnels is one the most important factor in the emergency response, evacuation, and the rescue service studies. Some crucial parameters can affect the fluid characteristics downstream of the fire. This research develops a statistical analysis on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data of the road tunnel fire simulations in order to quantify the significance of tunnel dimensions, inlet air velocity, heat release rate, and the physical fire size (fire perimeter) on the fluid characteristics downstream of the fire source. The selected characteristics of the fluid (response variables) were the average temperature, the average density, the average viscosity, and the average velocity. The prediction of the designed statistical models was assessed; then the significant parameters' effects and the parameters interactive effects on different response variables were determined individually. Next, the effect of computational domain length on the selection of the significant parameters downstream of the fire source was analyzed. In this statistical analysis, the linear models were found to provide the statistically good prediction. The effect of the fire perimeter and the parameters interactive effects on the selected response variables downstream of the fire, were found to be insignificant. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of China University of Mining & Technology. C1 [Haghighat, Ali; Luxbacher, Kray] Virginia Tech, Dept Min & Minerals Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Haghighat, Ali] AECOM, Tunnel Ventilat Grp, Fire Life Safety, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. RP Haghighat, A (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Min & Minerals Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ali.haghighat@aecom.com FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesCenters for Disease Control & Prevention - USANational Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH) [200-2014-59669] FX This research was developed under Contract No. 200-2014-59669, awarded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The findings and conclusions in this work are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policies of the Department of Health and Human Services; nor does mention of trade names, commercial practices, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. CR Anderson MJ, 2015, DOE SIMPLIFIED PRACT BABRAUSKAS V, 1992, FIRE SAFETY J, V18, P255, DOI 10.1016/0379-7112(92)90019-9 Bamforth B, 2008, PROPERTIES CONCRETE Baum H. R., 1989, FIRE SAF SCI, V2, P129, DOI DOI 10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.2-129 Beard A, 2005, HDB TUNNEL FIRE SA 5, P536 Box G. E. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 29 IS 2 BP 187 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.ijmst.2018.05.003 PG 12 WC Mining & Mineral Processing SC Mining & Mineral Processing GA HN4GY UT WOS:000460143600004 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lomax, A Michelini, A Jozinovic, D AF Lomax, Anthony Michelini, Alberto Jozinovic, Dario TI An Investigation of Rapid Earthquake Characterization Using Single-Station Waveforms and a Convolutional Neural Network SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PICKING; PHASE AB Effective early warning, emergency response, and information dissemination for earthquakes and tsunamis require rapid characterization of an earthquake's location, size, and other parameters, usually provided by real-time seismogram analysis using established, rule-based, seismological procedures. Powerful, new machine learning (ML) tools analyze basic data using little or no rule-based knowledge, and an ML deep convolutional neural network (CNN) can operate directly on seismogram waveforms with little preprocessing and without feature extraction. How a CNN will perform for rapid automated earthquake detection and characterization using short single-station waveforms is an issue of fundamental importance for earthquake monitoring. For an initial investigation of this issue, we adapt an existing CNN for local earthquake detection and epicentral classification using single-station waveforms (Perol et at, 2018), to form a new CNN, ConvNetQuake_INGV, to characterize earthquakes at any distance (local to far-teleseismic). ConvNetQuake_INGV operates directly on 50-s three-component broadband single-station waveforms to detect seismic events and obtain binned probabilistic estimates of the distance, azimuth, depth, and magnitude of the event. The best performance of ConvNetQuake_INGV is obtained using a last convolutional layer with fewer nodes than the number of output classifications, a form of information bottleneck. We show that ConvNetQuake_INGV detects very well (accuracy 87%) and characterizes moderately well earthquakes over a broad range of distances and magnitudes, and we analyze outlier results and indications of overfitting of the CNN training data. We find weak evidence that the CNN is performing more than high-dimensional regression and pattern recognition, and is generalizing information or learning, to provide useful characterization of new events not represented in the training data. We expect that real-time ML procedures such as ConvNetQuake_INGV, perhaps incorporating rule-based knowledge, will ultimately prove valuable for rapid detection and characterization of earthquakes for earthquake response and tsunami early warning. C1 [Lomax, Anthony] 320 Chemin Indes, F-06370 Mouans Sartoux, France. [Michelini, Alberto; Jozinovic, Dario] INGV, Via Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy. RP Lomax, A (reprint author), 320 Chemin Indes, F-06370 Mouans Sartoux, France. EM anthony@alomax.net; alberto.michelini@ingv.it; djozinovi@gmail.com FU EC ARISTOTLE Project [ECHO/SER/2015/722144] FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers and the guest editor, Zefeng Li, for many helpful suggestions for improving and clarifying this work. This research was supported by the EC ARISTOTLE Project ECHO/SER/2015/722144. 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Res. Lett. PD MAR-APR PY 2019 VL 90 IS 2 BP 517 EP 529 DI 10.1785/0220180311 PN A PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA HN3ZX UT WOS:000460125100009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Aoi, S Suzuki, W Chikasada, NY Miyoshi, T Arikawa, T Seki, K AF Aoi, Shin Suzuki, Wataru Chikasada, Naotaka Yamamoto Miyoshi, Takayuki Arikawa, Taro Seki, Katsumi TI Development and Utilization of Real-Time Tsunami Inundation Forecast System Using S-net Data SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE real-time tsunami forecast; tsunami inundation; seafloor observation network; S-net; tsunami disaster response ID PACIFIC COAST; DEFORMATION; TOHOKU AB It is important to advance preparation for a tsunami disaster, one of the great concerns in Japan. Forecasting tsunami inundation is one such solution, which contributes to perceiving the danger of the tsunami, as the inundation is directly linked with the damage. Therefore, we developed a new real-time tsunami forecast system, aimed at rapidly and accurately forecasting tsunami inundation on land, based on offshore tsunami data observed by the seafloor observation network along the Japan Trench, S-net. The developed system takes a database approach. A database called a tsunami scenario bank was constructed by assuming all the possible tsunami sources affecting the target region and simulating offshore pressure data, coastal tsunami heights, and tsunami inundation. The forecast system searches for suitable tsunami scenarios whose offshore pressure data explain the observed data, based on the multi-index method. The multi-index method can evaluate the resemblance of offshore pressure data by using three indices, which are sensitive to different aspects of the pressure change distribution. When tsunami scenarios meet the criteria of the multi-index method, the system provides forecast information generated from coastal tsunami heights and tsunami inundation of the selected scenarios. A prototype system was constructed for the Pacific coastal region of Chiba prefecture as a target region and has been updated through a test operation. We also investigated the comprehensible visualization and effective disaster response using tsunami forecast information. Through workshops and tabletop exercises with local government officers using the forecast system, timelines and local disaster management plans for tsunamis were tested and revised. This led to the establishment of a standard operating procedure for tsunami disaster response through the use of tsunami observation and forecast information. C1 [Aoi, Shin; Suzuki, Wataru; Chikasada, Naotaka Yamamoto; Miyoshi, Takayuki] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. RP Aoi, S (reprint author), Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. EM aoi@bosai.go.jp FU Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI); Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP); "Enhancement of Societal Resiliency against Natural Disasters" (Funding agency: JST) FX This work was supported by Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI), Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), "Enhancement of Societal Resiliency against Natural Disasters" (Funding agency: JST). We thank Tomohiro Kubo, Takahiro Maeda, Kenji Hirata, Hiromitsu Nakamura, Takashi Kunugi, Shingo Suzuki, Makoto Matsubara, Tetsuya Takeda, Masahiro Ooi, Narumi Takahashi, and the other participants for research and development under the SIP project. We thank the Chiba Prefectural Government for cooperation to develop and examine our real-time tsunami inundation forecast system. We used map information by Geospatial Information Authority of Japan in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8. 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Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 212 EP 224 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0212 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HN1HB UT WOS:000459937000002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Usuda, Y Matsui, T Deguchi, H Hori, T Suzuki, S AF Usuda, Yuichiro Matsui, Takashi Deguchi, Hiroshi Hori, Toshikazu Suzuki, Shingo TI The Shared Information Platform for Disaster Management-The Research and Development Regarding Technologies for Utilization of Disaster Information SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE disaster response; disaster information; information-sharing; information-using; governance AB The common situational awareness among the disaster-response organizations and the appropriate action based on the information sharing are the key factor for the effective and efficient disaster response. Supported by the Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), we have developed the Shared Information Platform for Disaster Management (SIP4D) which facilitate the "cross-ministerial information sharing" by intermediating the various governmental organizations. Also, as the empirical research for utilize the shared disaster-information by SIP4D, we have developed the Medical Activity Support System for Disaster Management, the Reservoir Disaster Prevention Support System, and the Disaster Management Information Service Platform. In this paper, we introduce the overview of our R&D project, and report the implementation plans of our systems in the society. C1 [Usuda, Yuichiro; Suzuki, Shingo] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience NIE, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. [Matsui, Takashi] Hitachi Ltd, Def Syst Business Unit, Intelligence Dept, Intelligence & Informat Syst Div, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan. [Deguchi, Hiroshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Sch Comp, Midori Ku, 4259 Nagatsuta Cho, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan. [Hori, Toshikazu] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Div Facil & Geotech Engn, Soil Mech Unit, 2-1-6 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058609, Japan. RP Usuda, Y (reprint author), Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Resilience NIE, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. EM usuyu@bosai.go.jp CR Hanashima M, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P1015, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p1015 Ise T, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P1028, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p1028 Otomo Y., 2003, STUDY WIDE AREA EMER Usuda Y., 2017, HITACHI REV, V66, P758 Usuda Y, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P1002, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p1002 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD PI TOKYO PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-0001, JAPAN SN 1881-2473 EI 1883-8030 J9 J DISASTER RES JI J. Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 279 EP 291 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0279 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HN1HB UT WOS:000459937000008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kondo, Y Ichikawa, M Kondo, H Koido, Y Otomo, Y AF Kondo, Yuji Ichikawa, Manabu Kondo, Hisayoshi Koido, Yuichi Otomo, Yasuhiro TI Current Disaster Medicine in Japan and the Change Brought by Information Sharing SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE disaster medicine; SIP; DMAT; EMIS; SIP4D AB The biggest agenda in disaster medicine in Japan is considered as the collection and sharing of information. Sharing Information Platform for Disaster Management (SIP4D) is the platform that can connect the information system of each government agency in the event of a disaster. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the damage estimation in a Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) operation, information sharing within headquarters for disaster control, information for the level of damage in hospital, conditions for a DMAT dispatch request, safest route to reach the operation site, and improvements in patient medical information sharing and to assess the utility of introducing electronic health record by SIP Disaster Resilience: Theme 4. We used the information of SIP4D and Health Crisis and Risk Information Supporting Internet system(H-CRISIS) assistance to clarify the variables. We also examined the utility of using an electronic medical record system at the time of a disaster via creating a patient evacuation medical record cloud system in a 2016 Large-scale disaster drill. We requested Staging Care Unit (SCU) members to enter patient information by using a tablet. In SCUs that were outside the afflicted area, we browsed the electronic medical record on the cloud system and compared the time to send patient information using an electronic medical record in SCU to the time to send the same without using an electronic medical record and examined the superiority of the operation. In the statistical analysis, we used the Wilcoxon rank-sum test by MEPHAS. The significance level was set as P < 0.01. Based on the information for personnel damage estimation through SIP4D, the damage estimates are compiled for each prefecture, secondary medical zone, municipality, and school district. Additionally, it is possible to compile the number of predictive and serious patients per disaster hospital and to display it as a WEB service via the geographic information system (GIS). The information in the headquarters for disaster control is shared and visualized on the map, and thus, it is possible to use common information in each section. Furthermore, hospital damage situation, DMAT dispatch conditions, access route, and safety can also be visualized on the map. With respect to the usefulness of introducing an electronic health record at the time of a disaster, the median time to transfer medical information corresponded to 23.5 min in the group that used electronic health records (8 cases) and 41 min in the group that did not use electronic health records (8 cases). The results indicated a significantly shortened time in the group that used the electronic health record (P = 0.0073). It is ideal to estimate the number of patients and hospital damage from information that can grasp the scale of the disaster, such as intensity of an earthquake, set up appropriate headquarters, calculate the required number of DMATs, and instantaneously determine dispatch means and safety routes accordingly. Furthermore, patient information is digitalized from the point of triage, linked to the medical chart for disaster, managed collectively, and entered into the cloud. It is desirable to share patient information across the country. Based on the medical needs predicted from the information, it is also desirable to calculate the appropriate destination and means of transporting the patient in line with the actual damage situation such as infrastructure and road information. Another goal involves building a system that can calculate the aforementioned measures by using artificial intelligence. SIP4D is recognized as useful in terms of the integration and sharing of disaster information, damage situation, and hazard information gathering. It is assumed that SIP4D will lead to a major change in the existing DMAT operation regime. Additionally, the creation of an electronic medical record at the time of disaster and sharing it on the cloud system decreases the time of handover of a patient's medical information when medical evacuation to a remote place occurs. It is expected that this can aid in improving the efficiency of the medical support team, and thereby, reduce preventable disaster deaths. C1 [Kondo, Yuji] Japanese Red Cross Med Ctr, Shibuya Ku, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Tokyo 1508935, Japan. [Kondo, Yuji; Otomo, Yasuhiro] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Bunkyo Ku, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan. [Ichikawa, Manabu] Shibaura Inst Technol, Coll Syst Engn & Sci, 307 Fukasaku, Saitama, Saitama 3378570, Japan. [Kondo, Hisayoshi; Koido, Yuichi] Natl Disaster Med Ctr, 3256 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1900014, Japan. RP Kondo, Y (reprint author), Japanese Red Cross Med Ctr, Shibuya Ku, 4-1-22 Hiroo, Tokyo 1508935, Japan.; Kondo, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Bunkyo Ku, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan. EM kondo_yuji@med.jrc.or.jp CR Joint Committee for Disaster Medical Record of Japan, 2015, STAND DIS MED REC RE Kajino K., 2016, JAPANESE J ACUTE MED, V40, P308 Kondo H, 2009, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V24, P556, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X00007512 Kondo Y., 2016, JAPANESE J ACUTE MED, V40, P273 Kubo T., 2014, JAPANESE J DISASTER, V19, P190 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, REP STUD GROUP DIS M Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, 2003, RES WID AR EM MED TI Nakayama S., 2016, JAPANESE J ACUTE MED, V40, P279 Takeda T., 2016, JAPANESE J ACUTE MED, V40, P264 Usuda Y, 2017, J DISASTER RES, V12, P1002, DOI 10.20965/jdr.2017.p1002 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD PI TOKYO PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-0001, JAPAN SN 1881-2473 EI 1883-8030 J9 J DISASTER RES JI J. Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 292 EP 302 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0292 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HN1HB UT WOS:000459937000009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kumagai, H Sakurauchi, H Koitabashi, S Uchiyama, T Sasaki, S Noda, K Ishizaki, M Kotabe, S Yamamoto, A Shimizu, Y Suzuki, Y Owada, Y Temma, K Sato, G Miyazaki, T Li, P Kawamoto, Y Kato, N Nishiyama, H AF Kumagai, Hiroshi Sakurauchi, Hiroshi Koitabashi, Shinsuke Uchiyama, Takeaki Sasaki, Shinichi Noda, Kazuhide Ishizaki, Makoto Kotabe, Satoshi Yamamoto, Atsushi Shimizu, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Yasuo Owada, Yasunori Temma, Katsuhiro Sato, Goshi Miyazaki, Toshiaki Li, Peng Kawamoto, Yuichi Kato, Nei Nishiyama, Hiroki TI Development of Resilient Information and Communications Technology for Relief Against Natural Disasters SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE message distribution with V-Low broadcasting; multilingual early warning mail; portable ICT unit; NerveNet mesh network; expand access network areas ID NERVENET; RELAY AB The study focused on the research and development of ICT for disaster preparedness and response with respect to two categories, namely, the delivery of alert messages to a wider group of residents and providing quick relief communications in affected areas. In the former category, the development focused on two targets, one involving the delivery of alert messages to indoor residents with a V-Low broadcasting service and the other involving the delivery of an alert message to individuals with disabilities and difficulties in understanding Japanese. In the latter category, a portable ICT unit was developed for rapid relief communications and mesh network technology enabling robust information sharing among base stations in the affected area was developed. Furthermore, a related development focused on a resilient information management system to collect information in areas that do not have access to the Internet. Furthermore, device relay technology was developed to expand access network cover areas. After the development of individual technology, activities for the societal implementation of the development results were conducted through field experiments and disaster drills in which the developed technologies were integrated and utilized. C1 [Kumagai, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol NICT, Social Innovat Unit, 4-2-1 Nukui Kita, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan. [Kumagai, Hiroshi; Owada, Yasunori; Temma, Katsuhiro; Sato, Goshi] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol NICT, 4-2-1 Nukui Kita, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan. [Sakurauchi, Hiroshi; Koitabashi, Shinsuke] NTT DATA Corp, Koto Ku, 3-3-3 Toyosu, Tokyo 1356030, Japan. [Koitabashi, Shinsuke; Uchiyama, Takeaki] NTT DATA Corp, Oota Ku, 1-3-5 Sanno, Tokyo 1430023, Japan. [Sasaki, Shinichi; Noda, Kazuhide; Ishizaki, Makoto] NTT DOCOMO INC, Minato Ku, 1-8-1 Akasaka, Tokyo 1070052, Japan. [Kotabe, Satoshi; Yamamoto, Atsushi; Shimizu, Yoshitaka; Suzuki, Yasuo] NTT Corp, NTT Network Innovat Labs, 1-1 Hikari No Oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2390847, Japan. [Miyazaki, Toshiaki] Univ Aizu, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Tsuruga,Ikki Machi, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima 9658580, Japan. [Li, Peng] Univ Aizu, Tsuruga,Ikki Machi, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima 9658580, Japan. [Kawamoto, Yuichi; Kato, Nei; Nishiyama, Hiroki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RP Kumagai, H (reprint author), Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol NICT, Social Innovat Unit, 4-2-1 Nukui Kita, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan. EM kumagai@nict.go.jp RI KATO, NEI/T-5892-2019 OI KATO, NEI/0000-0001-8769-302X; Kawamoto, Yuichi/0000-0002-5290-6520 FU Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) of The Cabinet Office FX The authors thank Professor M. Hori, Program Director (University of Tokyo) and Emeritus Professor Y. Nemoto, Sub-Program Director (Tohoku University) for their continuous guidance and encouragement throughout the study. The study was fully supported by the Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) of The Cabinet Office. CR Benson M, 1996, Prehosp Disaster Med, V11, P117 Inoue M, 2017, IEICE T COMMUN, VE100B, P1526, DOI 10.1587/transcom.2016PFI0006 Inoue M, 2011, IEICE T COMMUN, VE94B, P618, DOI 10.1587/transcom.E94.B.618 ITU-T Recommendations, 2016, L392 ITUT Kotabe S., 2017, IEICE T ELECTRON, VJ100-C, P141 Kotabe S., 2015, NTT TECHNICAL REV, V13 Nemoto Y, 2014, IEEE COMMUN MAG, V52, P38, DOI 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6766082 Nishiyama H, 2015, IEEE VEH TECHNOL MAG, V10, P54, DOI 10.1109/MVT.2015.2481558 Nishiyama H, 2014, IEEE COMMUN MAG, V52, P56, DOI 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6807947 Owada Y., 2018, 5 INT C INF COMM TEC Sakano T, 2013, IEEE NETWORK, V27, P40, DOI 10.1109/MNET.2013.6574664 Shimizu Y., 2019, J DISASTER RES, V14 Tariq M. M. B., 2006, MOBIHOC 2006. Proceedings of the Seventh ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, P37 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD PI TOKYO PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-0001, JAPAN SN 1881-2473 EI 1883-8030 J9 J DISASTER RES JI J. Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 348 EP 362 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0348 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HN1HB UT WOS:000459937000013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hisada, Y Osaragi, T Murakami, M Mizuno, O Kobayashi, W Yasuda, S Ohara, M Yamashita, T Takada, K Suematsu, T Shindo, J Oki, T Kakizaki, A AF Hisada, Yoshiaki Osaragi, Toshihiro Murakami, Masahiro Mizuno, Osamu Kobayashi, Wataru Yasuda, Susumu Ohara, Miho Yamashita, Tomohisa Takada, Kazuyuki Suematsu, Takashi Shindo, Jun Oki, Takuya Kakizaki, Akira TI Disaster Response and Mitigation Support Technology for All-Hazards in Tokyo Metropolitan Area SO JOURNAL OF DISASTER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE all-hazards; earthquake disaster; flood disaster; disaster response support; travel support AB In Theme 7-2 of SIP Disaster Prevention (Enhancement of Social Resiliency against Natural Disaster of Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program), we implemented the two subthemes to develop the disaster response and mitigation technology effective for the complex disaster caused by earthquake and flood by torrential rain in megalopolis such as Tokyo metropolitan area; "Subtheme 1: Development of Application Software for Supporting All-Hazards Management in Megalopolis and Commercial Areas around Large Terminal Stations," and "Subtheme 2: Sustainable Development of Local Disaster Prevention Technology with Visualization Application." In the former, we formulated behavioral guidelines of central city areas during disasters based on the hazard/risk assessment, and developed an application software for PC/smartphone to support emergency management by delivering relevant information to civilians and disaster response workers during the disaster. Especially, the application would reduce secondary disasters, such as the confusion/panic by the huge number of crowds. In the latter, to "efficiently utilize the limited time, human resources and goods and to minimize damage" at the time of the disaster, we developed a "travel support application," which can efficaciously "assign" workers to various tasks (the events that require a response) that are spatially distributed at the occurrence of disaster, "navigate" by identifying optimal routes for patrol and "monitor" progress. C1 [Hisada, Yoshiaki; Murakami, Masahiro] Kogakuin Univ, Dept Urban Design & Planning, Sch Architecture, Shinjuku Ku, 1-24-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Tokyo 1638677, Japan. [Mizuno, Osamu] Kogakuin Univ, Fac Informat, Shinjuku Ku, 1-24-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Tokyo 1638677, Japan. [Osaragi, Toshihiro; Oki, Takuya] Tokyo Inst Technol, Sch Environm & Soc, 2-12-1-M1-25 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Kobayashi, Wataru] Tokyo Denki Univ, 5 Senju Asahi Cho, Tokyo 1208551, Japan. [Yasuda, Susumu; Takada, Kazuyuki] Tokyo Denki Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Ohara, Miho] PWRI, UNESCO, Int Ctr Water Hazard & Risk Management ICHARM, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050803, Japan. [Yamashita, Tomohisa] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Kita Ku, Kita 14,Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600814, Japan. [Suematsu, Takashi; Kakizaki, Akira] Vector Res Inst Inc, 3-8-12 Shibuya, Tokyo 1500002, Japan. [Shindo, Jun] Sompo Risk Management Inc, Shinjyuku Ku, 1-24-1 Nishishinjyuku, Tokyo 1600023, Japan. RP Hisada, Y (reprint author), Kogakuin Univ, Dept Urban Design & Planning, Sch Architecture, Shinjuku Ku, 1-24-2 Nishi Shinjuku, Tokyo 1638677, Japan. EM hisada@cc.kogakuin.ac.jp FU SIP, JST; Private University Research Branding Project of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology FX This report was revised by the addition of data and analysis based on [1] to [11]. In addition, this research has been supported by SIP, JST and the Private University Research Branding Project of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. CR Hisada Y., 2016, J JAPAN ASS EARTHQ E, V1, P12 Imai S., 2018, P 2018 IEICE GEN C Kobayashi W., 2016, JAPAN SOC DISASTER I, V18, P24 Ohara M., 2018, P JSCE S UND SPAC, P8 Osaragi T, 2018, LECT NOTES GEOINFORM, P211 Shimizu M., 2016, 15 INT S NEW TECHN U T. Osaragi, 2017, J ARCHIT PLANN, V82, P2451 Uchiyama S., 2018, P 2018 IEICE GEN C Yanagida Y., 2018, DEV COMPOUND DISASTE Yanagida Y., 2017, ANN M AIJ Yasuda S., 2018, P 16 EUR C EARTHQ EN NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD PI TOKYO PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-0001, JAPAN SN 1881-2473 EI 1883-8030 J9 J DISASTER RES JI J. Disaster Res. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 387 EP 404 DI 10.20965/jdr.2019.p0387 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HN1HB UT WOS:000459937000016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU De Nicola, A Melchiori, M Villani, ML AF De Nicola, Antonio Melchiori, Michele Villani, Maria Luisa TI Creative design of emergency management scenarios driven by semantics: An application to smart cities SO INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Computational creativity; Conceptual modeling; Design pattern; Emergency management; Ontology; Smart city ID ONTOLOGY; INTELLIGENCE; SYSTEMS AB We present a framework to support creative design of emergency management scenarios. By creative design of scenarios we mean the process of imagining situations and describing them through models and stories. The framework supports the tasks of gathering and organizing knowledge about emergency management situations by automatically generating conceptual models, related to fragments of emergency scenarios. It leverages semantics-based techniques to enable a computational creativity approach. A software application was defined to support the activities of modeling scenarios by permitting to generate, organize, and query sets of these conceptual models, which we name mini-stories, and that can be adopted to inspire the activity of creative design. Selected mini-stories are blueprints for more detailed user scenario descriptions and models that can be used, for instance, for analysis or simulation. As a case study, we consider emergency management in smart cities. This is a challenging domain because smart cities are characterized by interconnected physical and virtual services forming complex ecosystems, which provide sophisticated services to the population and to institutions, manage public resources in a optimal way, and involve citizens in decisional processes. As a consequence, smart city ecosystems can be threatened by several hazards spanning from natural disasters, as tsunami and earthquakes, to anthropic events, as terrorist attacks. Ability of service providers and institutional operators to face and manage emergency situations is therefore a relevant issue. Simulation and analysis of both crisis events and executions of management plans are a promising approach to deal with these articulated problems. However, manual definition of models to base the analysis is a demanding activity due to the huge number of different situations to consider. It requires knowledge related to the crisis and emergency domains, to the context (e.g., a specific city and its current regulations) and ability in modeling tasks. All these aspects demand for tools to support modeling activities, and our proposal aims at fulfilling this need. In particular, the discussed framework uses in a integrated way three types of knowledge: structural knowledge, to support the construction of models based on design patterns: domain knowledge, here related to smart cities and emergency management and represented by means of ontologies: and contextual knowledge, related to specific aspects (e.g., localization) of the considered scenario and represented as rules. We validated the presented approach by means of experiments performed by real city planners. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [De Nicola, Antonio; Villani, Maria Luisa] Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Sustainabl, Casaccia Res Ctr, Via Anguillarese 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy. [Melchiori, Michele] Univ Brescia, Dipartimento Ingn Informaz, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. RP De Nicola, A (reprint author), Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Sustainabl, Casaccia Res Ctr, Via Anguillarese 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy. 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Proceedings of the Conference, P133 NR 99 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4379 EI 1873-6076 J9 INFORM SYST JI Inf. Syst. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 81 BP 21 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.is.2018.10.005 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA HM9XX UT WOS:000459839400002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Turner, K Moua, CN Hajmeer, M Barnes, A Needham, M AF Turner, Kali Moua, Chee Nou Hajmeer, Maha Barnes, Amber Needham, Michael TI Overview of Leafy Greens-Related Food Safety Incidents with a California Link: 1996 to 2016 SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE California; Complaint; Investigation; Leafy greens; Outbreak; Surveillance ID FRESH PRODUCE; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAKS; VEGETABLES; PATHOGENS; ILLNESS AB An increase in the number of foodborne illness outbreaks associated with produce has been noted in the literature, and leafy greens have been the most common produce category associated with these outbreaks. California is the largest leafy greens producer in the United States, and many related foodborne illness incidents were traced to this state. A systematic overview of leafy greens incidents linked to California was conducted by the California Department of Public Health, Food and Drug Branch through analysis of complaints, routine surveillance sampling, disease outbreaks, and investigations covering 1996 to 2016. The goal was to develop a risk assessment tool to modernize emergency response efforts to foodborne illnesses related to leafy greens. A database including environmental, epidemiologic, and laboratory information for each incident was developed, and descriptive analysis was performed to identify trends. In the 21-year period analyzed, 134 incidents were identified, the majority of which were surveillance related. Approximately 2,240 U.S. cases of confirmed illness were reported (298 California cases resulting in 50 hospitalizations). Romaine lettuce and spinach were the most commonly implicated vehicles. The most prevalent hazard type was microbiological, in particular bacterial, specifically associated with pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. In California, the overview provided the Food and Drug Branch with a platform to (i) enhance its Food Safety Program, Emergency Response Unit, and California Food Emergency Response Team; (ii) assist in more efficient investigation, response, control, and prevention of California-linked foodborne illness incidents; and (iii) identify knowledge gaps and develop effective definitions, procedures, training, guidelines, and policies that will be used to help prevent future outbreaks. Outcomes provide insight into the situation in the largest leafy greens-producing state and may be used to prioritize limited national food safety resources and aid in future leafy greens-related research and foodborne incident investigations. C1 [Turner, Kali] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Calif Epidemiol Invest Serv Program, 1500 Capitol Ave, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Turner, Kali; Hajmeer, Maha; Barnes, Amber; Needham, Michael] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Branch, 1500 Capitol Ave, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Moua, Chee Nou] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Branch, 285 West Bullard Ave,Suite 101, Fresno, CA 93704 USA. RP Hajmeer, M (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Branch, 1500 Capitol Ave, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM maha.hajmeer@cdph.ca.gov FU CDPH-FDB FX This project is supported by the CDPH-FDB. K. Turner worked on this project as part of her California Epidemiologic Investigation Service Fellowship placement with the FDB Science and Education Section. We thank the following CDPH programs: FDB Science and Education Section, FDB Emergency Response Unit, the Food and Drug Laboratory Branch, and the Infectious Diseases Branch. Appreciation is extended to the U.S. FDA Emergency Response Coordinators in the San Francisco and Los Angeles district offices. 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Food Prot. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 82 IS 3 BP 405 EP 414 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-316 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA HM9IZ UT WOS:000459798600006 PM 30794462 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ghauami, SM AF Ghauami, Seyed Morsal TI Multi-criteria spatial decision support system for identifying strategic roads in disaster situations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Multi-criteria spatial decision support system; Transportation network performance; Sensitivity analysis; One-at-time method ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS; TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS; CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE; VULNERABILITY; ACCESSIBILITY; IMPACT; LINKS; METHODOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; ROBUSTNESS AB A road transportation network has an important role in the management of disaster situations. Despite its' vulnerability to disasters, it helps to provide emergency responses to disaster management practices. Therefore it is required to identify the most important roads in the network in order to support decision-makers to make appropriate decisions about the roads. This paper introduces an integrated methodology to evaluate the transportation network performance (TNP) in disaster situations by developing a multi-criteria spatial decision support system (MC-SDSS). The developed MC-SDSS is a fully integrated system of Geospatial Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. On the one hand, GIS functionalities are used for storing the data, performing the analyses in order to produce the required criteria and displaying the results. On the other hand, AHP as a well-known MCDM method is used to receive priorities and preferences of decision-makers about about the criteria. Based on the decision-making model (intelligent, design, and choice), four criteria are selected as indicators for evaluating the TNP in disaster situations: capacity, accessibility, vulnerability, and importance criteria. In this regard, criteria maps are generated by GIS tools, the experts' preferences about the criteria are acquired by AHP comparison matrix, and a ranking of the roads are prepared and visualized on the MC-SDSS. Finally, by utilizing the One-At-Time approach as the sensitivity analysis method, MC-SDSS tries to determine the robustness of the results due to the variation or uncertainty resulting from changing the important scales of the criteria in the AHP pairwise comparison matrix. The results show that about 9, 33, 20, and 38% of the roads are very high, high, moderate, and low strategic in the case study (Mazandaran province, Iran) respectively. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 24 BP 23 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.ijcip.2018.10.004 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HM0NG UT WOS:000459143700004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tidwell, VC Lowry, TS Binning, D Graves, J Peplinski, WJ Mitchell, R AF Tidwell, Vincent C. Lowry, Thomas S. Binning, David Graves, Jenny Peplinski, William J. Mitchell, Roger TI Framework for shared drinking water risk assessment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Risk Assessment; Drinking Water; Information Sharing; Multi-Utility Analysis AB Risk assessment plays a vital role in protecting our nation's critical infrastructure. Traditionally, such assessments have been conducted as a singular activity confined to the boarders of a particular asset or utility with little external sharing of information. In contrast other domains, e.g., disaster preparedness, cyber security, food-borne hazards, have demonstrated the benefits of sharing data, experiences and lessons learned in assessing and managing risk. Here we explore the concept of a Shared Risk Framework (SRF) in the context of critical infrastructure assessments. In this exploration, key elements of an SRF are introduced and initial instantiations demonstrated by way of three water utility assessments. Results from these three demonstrations were then combined with results from four other risk assessments developed using a different risk assessment application by a different set of analysts. Through this comparison we were able to explore potential challenges and benefits from implementation of a SRF. Challenges included both the capacity and interest of local utilities to conduct a shared risk assessment; particularly, wide scale adoption of any SRF will require a clear demonstration that such an effort supports the basic mission of the utility, adds benefit to the utility, and protects utility data from unintended access or misuse. In terms of benefits, anonymous sharing of results among utilities could provide the added benefits of recognizing and correcting bias; identifying 'unknown, unknowns'; assisting self-assessment and benchmarking for the local utility; and providing a basis for treating shared assets and/or threats across multiple utilities. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tidwell, Vincent C.; Lowry, Thomas S.; Peplinski, William J.; Mitchell, Roger] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1137, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Binning, David] George Mason Univ, Volgenau Sch Engn, 4400 Univ Dr,MS6C1, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Graves, Jenny] AEM Corp, 13880 Dulles Corner Lane,Suite 300, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Tidwell, VC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1137, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM vctidwe@sandia.gov; tslowry@sandia.gov; dbinning@gmu.edu; jgraves@aemcorp.com; wjpepli@sandia.gov; rogmitc@sandia.gov OI Lowry, Thomas/0000-0002-3916-4905; Tidwell, Vincent/0000-0002-4954-897X FU Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology Directorate; Department of EnergyUnited States Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security AdministrationNational Nuclear Security Administration [DE-NA-0003525] FX The authors want to express their appreciation to the three water utilities that participated in SRF demonstrations. The authors also acknowledge the constructive comments of six anonymous reviewers. This work was funded by an Interagency Agreement between the Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology Directorate and the Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Colorado, Colorado Springs collaborated on support aspects of the project titled "Drinking Water Resilience". Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA-0003525. CR AIChE American Institute of Chemical Engineers Center for Chemical Process Safety, 2000, GUID CHEM PROC SAF G Apostolakis GE, 2004, RISK ANAL, V24, P515, DOI 10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00455.x AWWA American Water Works Association, 2013, AWWA J100 10R13 RISK, P136 BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2017, REG EC ACC Billy T. J., 2002, P GLOB FOR FOOD SAF, P128 Brashear J. P., 2008, RISK ANAL MANAGEMENT Chauhan S. S., 2003, AUSTR COMM LARG DAMS DHS U. S. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 24 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.ijcip.2018.10.007 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HM0NG UT WOS:000459143700005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Mao, L Metcalf, SS AF Yang, Yan Mao, Liang Metcalf, Sara S. TI Diffusion of hurricane evacuation behavior through a home-workplace social network: A spatially explicit agent-based simulation model SO COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Agent-based modeling; Social network; Geographic information science; Hurricane evacuation; Florida Keys ID FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; URBAN AB With coastal populations experiencing the growing threat of hurricanes as a consequence of global climate change, models for predicting how household evacuation behavior may diffuse over time and space are needed for emergency management. This study models the effects of social influence on household evacuation behavior in anticipation of a hurricane event. An agent-based model was developed in this study to simulate: 1) a home workplace social network between households residing in the Florida Keys, 2) the communication of a hurricane evacuation order among socially linked households, and 3) the resulting spatio-temporal diffusion of household evacuation behavior. Data sources informing model implementation include U.S. Census block group data, business databases, and statistics from hurricane evacuation surveys. Simulated model results from the model were validated with empirical traffic records observed at a Florida Keys monitoring station during evacuation from Hurricane Georges in 1998. This model builds upon previous research using agent-based models to simulate hurricane evacuation by incorporating multiple data sources and validating results with empirical traffic patterns. Such an empirically-grounded model facilitates locally relevant exploration of evacuation behavior to support the development of more effective evacuation plans and preparedness for future hurricane events. C1 [Yang, Yan; Metcalf, Sara S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, 105 Wilkeson Quad,Ellicott Complex, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Mao, Liang] Univ Florida, Dept Geog, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Yang, Yan] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Metcalf, SS (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, 105 Wilkeson Quad,Ellicott Complex, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. EM smetcalf@buffalo.edu OI Mao, Liang/0000-0002-7363-0308 CR Baker E. J., 1991, INT J MASS EMERGENCI, V9, P287 Barrett B, 2000, TRANSPORT RES REC, P115 Barrett C. L., 2001, LAUR001725 LOS AL NA Bian L, 2012, ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR, V102, P1016, DOI 10.1080/00045608.2012.674844 Blake E. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 74 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2018.11.010 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Studies; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science; Regional & Urban Planning SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Operations Research & Management Science; Public Administration GA HK8GI UT WOS:000458227000002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mendonca, J Andrade, E Endo, PT Lima, R AF Mendonca, Julio Andrade, Ermeson Endo, Patricia Takako Lima, Ricardo TI Disaster recovery solutions for IT systems: A Systematic mapping study SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Disaster recovery; Information technology; Systematic mapping ID AVAILABILITY; REPLICATION AB Context: Organizations are spending an unprecedented amount of money towards the cost of keeping Information Technology (IT) systems operational. Hence, these systems need to be designed using effective fault-tolerant techniques like Disaster Recovery (DR) solutions. Even though research has been done in the DR field, it is necessary to assess the current state of research and practice, to provide practitioners with evidence that enables foster its further development. Objective: This paper has the following goals: to investigate state-of-the-art solutions for DR, as well as to systematically analyze the current published research and identify different strategies available in the literature. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted, in which 49 studies, dated from 2007 to 2017, were evaluated. Results: Various DR practices are being investigated. The results identified a number of relevant issues, including reasons to adopt DR solutions, strategies used to implement DR solutions, approaches employed to analyze DR solutions, and metrics considered during the analyses of DR solutions. 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Syst. Softw. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 149 BP 511 EP 530 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2018.12.023 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HK4RW UT WOS:000457951800024 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chou, JS Cheng, MY Hsieh, YM Yang, IT Hsu, HT AF Chou, Jui-Sheng Cheng, Min-Yuan Hsieh, Yo-Min Yang, I-Tung Hsu, Hsin-Ting TI Optimal path planning in real time for dynamic building fire rescue operations using wireless sensors and visual guidance SO AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE Firefighting safety; Building information modeling; Wireless sensor; Rescue path optimization; Smart mobile device; Emergency response; Evacuation modeling process; Visual guidance ID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; EVACUATION; SAFETY; ALGORITHM; MOVEMENT; VEHICLES; SYSTEM AB The architectural environment is always changing, as high-rise buildings and complex interior spaces are constructed, causing a wide variety of unpredictable disasters and accidents. Hence, effective disaster prevention and rescue are crucial to the protection of life and property. Specifically, firefighting is essential for public safety and building safety. Rescue maps that are currently used in fire departments are two-dimensional (2D) because fire accidents have mostly occurred in low-rise buildings. Therefore, fire incident commanders have previously only had typical fire rescue maps to use for firefighter deployment. Such 2D-based firefighting strategies, tactics, and deployment are not always effective in current structures, and do not inform whether occupants are trapped during a fire. Consequently, fire rescue teams continue to consult maps on different floors when conducting fire rescue tasks, reducing their speed and efficiency. An intelligent integrated fire rescue system could provide real-time status updates, alarm reports, and evacuation guidance, improving fire rescue techniques through a combination of contemporary autosensing and communication systems. To achieve the aim, this work combines existing firefighting equipment, Bluetooth sensors, global positioning information, an optimal fire rescue path planning algorithm, and visual technology to construct a framework of dynamic rescue/evacuation procedures for fire departments. By providing the locations of firefighters and trapped occupants, real-time updates for optimal path planning in a dynamic environment provide fire departments with accurate and useful information regarding the fire site in real time. The proposed system effectively reduces the number of casualties, supporting rescue process and emergency evacuation. C1 [Chou, Jui-Sheng; Cheng, Min-Yuan; Hsieh, Yo-Min; Yang, I-Tung; Hsu, Hsin-Ting] Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Chou, JS (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Taipei, Taiwan. EM jschou@mail.ntust.edu.tw; myc@mail.ntustedu.tw; ymhsieh@mail.ntust.edu.tw; ityang@mail.ntust.edu.tw RI Chou, Jui-Sheng/M-9854-2019 OI Chou, Jui-Sheng/0000-0002-8372-9934 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Ministry of Education FX The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research. 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Szekely, Zoltan TI Quantitative resilience assessment in emergency response reveals how organizations trade efficiency for redundancy SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Resilience indicator; Emergency response; Communication network; Training exercise; Quantitative resilience assessment ID NETWORKS; STABILITY AB Current frameworks to assess resilience are often based on low-dimensional models that describe a small number of inter-related components. However, for many infrastructures their resilience is a property that emerges from myriads of individual interactions. Here, we develop for the first time fully quantitative and data-driven indicators for several aspects that relate to resilient organizational behavior during emergency situations. We consider dynamic communication networks of emergency responders collected during the annual public emergency drill of the Hungarian National University of Public Service. Our key hypothesis is that the timedependent network structure derived from these communication flows conveys information as to how redundant, vulnerable, and efficient individual organizations acted during the drill. The resulting indicators can be applied on two different levels-the level of the entire network and the level of individual participants. To validate our framework, we show that when the personnel is prepared for a given event (e.g., critical weather conditions), effective communication within the organization is dominated by vertical flows of information. However, under surprise the affected units concentrated on horizontal communication, thereby creating bottlenecks and losses of efficiency in the network. Our results indicate a generic trade-off between efficiency, vulnerability and redundancy of communication networks in emergency response. Moreover, we can relate the origin of this trade-off to the specific way of how individual organizations adapted their communication behavior in times of crisis. We do so in a fully quantitative and data-driven way that is directly linked to real-world networks, infrastructures, and the people acting within them. C1 [Klimek, Peter] Med Univ Vienna, CEMSIIS, Sect Sci Complex Syst, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Klimek, Peter] Complex Sci Hub Vienna, Josefstadter Str 39, A-1080 Vienna, Austria. [Varga, Janos; Szekely, Zoltan] Natl Univ Publ Serv, Fac Law Enforcement, Dept Border Policing, Ludovika Ter 2, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary. [Jovanovic, Aleksandar S.] Steinbeis Adv Risk Technol, Willi Bleicher Str 19, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. [Jovanovic, Aleksandar S.] EU VRi, Willi Bleicher Str 19, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Klimek, P (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, CEMSIIS, Sect Sci Complex Syst, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM peter.klimek@meduniwien.ac.at FU EUEuropean Union (EU) [700621] FX The authors of this paper would like to express their sincerest thanks for the leaders, teachers and students of the National University of Public Service in Hungary for putting huge effort in planning, organizing, budgeting and performing the Public Service Exercise of 2016, as well as to the Hungarian National Police for providing necessary organization information and experienced staff to support the development of the paper. Thanks to the National Disaster Management of Hungary as main operator, and the developers of the emergency communication system (which name could not be disclosed for security purposes). Special thanks for the EU funded project "Smart Resilience Indicators for Smart Critical Infrastructures" (Grant No. 700621) and members of the consortium and the project team. 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PD MAR PY 2019 VL 113 BP 404 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2018.12.017 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HJ9GG UT WOS:000457506300040 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chemodanov, D Esposito, F Sukhov, A Calyam, P Trinh, H Oraibi, Z AF Chemodanov, Dmitrii Esposito, Flavio Sukhov, Andrei Calyam, Prasad Huy Trinh Oraibi, Zakariya TI AGRA: AI-augmented geographic routing approach for IoT-based incident-supporting applications SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Incident-supporting applications; IoT; Deep learning; Geographic routing; Local minimum avoidance; Electrostatics AB Applications that cater to the needs of disaster incident response generate large amount of data and demand large computational resource access. Such datasets are usually collected in real-time at the incident scenes using different Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Hierarchical clouds, i.e., core and edge clouds, can help these applications' real-time data orchestration challenges as well as with their IoT operations scalability, reliability and stability by overcoming infrastructure limitations at the ad-hoc wireless network edge. Routing is a crucial infrastructure management orchestration mechanism for such systems. Current geographic routing or greedy forwarding approaches designed for early wireless ad-hoc networks lack efficient solutions for disaster incident-supporting applications, given the high-speed and low-latency data delivery that edge cloud gateways impose. In this paper, we present a novel Artificial Intelligent (AI)-augmented geographic routing approach, that relies on an area knowledge obtained from the satellite imagery (available at the edge cloud) by applying deep learning. In particular, we propose a stateless greedy forwarding that uses such an environment learning to proactively avoid the local minimum problem by diverting traffic with an algorithm that emulates electrostatic repulsive forces. In our theoretical analysis, we show that our Greedy Forwarding achieves in the worst case a 3.291 path stretch approximation bound with respect to the shortest path, without assuming presence of symmetrical links or unit disk graphs. We evaluate our approach with both numerical and event-driven simulations, and we establish the practicality of our approach in a real incident-supporting hierarchical cloud deployment to demonstrate improvement of application level throughput due to a reduced path stretch under severe node failures and high mobility challenges of disaster response scenarios. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chemodanov, Dmitrii; Calyam, Prasad; Huy Trinh] Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Oraibi, Zakariya] Univ Missouri, Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Esposito, Flavio] St Louis Univ, Comp Sci Dept, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Sukhov, Andrei] Samara Natl Res Univ, Samara, Russia. RP Chemodanov, D (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM dycbt4@mail.missouri.edu; espositof@slu.edu; amskh@yandex.ru; calyamp@missouri.edu; hntzq4@mail.missouri.edu; zaonr5@mail.missouri.edu RI Sukhov, Andrei/K-4191-2013 OI Sukhov, Andrei/0000-0001-6948-4988 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-1647084]; Coulter Foundation Translational Partnership Program; RFBRRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [16-07-00218a]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationMinistry of Education and Science, Russian Federation [2.974.2017/4.6] FX This work has been partially supported by the National Science Foundation award CNS-1647084, by the Coulter Foundation Translational Partnership Program, by RFBR according to the research project 16-07-00218a and the public tasks of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (2.974.2017/4.6). 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Gener. Comp. Syst. PD MAR PY 2019 VL 92 BP 1103 EP 1115 DI 10.1016/j.future.2017.03.014 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HF6TG UT WOS:000454370600096 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Huang, PC Lee, KT Gartsman, BI AF Huang, Pin-Chun Lee, Kwan Tun Gartsman, Boris I. TI Influence of Topographic Characteristics on the Adaptive Time Interval for Diffusion Wave Simulation SO WATER LA English DT Article DE flood simulation; diffusion wave; time interval; watershed topography; runoff forecasting system ID EQUATIONS; MODELS AB Frequent flash floods in recent years have resulted in a major impact on the living environment, urban planning, economic system and flood control facilities of residents around the world; therefore, the establishment of disaster management and flood warning systems is an urgent task, required for government units to propose flood mitigation measures. To conserve the numerical accuracy and maintain stability for explicit scheme, the Courant-Friedrich-Lewy (CFL) condition is necessarily enforced, and it is conducted to regulate the relation between the numerical marching speed and wave celerity. On the other hand, to avoid the problem of flow reflux between adjacent grids in executing 2D floodplain simulation, another restriction on time intervals, known as the Hunter condition, was devised in an earlier study. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of these two time-interval restrictions during runoff simulations. Via a case study of the Komarovsky River Basin in Russia, the results show that at the beginning of a storm, the computational time interval is restricted by the CFL condition along the upstream steep hillsides, and the time interval is subject to the Hunter condition in the mainstream during the occurrence of the main storm. The reason of a reduction in computational efficiency, which is a common problem in conducting distributed routing, was clearly explained. To relax the time-interval restrictions for efficient flood forecasting, the research findings also indicate the importance of integrating modified hydrological models proposed in recent studies. C1 [Huang, Pin-Chun; Lee, Kwan Tun] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Ctr Excellence Ocean Engn, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Lee, Kwan Tun] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept River & Harbor Engn, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Gartsman, Boris I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Water Problems, Moscow 119333, Russia. RP Lee, KT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Ctr Excellence Ocean Engn, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.; Lee, KT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept River & Harbor Engn, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. EM pinchunhuang@gmail.com; ktlee@ntou.edu.tw; gartsman@inbox.ru FU Ministry of Science and Technology, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [107-2625-M-019-003]; Russian Science FoundationRussian Science Foundation (RSF) [17-77-30006]; Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [19-05-00353] FX This research was funded by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, grant number 107-2625-M-019-003; Russian Science Foundation, grant number 17-77-30006; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant number 19-05-00353. 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Rural-land-cover classification is challenging for both object-based image analysis methods and classifiers. The objective of this study is to improve the object-oriented classification accuracy of rural land cover by combining two models based on high spatial resolution imagery. We apply the C5.0 algorithm in R to combine support vector machines (SVMs) and random forest (RF) to create the model RS_C5.0. The effectiveness of the model combination is assessed by comparing the classification results with the state-of-the-art machine learning algorithm, namely extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The comparisons are done based on the classification results of both the study area and the case area. Results show that in the classification of the study area, RF performs slightly better than SVM, and XGBoost performs worse than RF but better than SVM. However, in the classification of the case area, SVM performs slightly better than RF and both SVM and RF perform better than XGBoost. Furthermore, RS_C5.0 obtains the highest overall accuracies and kappa coefficients in the classifications of both the study area and the case area. In terms of training time, XGBoost runs the slowest in the classifications of both the study area and the case area. SVM and RF as well as the combined model (RS_C5.0) run much faster than XGBoost classifier. To summarize, the combination of SVM and RF classifiers using C5.0 algorithm is found to be a fast and effective way to improve rural-land-cover classification. (C) 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Xu, Saiping; Zhao, Qianjun; Yin, Kai; Zhang, Feifei; Yang, Guang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Xu, Saiping] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Liu, Dingbang] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Automat, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Yin, K; Zhang, FF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM yinkai@radi.ac.cn; zhangff@radi.ac.cn FU National Science and Technology Support Program Project [2014BAL01B02]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41471423] FX This research was supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program Project (Grant No. 2014BAL01B02) titled "Research on the hollow village renovation planning and the support technology of its informationization." And it was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41471423) titled "The simulation research of the urban forest dust capturing capability based on the plants selection and community structure configuration." The constructive comments from all anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 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Previous studies proposed global analyses with the aim of predicting earthquake-induced landslide distributions in near real-time. However, in all those studies, mapping units are constituted by pixels, which do not reflect homogeneously distributed physical property for a given terrain unit and whose size do not match the resolution of existing thematic data at global scale. Moreover, none of the existing analyses considers sampling balance between different inventories or categorizing the inventories to construct a training set with higher statistical representativeness. We develop an improved global statistical method to address these drawbacks. We use slope units, which are terrain partitions attributed to similar hydrological and geomorphological conditions and to processes that shape natural landscapes. A set of 25 earthquake-induced landslide-events are selected and categorized based on the similarity between causal factors to determine the most relevant training set to make a prediction for a given landslide-event. As a result, we develop a specific model for each category. We sample an equal number of landslide points from each inventory to overcome the dominance of some inventories with large landslide population. We use seven independent thematic variables for both categorizing the inventories and modeling, based on logistic regression. The results show that categorizing landslide-events introduces a remarkable improvement in the modeling performance of many events. The categorization of existing inventories can be applied within any statistical, global approach to earthquake-induced landslide events. The proposed categorization approach and the classification performance can be further improved with the acquisition of new inventory maps. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. 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TI A bibliometric analysis of health-related literature on natural disasters from 1900 to 2017 SO HEALTH RESEARCH POLICY AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Natural disasters; health; bibliometric analysis ID EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE; RISK REDUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION; LESSONS; RUPTURE; CHILD AB BackgroundWorldwide, natural disasters have caused a large number of deaths and considerable morbidity. Nevertheless, limited information is available on how the health-related literature on natural disasters has evolved. The current study aims to assess the growth and pattern of health-related literature on natural disasters.MethodA bibliometric method was implemented using Scopus database for the period from 1900 to 2017. Keywords used in the search strategy were obtained from the classifications of natural disasters presented by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. The health component was determined by selecting the health-related subject areas in Scopus.ResultsIn total, 9073 documents were retrieved. The annual number of publications showed a noticeable sharp increase after 2004. The retrieved documents received 97,605 citations, an average of 10.8 per document. The h-index of the retrieved documents was 113. Author keywords with the highest occurrence were earthquakes' followed by disaster medicine', disaster planning', tsunami', mental health', disaster preparedness', PTSD', emergency preparedness', and public health'. Authors from the United States of America contributed to 3127 (34.5%) publications and ranked first, followed by those from Japan (700; 7.7%) and China (636; 7.0%). When research output was standardised by Gross Domestic Product per capita, India ranked first, followed by China and the United States. The United Kingdom had the highest percentage of documents with international authors, followed by those from Switzerland and Canada. The Prehospital and Disaster Medicine journal published the most articles (636; 7.0%). The Sichuan University and its affiliated hospital contributed to 384 (7.0%) documents and ranked first in the field.ConclusionThe current baseline information on health-related literature on natural disasters showed that this field is growing rapidly but with inadequate international research collaboration. Research collaboration in this field needs to be strengthened to improve the global response to natural disasters in any place in the world. There is a need to expand the research focus in this field to include communicable and non-communicable diseases. Finally, the health effects of other natural disasters, such as floods, droughts and disease outbreaks, need to be addressed. C1 [Sweileh, Waleed M.] An Najah Natl Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Div Biomed Sci, Dept Physiol,Pharmacol Toxicol, Nablus, Palestine. RP Sweileh, WM (reprint author), An Najah Natl Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Div Biomed Sci, Dept Physiol,Pharmacol Toxicol, Nablus, Palestine. 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Policy Syst. PD FEB 11 PY 2019 VL 17 AR 18 DI 10.1186/s12961-019-0418-1 PG 11 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA HL1CQ UT WOS:000458432000001 PM 30744641 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Toujani, R Akaichi, J AF Toujani, Radhia Akaichi, Jalel TI Event news detection and citizens community structure for disaster management in social networks SO ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Hierarchical clustering; Risk assessment; Social network analysis; Event detection; Citizens' community structure; Social news AB Purpose Nowadays, the event detection is so important in gathering news from social media. Indeed, it is widely employed by journalists to generate early alerts of reported stories. In order to incorporate available data on social media into a news story, journalists must manually process, compile and verify the news content within a very short time span. Despite its utility and importance, this process is time-consuming and labor-intensive for media organizations. Because of the afore-mentioned reason and as social media provides an essential source of data used as a support for professional journalists, the purpose of this paper is to propose the citizen clustering technique which allows the community of journalists and media professionals to document news during crises. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop, in this study, an approach for natural hazard events news detection and danger citizen' groups clustering based on three major steps. In the first stage, the authors present a pipeline of several natural language processing tasks: event trigger detection, applied to recuperate potential event triggers; named entity recognition, used for the detection and recognition of event participants related to the extracted event triggers; and, ultimately, a dependency analysis between all the extracted data. Analyzing the ambiguity and the vagueness of similarity of news plays a key role in event detection. This issue was ignored in traditional event detection techniques. To this end, in the second step of our approach, the authors apply fuzzy sets techniques on these extracted events to enhance the clustering quality and remove the vagueness of the extracted information. Then, the defined degree of citizens' danger is injected as input to the introduced citizens clustering method in order to detect citizens' communities with close disaster degrees. Findings Empirical results indicate that homogeneous and compact citizen' clusters can be detected using the suggested event detection method. It can also be observed that event news can be analyzed efficiently using the fuzzy theory. In addition, the proposed visualization process plays a crucial role in data journalism, as it is used to analyze event news, as well as in the final presentation of detected danger citizens' clusters. Originality/value The introduced citizens clustering method is profitable for journalists and editors to better judge the veracity of social media content, navigate the overwhelming, identify eyewitnesses and contextualize the event. The empirical analysis results illustrate the efficiency of the developed method for both real and artificial networks. C1 [Toujani, Radhia] Univ Tunisia, ISG Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. [Akaichi, Jalel] Univ Bisha, Coll Comp Sci, Bisha, Saudi Arabia. RP Toujani, R (reprint author), Univ Tunisia, ISG Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. 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PD FEB 11 PY 2019 VL 43 IS 1 BP 113 EP 132 DI 10.1108/OIR-03-2018-0091 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA HL0VE UT WOS:000458411500007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Santangelo, M Alvioli, M Baldo, M Cardinali, M Giordan, D Guzzetti, F Marchesini, I Reichenbach, P AF Santangelo, Michele Alvioli, Massimiliano Baldo, Marco Cardinali, Mauro Giordan, Daniele Guzzetti, Fausto Marchesini, Ivan Reichenbach, Paola TI Brief communication: Remotely piloted aircraft systems for rapid emergency response: road exposure to rockfall in Villanova di Accumoli (central Italy) SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; LANDSLIDE; HAZARD; UAV; VALLEY; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; SLOPE; MAP AB The use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) in geosciences is often aimed at the acquisition of an image sequence to produce digital models and orthophotographs of the topographic surface. The technology can be applied for rockfall hazard and risk assessment. To study rockfalls, an approach consists in the application of numerical models for the computation of rockfall trajectories. Data required for such simulations include digital terrain models, location of the instability source areas, and the mechanical properties of the terrain. In this article, we present an analysis of the earthquake-triggered rockfall that occurred along the SP18 in Villanova di Accumoli (Lazio, central Italy) during the seismic sequence that started on 24 August 2016. A survey with a multicopter was carried out to obtain a surface model of the terrain and identify and characterize the source areas and other instable blocks in areas not accessible in the field. The investigated area extends for 6500 m(2 )and was covered by 161 photographs that were used to obtain an orthophoto with a ground resolution of 2.5 cm and a digital surface model with a ground resolution of 20 cm x 20 cm, which was processed and fused with GNSS real-time kinematic data. To obtain a map of potential rockfall trajectories, we run the numerical model STONE, using as origin of the boulders both source areas mapped in the field and pixels with a slope angle above a selected threshold. Results showed that only the part of the road SP18 already affected by the rockfall was exposed to further rockfall impacts. In particular, it was observed that 29.2 % (i.e. 12 123) of the 41 500 simulated trajectories may potentially reach or cross this tract of the road. Based on these data, limited protection measures were suggested. The combined use of RPAS data, fused with ground GPS points, an accurate geomorphological survey, and terrain static and dynamic parameters from the literature allows fast, low-cost, and replicable rockfall numerical modelling useful for emergency response and adoption of proper protection measures. C1 [Santangelo, Michele; Alvioli, Massimiliano; Cardinali, Mauro; Guzzetti, Fausto; Marchesini, Ivan; Reichenbach, Paola] CNR, Ist Ric Protez Idrogeol, Via Madonna Alta 126, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. [Baldo, Marco; Giordan, Daniele] CNR, Ist Ric Protez Idrogeol, Str Cacce 73, I-10135 Turin, Italy. RP Santangelo, M (reprint author), CNR, Ist Ric Protez Idrogeol, Via Madonna Alta 126, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. EM michele.santangelo@irpi.cnr.it RI Guzzetti, Fausto/G-4404-2011; Marchesini, Ivan/B-3994-2015; Santangelo, Michele/S-5372-2016 OI Guzzetti, Fausto/0000-0003-4950-6056; Marchesini, Ivan/0000-0002-8342-3134; Santangelo, Michele/0000-0003-1299-9192 FU Italian National Department of Civil Protection FX The work was partly funded by the Italian National Department of Civil Protection. 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Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. PD FEB 7 PY 2019 VL 19 IS 2 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.5194/nhess-19-325-2019 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HK6PT UT WOS:000458105200001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, ZC Tan, XH AF Li, Zhichao Tan, Xihan TI Disaster-Recovery Social Capital and Community Participation in Earthquake-Stricken Ya'an Areas SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE social capital; community participation; disaster recovery; local government; community self-organization ID MANAGEMENT; GOVERNMENT; NETWORKS AB Social capital plays a significant role in post-disaster community participation and disaster recovery. This study divides social capital into three aspects: Cognition, structure, and relation, and discusses the impact of these factors on community participation in post-disaster recovery. Through data analysis, we found that a self-organized relationship villager network had a positive effect on villager's participation in voluntary community activities after an earthquake, while the local cadre relationship network had a negative impact. However, the latter could encourage villagers to participate in disaster-recovery activities organized by the local government. These findings indicate that the mobilization mechanism for post-disaster local-government reconstruction and community self-organization are the same, both coming through the social-acquaintance network, a type of noninstitutionalized social capital. The implication of this study suggests that local government should attach much importance to the construction and integration of social networks in earthquake-stricken areas to cultivate community social capital. C1 [Li, Zhichao] East China Univ Polit Sci & Law, Sch Polit Sci & Publ Adm, Shanghai 201620, Peoples R China. [Tan, Xihan] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Publ Adm, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Li, ZC (reprint author), East China Univ Polit Sci & Law, Sch Polit Sci & Publ Adm, Shanghai 201620, Peoples R China. EM 2863@ecupl.edu.cn; 2016120301016@std.uestc.edu.cn FU Shanghai Social Science Fund [2018BGL008] FX The research was funded by the Shanghai Social Science Fund (NO. 2018BGL008). 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Given the importance of evidence-based, risk-informed decision-making, we aimed to critically assess the integration of EPH expertise and research into each phase of disaster management. In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 leaders in disaster management from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, and were complemented by other qualitative methods. Three topics were examined: governance, knowledge creation/translation, and related barriers/needs. Data were analyzed through a four-step content analysis. Six critical success factors emerged from the analysis: blending the best of traditional and modern approaches; fostering community engagement; cultivating relationships; investing in preparedness and recovery; putting knowledge into practice; and ensuring sufficient human and financial resources. Several promising knowledge-to-action strategies were also identified, including mentorship programs, communities of practice, advisory groups, systematized learning, and comprehensive repositories of tools and resources. There is no single roadmap to incorporate EPH expertise and research into disaster management. Our findings suggest that preparation for and management of EPH disaster risks requires effective long-term collaboration between science, policy, and EPH practitioners at all levels in order to facilitate coordinated and timely deployment of multi-sectoral/jurisdictional resources when and where they are most needed. C1 [Genereux, Melissa] Sherbrooke Hosp Univ Ctr, Eastern Townships Integrated Univ Ctr Hlth & Soci, Sherbrooke, PQ J1G 1B1, Canada. [Genereux, Melissa] Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Sherbrooke, PQ J1H 5N4, Canada. 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J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD FEB 2 PY 2019 VL 16 IS 4 AR 587 DI 10.3390/ijerph16040587 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HO3FK UT WOS:000460804900066 PM 30781625 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, B Lee, J AF Yang, Byungyun Lee, Jungil TI Improving accuracy of automated 3-D building models for smart cities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE 3D city model; GIS; smart cities; oblique aerial photographs; disaster management ID LASER SCANNER; LIDAR; VISUALIZATION; GENERATION; IMAGERY AB Photorealistic three-dimensional (3-D) models are important tools for urban and disaster management planning because they contain useful visual and spatial information for assessing the situation and responding accordingly. Thus, it is crucial for 3-D city models to maintain a high level of accuracy in portraying 3-D geometric objects. Despite that, significant research with respect to 3-D city models has been conducted; however, it is still difficult to create accurate 3-D representations, particularly across a wide area. Thus, this research is aimed at developing an automated 3-D city modeling application that utilizes a combination of aerial photographs, terrestrial light detection and ranging, and total station techniques for particularly dense urban areas. To enable the development of an automated 3-D city model, this research developed application software programmed in C++. This application enables users to generate 3-D images of buildings. Specifically, the 3-D city models are generated using the aerial photographs. The positional accuracy of the model is highly improved by comparing building models produced using a photogrammetric plotting instrument. Once created using a combination of aerial photos and terrestrial instruments, the 3-D city model is quantitatively assessed for completeness and suitability for commercial or public use. C1 [Yang, Byungyun] Depaul Univ, Dept Geog, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Lee, Jungil] Shinhan Aerial Survey, 254 Beotkkot Ro, Seoul, South Korea. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Shinhan Aerial Survey, 254 Beotkkot Ro, Seoul, South Korea. 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J. Digit. Earth PD FEB 1 PY 2019 VL 12 IS 2 SI SI BP 209 EP 227 DI 10.1080/17538947.2017.1395089 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HI5NJ UT WOS:000456500200007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Roman-Gonzalez, A Meneses-Claudio, BA Vargas-Cuentas, NI AF Roman-Gonzalez, Avid Meneses-Claudio, Brian A. Vargas-Cuentas, Natalia, I TI Flood Analysis in Peru using Satellite Image: The Summer 2017 Case SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Overflow; landslide; chosica; piura; satellite image processing; sentinel 1 AB At the beginning of the year 2017, different regions of Peru suffered from heavy rains mainly due to the 'El Nino' and 'La Nina' phenomena. As a result of these massive storms, several cities were affected by overflows and landslides. Chosica and Piura were the most affected cities. On the other hand, the satellite images have many applications, one of them is the aid for the better management of the natural disasters (post-disaster management). In this sense, the present work proposes the use of radar satellite images from Sentinel constellation to make an analysis of the most-affected areas by floods in the cities of Chosica and Piura. The applied methodology is to analyse and compare two images (one before and one after the disaster) to identify the affected areas based on differences between both images. The analysing process includes radiometric calibration, speckle filtering, terrain correction, histogram plotting, and image binarization. The results show maps of the analysed cities and identify a significant number of areas flooded according to satellite images from March 2017. Using the resulting maps, authorities can make better decisions. The satellite images used were from the Sentinel 1 satellite belonging to the European Union. 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J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 10 IS 2 BP 346 EP 351 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HR3YA UT WOS:000463078000047 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shah, SG Ahmed, A Ullah, I Noor, W AF Shah, Syed Gul Ahmed, Atiq Ullah, Ihsan Noor, Waheed TI A Novel Data Aggregation Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Wireless Sensor Networks; energy consumption; energy-aware routing; clustering; data aggregation ID IMPROVEMENT AB Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of diverse and minute sensor nodes which are widely employed in different applications, for example, atmosphere monitoring, search and rescue activities, disaster management, untamed life checking and so on. A WSN which is an accumulation of clusters and information exchange occurs with the assistance of cluster head (CH). A lot of sensor nodes' energy is utilized in procedures like detection, information exchange and making clusters using various protocols. In a cluster based WSN, it is profitable to segregate the tasks performed by cluster heads as a fair amount of energy could be conserved. Following this, we propose a solution to include a supplementary node that is named as a 'super node' alongside cluster head in a cluster based WSN in this work. This node is in-charge of all the clusters in a WSN and takes care of the entire cluster's energy information. It manages the cluster heads from their creation to the end. All the clusters in the network send their respective information to this node that eliminates redundant information and forwards the aggregated information towards the sink. This not only saves the CH energy but also conserves individual cluster node's energy by proper monitoring the energy levels. 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J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 10 IS 2 BP 585 EP 590 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HR3YA UT WOS:000463078000074 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Verspieren, Q AF Verspieren, Quentin TI Analysing Space Data Sharing Through Normative Power: The Case for a Japan-ASEAN Partnership SO SPACE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Satellite remote sensing; Data sharing; Normative power; Japan; ASEAN AB Space-based remote sensing is playing a prominent role for disaster management and socioeconomic development in Asia-Pacific. However, the unequal access to space technology in the region prompts the establishment of regional data-sharing agreements. This situation provides an opportunity for the region's leading space powers to enhance their regional influence. 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Disaster management has been considered difficult and tedious due to the complex characteristics of disaster-related data. To deal with this problem, this research developed a chatbot system with a water-related disaster database, a user intent mechanism, and an intuitive mobile-device-based user interface. With such a system, users are able to access important data or information they need for decision making by directly asking the proposed chatbot or operating the image-based menus. The system was validated through a usability test and a six-month field test. The results demonstrated that Ask Diana can help related personnel access disaster data intuitively and develop corresponding response strategies efficiently. C1 [Tsai, Meng-Han] Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Taipei 10607, Taiwan. [Chen, James Yichu] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Kang, Shih-Chung] Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. RP Tsai, MH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Taipei 10607, Taiwan. EM menghan@mail.ntust.edu.tw; yie@caece.net; sckang@ualberta.ca OI Tsai, Meng-Han/0000-0002-2466-6152 FU Research Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. [MOST 107-2119-M-002-017] FX This research was funded by the Research Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C., grant number MOST 107-2119-M-002-017. 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H., 2017, J CHIN I CIVIL HYDRA, V29, P227, DOI [10.6652/JoCICHE.20171229(4).0002, DOI 10.6652/JOCICHE.20171229(4).0002] Tsai M.H., 2019, J CHIN I CIV HYDRAUL Tsai MH, 2013, J DISASTER MANAG, V2, P21 WEIZENBAUM J, 1966, COMMUN ACM, V9, P36, DOI 10.1145/365153.365168 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD FEB PY 2019 VL 11 IS 2 AR 234 DI 10.3390/w11020234 PG 19 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA HO4NM UT WOS:000460899600053 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Schnall, AH Roth, J Ellis, B Seger, K Davis, M Ellis, EM AF Schnall, Amy Helene Roth, Joseph (Jay) Ellis, Brett Seger, Krystal Davis, Michelle Ellis, Esther M. TI Addressing Community Needs During the Hurricane Response and Recovery Efforts Through Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER)-United States Virgin Islands, 2017-2018 SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article AB Objectives Two category 5 storms hit the US Virgin Islands (USVI) within 13 days of each other in September 2017. This caused an almost complete loss of power and devastated critical infrastructure such as the hospitals and airports Methods The USVI Department of Health conducted 2 response Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPERs) in November 2017 and a recovery CASPER in February 2018. CASPER is a 2-stage cluster sampling method designed to provide household-based information about a community's needs in a timely, inexpensive, and representative manner. Results Almost 70% of homes were damaged or destroyed, 81.2% of homes still needed repair, and 10.4% of respondents felt their home was unsafe to live in approximately 5 months after the storms. Eighteen percent of individual respondents indicated that their mental health was "not good" for 14 or more days in the past month, a significant increase from 2016. Conclusion The CASPERs helped characterize the status and needs of residents after the devastating hurricanes and illustrate the evolving needs of the community and the progression of the recovery process. CASPER findings were shared with response and recovery partners to promote data-driven recovery efforts, improve the efficiency of the current response and recovery efforts, and strengthen emergency preparedness in USVI. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:53-62) C1 [Schnall, Amy Helene] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roth, Joseph (Jay)] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roth, Joseph (Jay); Ellis, Brett; Seger, Krystal; Davis, Michelle; Ellis, Esther M.] US Virgin Isl Dept Hlth, St Thomas, VI USA. RP Schnall, AH (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway MS F60, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM GHU5@cdc.gov CR [Anonymous], 2017, COORD FED SUPP CONT [Anonymous], 2012, ROD CONTR DIS Arroll B, 2010, ANN FAM MED, V8, P348, DOI 10.1370/afm.1139 Dwyer C., 2017, NPR BREAKING NE 0914 Erdman J., 2017, WEATHER CHANNEL 1002 Malilay J, 1996, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V74, P399 Skapinakis Petros, 2007, Evid Based Med, V12, P149, DOI 10.1136/ebm.12.5.149 US Census Bureau, AM FACT FIND US VIRG US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019, COMM ASS PUBL HLTH E US Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2017, DAIL OP BRIEF NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 13 IS 1 SI SI BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1017/dmp.2019.6 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HO1HK UT WOS:000460656000011 PM 30841953 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nestler, S AF Nestler, Simon TI Safety-critical human computer interaction SO IT-INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human-Computer Interaction; User Centered Design; Interactive System; Disaster Management; Emergency Medicine; Mass Casualty Incident AB Dealing with usability issues of safety-critical interactive systems is essential for an efficient, effective and joyful use of these systems. This paper describes a prototypical safety-critical environment and discusses the HCI (human computer interaction) challenges of different interactive systems for safety-critical environments. We designed, developed and evaluated various interactive systems which solve different challenges in so-called mass casualty incidents (MCIs). In summary, we made contributions to three different areas of application: Mobile computing in safety-critical environments, simulation of safety-critical environments and social media in safety-critical environments. Finally, this paper gives further insights how all these research results can to be brought together in the future in order to be able to build usable interactive systems for safety-critical environments. C1 [Nestler, Simon] Hsch Hamm Lippstadt, Marker Allee 76-78, D-59063 Hamm, Germany. RP Nestler, S (reprint author), Hsch Hamm Lippstadt, Marker Allee 76-78, D-59063 Hamm, Germany. EM simon.nestler@hshl.de CR Baker MS, 2007, MIL MED, V172, P232, DOI 10.7205/MILMED.172.3.232 Flemming A., 2007, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin, V44, P452, DOI 10.1007/s00390-007-0815-5 Gutsch W, 2006, NOTFALL RETTUNGSMED, V9, P384, DOI DOI 10.1007/S10049-006-0827-X Kanz KG, 2006, NOTFALL RETTUNGSMED, P264, DOI DOI 10.1007/S10049-006-0821-3 Karl I., 2014, MENSCH COMP WORKSH M, P125 Nestler S., 2009, 17 INT C CENTR EUR C Nestler S., 2010, 10 WORKSH MOB INF MO Nestler S., 2018, MENSCH COMP WORKSH D Nestler S., 2009, MOBILES COMPUTING ME, P1155 Nestler S., 2007, MOBILES COMPUTING ME Nestler S., 2014, TAGUNGSBAND LUKEX, P48 Nestler S., 2011, WORKSH P TAG MENSCH, P115 Nestler S., 2009, AMI 09 Nestler S., 2007, UBICOMP WORKSH INT U Nestler S., 2007, VIERTER WORKSH VIRT Nestler S., 2018, SICHERHEITSKRITISCHE Nestler S., 2017, MENSCH COMP WORKSH R Richter A., 2012, APERTO RAHMENWERK AU, V2 Rother Kristian, 2015, International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, V7, P40, DOI 10.4018/IJISCRAM.2015070103 Rother K., 2015, MENSCH COMP WORKSH S, P69 Rother K., 2016, MENSCH COMP WORKSH A Schwarz-Friesel M., 2012, SPRACHE KOMMUNIKATIO, P119 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1611-2776 EI 2196-7032 J9 IT-INF TECHNOL JI IT-Inf. Technol. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 61 IS 1 SI SI BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1515/itit-2018-0037 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA HN8HC UT WOS:000460434800007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ba, R Song, WG Li, XL Xie, ZX Lo, SM AF Ba, Rui Song, Weiguo Li, Xiaolian Xie, Zixi Lo, Siuming TI Integration of Multiple Spectral Indices and a Neural Network for Burned Area Mapping Based on MODIS Data SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE MODIS; burned area; spectral indices; neural network ID FIRE SEVERITY; TIME-SERIES; VEGETATION; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; IMAGES; RED AB Since wildfires have occurred frequently in recent years, accurate burned area mapping is required for wildfire severity assessment and burned land reconstruction. Satellite remote sensing is an effective technology that can provide valuable information for wildfire assessment. However, the common approaches based on using a single satellite image to promptly detect the burned areas have low accuracy and limited applicability. This paper develops a new burned area mapping method that surpasses the detection accuracy of previous methods, while still using a single Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor image. The key innovation is integrating optimal spectral indices and a neural network algorithm. We used the traditional empirical formula method, multi-threshold method and visual interpretation method to extract the sample sets of five typical types (burned area, vegetation, cloud, bare soil, and cloud shadow) from the MODIS data of several wildfires in the American states of Nevada, Washington and California in 2016. Afterward, the separability index M was adopted to assess the capacity of seven spectral bands and 13 spectral indices to distinguish the burned area from four unburned land cover types. Based on the separability analysis between the burned area and unburned areas, the spectral indices with an M value higher than 1.0 were employed to generate the training sample sets that were assessed to have an overall accuracy of 98.68% and Kappa coefficient of 97.46%. Finally, we utilized a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) to learn the spectral differences of different types from the training sample sets and obtain the output burned area map. The proposed method was applied to three wildfire cases in the American states of Idaho, Nevada and Oregon in 2017. A comparison of detection results between the new MODIS-based burned area map and the reference burned area map compiled from Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data indicates that the proposed method can effectively exploit the spectral characteristics of various land cover types. Also, this new method can achieve higher accuracy with the reduction of commission error (CE, >10%) and omission error (OE, >6%) compared to the traditional empirical formula method. The new burned area mapping method could help managers and the public perform more effective wildfire assessments and emergency management. C1 [Ba, Rui; Song, Weiguo; Xie, Zixi] Univ Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Jinzhai 96, Hefei 2300026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Ba, Rui; Lo, Siuming] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil & Architectural Engn, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiaolian] Shanghai Maritime Univ, Coll Ocean Sci & Engn, Haigang Ave 1550, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. RP Song, WG (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Jinzhai 96, Hefei 2300026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM barui@mail.ustc.edu.cn; wgsong@ustc.edu.cn; lixl@shmtu.edu.cn; perseuxi@mail.ustc.edu.cn; bcsmli@cityu.edu.hk OI LO, Siu Ming/0000-0001-9146-0579; BA, Rui/0000-0001-8889-3111 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC0807000]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2320000040]; Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaHong Kong Research Grants Council [CityU 11300815] FX This research was funded by National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0807000), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. WK2320000040), and the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (contract grant number CityU 11300815). 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PD FEB 1 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 3 AR 326 DI 10.3390/rs11030326 PG 26 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HN1JX UT WOS:000459944400114 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Belabid, N Zhao, F Brocca, L Huang, YB Tan, YM AF Belabid, Nasreddine Zhao, Feng Brocca, Luca Huang, Yanbo Tan, Yumin TI Near-Real-Time Flood Forecasting Based on Satellite Precipitation Products SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE satellite precipitation products (SSPs); flood forecasting; discharge estimation; MILc model; integrated multi-satellite retrievals for global precipitation measurement (IMERG); tropical rainfall measurement mission multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA); flood extent mapping ID MODIS; MODEL AB Floods, storms and hurricanes are devastating for human life and agricultural cropland. Near-real-time (NRT) discharge estimation is crucial to avoid the damages from flood disasters. The key input for the discharge estimation is precipitation. Directly using the ground stations to measure precipitation is not efficient, especially during a severe rainstorm, because precipitation varies even in the same region. This uncertainty might result in much less robust flood discharge estimation and forecasting models. The use of satellite precipitation products (SPPs) provides a larger area of coverage of rainstorms and a higher frequency of precipitation data compared to using the ground stations. In this paper, based on SPPs, a new NRT flood forecasting approach is proposed to reduce the time of the emergency response to flood disasters to minimize disaster damage. The proposed method allows us to forecast floods using a discharge hydrograph and to use the results to map flood extent by introducing SPPs into the rainfall-runoff model. In this study, we first evaluated the capacity of SPPs to estimate flood discharge and their accuracy in flood extent mapping. Two high temporal resolution SPPs were compared, integrated multi-satellite retrievals for global precipitation measurement (IMERG) and tropical rainfall measurement mission multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA). The two products are evaluated over the Ottawa watershed in Canada during the period from 10 April 2017 to 10 May 2017. With TMPA, the results showed that the difference between the observed and modeled discharges was significant with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of -0.9241 and an adapted NSE (ANSE) of -1.0048 under high flow conditions. The TMPA-based model did not reproduce the shape of the observed hydrographs. However, with IMERG, the difference between the observed and modeled discharges was improved with an NSE equal to 0.80387 and an ANSE of 0.82874. Also, the IMERG-based model could reproduce the shape of the observed hydrographs, mainly under high flow conditions. Since IMERG products provide better accuracy, they were used for flood extent mapping in this study. Flood mapping results showed that the error was mostly within one pixel compared with the observed flood benchmark data of the Ottawa River acquired by RadarSat-2 during the flood event. The newly developed flood forecasting approach based on SPPs offers a solution for flood disaster management for poorly or totally ungauged watersheds regarding precipitation measurement. These findings could be referred to by others for NRT flood forecasting research and applications. C1 [Belabid, Nasreddine; Zhao, Feng] Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Belabid, Nasreddine] Algerian Space Agcy, Algiers 16342, Algeria. [Brocca, Luca] CNR, Res Inst Geohydrol Protect, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. [Huang, Yanbo] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Tan, Yumin] Beihang Univ, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, F (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Instrumentat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.; Tan, YM (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. EM ls1625221@buaa.edu.cn; zhaofeng@buaa.edu.cn; luca.brocca@irpi.cnr.it; yanbo.huang@ars.usda.gov; tanym@buaa.edu.cn RI Zhao, Feng/U-7630-2017; Brocca, Luca/F-2854-2010 OI Brocca, Luca/0000-0002-9080-260X FU Chinese Natural Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771382] FX This work was supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (Project 41771382). 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PD FEB 1 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 3 AR 252 DI 10.3390/rs11030252 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HN1JX UT WOS:000459944400040 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Burrows, K Walters, RJ Milledge, D Spaans, K Densmore, AL AF Burrows, Katy Walters, Richard J. Milledge, David Spaans, Karsten Densmore, Alexander L. TI A New Method for Large-Scale Landslide Classification from Satellite Radar SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE landslides; emergency response; synthetic aperture radar ID 7.8 GORKHA EARTHQUAKE; TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; SAR; NEPAL; INTERFEROMETRY; DECORRELATION; IMAGES; STATE; TIME AB Following a large continental earthquake, information on the spatial distribution of triggered landslides is required as quickly as possible for use in emergency response coordination. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) methods have the potential to overcome variability in weather conditions, which often causes delays of days or weeks when mapping landslides using optical satellite imagery. Here we test landslide classifiers based on SAR coherence, which is estimated from the similarity in phase change in time between small ensembles of pixels. We test two existing SAR-coherence-based landslide classifiers against an independent inventory of landslides triggered following the M-w 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake, and present and test a new method, which uses a classifier based on coherence calculated from ensembles of neighbouring pixels and coherence calculated from a more dispersed ensemble of 'sibling' pixels. Using Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis, we show that none of these three SAR-coherence-based landslide classification methods are suitable for mapping individual landslides on a pixel-by-pixel basis. However, they show potential in generating lower-resolution density maps, which are used by emergency responders following an earthquake to coordinate large-scale operations and identify priority areas. The new method we present outperforms existing methods when tested at these lower resolutions, suggesting that it may be able to provide useful and rapid information on landslide distributions following major continental earthquakes. C1 [Burrows, Katy; Walters, Richard J.] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Observat & Modelling Earthquakes Volcanoes &, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Milledge, David] Newcastle Univ, Sch Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear NE1 7RU, England. [Spaans, Karsten] Satsense, Ctr Observat & Modelling Earthquakes Volcanoes &, Leeds LS2 9DF, W Yorkshire, England. [Densmore, Alexander L.] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Burrows, K (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Observat & Modelling Earthquakes Volcanoes &, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM katy.a.burrows@durham.ac.uk; richard.walters@durham.ac.uk; david.milledge@ncl.ac.uk; karsten.spaans@satsense.com; a.l.densmore@durham.ac.uk RI Densmore, Alexander/A-1630-2012 OI Densmore, Alexander/0000-0003-0629-6554; Milledge, David/0000-0003-4077-4898 FU Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience at Durham University through the Action on Natural Disasters PhD scholarship programme; NERC Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET) FX This work was carried out as part of a PhD project funded by the Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience at Durham University through the Action on Natural Disasters PhD scholarship programme. The work was partly supported through the NERC Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET). 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S. Patent, Patent No. [9,207,318, 920731820] Yun SH, 2015, SEISMOL RES LETT, V86, P1549, DOI 10.1785/0220150152 ZEBKER HA, 1992, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V30, P950, DOI 10.1109/36.175330 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB 1 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 3 AR 237 DI 10.3390/rs11030237 PG 24 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HN1JX UT WOS:000459944400025 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fan, H Bennetts, VH Schaffernicht, E Lilienthal, AJ AF Fan, Han Bennetts, Victor Hernandez Schaffernicht, Erik Lilienthal, Achim J. TI Towards Gas Discrimination and Mapping in Emergency Response Scenarios Using a Mobile Robot with an Electronic Nose SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE gas discrimination; gas distribution mapping; emergency response; mobile robotics olfaction; unsupervised learning; search and rescue robot ID LOCALIZATION; SYSTEM AB Emergency personnel, such as firefighters, bomb technicians, and urban search and rescue specialists, can be exposed to a variety of extreme hazards during the response to natural and human-made disasters. In many of these scenarios, a risk factor is the presence of hazardous airborne chemicals. The recent and rapid advances in robotics and sensor technologies allow emergency responders to deal with such hazards from relatively safe distances. Mobile robots with gas-sensing capabilities allow to convey useful information such as the possible source positions of different chemicals in the emergency area. However, common gas sampling procedures for laboratory use are not applicable due to the complexity of the environment and the need for fast deployment and analysis. In addition, conventional gas identification approaches, based on supervised learning, cannot handle situations when the number and identities of the present chemicals are unknown. For the purpose of emergency response, all the information concluded from the gas detection events during the robot exploration should be delivered in real time. To address these challenges, we developed an online gas-sensing system using an electronic nose. Our system can automatically perform unsupervised learning and update the discrimination model as the robot is exploring a given environment. The online gas discrimination results are further integrated with geometrical information to derive a multi-compound gas spatial distribution map. The proposed system is deployed on a robot built to operate in harsh environments for supporting fire brigades, and is validated in several different real-world experiments of discriminating and mapping multiple chemical compounds in an indoor open environment. Our results show that the proposed system achieves high accuracy in gas discrimination in an online, unsupervised, and computationally efficient manner. The subsequently created gas distribution maps accurately indicate the presence of different chemicals in the environment, which is of practical significance for emergency response. C1 [Fan, Han; Bennetts, Victor Hernandez; Schaffernicht, Erik; Lilienthal, Achim J.] Orebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, AASS Res Ctr, Mobile Robot & Olfact Lab, S-70281 Orebro, Sweden. RP Fan, H (reprint author), Orebro Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, AASS Res Ctr, Mobile Robot & Olfact Lab, S-70281 Orebro, Sweden. EM han.fan@oru.se; victor.hernandez@oru.se; erik.schaffernicht@oru.se; achim.lilienthal@oru.se RI Lilienthal, Achim J./AAB-1119-2019 OI Lilienthal, Achim J./0000-0003-0217-9326; Hernandez Bennetts, Victor/0000-0001-5061-5474 FU European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre [645101] FX This work has partly been supported within H2020-ICT by the European Commission under grant agreement number 645101. 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M. Granada, Roger Maidana, Renan G. Jurak, Darlan A. Heck, Guilherme Negreiros, Alvaro P. F. dos Santos, Davi H. Goncalves, Luiz M. G. Amory, Alexandre M. TI A Survey on Unmanned Surface Vehicles for Disaster Robotics: Main Challenges and Directions SO SENSORS LA English DT Review DE survey; disaster management; unmanned surface vehicle; USV; unmanned surface craft; USC; autonomous surface craft; ASC; autonomous boat; disaster robotics; floods; landslides; hurricanes; tsunamis; hazard; search and rescue ID OIL-SPILL; AUTONOMOUS SURFACE; COOPERATIVE CONTROL; SEA-SURFACE; MARINE; REMOTE; TRACKING; DESIGN; SYSTEM; RESCUE AB Disaster robotics has become a research area in its own right, with several reported cases of successful robot deployment in actual disaster scenarios. Most of these disaster deployments use aerial, ground, or underwater robotic platforms. However, the research involving autonomous boats or Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) for Disaster Management (DM) is currently spread across several publications, with varying degrees of depth, and focusing on more than one unmanned vehicle-usually under the umbrella of Unmanned Marine Vessels (UMV). Therefore, the current importance of USVs for the DM process in its different phases is not clear. This paper presents the first comprehensive survey about the applications and roles of USVs for DM, as far as we know. This work demonstrates that there are few current deployments in disaster scenarios, with most of the research in the area focusing on the technological aspects of USV hardware and software, such as Guidance Navigation and Control, and not focusing on their actual importance for DM. Finally, to guide future research, this paper also summarizes our own contributions, the lessons learned, guidelines, and research gaps. C1 [Jorge, Vitor A. M.; Granada, Roger; Maidana, Renan G.; Jurak, Darlan A.; Heck, Guilherme; Amory, Alexandre M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Sch Technol, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Negreiros, Alvaro P. F.; dos Santos, Davi H.; Goncalves, Luiz M. G.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Comp Engn & Automat, BR-59078970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Jorge, Vitor A. M.] Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Elect Engn Div IEE, BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Jorge, VAM; Granada, R; Amory, AM (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Sch Technol, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.; Jorge, VAM (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Elect Engn Div IEE, BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. EM vitormj@ita.br; roger.granada@acad.pucrs.br; renan.maidana@acad.pucrs.br; darlan.jurak@acad.pucrs.br; guilherme.heck@acad.pucrs.br; alvarodenegreiros@gmail.com; davihenriqueds@dca.ufrn.br; lmarcos@dca.ufrn.br; alexandre.amory@pucrs.br RI Goncalves, Luiz Marcos Garcia/C-3786-2009; Jorge, Vitor Augusto Machado/Z-1757-2019 OI Goncalves, Luiz Marcos Garcia/0000-0002-7735-5630; Jorge, Vitor/0000-0003-1620-852X; Guedes Maidana, Renan/0000-0002-9215-2102; Leitzke Granada, Roger/0000-0001-5908-9247; Alves Jurak, Darlan/0000-0002-5044-5695; de Morais Amory, Alexandre/0000-0001-8432-3162 FU CAPES/BrazilCAPES [88887.115590/2015-01, 88887.215325/2018-00]; Pro-Alertas program; CAPES/FAPERGSCAPESFoundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) FX This paper was partially funded by CAPES/Brazil, under project 88887.115590/2015-01 and 88887.215325/2018-00, Pro-Alertas program. It was also financed in part by the CAPES/FAPERGS. 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The main advantages of this simulator are the adequate simulation of a single spectrum of processes in the object for training - any real electric power system (EPS), as well as the real-time control of the equipment circuit-mode states in modes of the EPS operation. This is achieved by the HRTDTS development within the concept of hybrid simulation, which allows to surpass the modern widely-used simulators based purely on numerical simulation, which do not comprehensively reproduce processes in the EPS and limit the training of certain dispatchers skills. The dispatcher simulator structure and the developed specialized HRTDTS software are demonstrated. The developed dynamic dashboards for monitoring and operating, implementing the circuit-mode states visualization of the equipment or the EPS districts that correspond to specific objects for training, are presented. The special panels that display extended information about the processes in the EPS are also shown in the article. The comparison of simulation results with the data, obtained via RTDS, for the HRTDTS validation was carried out. The practical emergency scenario for the training of dispatching personnel, including the assignment of an emergency situation and the actions of dispatchers to eliminate it, was created for testing and demonstration of the HRTDTS capabilities. C1 [Suvorov, Aleksey; Gusev, Alexander; Ruban, Nikolay; Andreev, Mikhail; Askarov, Alisher; Stavitsky, Sergey] Tomsk Polytech Univ, Div Power & Elect Engn, Tomsk, Russia. RP Stavitsky, S (reprint author), Tomsk Polytech Univ, Div Power & Elect Engn, Tomsk, Russia. EM sas4@tpu.ru RI Askarov, Alisher/N-8759-2019 FU Russian Science Foundation under the governmental grant [18-79-10006] FX This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under the governmental grant. 18-79-10006 "Investigation the problem of processes calculations reliability in electric power systems with active-adaptive networks and distributed generation and development the methodology of their comprehensive validation". 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J. Emerg. Electr. Power Syst. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 20 IS 1 AR 20180165 DI 10.1515/ijeeps-2018-0165 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA HM1HW UT WOS:000459202200010 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cuthbertson, J Rodriguez-Llanes, JM Robertson, A Archer, F AF Cuthbertson, Joseph Rodriguez-Llanes, Jose M. Robertson, Andrew Archer, Frank TI Current and Emerging Disaster Risks Perceptions in Oceania: Key Stakeholders Recommendations for Disaster Management and Resilience Building SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE disaster risk; Oceania; emerging risk; health threat; resilience; non-traditional ID CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Identification and profiling of current and emerging disaster risks is essential to inform effective disaster risk management practice. Without clear evidence, readiness to accept future threats is low, resulting in decreased ability to detect and anticipate these new threats. A consequential decreased strategic planning for mitigation, adaptation or response results in a lowered resilience capacity. This study aimed to investigate threats to the health and well-being of societies associated with disaster impact in Oceania. The study used a mixed methods approach to profile current and emerging disaster risks in selected countries of Oceania, including small and larger islands. Quantitative analysis of the International Disaster Database (EM-DAT) provided historical background on disaster impact in Oceania from 2000 to 2018. The profile of recorded events was analyzed to describe the current burden of disasters in the Oceania region. A total of 30 key informant interviews with practitioners, policy managers or academics in disaster management in the Oceania region provided first-hand insights into their perceptions of current and emerging threats, and identified opportunities to enhance disaster risk management practice and resilience in Oceania. Qualitative methods were used to analyze these key informant interviews. Using thematic analysis, we identified emerging disaster risk evidence from the data and explored new pathways to support decision-making on resilience building and disaster management. We characterized perceptions of the nature and type of contemporary and emerging disaster risk with potential impacts in Oceania. The study findings captured not only traditional and contemporary risks, such as climate change, but also less obvious ones, such as plastic pollution, rising inequality, uncontrolled urbanization, and food and water insecurity, which were perceived as contributors to current and/or future crises, or as crises themselves. The findings provided insights into how to improve disaster management more effectively, mainly through bottom-up approaches and education to increase risk-ownership and community action, enhanced political will, good governance practices and support of a people-centric approach. C1 [Cuthbertson, Joseph; Archer, Frank] Accid Res Ctr, Disaster Resilience Initiat, Clayton, Vic, Australia. [Cuthbertson, Joseph; Archer, Frank] Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. [Rodriguez-Llanes, Jose M.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Robertson, Andrew] Western Australia Dept Hlth, East Perth, WA 6004, Australia. RP Cuthbertson, J (reprint author), Accid Res Ctr, Disaster Resilience Initiat, Clayton, Vic, Australia.; Cuthbertson, J (reprint author), Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. 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J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD FEB 1 PY 2019 VL 16 IS 3 AR 460 DI 10.3390/ijerph16030460 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HM0CQ UT WOS:000459113600166 PM 30764531 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Watson, KE Tippett, V Singleton, JA Nissen, LM AF Watson, Kaitlyn E. Tippett, Vivienne Singleton, Judith A. Nissen, Lisa M. TI Disaster Health Management: Do Pharmacists Fit in the Team? SO PREHOSPITAL AND DISASTER MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE disaster; disaster medicine; medication therapy management; pharmacists ID COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS; EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; HURRICANE KATRINA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ROLES; CHALLENGES; PREPAREDNESS; CRISIS; SYSTEM AB Background In addition to the traditional logistics role, pharmacists are undertaking important new roles in disasters. Despite this, little is known about the level of acceptance of these activities by other providers. Problem The aim of this study was to determine the international opinion of disaster and health professionals regarding the emerging roles of pharmacists in disasters. Methods Delegates at the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine's (WADEM; Madison, Wisconsin USA) 20(th) Congress in Toronto, Canada (April 2017) were invited to complete an anonymous survey posing eight questions regarding attitudes towards pharmacists' roles in disasters. Quantitative data were analyzed using IBM (IBM Corp.; Armonk, New York USA) SPSS statistical software version 23, and qualitative data were manually coded. Results Of the 222 surveys handed out, 126 surveys were completed yielding a 56.8% response rate. Of the respondents, 96.8% (122/126) believed pharmacists had a role in disasters additional to logistics. Out of 11 potential roles pharmacists could perform in a disaster, provided on a 5-point Likert scale, eight roles were given a rating of "Agree" or "Strongly Agree" by 72.4% or more of the participants. Lack of understanding of a pharmacist's roles and capabilities was the highest described barrier to pharmacists' roles in disaster management. Conclusions This multi-disciplinary disaster health "community" agreed pharmacists have roles in disasters in addition to the established role in supply chain logistics. Participants accepted that pharmacists could possibly undertake numerous clinical roles in a disaster. Several barriers were identified that may be preventing pharmacists from being further included in disaster health management planning and response. C1 [Watson, Kaitlyn E.; Tippett, Vivienne; Singleton, Judith A.; Nissen, Lisa M.] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 34 IS 1 BP 30 EP 37 DI 10.1017/S1049023X18001152 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HM1FN UT WOS:000459195300006 PM 30604658 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU de Almeida, MM von Schreeb, J AF de Almeida, Maria Moitinho von Schreeb, Johan TI Human Stampedes: An Updated Review of Current Literature SO PREHOSPITAL AND DISASTER MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE crowding; disaster; disaster planning ID MASS GATHERINGS; HEALTH-RISKS; CROWD; DISASTER; SAFETY AB Human stampedes are a major cause of mortality in mass gatherings, but they have received limited scientific attention. While the number of publications has increased, there is no recent review of new study results. This study compiles and reviews available literature on stampedes, their prevention, preparedness, and response. A search for peer-reviewed and grey literature in PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA), Google Scholar (Google Inc.; Mountain View, California USA), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters; New York, New York USA), the World Health Organization Library Database (WHOLIS; World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland), and ReliefWeb (UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; Geneva, Switzerland) was conducted, and papers were selected according to pre-defined eligibility criteria. Included items were read and results were compiled and summarized. A total of 64 publications were included, of which, 34 were published between 2013-2016. The most studied events were Germany's Love Parade stampede in 2010 (Duisburg, Germany; n = 6) and the United Kingdom (UK) Hillsborough Stadium stampede in 1989 (Sheffield, England; n = 4). Conflicting definitions of human stampedes were found. The common belief that they result from an irrational and panicking crowd has progressively been replaced by studies suggesting that successive systemic failures are main underlying causes. There is a lack of systematic reporting, making news reports often the only source available. Prevention measures are mainly related to crowd management and venue design, but their effectiveness has not been studied. Drills are recommended in the preparedness phase to improve coordination and communication. Delay in decisions, poor triage, or loss of medical records are common problems in the response, which may worsen the outcome. Stampedes are complex phenomenon that remain incompletely understood, hampering formulation of evidence-based strategies for their prevention and management. Documentation comes mostly from high-profile events and findings are difficult to extrapolate to other settings. More research from different disciplines is warranted to address these gaps in order to prevent and mitigate future events. A start would be to decide on a common definition of stampedes. C1 [de Almeida, Maria Moitinho; von Schreeb, Johan] Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hlth Syst & Policy, Stockholm, Sweden. [de Almeida, Maria Moitinho] Catholic Univ Louvain, Ctr Res Epidemiol Disasters, Brussels, Belgium. RP de Almeida, MM (reprint author), 30 Clos Chappelle Aux Champs Bte 30-15-1, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. EM maria.rodrigues@uclouvain.be OI Moitinho de Almeida, Maria/0000-0002-0668-8833 FU European Union (Brussels, Belgium)European Union (EU); Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (Stockholm, Sweden) FX The authors report no conflict of interest. Maria Moitinho de Almeida received a scholarship through the European Union (Brussels, Belgium) funded Erasmus Mundus Master Program in Public Health in Disasters. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 34 IS 1 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1017/S1049023X18001073 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HM1FN UT WOS:000459195300012 PM 30479244 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wolkin, AF Schnall, AH Nakata, NK Ellis, EM AF Wolkin, Amy F. Schnall, Amy H. Nakata, Nicole K. Ellis, Esther M. TI Getting the Message Out: Social Media and Word-of-Mouth as Effective Communication Methods during Emergencies SO PREHOSPITAL AND DISASTER MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE disaster preparedness; emergency response; risk communication AB Effective communication is a critical part of managing an emergency. During an emergency, the ways in which health agencies normally communicate warnings may not reach all of the intended audience. Not all communities are the same, and households within communities are diverse. Because different communities prefer different communication methods, community leaders and emergency planners need to know their communities' preferred methods for seeking information about an emergency. This descriptive report explores findings from previous community assessments that have collected information on communication preferences, including television (TV), social media, and word-of-mouth (WoM) delivery methods. Data were analyzed from 12 Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPERs) conducted from 2014-2017 that included questions regarding primary and trusted communication sources. A CASPER is a rapid needs assessment designed to gather household-based information from a community. In 75.0% of the CASPERs, households reported TV as their primary source of information for specific emergency events (range = 24.0%-83.1%). Households reporting social media as their primary source of information differed widely across CASPERs (3.2%-41.8%). In five of the CASPERs, nearly one-half of households reported WoM as their primary source of information. These CASPERs were conducted in response to a specific emergency (ie, chemical spill, harmful algal bloom, hurricane, and flood). The CASPERs conducted as part of a preparedness activity had lower percentages of households reporting WoM as their primary source of information (8.3%-10.4%). The findings in this report demonstrate the need for emergency plans to include hybrid communication models, combining traditional methods with newer technologies to reach the broadest audience. Although TV was the most commonly reported preferred source of information, segments of the population relied on social media and WoM messaging. By using multiple methods for risk communication, emergency planners are more likely to reach the whole community and engage vulnerable populations that might not have access to, trust in, or understanding of traditional news sources. Multiple communication channels that include user-generated content, such as social media and WoM, can increase the timeliness of messaging and provide community members with message confirmation from sources they trust encouraging them to take protective public health actions. C1 [Wolkin, Amy F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Preparedness & Response, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schnall, Amy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emergency Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci & Practice, Emergency Management Radiat & Chem Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nakata, Nicole K.] Dept Emergency Management, Honolulu, HI USA. [Ellis, Esther M.] US Virgin Isl Dept Hlth, St Thomas, VI USA. RP Wolkin, AF (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D44, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. 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A, 2014, FORBES Wolkin AF, 2019, PREHOSP DISASTER MED, V34, P89, DOI 10.1017/S1049023X1800119X NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1049-023X EI 1945-1938 J9 PREHOSP DISASTER MED JI Prehospital Disaster Med. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 34 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1017/S1049023X1800119X PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HM1FN UT WOS:000459195300013 PM 30585143 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU O'Grady, N AF O'Grady, Nathaniel TI Communication and the elemental: Capacities, force and excess in emergencyinformation sharing SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING D-SOCIETY & SPACE LA English DT Article DE Emergency; communication; elemental; atmosphere; infrastructure; governance ID EMERGENCY; RESILIENCE; GEOGRAPHY; SECURITY; MEDIA; LIFE AB Recently debates have emerged concerning how atmospheric objects referred to collectively as 'elemental' become entangled in the operation of communication infrastructure. The paper extends these debates through research into UK emergency responders' information sharing during emergencies. Harnessing textual analysis and an interview, the paper unpacks the protocols established to organise information sharing and explores how such protocols interweave an assemblage of technologies to share information as emergencies unfold. The evidence presented demonstrates different ways that the elemental forces physically constitutive of emergencies are incorporated into information sharing. However, it also details cases wherein these elemental forces disrupt the information sharing practices they otherwise enable and outlines the effects this disruption has on emergency response provision. Considering the case, I make three arguments to establish a distinctive approach for conceptualising the entanglement of the elements within information sharing. First, I extend understandings of the capacities that elements actualise to enable information sharing. 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Space PD FEB PY 2019 VL 37 IS 1 BP 158 EP 176 DI 10.1177/0263775818798033 PG 19 WC Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA HL6RO UT WOS:000458863300009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Guo, Y Ye, YQ Yang, QQ Yang, KW AF Guo, Yu Ye, Yanqing Yang, Qingqing Yang, Kewei TI A Multi-Objective INLP Model of Sustainable Resource Allocation for Long-Range Maritime Search and Rescue SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE SAR; sustainable resource allocation; emergency response; Integer nonlinear programming (INLP); NSGA-II AB Maritime search and rescue (SAR) operations play a crucial role in reducing fatalities and mitigating human suffering. Compared to short-range maritime SAR, long-range maritime SAR (LRMSAR) is more challenging due to the far distance from the shore, changeful weather, and less available resources. Such an operation put high requirements on decision makers to timely assign multiple resources, such as aircraft and vessels to deal with the emergency. However, most current researches pay attention to assign only one kind of resource, while practically, multiple resources are necessary for LRMSAR. Thus, a method is proposed to provide support for decision makers to allocate multiple resources in dealing with LRMSAR problem; to ensure the sustainable use of resources. First, by analyzing the factors involved in the whole process, we formulated the problem as a multi-objective optimization problem, the objective of which was to maximize both the probability of completing the tasks and the utilities of allocated resources. Based on the theory of search, an integer nonlinear programming (INLP) model was built for different tasks. Second, in order to solve the non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness (NP-hard) model, by constructing a rule base, candidate solutions can be found to improve the calculation efficiency. Furthermore, in order to obtain the optimal scheme, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was applied to the candidate solution sets to approximate Pareto fronts. Finally, an emergency case of Chinese Bohai Sea was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. In the study, 11 resource allocation schemes were obtained to respond to the emergency, and calculation processes of schemes were further analyzed to demonstrate our model's rationality. Results showed that the proposed models provide decision-makers with scientific decision support on different emergency tasks. C1 [Guo, Yu; Ye, Yanqing; Yang, Qingqing; Yang, Kewei] Natl Univ Def Technol, Coll Syst Engn, Changsha 410073, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Yang, QQ (reprint author), Natl Univ Def Technol, Coll Syst Engn, Changsha 410073, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM guoyunudt@163.com; yanqing.nudt@gmail.com; qingqingyang1015@163.com; kayyang27@163.com OI Ye, Yanqing/0000-0003-4244-5385 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1405005]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71690233, 71571185, 71671186] FX This paper was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No. 2017YFC1405005 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 71690233, No. 71571185, and No. 71671186. 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Shoaei, G. Zare, M. TI Application of fuzzy logic in the preparation of hazard maps of landslides triggered by the twin Ahar-Varzeghan earthquakes (2012) SO BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Seismic landslides; Fuzzy logic; distance parameter; Zonal parameters; Susceptibility map ID SUSCEPTIBILITY; SHALLOW; REGION; NORTH; GIS AB The twin Ahar-Varzeghan earthquakes (Mw = 6.4 and Mw 6.2, August 12, 2012) are among the most severe and destructive seismic events to have occurred in the northwest part of Iran in the last century. The main shock of this event was felt within a 300km radius in most of the northwest provinces of Iran, including West Azerbaijan, Ardebil, Gilan, Zanjan, Alborz, Hamedan, and Kurdistan, as well as in neighboring countries such as Republic of Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Turkey. The quake caused some large landslides, which led to remarkable economic losses in the region. Landslide susceptibility mapping is one of the useful tools that can be applied in disaster management and planning development activities in mountainous areas. In this research, a geographic information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria decision analysis model (fuzzy logic) is used to evaluate landslide susceptibility within the area stricken by the twin Ahar-Varzeghan earthquakes (2012). Thus, a rigorous field-based investigation was conducted during several days of fieldwork to prepare a database of landslides triggered in the earthquake-stricken area. The extended fieldwork was carried out to scrutinize the basic map of the slope instabilities plotted immediately after the earthquake. During the fieldwork, 47 fall and topple zones, nine soil slides, 13 rock slides, two areas of lateral spreading, and one rapid soil flow were detected. The ground strength class, slope angle, normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), distance from the rivers and roads, and shake intensity were selected as the input layers for fuzzy logic analysis in a GIS environment. Next, the performance of various fuzzy operators in landslide susceptibility mapping was empirically compared by applying fuzzy operators [intersection (AND), union (OR), algebraic sum (SUM), multiplication (PRODUCT)] and different fuzzy gamma values of fuzzy overlay. The results showed that the majority of the landslides fall in the high and very high susceptibility classes. We found that there is a satisfactory consistency between the landslide susceptibility map prepared using the fuzzy union (OR) operator and the landslide distribution map. C1 [Razifard, M.; Shoaei, G.] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Basic Sci, Dept Geol, Tehran 14115116, Iran. [Zare, M.] IIEES, Tehran, Iran. 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Eng. Geol. Environ. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 78 IS 1 BP 223 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s10064-018-1235-4 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HK8BO UT WOS:000458214600015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mijovic, V Tomasevic, N Janev, V Stanojevic, M Vranes, S AF Mijovic, Vuk Tomasevic, Nikola Janev, Valentina Stanojevic, Mladen Vranes, Sanja TI Emergency Management in Critical Infrastructures: A Complex-Event-Processing Paradigm SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Emergency management; event-driven decision support; complex event processing; emergency personnel training ID DECISION-SUPPORT; COLLABORATION; SYSTEM AB Critical infrastructures (CI) are difficult to handle due to their complexity, size and the number of stakeholders involved. During emergency situations (e.g. fire or terrorist attack), a CI operator in the control room is faced with a flood of information coming from different sensors and legacy monitoring systems. Since in these situations, time is critical and the operators are under a great deal of pressure, a holistic management of all the technical systems and actors involved is needed, reinforced by the Recommendation and Decision Support System (RDSS) that helps emergency managers to take correct and timely decisions. One way to provide an adequate RDSS support to the operator is proposed in this paper which is based on an intelligent, event driven layer that sits on top of the legacy CI monitoring system. Powered by the complex event processing capabilities and facility data model implemented in the form of CI ontology, this layer processes events originating from different sources, conducts the situation and risk assessment, and reacts accordingly, either automatically or via recommendations proposed to emergency personnel. To validate the proposed approach, an event-driven RDSS was deployed on an airport use case (Nikola Tesla airport in Belgrade), as one of the most complex CIs. C1 [Mijovic, Vuk; Tomasevic, Nikola; Janev, Valentina; Stanojevic, Mladen; Vranes, Sanja] Univ Belgrade, Mihajlo Pupin Inst, Volgina 15, Belgrade 11060, Serbia. RP Tomasevic, N (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Mihajlo Pupin Inst, Volgina 15, Belgrade 11060, Serbia. EM nikola.tomasevic@pupin.rs FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [242438, 809965]; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia [TR-32010] FX The research presented in this paper is financed by the European Union (FP7 EMILI project, Pr. No: 242438 and H2020 LAMBDA, Pr. No: 809965) and partly by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia (SOFIA project, Pr. No: TR-32010). 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Syst. Sci. Syst. Eng. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 28 IS 1 BP 37 EP 62 DI 10.1007/s11518-018-5393-5 PG 26 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA HK8RN UT WOS:000458257400002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Pan, FH Wang, YB Zhang, XX Huang, JS Jiang, YB Hu, XB Li, S AF Pan, Fanghui Wang, Youbao Zhang, Xinxi Huang, Junsheng Jiang, Yongbin Hu, Xiaobing Li, Sheng TI Comparison of pollution diffusion between river mouth inflow (RMI) and beach uniform inflow (BUI) in sudden water accident SO WATER AND ENVIRONMENT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE boundary shape; CFD model; concentration gradients; emergency response; pollution diffusion; sudden pollution accidents ID OIL; QUALITY; MODEL; MITIGATION; DISPERSION; SEDIMENT; DYNAMICS; TIME; CFD AB Recently high-frequency sudden pollution originated from an explosion of industrial plants, transportation accidents and oil spills was often continuously diffused into downstream water. In this paper, the features of pollution diffusion including the boundary shape, concentration gradients and covered area from the two typical sudden water accidents of river mouth inflow (RMI) and beach uniform inflow (BUI) were investigated and compared by utilizing computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model and lab-scale experiments. It was found that a circular boundary shape was formed when diffusion velocity was slower than threshold velocity of 0.0016 m/s, however, a long strip of boundary was replaced at the speed of more than 0.0016 m/s from RMI, using CFD simulation under lab-scale. The coincidence degree of diffusion over time in terms of covered area and boundary shape between CFD simulation and the lab-scale experiment was reached to 97.6-99.6% both in RMI and BUI. The result indicated that CFD was applied to simulate the pollution diffusion from the two patterns of sudden water accidents under full-scale. Results showed that a sharp peak was capable of appearing in mainstream and there was a ring current appearing in side wing from RMI. However, the mainstream with a gentle peak and the side wing with symmetrical diffusion were arising in BUI. In addition, a high concentration gradients and a clear concentration contours were both exhibited in RMI and BUI. The results may assist in offering emergency response to control sudden pollution diffusion, further supporting the scope of pollution hazard assessment and ecological remediation to recover pollution region. C1 [Pan, Fanghui; Wang, Youbao] Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Pan, Fanghui; Zhang, Xinxi; Jiang, Yongbin; Hu, Xiaobing] Anhui Univ Technol, Engn Res Ctr Biomembrane Water Purificat & Utiliz, Maanshan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Youbao] Anhui Prov Key Lab Conservat & Exploitat Biol Res, Wuhu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xinxi; Hu, Xiaobing; Li, Sheng] Anhui Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Maanshan, Peoples R China. [Huang, Junsheng; Jiang, Yongbin] Anhui Univ Technol, Dept Environm Engn, Maanshan, Peoples R China. [Li, Sheng] 4700 King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Water Desalinat & Reuse Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. RP Wang, YB (reprint author), Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM wyb74@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31070401]; College Natural Science Foundation of Major Project of Anhui, China; Foundation of Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui FX The author acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31070401), the College Natural Science Foundation of Major Project of Anhui, China, the Foundation of Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui. 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Due to the high interconnectedness and complex interactions within and between CPSs, disruptions are not isolated events, and can propagate with severe impacts both locally and remotely, and must be contained lest catastrophic and irreversible damages occur. Responding agents are often employed to tackle the disruptions, and the agents' effectiveness becomes a critical concern, which is addressed in this article. Although the phenomenon of disruption propagation in CPSs and complex networks is becoming better understood, the interactions between the responding agents and the disruption propagation have not yet been investigated and studied in detail. In this work, the Collaborative Response of Disruption Propagation (CRDP) model is introduced as a general approach to the network disruption propagation problem. The CRDP model captures the important components of the problem: The client network, the agent network, the disruptions, and their interactions. Three system awareness analytics and two novel online scheduling protocols have been developed based on the analysis of the interactions. The analytics and protocols seek to provide insights into the system's conditions, and guide the response agents and their management to contain and eliminate the disruption propagation. The CRDP model, together with its developed analytics and protocols, can be applied to different network types, different disruption scenarios, and different response mechanisms available due to the generality of the model. C1 [Nguyen, Win P. V.] Purdue Univ, PRISM Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Nguyen, WPV (reprint author), Purdue Univ, PRISM Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. 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Support Syst. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 117 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.dss.2018.11.005 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA HJ9GL UT WOS:000457506800001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Amos, C Petropoulos, GP Ferentinos, KP AF Amos, Craig Petropoulos, George P. Ferentinos, Konstantinos P. TI Determining the use of Sentinel-2A MSI for wildfire burning & severity detection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LANDSAT TM IMAGERY; BURNED AREA; FOREST-FIRE; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; VEGETATION COVER; SPECTRAL INDEXES; RED; LANDSCAPE; EMISSIONS; DYNAMICS AB Accurate, reliable, and timely burn severity maps are necessary for planning, managing and rehabilitation after wildfires. This study aimed at assessing the ability of the Sentinel-2A satellite to detect burnt areas and separate burning severity levels. It also attempted to measure the spectral separability of the different bands and derived indices commonly used to detect burnt areas. A short investigation into the associated environmental variables present in the burnt landscape was also performed to explore the presence of any correlation. As a case study, a wildfire occurred in the Sierra de Gata region of the province of Caceres in North-Eastern Spain was used. A range of spectral indices was computed, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR). The potential added value of the three new Red Edge bands that come with the Sentinel-2A MSI sensor was also used. The slope, aspect, fractional vegetation cover and terrain roughness were all derived to produce environmental variables. The burning severity was tested using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. European Environment Agency's CORINE land cover map was also used to produce the land cover types found in the burned area. The Copernicus Emergency Management Service have produced a grading map for the fire using 0.5 m resolution Pleiades imagery, that was used as reference. Results showed a variable degree of correlation between the burning severity and the tested herein spectral indices. The visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum was not well suited to discern burned from unburned land cover. The NBRb12 (short-wave infrared 2 - SWIR2) produced the best results for detecting burnt areas. SAM resulted in a 73% overall accuracy in thematic mapping. None of the environmental variables appeared to have a significant impact on the burning severity. All in all, our study result showed that Sentinel-2 MSI sensor can be used to discern burnt areas and burning severity. However, further studies in different regions using the same dataset types and methods should be implemented before generalizing the results of the current study. C1 [Amos, Craig; Petropoulos, George P.] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, Wales. [Petropoulos, George P.] NAGREF, Hellen Agr Org Demeter, Inst Ind & Forage Crops, Dept Soil & Water Resources, Larisa, Greece. [Ferentinos, Konstantinos P.] Hellen Agr Org Demeter, Inst Soil & Water Resources, Dept Agr Engn, Athens, Greece. RP Petropoulos, GP (reprint author), NAGREF, Hellen Agr Org Demeter, Inst Ind & Forage Crops, Dept Soil & Water Resources, Larisa, Greece. EM petropoulos.george@gmail.com RI Petropoulos, George P./N-5810-2019; Petropoulos, George P/F-2384-2013 OI Petropoulos, George P./0000-0003-1442-1423; Petropoulos, George P/0000-0003-1442-1423 FU NERC's Newton Fund RCUK project Towards a Fire Early Warning System for Indonesia (ToFEWSI); FP7-People project ENViSIon-EO [752094] FX GPP's contribution to this work was supported by NERC's Newton Fund RCUK project Towards a Fire Early Warning System for Indonesia (ToFEWSI) and the FP7-People project ENViSIon-EO (project reference number 752094). The author wishes to thank the funding bodies for the financial support provided. 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A key problem in urban search and rescue teams, considering the severe turbulence and complexity of the environments which are hit by a crisis, is the coordination between the team members. In order to solve this problem, an effective plan would be the provision of measures where human works with intelligent assistant agents to assign the tasks in any way. Dynamic tasks are identified by the human agent of the rescue team in the crisis environment and are characterized by spatial-temporal characteristics assigned to the appropriate rescue team by the intelligent assistant agents who apply intelligent decision-making techniques. The objective of this study is to propose a new approach for allocating spatial-temporal tasks in multi-agent systems through cellular learning automata as the decision-making technique. Results obtained here indicate that this proposed model can significantly improve the rescue time and space. Rescue teams could cover all critical areas by going through the minimum distance to make maximum use of time. C1 [Khani, Maryam] Macquarie Univ, Dept Comp, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Ahmadi, Ali] KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Tehran, Iran. [Hajary, Hajar] Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tehran, Iran. [Hajary, Hajar] Islamic Azad Univ, Res Branch, Tehran, Iran. RP Khani, M (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Comp, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1199 EP 1218 DI 10.1007/s00500-017-2839-5 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA HK4HC UT WOS:000457882400010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jiang, YT AF Jiang, Yuantao TI Research on road extraction of remote sensing image based on convolutional neural network SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Road extraction; Remote sensing image; Convolutional neural network; Training algorithm; Wavelet packet method ID NEWTON ALGORITHM AB Road is an important kind of basic geographic information. Road information extraction plays an important role in traffic management, urban planning, automatic vehicle navigation, and emergency management. With the development of remote sensing technology, the quality of high-resolution satellite images is improved and more easily obtained, which makes it possible to use remote sensing images to locate roads accurately. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to extract road information from remote sensing images. To solve this problem, a road extraction method based on convolutional neural network is proposed in this paper. Firstly, convolutional neural network is used to classify the high-resolution remote sensing images into two classes, which can distinguish the road from the non-road and extract the road information initially. Secondly, the convolutional neural network is optimized and improved from the training algorithm. Finally, because of the influence of natural scene factors such as house and tree shadow, the non-road noise still exists in the road results extracted by the optimized convolutional neural network method. Therefore, this paper uses wavelet packet method to filter these non-road noises, so as to accurately present the road information in remote sensing images. The simulation results show that the road information of remote sensing image can be preliminarily distinguished by convolutional neural network; the road information can be distinguished effectively by optimizing convolutional neural network; and the wavelet packet method can effectively remove noise interference. Therefore, the proposed road extraction method based on convolutional neural network has good road information extraction effect. C1 [Jiang, Yuantao] Shanghai Maritime Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, YT (reprint author), Shanghai Maritime Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China. EM ytjiang@shmtu.edu.cn FU Key Soft Science Project from the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China [18692106700] FX This work was supported by Key Soft Science Project from the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (No. 18692106700). CR Arifin M. 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Image Video Process. PD FEB 1 PY 2019 AR 31 DI 10.1186/s13640-019-0426-7 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA HJ9EG UT WOS:000457501000001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kantamaneni, K Gallagher, A Du, XP AF Kantamaneni, Komali Gallagher, Anthony Du, Xiaoping TI Assessing and mapping regional coastal vulnerability for port environments and coastal cities SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Physical coastal vulnerability index (PCVI); Vulnerability mapping; Geographic information systems (GIS); Estuarine environments; Port and coastal cities ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INDEX; HOTSPOTS; IMPACT; HAZARD AB Complex hazards associated with climate change are increasing the vulnerability of urban coastal areas around the globe. This was particularly evident in the UK during the winter of 2013-14 when many coastal areas and infrastructure suffered from unprecedented storms, flooding and erosion. Given the value and importance of urban environments, there is a real need to assess the vulnerability of towns and cities on the United Kingdom (UK) coastline on the basis of the latest projected climate scenarios. Accordingly, a modified Physical Coastal Vulnerability Index (PCVI) was developed in which beach width and coastal slope are considered the most critical physical parameters. The PCVI can be used to rank spatial coastal cells into four classes of vulnerability (from extremely low to high) and to map coastal vulnerability using GIS. As a case study, this approach was applied to the city of Southampton; one of the key port and trade cities in the UK, with results indicating that 38% of the city's coastline is highly vulnerable, and more than 50% moderately vulnerable. The work demonstrates that the methodological framework can be used as a planning tool for coastal management and, based on the availability of suitable data, can be adapted for estuarine or coastal and port environments without any geographical limits. Newly developed coastal vulnerability maps can be used by coastal engineers, managers and other decision makers to implement rigorous shoreline management planning as well as supporting risk, and disaster management policy and procedures. C1 [Kantamaneni, Komali; Gallagher, Anthony] Southampton Solent Univ, Maritime Technol & Environm Hub, Res & Innovat, Southampton SO14 0YN, Hants, England. [Du, Xiaoping] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr DFD, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. [Du, Xiaoping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth RADI, Key Lab Digital Earth, 9 Deng Zhuang South Rd, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. 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P, 2007, CLIMATE CHANGE, P315, DOI DOI 10.1017/CB09781107415379 Zsamboky M., 2011, IMPACTS CLIMATE CHAN NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1400-0350 EI 1874-7841 J9 J COAST CONSERV JI J. Coast. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 23 IS 1 BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s11852-018-0636-7 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA HJ7WG UT WOS:000457407400005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sinclair, LE Fortin, R AF Sinclair, Laurel E. Fortin, Richard TI Spatial deconvolution of aerial radiometric survey and its application to the fallout from a radiological dispersal device SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Aerial; Airborne; Mobile survey; Unfolding; Deconvolution; Inversion; MINUIT; MINOS ID RADIATION AB Mapping radioactive contamination using aerial survey measurements is an area under active investigation today. The radiometric aerial survey technique has been extensively applied following reactor accidents and also, would provide a key tool for response to a malicious radiological or nuclear incident. Methods exist to calibrate the aerial survey system for quantification of the concentration of natural radionuclides, which can provide guidance. However, these methods have anticipated a spatial distribution of the source which is large in comparison to the survey altitude. In rapid emergency-response aerial surveys of areas of safety concern, deposits of relatively small spatial extent may be expected. The activity of such spatially restricted hot spots is underestimated using the traditional methods. We present here a spatial deconvolution method which can recover some of the variation smoothed out by the averaging due to survey at altitude. We show that the method can recover the true spatial distribution of concentration of a synthetic source. We then apply the method to real aerial survey data collected following detonation of a radiological dispersal device. The findings and implications of the deconvolution are then discussed by reference to a groundbased truckborne survey over the same contamination. C1 [Sinclair, Laurel E.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Hazards Informat Serv, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Sinclair, Laurel E.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Sinclair, Laurel E.] Carleton Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Fortin, Richard] Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Sinclair, LE (reprint author), Govt Canada, Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Hazards Informat Serv, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM laurel.sinclair@canada.ca FU Defence Research and Development Canada's Chemical, Biological, Radiological-Nuclear and Explosives Research and Technology Initiative FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the leadership of the RDD field trials under L. Erhardt, and helpful comments on the analysis from H.C.J. Seywerd, P.R.B. Saull and F.A, Marshall. Funding for this project was provided through Defence Research and Development Canada's Chemical, Biological, Radiological-Nuclear and Explosives Research and Technology Initiative. This report is NRCan Contribution 20180112. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 197 BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.10.014 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HK1KE UT WOS:000457663000006 PM 30530038 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sun, SD Li, XP Li, H Shi, JS Fang, S AF Sun, Sida Li, Xinpeng Li, Hong Shi, Jiasong Fang, Sheng TI Site-specific (Multi-scenario) validation of ensemble Kalman filter-based source inversion through multi-direction wind tunnel experiments SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Source inversion; Ensemble Kalman filter; Wind tunnel experiment; Air dispersion model; Sensitivity analysis ID ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; DATA ASSIMILATION; NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS; DECISION-SUPPORT; SOURCE-TERM; MODEL; RADIONUCLIDES; EMISSION AB Source inversion uses air dispersion models and environmental measurements to determine the atmospheric radionuclide release rate, which is critical in formulating an emergency response to nuclear incidents. Because source inversion methods are vulnerable to multiple uncertainties, site-specific validations that consider multiple air dispersion scenarios are important in ensuring their correct implementation. To comprehensively evaluate the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for source inversion, a site-specific validation based on six wind tunnel experiments was performed for a highly heterogeneous nuclear power plant site in China. The six experiments cover the typical meteorology of the site and various topography types, providing abundant air dispersion scenarios for validation. The sensitivity of the EnKF to the initial guess, inflation factor, and position/number of measurements is also investigated. The results demonstrate that EnKF offers stable convergence and a reasonably bounded error in all experiments. Furthermore, the EnKF is insensitive to the initial guess, inflation factor, and number of measurements. However, it is sensitive to the position of the measurements and the air dispersion scenario. This sensitivity results from the complicated biases in air dispersion models, which highlight the key to improving the performance of EnKF. C1 [Sun, Sida; Li, Xinpeng; Li, Hong; Fang, Sheng] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Adv Reactor Engn & Safety, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Nucl Energy Technol, Inst Nucl & New Energy Technol,Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Shi, Jiasong] Res Inst Chem Def, Beijing 100000, Peoples R China. RP Fang, S (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Adv Reactor Engn & Safety, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Nucl Energy Technol, Inst Nucl & New Energy Technol,Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM fangsheng@tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundations of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [114751001, 11875037]; Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program [20151080400]; Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of the Ministry of Education [ARES201410] FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China [grant number 114751001, [grant number 11875037], the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program [grant number 20151080400] and the Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of the Ministry of Education [grant number ARES201410]. And we also thank the editors and reviewers, for their valuable comments, which substantially improve the quality of this paper. CR Astrup P., 2004, RISOR1466EN Bocquet M, 2012, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V138, P664, DOI 10.1002/qj.961 Chang J. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 197 BP 90 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.12.005 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HK1KE UT WOS:000457663000013 PM 30544023 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Qiu, HJ Cui, P Regmi, AD Hu, S Hao, JQ AF Qiu, Haijun Cui, Peng Regmi, Amar Deep Hu, Sheng Hao, Junqing TI Loess slide susceptibility assessment using frequency ratio model and artificial neural network SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY; DEBRIS-FLOW; LANTAU-ISLAND; AREA; TERRAIN; HAZARD; SCALE; GIS; PLATEAU; YENICE AB Landslide susceptibility assessment is essential for disaster management. The aim of this study is to select a reliable and accurate model for loess slide susceptibility assessment. We use a frequency ratio model and artificial neural network to develop loess slide susceptibility maps. We analysed the relationships between loess slide frequency and conditioning factors including elevation, slope gradient, aspect, profile curvature, thickness of loess, rainfall, topographic wetness index, valley depth, distance to rivers and land use. We developed a landslide inventory consisting of 223 loess slides by the interpretation of remote sensing images from earlier published or unpublished reports and from intensive field surveys. From these 223 loess slides, 178 (80%) were selected for training the models and the remaining 45 (20%) slides were used for validating the developed models. The validation was carried out by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. From the analysis, it is seen that both the frequency ratio model and artificial neural network performed equally well, although the frequency ratio method is much easier to apply. The loess slide susceptibility maps can be used for land use planning and risk mitigation in loess terrain. C1 [Qiu, Haijun] Northwest Univ, Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Environm Car, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Qiu, Haijun] Northwest Univ, Inst Earth Surface Syst & Hazards, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Qiu, Haijun; Hu, Sheng] Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Cui, Peng; Regmi, Amar Deep] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Hao, Junqing] Xian Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Business, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Qiu, HJ (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Environm Car, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Qiu, HJ (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Inst Earth Surface Syst & Hazards, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Qiu, HJ (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM 13991345616@163.com OI haijun, qiu/0000-0003-0263-0025 FU International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [131551KYSB20160002]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771539] FX This study was funded by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (131551KYSB20160002) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41771539). 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 52 IS 1 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1144/qjegh2017-056 PG 8 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HK0ED UT WOS:000457570500005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Goyal, N Dave, M Verma, AK AF Goyal, Nitin Dave, Mayank Verma, Anil Kumar TI Protocol Stack of Underwater Wireless Sensor Network: Classical Approaches and New Trends SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE UWSN; Applications; Open issues; Protocol stack; UWSN projects ID ENERGY-EFFICIENCY; ROUTING PROTOCOL; DATA AGGREGATION; COMMUNICATION; CHALLENGES; SCHEME; LOCALIZATION; RELIABILITY; DEPLOYMENT; FRAMEWORK AB The oceans and rivers remain the least explored frontiers on earth but due to frequent occurrences of disasters or calamities, the researchers have shown keen interest towards underwater monitoring. Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) envisioned as an aquatic medium for variety of applications like oceanographic data collection, disaster management or prevention, assisted navigation, attack protection, and pollution monitoring. Like terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), UWSN consists of sensor nodes that collect the information and pass it to sink, however researchers have to face many challenges in executing the network in aquatic medium. Some of these challenges are mobile sensor nodes, large propagation delays, limited link capacity, and multiple message receptions. In this manuscript, broad survey of issues concerning underwater sensor networks is presented. We provide an overview of test beds, routing protocols, experimental projects, simulation platforms, tools and analysis that are available with research fraternity. C1 [Goyal, Nitin; Dave, Mayank] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India. 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Pers. Commun. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 104 IS 3 BP 995 EP 1022 DI 10.1007/s11277-018-6064-z PG 28 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA HK4HU UT WOS:000457885000008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wong, ZSY Zhou, JQ Zhang, QP AF Wong, Zoie S. Y. Zhou, Jiaqi Zhang, Qingpeng TI Artificial Intelligence for infectious disease Big Data Analytics SO INFECTION DISEASE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Infectious diseases modelling; Emergency response; Artificial Intelligence; Machine learning ID HEALTH-CARE AB Background: Since the beginning of the 21st century, the amount of data obtained from public health surveillance has increased dramatically due to the advancement of information and communications technology and the data collection systems now in place. Methods: This paper aims to highlight the opportunities gained through the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to enable reliable disease-oriented monitoring and projection in this information age. Results and Conclusion: It is foreseeable that together with reliable data management platforms AI methods will enable analysis of massive infectious disease and surveillance data effectively to support government agencies, healthcare service providers, and medical professionals to response to disease in the future. (C) 2018 Australasian College for Infection Prevention and Control. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Zoie S. Y.] St Lukes Int Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. [Zhou, Jiaqi; Zhang, Qingpeng] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Syst Engn & Engn Management, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Wong, ZSY (reprint author), St Lukes Int Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. EM zoiesywong@gmail.com RI Zhang, Qingpeng/D-4682-2011 OI Zhang, Qingpeng/0000-0002-6819-0686; , zoie/0000-0003-4499-9779 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [18H03336]; Research Grants Council Theme-Based Research Scheme [T32-102/14N]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)National Natural Science Foundation of China [71402157, 71672163] FX This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (Grant number 18H03336), the Research Grants Council Theme-Based Research Scheme (Ref.: T32-102/14N) and The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Grant Nos. 71402157 and 71672163. 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While many researchers contend that decentralization creates institutional capacity building and disaster management regulation opportunities, few studies have measured or analyzed both decentralization and disaster management. We examined changes to the disaster management system and the opportunities and challenges arising following decentralization, as well as how vertical and horizontal relationships between government actors have changed in Indonesia. First, we found that decentralization had a positive effect on the implementation of disaster management with respect to regulation, institutional establishment, budgeting, and planning. Second, despite general improvements, challenges remain, including regulatory inconsistencies, a lack of funding and capacity for local institutional establishments, a lack of participation of experts, a strong dependence on the central government, and an increased corruption rate. Third, while a decentralized disaster management system framework has been established, the local government's capacity and the overall network remain limited, with national institutions playing a leading role. These findings suggest that empowering the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and strengthening the vertical and horizontal provincial/municipal networks of the BPBD would both enhance the disaster management system and allow local actors to play a more critical role in disaster management. C1 [Putra, Danang Insita] Yokohama Natl Univ, Fac Urban Innovat, Hodogaya Ku, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. [Matsuyuki, Mihoko] Yokohama Natl Univ, Inst Urban Innovat, Hodogaya Ku, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. RP Putra, DI (reprint author), Yokohama Natl Univ, Fac Urban Innovat, Hodogaya Ku, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 14 IS 1 BP 173 EP 187 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HJ6AW UT WOS:000457266300017 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mahmood, S Rahman, AU Sajjad, A AF Mahmood, Shakeel Rahman, Atta-ur Sajjad, Asif TI Assessment of 2010 flood disaster causes and damages in district Muzaffargarh, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Central Indus Plain; Flood; Causes; Damages; Breaching; GIS ID MANAGEMENT; PERCEPTION; RISKS; LIFE AB In this paper, we assessed 2010 flood-generating factors and extent of damages in one of the severely affected areas in the Central Indus Basin, Pakistan. This study is based on mixed research approach. Primary data were collected through a standard questionnaire using random sampling techniques, unstructured interviews, and field observations. Secondary data were acquired from concerned government departments. Descriptive statistical analysis and spatial analysis techniques were applied to explore 2010 flood disaster causes and damages. Analysis revealed that the flood was generated by the 4-day wet spell (27-30 July 2010) in headwaters zone of the Himalaya-Hindu Kush region, Pakistan. This rainstorm generated heavy discharge in the Indus River system. In several cases, river discharge exceeded the carrying capacity of dams and barrages, and as a consequence, many structures were damaged. In the study area, this heavy flow has left no choice for the flood dealing authorities, but to breach the left bank marginal embankment at RD 32-38 near Kot Addu. Overtopping of the flood on breached section has disrupted the entire area and incurred heavy losses to standing crops, livestock, and physical infrastructure. As a consequence, it has put heavy burden on local community and the country's economy. The analysis further indicated that the total estimated economic loss caused by this imposed inundation was about 2.54 million US$. Infrastructure was the leading sector with maximum estimated economic loss of l.65 million US$ followed by the agricultural sector. This study will bring the attention of disaster management authorities to devise flood-risk reduction plan and identify suitable locations to be breach in emergency situation. This will reduce risk of flood in downstream areas, physical damages, and economic losses. C1 [Mahmood, Shakeel] Govt Coll Univ, Dept Geog, Lahore, Pakistan. [Rahman, Atta-ur] Univ Peshawar, Dept Geog, Peshawar, Pakistan. [Sajjad, Asif] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Informat Engn Surveying Mapping & R, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Mahmood, S (reprint author), Govt Coll Univ, Dept Geog, Lahore, Pakistan. 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Earth Sci. PD FEB PY 2019 VL 78 IS 3 AR 63 DI 10.1007/s12665-019-8084-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA HI4LT UT WOS:000456422900004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lai, CH She, B Ye, XY AF Lai, Chih-Hui She, Bing Ye, Xinyue TI Unpacking the Network Processes and Outcomes of Online and Offline Humanitarian Collaboration SO COMMUNICATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE organizational collaboration; network analysis; disaster response; social media; voluntary sector ID P-ASTERISK MODELS; SOCIAL NETWORKS; DISASTER; PATTERNS; NGOS; TECHNOLOGIES; INFORMATION; CENTRALITY; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITY AB Employing a bona fide network perspective, this study investigates the network processes and outcomes of organizational collaborative networks before and following Typhoon Haiyan, taking into account the influences of network factors, organizational attributes, and environmental exigencies. The analysis from an online survey with relief organizations and those organizations' Twitter data showed the consistent influence of past relationships on the formation of subsequent relationships after the disaster. In the on-the-ground network, a few highly active organizations stood out and engaging in multiple modes of communication with resource contacts was seen as an adaptive practice that helped organizations to build resource ties after the typhoon. In the online domain, organizations developed post-typhoon networks by means of becoming directly linked to one another and becoming equally resourceful in building their ties. In addition, different forms of resilience were observed as outcomes of collaborative networks. Findings of this study present theoretical and practical implications by unveiling the network dynamics of contemporary humanitarian actions. C1 [Lai, Chih-Hui] Nanyang Technol Univ, Wee Kim Wee Sch Commun & Informat, 31 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637718, Singapore. [She, Bing] Univ Michigan, China Data Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ye, Xinyue] Kent State Univ, Dept Geog, Kent, OH 44242 USA. RP Lai, CH (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Wee Kim Wee Sch Commun & Informat, 31 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637718, Singapore. EM c.h.lai@ntu.edu.sg FU Nanyang Technological UniversityNanyang Technological University FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This project was partially supported through the first author's Start-Up Grant at Nanyang Technological University. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 46 IS 1 SI SI BP 88 EP 116 DI 10.1177/0093650215616862 PG 29 WC Communication SC Communication GA HH6LY UT WOS:000455844000004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Aljehani, M Inoue, M AF Aljehani, Maher Inoue, Masahiro TI Safe map generation after a disaster, assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle tracking system SO IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE UAVs; tracking system; disaster response; rescue missions; safe map AB This paper proposes a new method to build safe maps through disaster-stricken zones by taking advantage of different scenarios of tracking pedestrians and area scanning. Tracking is usually achieved by following the refugees' mobile devices. However, sometimes refugees do not hold mobiles to track them. To overcome this problem, we exploit the tracking systems of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which enable both image processing and mobile tracking depending on the scenario. UAV technology is a low-cost, flexible solution in missions that are difficult to execute by humans and other systems. After a disaster event, a safe map can be constructed from aerial imagery data of the moving pedestrians. Aerial data are also useful for evaluating damage in the stricken areas. The present study integrates UAVs into the Internet of Things, generating a pseudo scenario for the map generation. Experiments confirmed the usefulness of low-cost UAVs in tracking and scanning with and without smartphone tracking data. (c) 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 [Aljehani, Maher; Inoue, Masahiro] Shibaura Inst Technol, Minuma Ku, 307 Fukasaku, Saitama, Saitama 3378570, Japan. RP Aljehani, M (reprint author), Shibaura Inst Technol, Minuma Ku, 307 Fukasaku, Saitama, Saitama 3378570, Japan. EM nb16507@shibaura-it.ac.jp RI Aljehani, Maher/M-3672-2019 OI aljehani, maher/0000-0001-6451-6741 FU JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [15K00929] FX This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI, Grant Number 15K00929. 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Quantitatively analyzing resilience of transportation networks is a critical step toward developing reliable urban societies. Advanced technologies, namely GPS tracking systems, provide rich information about human mobility in urban areas and can be used to monitor traffic patterns. This study proposes a systematic quantitative approach, to develop transportation networks and quantify their topological features using taxi GPS traces. A process control is developed to statistically monitor the topological features of the transportation network through time. Such analysis can allow detection of unusual patterns due to an extreme event and to analyze resilience of the transportation network. This methodology is used to analyze resilience of the New York City transportation network against Hurricane Sandy in 2012. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 33 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.10.002 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HF8WQ UT WOS:000454523300014 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, N Chen, L Ma, YC Chen, A AF Chen, Ning Chen, Lu Ma, Yingchao Chen, An TI Regional disaster risk assessment of china based on self-organizing map: Clustering, visualization and ranking SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Regional disaster risk assessment; Self-organizing map; Multi-criteria decision making; Clustering; Visualization; Ranking ID NEURAL-NETWORK AB Regional disaster risk assessment is of practical value for disaster prevention and mitigation in emergency management. It remains an ongoing challenge due to the multiple criteria associated with the decision making problem. In this paper we propose a new multi-criteria decision making method to evaluate the natural disaster risk of China at the region scale. The evaluation index system is composed of 28 indicators reflecting the danger of natural disasters and the vulnerability of the affected body. The method involves a combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Isometric Feature Mapping (Isomap), and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to achieve the clustering, visualization, and ranking of Chinese regions. Compared with the traditional ranking methods in regional disaster risk assessment, the proposed method is able to recognize the similarity of regions, exploit the embedded clustering structures, visualize the high dimensional regional data, examine the influence of indicators, and rank the regions in terms of the disaster risk. It offers a comprehensive and visual way for policy makers or related organizations to understand the studied data from different perspectives and thus mitigate the disaster risk in the Chinese regions. C1 [Chen, Ning] Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Technol, Jiaozuo, Henan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Lu] Beijing Wuxi Univ, Sch Logist, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ma, Yingchao] Henan Polytech Univ, Safety & Emergency Management Res Ctr, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, Peoples R China. [Chen, An] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Sci & Dev, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chen, An] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ma, YC (reprint author), Henan Polytech Univ, Safety & Emergency Management Res Ctr, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, Peoples R China. EM nchen@hpu.edu.cn; chenlu4321@163.com; myc@hpu.edu.cn; change1970@163.com FU Beijing National Science Foundation [9182017]; President Youth Fund of Institutes of Sciences and Development, CAS [Y7X1151Q01]; Introduction of Talent Research Fund of Henan Polytechnic University [Y2017-1] FX This work was supported by national funds through the Beijing National Science Foundation (9182017), President Youth Fund of Institutes of Sciences and Development, CAS (Y7X1151Q01), and Introduction of Talent Research Fund of Henan Polytechnic University (Y2017-1). 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Despite the magnitude of the catastrophe and the mistaken tsunami warning, there were no reports of casualties. We conducted qualitative research over a six-month period consisting of: semi-structured interviews; observation; informal conversations; documentary and social media review; to explore the resilience capacities and resources that were activated in the community to cope with the disaster. Our findings show that community resilience played an important role during the response period, especially in the absence of external aid. Communities are not merely passive victims of disasters, they are active agents. Resilience capacities such as sense of community, local knowledge, social capital, organisation, cooperation, and trust contributed to the survival of the entire community during the first days after the disaster. The lessons from the El Morro community can be useful for improving emergency management and disaster response in small-scale communities. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 33 BP 376 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.10.024 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HF8WQ UT WOS:000454523300033 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kaku, K AF Kaku, Kazuya TI Satellite remote sensing for disaster management support: A holistic and staged approach based on case studies in Sentinel Asia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Review DE Satellite remote sensing; Disaster management support; Sentinel Asia; Case study; Web-GIS; APRSAF AB Satellite remote sensing is one of the primary support tools for disaster management. The Sentinel Asia (SA) initiative was established in 2006 as a collaboration between regional space agencies and disaster management agencies, applying space technology (including representative satellite remote sensing) and Web-GIS technology to assist in disaster management of the Asia-Pacific region. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) worked to establish the SA framework and determine the implementation plan as an SA secretariat. SA can be regarded as an empirical research project to study how satellite remote sensing can support disaster management, in collaboration with users. This paper derives requirements for applying satellite remote sensing to disaster management support via a holistic (including human factors) and staged approach based on case studies in SA. C1 [Kaku, Kazuya] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Satellite Applicat & Operat Ctr, Chiyoda Ku, 4-6 Kandasurugadai, Tokyo 1018008, Japan. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 33 BP 417 EP 432 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.09.015 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HF8WQ UT WOS:000454523300036 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mueller, S Sammonds, P Bhat, GM Pandita, S Suri, K Thusu, B Le Masson, V AF Mueller, Sonja Sammonds, Peter Bhat, Ghulam M. Pandita, Sundeep Suri, Kavita Thusu, Bindra Le Masson, Virginie TI Disaster scenario simulation of the 2010 cloudburst in Leh, Ladakh, India SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Article DE Scenario; Emergency response; Emergency management; Resilience; Vulnerability; Capacity ID FLASH FLOODS AB In August 2010, Leh district in the Ladakh region of north-western India experienced a disaster when a cloudburst generated debris flows, killed hundreds of people, destroyed houses, and damaged the hospital, communication infrastructure, the bus station, and vital roads. A simulation of the Leh cloudburst disaster analysed the disaster itself, disaster risk reduction plans in the region, gaps in existing response mechanisms and reducing hazard impacts in the future. The participant group comprised academic researchers and industry experts in natural hazards, social vulnerability, engineering, historical and social sciences, education, journalism, disaster management and disaster risk reduction. Many of the participants had extensive local knowledge of Ladakh or comparable neighbouring Himalayan regions. Following the disaster, Leh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC), produced a District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP), which addressed many of the gaps identified in the simulation. Most importantly, the document outlined a civil protection mechanism to respond to future hazardous events. This was utilised to assess future disaster response in the simulation scenario. From analysis of the scenario simulation, the role of the army was found to be key in minimizing the impact of the 2010 disaster, although in the future, the army may coordinate with the civil protection body as set out in the DDMP. Participants identified the lack of a local formalized civil protection plan as a major vulnerability, and the most vulnerable populations as the migrant communities. The group also discussed evidence of resilience among the population such as the role of monasteries and spirituality in psychological recovery and the impact of the initial local response. From broader discussion of the simulation scenario, it was possible to identify aspects of resilience for further study in a wider research project, such as identifying hazardous slopes from satellite mapping, informing the fieldwork program, designing social questionnaires to understand risk perception and formulating questions to guide focus-group discussions on community resilience. C1 [Mueller, Sonja; Sammonds, Peter] UCL, Inst Risk & Disaster Reduct, London, England. [Bhat, Ghulam M.; Pandita, Sundeep; Suri, Kavita; Thusu, Bindra] Univ Jammu, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India. [Thusu, Bindra] UCL, Dept Geol, London, England. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 33 BP 485 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.09.004 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HF8WQ UT WOS:000454523300041 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jamali, M Nejat, A Ghosh, S Jin, F Cao, GF AF Jamali, Mehdi Nejat, Ali Ghosh, Souparno Jin, Fang Cao, Guofeng TI Social media data and post-disaster recovery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Temporal-spatial patterns; Post-disaster recovery; Social media; Twitter ID NATURAL DISASTERS; HURRICANE KATRINA; PLACE ATTACHMENT; UNITED-STATES; TWITTER; ANALYTICS; HEALTH; IMPACT; EMERGENCIES; RESILIENCE AB This study introduces a multi-step methodology for analyzing social media data during the post-disaster recovery phase of Hurricane Sandy. Its outputs include identification of the people who experienced the disaster, estimates of their physical location, assessments of the topics they discussed post-disaster, analysis of the tract-level relationships between the topics people discussed and tract-level internal attributes, and a comparison of these outputs to those of people who did not experience the disaster. Faith-based, community, assets, and financial topics emerged as major topics of discussion within the context of the disaster experience. The differences between predictors of these topics compared to those of people who did not experience the disaster were investigated in depth, revealing considerable differences among vulnerable populations. The use of this methodology as a new Machine Learning Algorithm to analyze large volumes of social media data is advocated in the conclusion. C1 [Jamali, Mehdi] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Off 104, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Nejat, Ali] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Off 123, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Ghosh, Souparno] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Off 234,MATH, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Jin, Fang] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Box 43104, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cao, Guofeng] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, MS 1053, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Jamali, M (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Off 104, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM mehdi29j@gmail.com; ali.nejat@ttu.edu; souparno.ghosh@ttu.edu; fang.jin@ttu.edu; guofeng.cao@ttu.edu OI Cao, Guofeng/0000-0003-4827-1558 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1454650] FX This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation award #1454650, for which the authors express their appreciation. Publication of this paper does not necessarily indicate acceptance by the funding entities of its contents, either inferred or specifically expressed herein. 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PD FEB PY 2019 VL 44 BP 25 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.09.005 PG 13 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA HE7WY UT WOS:000453652800003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mendoza, M Poblete, B Valderrama, I AF Mendoza, Marcelo Poblete, Barbara Valderrama, Ignacio TI Nowcasting earthquake damages with Twitter SO EPJ DATA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Event damage assessment; Mercalli intensities ID EVENT DETECTION AB The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (Mercalli scale for short) is a qualitative measure used to express the perceived intensity of an earthquake in terms of damages. Accurate intensity reports are vital to estimate the type of emergency response required for a particular earthquake. In addition, Mercalli scale reports are needed to estimate the possible consequences of strong earthquakes in the future, based on the effects of previous events. Emergency offices and seismological agencies worldwide are in charge of producing Mercalli scale reports for each affected location after an earthquake. However, this task relies heavily on human observers in the affected locations, who are not always available or accurate. Consequently, Mercalli scale reports may take up to hours or even days to be published after an earthquake. We address this problem by proposing a method for early prediction of spatial Mercalli scale reports based on people's reactions to earthquakes in social networks. By tracking users' comments about real-time earthquakes, we create a collection of Mercalli scale point estimates at municipality (i.e., state subdivisions) level granularity. We introduce the concept of reinforced Mercalli support, which combines Mercalli scale point estimates with locally supported data (named local support'). We use this concept to provide Mercalli scale estimates for real-world events by providing smooth point estimates using a spatial smoother that incorporates the distribution of municipalities in each affected region. Our method is the first method based on social media that can provide spatial reports of damages in the Mercalli intensity scale. Experimental results show that our method is accurate and provides early spatial Mercalli reports 30 minutes after an earthquake. Furthermore, we show that our method performs well for earthquake spatial detection and maximum intensity prediction tasks. Our findings indicate that social media is a valuable source of spatial information for quickly estimating earthquake damages. C1 [Mendoza, Marcelo] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Informat, Santiago, Chile. [Poblete, Barbara; Valderrama, Ignacio] Univ Chile, Dept Comp Sci, Santiago, Chile. [Mendoza, Marcelo; Poblete, Barbara] Millennium Inst Foundat Res Data IMFD, Santiago, Chile. RP Mendoza, M (reprint author), Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Informat, Santiago, Chile.; Mendoza, M (reprint author), Millennium Inst Foundat Res Data IMFD, Santiago, Chile. EM marcelo.mendoza@usm.cl RI Poblete, Barbara/H-8450-2013; Mendoza, Marcelo/D-2312-2014 OI Mendoza, Marcelo/0000-0002-7969-6041 FU Millennium Institute for Foundational Research on Data; project BASALComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT PIA/BASAL [FB0821] FX MM and BP acknowledge funding support from the Millennium Institute for Foundational Research on Data. MM was partially funded by the project BASAL FB0821. The funder played no role in the design of this study. 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Proceedings: LNCS 10914, P247, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-91485-5_19 Mendoza M., 2010, P 1 WORKSH SOC MED A, V10, P71, DOI DOI 10.1145/1964858.1964869 MUKHERJEE T., 2015, P 2015 ANN S COMP DE, P137 Murakami A., 2012, P 21 INT C COMP WORL, P709, DOI DOI 10.1145/2187980.2188187 Palen L, 2016, SCIENCE, V353, P224, DOI 10.1126/science.aag2579 Poblete B, 2018, IEEE T MULTIMEDIA, V20, P2551, DOI 10.1109/TMM.2018.2855107 Rehman FU, 2017, P 1 ACM SIGSPATIAL W, P1 Ribeiro S, 2018, GEOINFORMATICA, V22, P563, DOI 10.1007/s10707-017-0296-z Robinson B., 2013, P 22 INT C WORLD WID, P999, DOI DOI 10.1145/2487788.2488101 Rosas E, 2016, J COMPUT SCI TECH-CH, V31, P326, DOI 10.1007/s11390-016-1630-x Sakaki T., 2010, P 19 INT C WORLD WID, P851, DOI [DOI 10.1145/1772690.1772777, 10.1145/1772690.1772777] Sakaki T, 2013, IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN, V25, P919, DOI 10.1109/TKDE.2012.29 Steinert-Threlkeld ZC, 2015, EPJ DATA SCI, V4, DOI 10.1140/epjds/s13688-015-0056-y Unankard S, 2015, WORLD WIDE WEB, V18, P1393, DOI 10.1007/s11280-014-0291-3 Vieweg S, 2010, CHI2010: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 28TH ANNUAL CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-4, P1079, DOI 10.1145/1753326.1753486 Yin J, 2015, PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (IJCAI), P4234, DOI 10.1109/MIS.2012.6 Zhang X, 2006, ICDE, P146 Zhou A, 2012, P 18 ACM SIGKDD INT, P1402 NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU SPRINGEROPEN PI LONDON PA CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2193-1127 J9 EPJ DATA SCI JI EPJ Data Sci. PD JAN 31 PY 2019 VL 8 AR 3 DI 10.1140/epjds/s13688-019-0181-0 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA HJ9DV UT WOS:000457499900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ahmed, N Sadhayo, IH Yousif, Z Naeem, N Parveen, S AF Ahmed, Nisar Sadhayo, Intesab Hussain Yousif, Zahid Naeem, Nadeem Parveen, Sajida TI Analysis and Detection of DDoS Attacks Targetting Virtualized Servers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND NETWORK SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Virtualization; DDoS; TCP SYN flood attack; UDP flood attack; Snort IDS AB In recent years, virtualization is a fast-growing technology and moving beyond the test and development and manufacture merging to high availability and disaster recovery in big data. Cloud Computing and grid computing solve the increasing computing and storage problems arising in the Internet Age with efficient use of resources, ease of management and efficient power consumption. Therefore, many platforms have become in demand such as VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V server and Xen Hypervisors. However, the virtualization is facing many security concerns among which Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is the major threat in this technological era. DDoS is an attempt of attacking in distributed fashion to make a server's resource unavailable to its legitimate users. It is one of the most severe attacks that threatens many popular Internet based services like e- commerce, e- banking, transportation, medicine and education etc. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of processor exhaustion due to DDoS attacks on virtual server and implement the Snort intrusion detection systems (IDS). The proposed strategy effectively detects DDoS attacks such as TCP SYN and UDP Flood attack based on the threshold limit in the specified time mechanism which gave better results than other state of the art solutions. DDoS attack is generated with the help of LOIC tool to check the processor exhaustion of virtual server at different packet rates and time durations. The experimental results have demonstrated that maximum peak packet rate of TCP SYN is 277143 and UDP DDoS is 168000 at which the server is totally halted. The generated attacks are detected in the form of logs in which source and destination addresses are represented along with port addresses. Furthermore, the Snort IDS tool detects the attack at the early stage. Moreover, it helps to minimize the effect of DDoS attack by alerting the network administrator which facilitates to diagnose the problem. 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J. Comput. Sci. Netw. Secur. PD JAN 30 PY 2019 VL 19 IS 1 BP 128 EP 133 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA HL3XM UT WOS:000458649400015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lourenco, RBR Figueiredo, GB Tornatore, M Mukherjee, B AF Lourenco, Rafael B. R. Figueiredo, Gustavo B. Tornatore, Massimo Mukherjee, Biswanath TI Data evacuation from data centers in disaster-affected regions through software-defined satellite networks SO COMPUTER NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Post-Disaster recovery; Satellite and terrestrial networks; Data evacuation; Software-Defined networks; Mega constellations; Traffic engineering ID BACKUP AB Large-scale disasters can severely disrupt Information Technology (IT) infrastructure, e.g., Data Centers. Earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other natural catastrophes may lead to such a scenario. Man-made threats, e.g., a High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), can also provoke such an aftermath. In the HEMP case, however, the aftermath might include damage even to non-terrestrial IT infrastructure, such as satellites. After any disaster, it is important that critical data located in the affected region be evacuated to secure locations where it can be useful for emergency operations, mission-critical activities, rescue and relief efforts, and society and businesses in general. To minimize the time it takes to perform this evacuation, we must use all available resources as efficiently as possible. This includes using the remaining satellites to connect the affected regions of the network to the unaffected ones. Utilizing the Software-Defined Network (SDN) paradigm applied to satellite networks, we propose an algorithm that can be executed by the SDN controller. This algorithm generates an evacuation plan for data located in possibly-isolated terrestrial systems, such as Data Centers, through the satellite network, towards final destinations in the main network. The evacuation plan is a transmission schedule that maximizes the amount of evacuated data. Considering the current industrial interest in mega satellite constellations, we compare how two constellations of 66 and 720 satellites perform in terms of amount of data evacuated. Our results show how the evacuation is affected by different satellite constellation configurations (i.e., buffers, inter-satellite link capacities, etc.). Since our approach allows for Traffic Engineering (TE) to be performed, we also demonstrate how it enables fair resource utilization among different affected infrastructures during data evacuation. Our illustrative examples also compare our method to an approach designed for Delay-Tolerant-Vehicle networks and show how our solution can evacuate up to 60% more data after a disaster. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lourenco, Rafael B. R.; Tornatore, Massimo; Mukherjee, Biswanath] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tornatore, Massimo] Politecn Milan, Milan, Italy. [Figueiredo, Gustavo B.] Univ Fed Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. RP Lourenco, RBR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rlourenco@ucdavis.edu; gustavo@dcc.ufba.br; tornator@polimi.it; bmukherjee@ucdavis.edu RI Figueiredo, Gustavo/F-1241-2014 OI Figueiredo, Gustavo/0000-0001-9756-378X FU CAPES FoundationCAPES [13220-13-6]; COST ActionEuropean Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) [CA15127]; Defense Threat Reduction AgencyUnited States Department of DefenseDefense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-14-1-0047] FX R. Lourenco was funded by CAPES Foundation (Proc. 13220-13-6). M. Tornatore acknowledges the research support from COST Action CA15127. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency grant HDTRA1-14-1-0047. We thank Dr. Paul Tandy of DTRA for many helpful discussions. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments which significantly improved the paper. 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PD JAN 15 PY 2019 VL 148 BP 88 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.comnet.2018.10.019 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HK9XB UT WOS:000458345100008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, S Roy, S Das Bit, S AF Bhattacharjee, Suman Roy, Siuli Das Bit, Sipra TI Post-disaster map builder: Crowdsensed digital pedestrian map construction of the disaster affected areas through smartphone based DTN SO COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Post-disaster communication; Delay tolerant networks; Pedestrian network; Pedestrian navigation services; Crowdsensing AB Constructing digital pedestrian maps of the disaster affected areas is a vital requirement for post-disaster relief operation. Digital maps help disaster management agencies in decision making and mobilizing the manpower and resources in the disaster affected areas. However, due to the intermittent connectivity after large scale natural disasters, the existing web based digital mapping systems remain inaccessible in the disaster affected areas. Moreover, the road networks in such areas change drastically because of disaster (for instance waterlogging due to flood, structural collapse or incidental destructions like a landslide). Hence, existing analog (paper based) route maps of such areas become obsolete. In this work, we propose Post-Disaster Map Builder, a crowdsenced digital pedestrian map construction system over smartphone based DTN. The proposed system generates digital pedestrian maps of the disaster affected areas using battery powered mobile handheld devices. Here, trajectory traces collected by the volunteers are periodically shared among the other volunteers of the disaster affected area through smartphone based DTN. Pedestrian maps of the disaster affected areas are gradually constructed in the mobile handheld devices of the volunteers by combining the collected traces over time. The proposed system is thoroughly evaluated through simulation and testbed implementation. The results reveal that our proposed system can automatically construct digital pedestrian maps of disaster affected areas with high accuracy at the cost of marginal delay. C1 [Bhattacharjee, Suman; Das Bit, Sipra] Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol, Sibpur, Howrah, India. [Roy, Siuli] Heritage Inst Technol, Kolkata, India. RP Bhattacharjee, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol, Sibpur, Howrah, India. EM sumanbhattacharjee@acm.org RI Bhattacharjee, Suman/T-4823-2019 OI Bhattacharjee, Suman/0000-0002-2867-2285; Das Bit, Sipra/0000-0002-7202-2976 FU Information Technology Research Academy (ITRA), Digital India Corporation, Government of India under, ITRA-Mobile grant [ITRA/15(58)/Mobile/DISARM/01/Rev/2015]; NGOs Doctors For You; Society for Promotion of Appropriate Development Efforts FX This work is supported by Information Technology Research Academy (ITRA), Digital India Corporation, Government of India under, ITRA-Mobile grant [ITRA/15(58)/Mobile/DISARM/01/Rev/2015]. We also acknowledge all support and cooperation rendered by two NGOs Doctors For You (http://doctorsforyou.org/) and Society for Promotion of Appropriate Development Efforts (http://www.spadeglobal.org/) that has been instrumental in this work. 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Commun. PD JAN 15 PY 2019 VL 134 BP 96 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.comcom.2018.11.010 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HK4RV UT WOS:000457951700009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Seba, A Nouali-Taboudjemat, N Badache, N Seba, H AF Seba, Abderazek Nouali-Taboudjemat, Nadia Badache, Nadjib Seba, Hamida TI A review on security challenges of wireless communications in disaster emergency response and crisis management situations SO JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Review DE Wireless communication; Emergency situations; Security; Crisis ID MESH NETWORKS; ISSUES AB In all disaster management mission areas such as prevention, protection, mitigation, response and recovery, the first pressing need is to establish a communication network for data collection, and especially for reliable real-time information exchange between emergency actors. Generally, when a crisis happens all the pre-existing communication networks are down and the different responders have heterogeneous equipment. Because of the hurry of the situation, a rapid deployment of a reliable, easily configurable, robust, inter-operable, low cost and secure network is needed. Wireless networks provide a promising communication infrastructure to all the situation tiers such as headquarter and rescue operators. The security considerations are vital due to the sensitive and real-time need for information exchange, in the spatial context of chaotic emergency and crisis situations. Numerous security threats can be found in the different wireless based communication architectures proposed for crisis management. In this paper, we study disaster management security needs and we present an overview of the communication architecture proposed for emergency situations. We also provide a security analysis of theses architectures and open issues to be tackled. 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PD JAN 15 PY 2019 VL 126 BP 150 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jnca.2018.11.010 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HI9HC UT WOS:000456764900011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Beek, K McFadden, A Dawson, A AF Beek, Kristen McFadden, Alison Dawson, Angela TI The role and scope of practice of midwives in humanitarian settings: a systematic review and content analysis SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Midwives; Task-shifting; Task-sharing; Humanitarian settings; Sexual and reproductive health; Disaster management cycle; Systematic review ID REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; WOMENS HEALTH; CARE SERVICES; REFUGEE CAMP; MIDWIFERY; AFGHANISTAN; COUNTRIES; LESSONS AB BackgroundMidwives have an essential role to play in preparing for and providing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in humanitarian settings due to their unique knowledge and skills, position as frontline providers and geographic and social proximity to the communities they serve. There are considerable gaps in the international guidance that defines the scope of practice of midwives in crises, particularly for the mitigation and preparedness, and recovery phases. We undertook a systematic review to provide further clarification of this scope of practice and insights to optimise midwifery performance. The review aimed to determine what SRH services midwives are involved in delivering across the emergency management cycle in humanitarian contexts, and how they are working with other professionals to deliver health care.MethodsFour electronic databases and the websites of 33 organisations were searched between January and March 2017. Papers were eligible for inclusion if they were published in English between 2007 and 2017 and reported primary research pertaining to the role of midwives in delivering and performing any component of sexual and/or reproductive health in humanitarian settings. Content analysis was used to map the study findings to the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for SRH across the three phases of the disaster management cycle and identify how midwives work with other members of the health care team.ResultsFourteen studies from ten countries were included. Twelve studies were undertaken in conflict settings, and two were conducted in the context of the aftermath of natural disasters. We found a paucity of evidence from the research literature that examines the activities and roles undertaken by midwives across the disaster management cycle. This lack of evidence was more apparent during the mitigation and preparedness, and recovery phases than the response phase of the disaster management cycle.ConclusionResearch-informed guidelines and strategies are required to better align the scope of practice of midwives with the objectives of multi-agency guidelines and agreements, as well as the activities of the MISP, to ensure that the potential of midwives can be acknowledged and optimised across the disaster management cycle. C1 [Beek, Kristen; Dawson, Angela] Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Hlth, Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [McFadden, Alison] Univ Dundee, Sch Nursing & Hlth Sci, Mother & Infant Res Unit, Dundee, Scotland. RP McFadden, A (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Sch Nursing & Hlth Sci, Mother & Infant Res Unit, Dundee, Scotland. EM a.m.mcfadden@dundee.ac.uk OI McFadden, Alison/0000-0002-5164-2025 FU University of Technology Sydney Key Technology Partnership grant FX This study was supported by a University of Technology Sydney Key Technology Partnership grant. The funding body had no role in the in the design of the study, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. 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Resour. Health PD JAN 14 PY 2019 VL 17 AR 5 DI 10.1186/s12960-018-0341-5 PG 16 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA HH3LW UT WOS:000455622100001 PM 30642335 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU de Vries, M Kenis, P Kraaij-Dirkzwager, M Ruitenberg, EJ Raab, J Timen, A AF de Vries, Marion Kenis, Patrick Kraaij-Dirkzwager, Marleen Ruitenberg, Elis Joost Raab, Jorg Timen, Aura TI Collaborative emergency preparedness and response to cross-institutional outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms: a scenario-based approach in two regions of the Netherlands SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Outbreak management; Outbreak response; Network analysis; Antimicrobial resistance; Multidrug-resistant organisms ID NETWORK GOVERNANCE; COORDINATION; MANAGEMENT AB BackgroundThe likelihood of large-scale outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is growing. MDRO outbreaks can affect a wide range of healthcare institutions. Control of such outbreaks requires structured collaboration between professionals from all involved healthcare institutions, but guidelines for cross-institutional procedures are, however, often missing. Literature indicates that such multi-actor collaboration is most promising when effective network brokers are present, and when the collaborative actors have clarity about the different roles and responsibilities in the outbreak response network, including collaborative structures and coordination roles. Studying these factors in an imaginary MDRO outbreak scenario, we gained insights into the expectations that health professionals in the Netherlands have in regard to the procedures required to best respond to any future cross-institutional MDRO outbreaks.MethodsFor exploration purpose, a focus group discussion with ten healthcare professionals was held. Subsequently, an online-survey was conducted among 56 healthcare professionals in two Dutch regions. The survey data was analysed using social network analyses (clique analysis and centrality analysis), which provided insights into the collaborative structures and potential brokers in the outbreak response networks. Additionally, respondents were asked which healthcare institutions and which professions they would prefer as coordinating actors in the collaborative network.ResultsOur results show a relatively high level of perceived clarity about the roles and responsibilities that healthcare professionals have during a joint outbreak response. The regional outbreak response networks which were studied appeared inclusive and integrated, with many overlapping groups of fully-connected healthcare actors. Social network analyses resulted in the identification of several central actors from different healthcare institutions with the potential to take on a brokerage role in the collaboration. Actors in the outbreak response networks also showed to prefer several healthcare professionals to take on the coordination roles.ConclusionExpected collaborative structures during an imaginary regional MDRO outbreak response are relatively dense and integrated. In regard to the coordination of an MDRO outbreak response, based on both the network analysis results and the preferred coordination roles, our findings support a governance structure with several healthcare institutions involved in responding to future cross-institutional MDRO outbreaks. C1 [de Vries, Marion; Timen, Aura] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Infect Dis Control, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [de Vries, Marion; Kraaij-Dirkzwager, Marleen] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Environm Safety & Secur, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Kenis, Patrick] Tilburg Univ, Tilburg Inst Governance, Tilburg, Netherlands. [Ruitenberg, Elis Joost; Timen, Aura] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Athena Inst Innovat & Transdisciplinary Res Hlth, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Raab, Jorg] Tilburg Univ, Dept Org Studies, Tilburg, Netherlands. RP de Vries, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Infect Dis Control, Bilthoven, Netherlands.; de Vries, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Environm Safety & Secur, Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM marion.de.vries@rivm.nl RI Kenis, Patrick/X-7866-2019 FU RIVM FX This research was fully funded by the RIVM. CR [Anonymous], 2014, LCI RICHTL BRMO [Anonymous], 2015, MEERJARENAGENDA ANTI [Anonymous], 2011, NAT GUID INF DIS THR [Anonymous], 2012, BIJZ RES MICR BRMO Z [Anonymous], 2018, WET MEDISCH WETENSCH [Anonymous], 2014, ANT RES GLOB REP SUR Bdeir F, 2014, J DECIS SYST, V23, P151, DOI 10.1080/12460125.2014.896122 Bdeir F, 2013, KNOWL MAN RES PRACT, V11, P241, DOI 10.1057/kmrp.2012.1 Birgand G, 2015, CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC, V21, P1067, DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.005 Brandes U, 2004, MATH VISUAL, P321 Bryson JM, 2015, PUBLIC ADMIN REV, V75, P647, DOI 10.1111/puar.12432 D'Amour D, 2008, BMC HEALTH SERV RES, V8, DOI 10.1186/1472-6963-8-188 Dautzenberg M. J., 2014, Eurosurveillance, V19, P20723 Groenendaal J., 2013, J HOMEL SECUR EMERG, V10, P113 Hanneman R. A., 2005, INTRO SOCIAL NETWORK Hossain L, 2010, DISASTERS, V34, P755, DOI [10.1111/j.1467-7717.2010.01168.x, 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2010.01168.x] Huizer YL, 2015, HEALTH POLICY, V119, P66, DOI 10.1016/j.healthpol.2014.10.004 Isken LD, 2008, EINDRAPPORT EVALUATI Joustra T, 2012, SALMONELLA GEROOKTE Kapucu N, 2006, AM REV PUBLIC ADM, V36, P207, DOI 10.1177/0275074005280605 Koliba CJ, 2011, PUBLIC ADMIN REV, V71, P210, DOI 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02332.x Loo VG, 2005, NEW ENGL J MED, V353, P2442, DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa051639 Marcum CS, 2012, POLICY STUD J, V40, P516, DOI 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2012.00463.x Mohammadfam I, 2015, ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK, V14, P329, DOI 10.1080/17477891.2015.1080654 Mohammadfam I, 2015, SAF HEALTH WORK, V6, P30, DOI 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.09.004 Mollers M, 2017, EMERG INFECT DIS, V23, P1574, DOI 10.3201/eid2309.161710 Moynihan DP, 2009, J PUBL ADM RES THEOR, V19, P895, DOI 10.1093/jopart/mun033 Provan KG, 2008, J PUBL ADM RES THEOR, V18, P229, DOI 10.1093/jopart/mum015 Provan KG, 1998, ACAD MANAGE J, V41, P453, DOI 10.2307/257084 Swaan CM, 2018, J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN, V24, P18, DOI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000573 Timen A, 2010, OUTBREAK MANAGEMENT van Dijk J, 2010, VERWERPING VERHEFFIN Weick KE, 2005, UND COM SYS, P51, DOI 10.1007/10948637_5 Wimelius ME, 2015, J CONTING CRISIS MAN, V23, P129, DOI 10.1111/1468-5973.12048 Wittmann S, 2015, J HOMEL SECUR EMERG, V12, P529, DOI 10.1515/jhsem-2014-0078 Working Group Infection Prevention (WIP), 2014, BIJZ RES MICR BRMO V NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU BMC PI LONDON PA CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JAN 11 PY 2019 VL 19 AR 52 DI 10.1186/s12889-018-6376-7 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HH1OM UT WOS:000455489500001 PM 30634960 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rao, LL McNaughton, M AF Rao, Lila McNaughton, Maurice TI A knowledge broker for collaboration and sharing for SIDS: the case of comprehensive disaster management in the Caribbean* SO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Knowledge sharing; knowledge management systems; vocabularies; Small Island Developing States (SIDS) ID DESIGN SCIENCE RESEARCH; ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES; INFORMATION; TECHNOLOGY; ONTOLOGY; SYSTEMS; ACCESS; ICT; FRAMEWORK; WEB AB Knowledge sharing can be hindered by barriers that prevent the free flow of information, especially across organizational and other boundaries. Therefore information produced at one location might not be available to entities elsewhere even if there are benefits to sharing this information. This can often lead to 'reinventing the wheel' and wasted investments in duplicating resources and ultimately will lead to the development of knowledge silos. Information technologies can be used to address this problem as they provide opportunities to lower the barriers to knowledge sharing and increase collaboration. This need for knowledge sharing and collaborative technologies can be important for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) within particular regions that are exposed to similar environmental and economic issues that can hinder their development. Although each SIDS may have Knowledge Resources that it uses to address its own issues, there would be benefits to collaborating and sharing these resources to collectively tackle these regional issues. Even when there is a willingness to share and collaborate and entities have been established to foster this collaboration, there is a void in the availability of tools and technologies needed to support collaboration and sharing of resources. This paper describes the research that has been done to help fill this void by designing and developing a technological solution, a Knowledge Broker, for the identification and sharing of Knowledge Resources that may be spread across various locations (e.g. countries). The Design Science Research methodology was used to develop the Knowledge Broker architecture, which provides a single point of access to the knowledge resources within a particular domain. A critical component of this Knowledge Broker is a common, online interactive vocabulary of the domain of interest which provides the terms which are used to describe and search for the knowledge resources available. The Knowledge Broker was evaluated using informed arguments and an illustrative scenario in the Comprehensive Disaster Management domain in the Caribbean region. The initial evaluations that have been reported in this paper indicates that the Knowledge Broker has the potential to increase the efficiency of solving regional issues through the sharing of knowledge resources. C1 [Rao, Lila; McNaughton, Maurice] Univ West Indies, Mona Sch Business & Management, Mona, Jamaica. RP Rao, LL (reprint author), Univ West Indies, Mona Sch Business & Management, Mona, Jamaica. EM lila.rao@uwimona.edu.jm FU Open & Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDNet) research project - Canada's International Development Research Centre; UK Government's Department for International Development FX The funding for this work has been provided through the Open & Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDNet) research project, supported by Canada's International Development Research Centre and the UK Government's Department for International Development. Find out more at www.ocsdnet.org. CR Alani H., 2003, P KNOWL CAPT K CAP 0 Alavi M, 2001, MIS QUART, V25, P107, DOI 10.2307/3250961 Alavi M., 1999, COMMUNICATIONS AIS, V1, P2 Altay N, 2006, EUR J OPER RES, V175, P475, DOI 10.1016/j.ejor.2005.05.016 Andoh-Baidoo F, 2014, INFORM TECHNOL DEV, V20, P140, DOI 10.1080/02681102.2013.832127 Avgerou C, 2010, INF TECHNOL INT DEV, V6, P1 Banuri T., 2010, TRENDS SUSTAINABLE D Berners-Lee T, 2001, SCI AM, V284, P34, DOI 10.1038/scientificamerican0501-34 Bimba AT, 2016, INT J INFORM MANAGE, V36, P857, DOI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.05.022 Boonmee C, 2017, INT J DISAST RISK RE, V24, P485, DOI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.01.017 BRIGUGLIO L, 1995, WORLD DEV, V23, P1615, DOI 10.1016/0305-750X(95)00065-K Charband Y, 2016, INFORM SYST FRONT, V18, P1131, DOI 10.1007/s10796-016-9628-z Choi N, 2006, SIGMOD RECORD, V35, P34 Crossley M, 2014, INT J EDUC DEV, V35, P86, DOI 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2013.03.002 d'Aquin M., 2009, EUR SEM WEB C HER GR Dalkir K., 2005, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT Davenport TH, 1998, SLOAN MANAGE REV, V39, P43 De Roure D., 2008, IEEE 4 INT C ESCIENC Fecher B., 2014, OPENING SCI, P17, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-00026-8_2 Feilmayr C, 2016, DATA KNOWL ENG, V101, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.datak.2015.11.003 Fernandez-Breis JT, 2000, EXPERT SYST APPL, V18, P315, DOI 10.1016/S0957-4174(00)00013-0 Fluit C., 2004, HDB ONTOLOGIES, P415 Ghina Fathimath, 2003, Environment Development and Sustainability, V5, P139, DOI 10.1023/A:1025300804112 Gregor S, 2013, MIS QUART, V37, P337, DOI 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.2.01 Gruber TR, 1995, INT J HUM-COMPUT ST, V43, P907, DOI 10.1006/ijhc.1995.1081 Hendriks P., 1999, KNOWLEDGE PROCESS MA, V6, P91, DOI DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1441(199906)6:2<91::AID-KPM54>3.0.CO;2-M Hevner AR, 2004, MIS QUART, V28, P75 Inan DI, 2017, PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI, V124, P116, DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2017.12.137 Laguerre MS, 2013, INFORM TECHNOL DEV, V19, P100, DOI 10.1080/02681102.2012.690170 Lashley B., 2000, CONTROLLED VOCABULAR Liao SH, 2003, EXPERT SYST APPL, V25, P155, DOI 10.1016/S0957-4174(03)00043-5 Lindsey K. 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Technol. Dev. PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 25 IS 1 SI SI BP 26 EP 48 DI 10.1080/02681102.2018.1510363 PG 23 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA HQ0OJ UT WOS:000462094300003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Iyanda, AE AF Iyanda, Ayodeji E. TI Geographic analysis of road accident severity index in Nigeria SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INJURY CONTROL AND SAFETY PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Road accident; severity index; spatial analysis; GIS; Nigeria ID TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; INJURIES; CRASHES; TRENDS AB Before 2030, deaths from road traffic accidents (RTAs) will surpass cerebrovascular disease, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. Yet, there is little knowledge on the geographic distribution of RTA severity in Nigeria. Accident Severity Index is the proportion of deaths that result from a road accident. This study analysed the geographic pattern of RTA severity based on the data retrieved from Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC). The study predicted a two-year data from a historic road accident data using exponential smoothing technique. To determine spatial autocorrelation, global and local indicators of spatial association were implemented in a geographic information system. Results show significant clusters of high RTA severity among states in the northeast and the northwest of Nigeria. Hence, the findings are discussed from two perspectives: Road traffic law compliance and poor emergency response. Conclusion, the severity of RTA is high in the northern states of Nigeria, hence, RTA remains a public health concern. C1 [Iyanda, Ayodeji E.] Texas State Univ, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Iyanda, AE (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. 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J. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 26 IS 1 BP 72 EP 81 DI 10.1080/17457300.2018.1476387 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HP4GO UT WOS:000461634600012 PM 29806779 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chini, M Pelich, R Pulvirenti, L Pierdicca, N Hostache, R Matgen, P AF Chini, Marco Pelich, Ramona Pulvirenti, Luca Pierdicca, Nazzareno Hostache, Renaud Matgen, Patrick TI Sentinel-1 InSAR Coherence to Detect Floodwater in Urban Areas: Houston and Hurricane Harvey as A Test Case SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE SAR; floodwater mapping; InSAR coherence; urban areas; Sentinel-1 ID FLOODED VEGETATION; SAR DATA; DECORRELATION; INUNDATION; MODEL AB This paper presents an automatic algorithm for mapping floods. Its main characteristic is that it can detect not only inundated bare soils, but also floodwater in urban areas. The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations of the flood that hit the city of Houston (Texas) following the landfall of Hurricane Harvey in 2017 are used to apply and validate the algorithm. The latter consists of a two-step approach that first uses the SAR data to identify buildings and then takes advantage of the Interferometric SAR coherence feature to detect the presence of floodwater in urbanized areas. The preliminary detection of buildings is a pre-requisite for focusing the analysis on the most risk-prone areas. Data provided by the Sentinel-1 mission acquired in both Strip Map and Interferometric Wide Swath modes were used, with a geometric resolution of 5 m and 20 m, respectively. Furthermore, the coherence-based algorithm takes full advantage of the Sentinel-1 mission's six-day repeat cycle, thereby providing an unprecedented possibility to develop an automatic, high-frequency algorithm for detecting floodwater in urban areas. The results for the Houston case study have been qualitatively evaluated through very-high-resolution optical images acquired almost simultaneously with SAR, crowdsourcing points derived by photointerpretation from Digital Globe and Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) inundation model over the area. For the first time the comparison with independent data shows that the proposed approach can map flooded urban areas with high accuracy using SAR data from the Sentinel-1 satellite mission. C1 [Chini, Marco; Pelich, Ramona; Hostache, Renaud; Matgen, Patrick] Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol, Environm Res & Innovat Dept ERIN, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg. [Pulvirenti, Luca] CIMA Res Fdn, I-17100 Savona, Italy. [Pierdicca, Nazzareno] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Informat Engn Elect & Telecommun DIET, I-00184 Rome, Italy. RP Chini, M (reprint author), Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol, Environm Res & Innovat Dept ERIN, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg. EM marco.chini@list.lu; ramona.pelich@list.lu; luca.pulvirenti@cimafoundation.org; nazzareno.pierdicca@uniroma1.it; renaud.hostache@list.lu; patrick.matgen@list.lu OI Chini, Marco/0000-0002-9094-0367; Hostache, Renaud/0000-0002-8109-6010 FU National Research Fund of Luxembourg (FNR) through the MOSQUITO project [C15/SR/10380137] FX This research was funded by the National Research Fund of Luxembourg (FNR) through the MOSQUITO project, grant number C15/SR/10380137. 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Shahinoor Di, Liping Yu, Eugene Lin, Li Zhang, Chen Tang, Junmei TI Rapid Flood Progress Monitoring in Cropland with NASA SMAP SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE flood; soil moisture; SMAP; remote sensing; cropland ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SOIL-WATER; RISK; US; SENTINEL-1; SURFACE; LIFE AB Research in different agricultural sectors, including in crop loss estimation during flood and yield estimation, substantially rely on inundation information. Spaceborne remote sensing has widely been used in the mapping and monitoring of floods. However, the inability of optical remote sensing to cloud penetration and the scarcity of fine temporal resolution SAR data hinder the application of flood mapping in many cases. Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) level 4 products, which are model-driven soil moisture data derived from SMAP observations and are available at 3-h intervals, can offer an intermediate but effective solution. This study maps flood progress in croplands by incorporating SMAP surface soil moisture, soil physical properties, and national floodplain information. Soil moisture above the effective soil porosity is a direct indication of soil saturation. Soil moisture also increases considerably during a flood event. Therefore, this approach took into account three conditions to map the flooded pixels: a minimum of 0.05 m(3)m(3) increment in soil moisture from pre-flood to post-flood condition, soil moisture above the effective soil porosity, and the holding of saturation condition for the 72 consecutive hours. Results indicated that the SMAP-derived maps were able to successfully map most of the flooded areas in the reference maps in the majority of the cases, though with some degree of overestimation (due to the coarse spatial resolution of SMAP). Finally, the inundated croplands are extracted from saturated areas by Spatial Hazard Zone areas (SHFA) of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and cropland data layer (CDL). The flood maps extracted from SMAP data are validated with FEMA-declared affected counties as well as with flood maps from other sources. C1 [Rahman, Md. Shahinoor; Di, Liping; Yu, Eugene; Lin, Li; Zhang, Chen; Tang, Junmei] George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Di, LP (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM mrahma25@gmu.edu; ldi@gmu.edu; gyu@gmu.edu; llin2@gmu.edu; czhang11@gmu.edu; jtang8@gmu.edu FU NASA Applied Science Program [NNX14AP91G]; NSF INFEWS program [CNS-1739705] FX This research was funded by grants from NASA Applied Science Program (Grant #NNX14AP91G, PI: Prof. Liping Di) and NSF INFEWS program (Grant #CNS-1739705, PI: Prof. Liping Di). 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PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 2 AR 191 DI 10.3390/rs11020191 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HK4OS UT WOS:000457939400086 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yuan, F Zhang, LM Soe, KMW Ren, LL Zhao, CX Zhu, YH Jiang, SH Liu, Y AF Yuan, Fei Zhang, Limin Soe, Khin Min Wun Ren, Liliang Zhao, Chongxu Zhu, Yonghua Jiang, Shanhu Liu, Yi TI Applications of TRMM- and GPM-Era Multiple-Satellite Precipitation Products for Flood Simulations at Sub-Daily Scales in a Sparsely Gauged Watershed in Myanmar SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE TRMM; GPM; TMPA; IMERG; GSMaP; satellite precipitation; hydrological modeling ID INTEGRATED MULTISATELLITE RETRIEVALS; COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION; RAINFALL PRODUCTS; HYDROLOGICAL EVALUATION; ANALYSIS TMPA; DAY-1 IMERG; MODEL; BASIN; PERFORMANCE; REGRESSION AB Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and its successor, Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), have provided hydrologists with important precipitation data sources for hydrological applications in sparsely gauged or ungauged basins. This study proposes a framework for statistical and hydrological assessment of the TRMM-and GPM-era satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) in both near-and post-real-time versions at sub-daily temporal scales in a poorly gauged watershed in Myanmar. It evaluates six of the latest GPM-era SPPs: Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) "Early", "Late", and "Final" run SPPs (IMERG-E, IMERG-L, and IMERG-F, respectively), and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) near-real-time (GSMaP-NRT), standard version (GSMaP-MVK), and standard version with gauge-adjustment (GSMaP-GAUGE) SPPs, and two TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis SPPs (3B42RT and 3B42V7). Statistical assessment at grid and basin scales shows that 3B42RT generally presents higher quality, followed by IMERG-F and 3B42V7. IMERG-E, IMERG-L, GSMaP-NRT, GSMaP-MVK, and GSMaP-GAUGE largely underestimate total precipitation, and the three GSMaP SPPs have the lowest accuracy. Given that 3B42RT demonstrates the best quality among the evaluated four near-real-time SPPs, 3B42RT obtains satisfactory hydrological performance in 3-hourly flood simulation, with a Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) of 0.868, and it is comparable with the rain-gauge-based precipitation data (NSE = 0.895). In terms of post-real-time SPPs, IMERG-F and 3B42V7 demonstrate acceptable hydrological utility, and IMERG-F (NSE = 0.840) slightly outperforms 3B42V7 (NSE = 0.828). This study found that IMERG-F demonstrates comparable or even slightly better accuracy in statistical and hydrological evaluations in comparison with its predecessor, 3B42V7, indicating that GPM-era IMERG-F is the reliable replacement for TRMM-era 3B42V7 in the study area. The GPM scientific community still needs to further refine precipitation retrieving algorithms and improve the accuracy of SPPs, particularly IMERG-E, IMERG-L, and GSMaP SPPs, because ungauged basins urgently require accurate and timely precipitation data for flood control and disaster mitigation. C1 [Yuan, Fei; Zhang, Limin; Soe, Khin Min Wun; Ren, Liliang; Zhao, Chongxu; Zhu, Yonghua; Jiang, Shanhu; Liu, Yi] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Soe, Khin Min Wun] Minist Transport & Commun, Off 5, Dept Meteorol & Hydrol, Naypyitaw 15011, Myanmar. RP Yuan, F (reprint author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM fyuan@hhu.edu.cn; lmzhang9408@163.com; minwunsoe@gmail.com; rll@hhu.edu.cn; zhaochongxu@hhu.edu.cn; zhuyonghua@hhu.edu.cn; hik0216@163.com; liuyihhdx@126.com OI Yuan, Fei/0000-0003-3867-2139 FU National Key Research and Development Program [2016YFA0601500]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51779070, 41730750, 51579066]; Natural Science Fundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20150815]; 111 Project from the Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, P. R. China [B08048]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2019B10314] FX This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2016YFA0601500) approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China; the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51779070, 41730750, and 51579066); the Natural Science Fundation of Jiangsu Province (Grand No. BK20150815), the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, P. R. China (Grant No. B08048); and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grand No. 2019B10314). 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PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 2 AR 140 DI 10.3390/rs11020140 PG 31 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HK4OS UT WOS:000457939400037 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hunt, ML Jones, MS Secula, D AF Hunt, Matthew L. Jones, M. Susan Secula, Dixi TI Are Kentucky Farmers Prepared for Farm-Related Emergencies? SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Kentucky Farmers; Emergency Preparedness; Agricultural Leaders ID HEALTH AB Objectives: Farming is a hazardous occupation with a high incidence of fatal and non-fatal injuries. Little is known about the preparedness of Kentucky farmers to respond to farm emergencies. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, preparation, and concerns of Kentucky farmers relative to being prepared to take appropriate action in the event of a farm emergency. Methods: For this descriptive study, a 36-item questionnaire was used to assess the farmer's education and training, access to supplies/equipment to deal with farm emergencies, and their concern regarding emergency preparedness. Data were collected from a sample of 115 farmers attending an agricultural related conference or meeting in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Results: A majority of the farmers reported: 1) limited CPR/first aid training, 2) minimal access to first aid kits/fire extinguishers on the farm, and 3) concern that EMS could not locate their farms. A large majority of the farmers reported use of a smartphone with a GPS locator; however, some farms were reported to be without cell service. The farmers were interested in attending training on emergency preparedness if training sessions were scheduled at a convenient time. Conclusion: Information obtained from this survey will guide the development of a multi-component community-based program to prepare farmers to take appropriate action and receive quick emergency medical services (EMS) in farm emergencies. New community partnerships will be established to identify, implement, and evaluate creative strategies to ensure that Kentucky farmers are prepared for emergency events. C1 [Hunt, Matthew L.; Jones, M. Susan; Secula, Dixi] Western Kentucky Univ, Inst Rural Hlth, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 21038, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Hunt, ML (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Inst Rural Hlth, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 21038, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. 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Agromedicine PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 24 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2018.1536571 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HJ8GK UT WOS:000457435400005 PM 30317936 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Long, Y Yang, YL Lei, XH Tian, Y Li, YM AF Long, Yan Yang, Yilin Lei, Xiaohui Tian, Yu Li, Youming TI Integrated Assessment Method of Emergency Plan for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents Based on Improved TOPSIS, Shannon Entropy and a Coordinated Development Degree Model SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE coordinated development degree model; technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution; Shannon entropy; sudden water pollution; integrated assessment; inhomogeneity ID CARBON EMISSION QUOTAS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; HIERARCHY PROCESS; TRANSFER PROJECT; MIDDLE ROUTE; SIMULATION; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; RIVER; BARRIERS AB Water is the source of all things, so it can be said that without the sustainable development of water resources, there can be no sustainable development of human beings. In recent years, sudden water pollution accidents have occurred frequently. Emergency response plan optimization is the key to handling accidents. Nevertheless, the non-linear relationship between various indicators and emergency plans has greatly prevented researchers from making reasonable assessments. Thus, an integrated assessment method is proposed by incorporating an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, Shannon entropy and a Coordinated development degree model to evaluate emergency plans. The Shannon entropy method was used to analyze different types of index values. TOPSIS is used to calculate the relative closeness to the ideal solution. The coordinated development degree model is applied to express the relationship between the relative closeness and inhomogeneity of the emergency plan. This method is tested in the decision support system of the Middle Route Construction and Administration Bureau, China. By considering the different nature of the indicators, the integrated assessment method is eventually proven as a highly realistic method for assessing emergency plans. The advantages of this method are more prominent when there are more indicators of the evaluation object and the nature of each indicator is quite different. In summary, this integrated assessment method can provide a targeted reference or guidance for emergency control decision makers. C1 [Long, Yan; Lei, Xiaohui; Tian, Yu] China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. [Yang, Yilin] Tianjin Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul Engn Simulat & Safety, Tianjin 300350, Peoples R China. [Li, Youming] BGI Engn Consultants LTD, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. RP Long, Y (reprint author), China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. EM hebeilongyan@163.com; yangyilin0716@tju.edu.cn; lxh@iwhr.com; sweetrain511@163.com; 15320176579@163.com RI lei, xiaohui/P-9669-2017 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0405900]; National Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51609258]; Major National Science and Technology Project [2017ZX07108-001] FX This research was funded by [National Key R&D Program of China] grant number [2017YFC0405900], [National Science Foundation of China under Grants] grant number [51609258], and [Major National Science and Technology Project] grant number [2017ZX07108-001]. 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H., 2014, ENERGY ED SCT TECH A, V32, P2857 Yu XB, 2018, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V15, DOI 10.3390/ijerph15040612 Yuan Z, 2018, EXPERT SYST APPL, V112, P243, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2018.06.013 Zhang B, 2011, COMPUT GEOSCI-UK, V37, P874, DOI 10.1016/j.cageo.2011.03.013 Zhang MY, 2019, ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK, V18, P78, DOI 10.1080/17477891.2018.1476318 Zhang WJ, 2010, J ENVIRON MANAGE, V91, P2378, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.06.025 Zhou X, 2017, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V24, P7088, DOI 10.1007/s11356-016-8360-z NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 10 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 2 AR 510 DI 10.3390/su11020510 PG 18 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HJ4FR UT WOS:000457129900214 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ma, YJ Xu, W Qin, LJ Zhao, XJ AF Ma, Yunjia Xu, Wei Qin, Lianjie Zhao, Xiujuan TI Site Selection Models in Natural Disaster Shelters: A Review SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Review DE natural disaster; shelters; site selection problem; optimization model ID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; FACILITY LOCATION PROBLEM; EVOLUTIONARY OPTIMIZATION; MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMS; BILEVEL OPTIMIZATION; MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES; EMERGENCY SHELTERS; HYBRID BILEVEL; TRANSPORTATION; ALLOCATION AB Constructing natural disaster shelters is important for disaster emergency management, and site selection models provide a feasible technique and method. This paper presents site selection models for natural disaster shelters. A synthesis of the types, objectives, constraints, methods of solutions, targeted disasters and applications of different site selection models for natural disaster shelters is investigated. Shelter location models can be classified as single-objective models, multiobjective models and hierarchical models, according to the objective and hierarchy type. Minimizing the evacuation distance or time, shelter construction cost or number, and the total risk are the general objectives of the models. Intelligent optimization algorithms are widely used to solve the models, instead of the Geographic Information System (GIS) method, due to the complexity of the problem. The results indicate that the following should be the main focuses of future works: How to set a model that can be applied for determining the shelter locations of multiple disasters; how to consider the uncertainty in the models; how to improve the existing algorithms or models to solve large-scale location-allocation problems; and how to develop a new resource-saving model that is consistent with the concept of sustainable development, as advocated by shelter planners and policy makers, which can be applied in real situations. This study allows those undertaking shelter location research to situate their work within the context of shelter planning. C1 [Ma, Yunjia; Xu, Wei; Qin, Lianjie] Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Ma, Yunjia; Xu, Wei; Qin, Lianjie] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Ma, Yunjia; Xu, Wei; Qin, Lianjie] Beijing Normal Univ, Acad Disaster Reduct & Emergency Management, Minist Emergency Management, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Ma, Yunjia; Xu, Wei; Qin, Lianjie] Beijing Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Xiujuan] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Xu, W (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Fac Geog Sci, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Xu, W (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Xu, W (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Acad Disaster Reduct & Emergency Management, Minist Emergency Management, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Xu, W (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Zhao, XJ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM mayj@mail.bnu.edu.cn; xuwei@bnu.edu.cn; qinlianjie@mail.bnu.edu.cn; xjzhao@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology, ChinaMinistry of Science and Technology, China [2018YFC1508802, 2016YFA0602404]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41621061, 41201547]; Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, China [B08008] FX This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2018YFC1508802, 2016YFA0602404]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41621061, 41201547]; and Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, China [B08008]. 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Y., 2001, RES SOIL WATER CONSE, V8, P17, DOI DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3409.2001.01.005 Zhou X., 2006, J SAFETY ENV, V6, P118, DOI DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2006.z1.042 [周亚飞 Zhou Yafei], 2010, [安全与环境学报, Journal of Safety and Environment], V10, P205 NR 114 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 10 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND EI 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JAN 2 PY 2019 VL 11 IS 2 AR 399 DI 10.3390/su11020399 PG 24 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HJ4FR UT WOS:000457129900103 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yin, J Jing, YM Yu, DP Ye, MW Yang, YH Liao, BG AF Yin, Jie Jing, Yameng Yu, Dapeng Ye, Mingwu Yang, Yuhan Liao, Banggu TI A Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Emergency in Schools of Shanghai SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE emergency response; vulnerability assessment; schools and students; pluvial flooding; Shanghai ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; ROAD NETWORK; FLASH-FLOOD; IMPACT; ACCESSIBILITY; DISASTER; URBANIZATION; PREPAREDNESS; MANAGEMENT; POLICIES AB Schools and students are particularly vulnerable to natural hazards, especially pluvial flooding in cities. This paper presents a scenario-based study that assesses the school vulnerability of emergency services (i.e., Emergency Medical Service and Fire & Rescue Service) to urban pluvial flooding in the city center of Shanghai, China through the combination of flood hazard analysis and GIS-based accessibility mapping. Emergency coverages and response times in various traffic conditions are quantified to generate school vulnerability under normal no-flood and 100-y pluvial flood scenarios. The findings indicate that severe pluvial flooding could lead to proportionate and linear impacts on emergency response provision to schools in the city. Only 11% of all the schools is predicted to be completely unreachable (very high vulnerability) during flood emergency but the majority of the schools would experience significant delay in the travel times of emergency responses. In this case, appropriate adaptations need to be particularly targeted for specific hot-spot areas (e.g., new urbanized zones) and crunch times (e.g., rush hours). C1 [Yin, Jie] East China Normal Univ, Fac Educ, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Yin, Jie; Jing, Yameng; Ye, Mingwu; Yang, Yuhan] East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Yin, Jie] East China Normal Univ, Inst Ecochongming, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Yu, Dapeng] Loughborough Univ, Dept Geog, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Liao, Banggu] Shanghai Normal Univ, Sch Environm & Geog Sci, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. RP Liao, BG (reprint author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Sch Environm & Geog Sci, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. EM jyin@geo.ecnu.edu.cn; 51163901054@stu.ecnu.edu.cn; d.yu2@lboro.ac.uk; mwye@admin.ecnu.edu.cn; 51183901022@stu.ecnu.edu.cn; liaomap@shnu.edu.cn FU Peak Discipline Construction Project of Education at East China Normal University; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41871164, 41601568, 51761135024]; National Social Science Fund of China [18ZDA105]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFE0100700, 2017YFE0107400]; Humanities and Social Science Project of Education Ministry of China [17YJAZH111]; Natural Science Foundation of ShanghaiNatural Science Foundation of Shanghai [18ZR1410800]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2018ECNU-QKT001, 2017ECNU-KXK013] FX This work is sponsored by Peak Discipline Construction Project of Education at East China Normal University, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no: 41871164, 41601568 and 51761135024), the National Social Science Fund of China (Grant no: 18ZDA105), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant no: 2017YFE0100700 and 2017YFE0107400), the Humanities and Social Science Project of Education Ministry of China (Grant no: 17YJAZH111), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant no: 18ZR1410800) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant no: 2018ECNU-QKT001 and 2017ECNU-KXK013). 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With stakeholder communication increasingly taking place on social media, however, it is less understood how organizations may selectively engage with multiple stakeholder groups ranging from citizens, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), media, and businesses on this networked platform. Using Hurricane Harvey as a case study, the current study examines the stakeholder engagement practice on Twitter by 42 government and emergency management (EM) organizations across the three stages of this natural disaster. The analysis of the Twitter reply and mention networks suggests that government and EM organizations prioritize engaging with stakeholder groups including citizens, peer government agencies, and media during crisis. Stakeholder salience, indicated by a stakeholder's geographic location and online influence, is significantly related to the level of targeting activities on Twitter. C1 [Liu, Wenlin] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. 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PY 2019 VL 13 BP 4917 EP 4939 PG 23 WC Communication SC Communication GA JB7SS UT WOS:000488766000058 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nosov, PS Ben A, P Safonova, AF Palamarchuk, IV AF Nosov, P. S. Ben A, P. Safonova, A. F. Palamarchuk, I., V TI APPROACHES GOING TO DETERMINATION PERIODS OF THE HUMAN FACTOR OF NAVIGATORS DURING SUPERNUMERARY SITUATIONS SO RADIO ELECTRONICS COMPUTER SCIENCE CONTROL LA English DT Article DE human factor; navigator model; detection threshold; emergency situations AB Context. The problem of identifying the manifestation of the human factor in the context of utility in maritime transport during emergency situations is considered. The aim of the study is to increase safety in maritime transport by identifying positive and negative human factors, as well as analyzing the behavioral reactions affecting the vessel's passage parameters. Objective. The aim of the work is to determine the approaches and the construction of software tools to identify periods of manifestation of the human factor of the navigators during abnormal situations. Method. The study identified the types of manifestations of the human factor in the form of intuitive (illogical) behavior of the navigator. The dependence of intuitive behavior, as a reaction, on exceeding the detection threshold of perception of service information, is given. It was determined that the distribution of information load among members of the navigation watch will significantly reduce the detection threshold of the navigator at the time of making management decisions. It was established that the detection step is to determine the balance of information effects on the navigator and his individual polar reactions. The cycle of updating the navigator model is determined by analyzing his individual behavior model of previous intellectual activity. A formal description of the space of alternatives and reactions of the navigator in the form of polar groups at the moment of vessel management is proposed. Software has been developed that allows the analysis of the vessel's passage trajectory for collision detection and the identification of periods of occurrence of the detection threshold of the navigator. Analysis of the trajectories made it possible to conclude that before the collision the navigator was in active/passive polar states of action, which directly proportional to the speed of the vessel, which confirms the main hypothesis of the study. As a mathematical tool for solving the problem of classifying individual reactions of the navigator, the factor analysis and a training sample are offered - more than nine typical situations, which make it possible to adequately determine polar reactions according to the principle of utility. Results. In order to confirm the adequacy of the proposed formal-logical approaches, an experiment was conducted using the Trainer Professional 5000 navigation simulator (NTPRO 5000). The results of the experiment, as well as the developed software, made it possible to identify the time periods of the negative human factor manifestation of the navigator caused by the information overload and to determine its individual stimulus factors. At the same time, the moment of occurrence of an extraordinary situation was determined by analyzing the passage trajectory of the vessel by means of processing log files by passing the Bosporus strait location. In addition, an algorithm was developed for the formation of the navigator's model and its updating on the basis of individual periods of the negative manifestation of the human factor. The features of the occurrence of informational imbalance between members of the navigation watch in the event of an emergency situation and features of its identification during the passage of the vessel are considered. The obtained results will allow at a qualitatively new level to approach the analysis of the problem of the influence of human factor on the adequate managerial decisions of the navigator. Conclusions. The proposed formal approaches and the developed software will allow identifying the transition from the controlled adequate state of the navigator to the uncontrolled state with intuitive reactions. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the developed algorithm of forming a navigator model in a discrete time, which allows to identify its polar reactions during extraordinary situations. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the experiment allowed identifying the time periods of the manifestation of the negative human factor of the navigator, caused by the information overload and identifying its individual factors-incentives. Prospects for further research may be the development of software in the form of an expert system defining deviations from a given course during the sea passage, as well as inadequate reactions in the performance of classical maneuvers in case of divergence of ships in constrained areas. C1 [Nosov, P. S.; Ben A, P.] Kherson State Maritime Acad, Nav & Elect Nav Syst Dept, Kherson, Ukraine. [Safonova, A. F.] Kherson Polytech Coll, Kherson, Ukraine. [Palamarchuk, I., V] Kherson State Maritime Acad, Kherson, Ukraine. RP Nosov, PS (reprint author), Kherson State Maritime Acad, Nav & Elect Nav Syst Dept, Kherson, Ukraine. 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TI Survey on Collaborative Smart Drones and Internet of Things for Improving Smartness of Smart Cities SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE ICT; smart city; energy consumption; smart drone; IoT; pollutions; gathering data; IoD; disaster; public safety; security and privacy; collaborative drone; IoT ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE; FOREST-FIRE DETECTION; CITY-APPLICATIONS; TARGET TRACKING; CYBER-SECURITY; COMMUNICATION; DEPLOYMENT; SURVEILLANCE; CHALLENGES AB Smart cities contain intelligent things which can intelligently automatically and collaboratively enhance life quality, save people's lives, and act a sustainable resource ecosystem. To achieve these advanced collaborative technologies such as drones, robotics, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things (IoT) are required to increase the smartness of smart cities by improving the connectivity, energy efficiency, and quality of services (QoS). Therefore, collaborative drones and IoT play a vital role in supporting a lot of smart-city applications such as those involved in communication, transportation, agriculture,safety and security, disaster mitigation, environmental protection, service delivery, energy saving, e-waste reduction, weather monitoring, healthcare, etc. This paper presents a survey of the potential techniques and applications of collaborative drones and IoT which have recently been proposed in order to increase the smartness of smart cities. It provides a comprehensive overview highlighting the recent and ongoing research on collaborative drone and IoT in improving the real-time application of smart cities. This survey is different from previous ones in term of breadth, scope, and focus. In particular, we focus on the new concept of collaborative drones and IoT for improving smart-city applications. This survey attempts to show how collaborative drones and IoT improve the smartness of smart cities based on data collection, privacy and security, public safety, disaster management, energy consumption and quality of life in smart cities. It mainly focuses on the measurement of the smartness of smart cities, i.e., environmental aspects, life quality, public safety, and disaster management. C1 [Alsamhi, Saeed H.] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Aerosp Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Alsamhi, Saeed H.] IBB Univ, Ibb, Yemen. [Ma, Ou] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Ansari, Mohammad Samar] Aligarh Muslim Univ, Elect Engn, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Almalki, Faris A.] Taif Univ, Dept Elect Engn, At Taif 21431, Saudi Arabia. RP Alsamhi, SH (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Aerosp Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.; Alsamhi, SH (reprint author), IBB Univ, Ibb, Yemen. 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In those applications, detecting and locating people and recognizing their actions in near real-time can play a crucial role for preparing an effective response. However, there are currently three main limitations to perform this task efficiently. First, it is currently often not possible to access the live video feed from a UAV's camera due to limited bandwidth. Second, even if the video feed is available, monitoring and analyzing video over prolonged time is a tedious task for humans. Third, it is typically not possible to locate random people via their cellphones. Therefore, we developed the Person-Action-Locator (PAL), a novel UAV-based situational awareness system. The PAL system addresses the first issue by analyzing the video feed onboard the UAV, powered by a supercomputeron-a-module. Specifically, as a support for human operators, the PAL system relies on Deep Learning models to automatically detect people and recognize their actions in near real-time. To address the third issue, we developed a Pixel2GPS converter that estimates the location of people from the video feed. The result - icons representing detected people labeled by their actions - is visualized on the map interface of the PAL system. The Deep Learning models were first tested in the lab and demonstrated promising results. The fully integrated PAL system was successfully tested in the field. We also performed another collection of surveillance data to complement the lab results. C1 [Geraldes, Ruben; Goncalves, Artur; Prendinger, Helmut] Natl Inst Informat, Tokyo 1018430, Japan. [Lai, Tin] Univ Sydney, Fac Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Villerabel, Mathias] Sorbonne Univ, Dept Comp Sci, F-75005 Paris, France. [Deng, Wenlong] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Salta, Ana] INESC ID, P-1000029 Lisbon, Portugal. [Nakayama, Kotaro; Matsuo, Yutaka] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Technol Management & Innovat, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. 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Thus, its applicability and extensibility are severely limited. In addition, real-time update for the disaster area is one of the crucial functions for search and rescue activities. To meet the aforementioned requirements, in this paper, we propose a new spatial data infrastructure by defining the methodological scheme for the raster information. The proposed system has four respective layers to reduce the management cost as well as provide a flexible architecture. In each layer, various open source software or standard technologies are employed to perform the given tasks. The experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme accommodates the requirements for disaster risk management and meets the performance requirements in an efficient way. C1 [Osorio, Ever Enrique Castillo] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Urban Engn, Jinju 52828, South Korea. [Hayat, Bashir] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Informat, Jinju 52828, South Korea. [Shah, Babar] Zayed Univ, Coll Technol Innovat, POB 144534, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Chow, Francis] Zayed Univ, Univ Coll, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Kim, Ki-Il] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Daejeon, South Korea. RP Kim, KI (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Daejeon, South Korea. EM kikim@cnu.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education [2018R1D1A1B07043731]; Research Incentive Fund by Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE [R18086] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education (2018R1D1A1B07043731). Furthermore, it was supported by the Research Incentive Fund (R18086) by Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE. 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Electr. Comput. Eng. PY 2019 VL 19 IS 3 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.4316/AECE.2019.03010 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA IY7KH UT WOS:000486574100010 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Beerens, RJJ AF Beerens, Ralf Josef Johanna TI Does the means achieve an end? A document analysis providing an overview of emergency and crisis management evaluation practice in the Netherlands SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE crisis; disaster; emergency; exercise; evaluation; practice; test; The Netherlands; evaluation design; evaluation process; document analysis; evaluation report ID PREPAREDNESS; EXERCISES AB Evaluations provide insights into the effectiveness of emergency exercises or the response to a disaster. A well-constructed process is key to capture evidence-based feedback that can support future learning and development. However, little is known about how they are performed in practice and whether they actually meet their intended purpose. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of how 'operational emergency response evaluations' are currently performed in the Netherlands. The study was based on an analysis of evaluation reports and supporting documents from all 25 Dutch safety regions. Outcomes were cross-checked by regional representatives. The findings show that a variety of approaches and designs are currently being used, which are not explicitly or logically linked. Most evaluations are isolated activities that do not build on each other. It is unclear how, and if, lessons identified become lessons learned, while the link between data collection and analysis and conclusions often remains vague. These issues undermine the validity of the evaluation and can have implications for its impact. C1 [Beerens, Ralf Josef Johanna] Inst Safety IFV, Res Dept, POB 7010, NL-6801 HA Arnhem, Netherlands. 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J. Emerg. Manag. PY 2019 VL 15 IS 3 BP 221 EP 254 PG 34 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA IY5PH UT WOS:000486444000002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Peng, YH Tan, AP Wu, JJ Bi, YG AF Peng, Yuhuai Tan, Aiping Wu, Jingjing Bi, Yuanguo TI Hierarchical Edge Computing: A Novel Multi-Source Multi-Dimensional Data Anomaly Detection Scheme for Industrial Internet of Things SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT); underground mining; anomaly detection; multi-source multi-dimensional data; edge computing ID SENSOR NETWORKS; IOT AB Every year, many people around the world die because of mining accidents. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) can be employed to sense public safety hazards and provide early warning of accidents, thereby ensuring safe operations at underground mining, personnel positioning, and specific items supervision and emergency response. Real-time data anomaly detection can predict the probability of occurrence of the abnormal event. However, massive heterogeneous monitoring data, poor wireless environment and data spatio-temporal association have posed a serious challenge to data anomaly detection for underground mining. Existing methods are mostly concerned about single data or processing at cloud platform, with little regard for the time and space association. Focus on the accuracy and timeliness of data anomaly detection, a novel multi-source multi-dimensional data anomaly detection scheme based on hierarchical edge computing model is presented in this paper. Firstly, a hierarchical edge computing model is proposed to realize load balance and low-latency data processing at the sensor end and base-station end. Then a single-source data anomaly detection algorithm is designed based on fuzzy theory, which can comprehensively analyze the anomaly detection results of multiple consecutive moments. Finally, a multi-source data anomaly detection algorithm executed at the base-station end is designed to consider the sensing data associated attributes of time and space. Experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme has higher detection accuracy and lower processing delay compared with traditional solutions. C1 [Peng, Yuhuai; Tan, Aiping; Wu, Jingjing; Bi, Yuanguo] Northeastern Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Peng, Yuhuai] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Vibrat & Control Aeroprop Syst, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China. RP Tan, AP (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China. EM aipingtan@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61871107, 61501105, 61701102]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N171612014, N181613002, N180708009, N170308028, N180703018] FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61871107, Grant 61501105, and Grant 61701102, and in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant N171612014, Grant N181613002, Grant N180708009, Grant N170308028, and Grant N180703018. 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It has diverse applications in traffic offloading, disaster management and content sharing, to mention a few. The network coverage and capacity further improve when relays are introduced to D2D communication. However, the interference becomes more severe since these devices also share resources with the traditional cellular users in the underlay. To take the benefits and avert the drawbacks of this spectrum sharing scenario, analytical tools capable of revealing the mathematical relationships among pertinent network design parameters are needed. This brings stochastic geometry (SG) into the picture. With SG-based analyses, designers can model concepts to understand, provide insights, and address the problems of spectrum sharing in relay-assisted D2D communication. Some of the key metrics of particular interest to network designers are the transmission capacity and spectral efficiency of D2D communication, as they reveal the performance gains and quantify the level of interference within the network. These enable them to properly correlate relevant cause-and-effect relationships before wealth and time are invested in network implementation. Despite the studies on the analysis of relay-assisted D2D underlay cellular networks using SG in recent years, there is no available survey material where researchers can find models, assumptions, key results and derived lessons to further comprehend this area and open up new research lines. This motivates the presentation of this paper which in addition to the aforementioned, gives elaborate discussions on promising areas for future research with respect to the recent advancements in D2D communication and SG research. C1 [Amodu, Oluwatosin Ahmed; Othman, Mohamed; Ahmad, Idawaty] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Commun Technol & Network, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. [Othman, Mohamed] Univ Putra Malaysia, Inst Math Res, Lab Computat Sci & Math Phys, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. [Noordin, Nor Kamariah] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Engn, Dept Comp & Commun Syst Engn, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. RP Amodu, OA; Othman, M (reprint author), Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Commun Technol & Network, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.; Othman, M (reprint author), Univ Putra Malaysia, Inst Math Res, Lab Computat Sci & Math Phys, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. EM amodu_oa@ieee.org; mothman@upm.edu.my FU Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Malaysian International Scholarship Scheme; Malaysian Ministry of Education through the Research Management Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, under UPM Journal Publication Fund [9001103] FX This work was supported in part by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Malaysian International Scholarship Scheme, and in part by the Malaysian Ministry of Education through the Research Management Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, under UPM Journal Publication Fund, 9001103. 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Disaster backup, different from general data transmission, has some unique characteristics and requires low latency, high throughput, burst robustness, tight deadline, massive loads and easy deployment, where mass data in DCNs nodes need to be transferred as much as possible and the tight deadline should be meet after the alarm for a potential nature extreme phenomena is sound. This paper first introduces and summarizes the existing transmission mechanisms deployed for DCNs worldwide. Further, we explain the unique characteristics of disaster backup. Then our paper discusses the design idea and proposes the detailed design of the DCN backup TCP (DBTCP), through simulation and evaluation, the results of which displayed in the form of graphs. We are confirmed that the DBTCP designed is capable of making almost all of flows meet the tight deadline under high load and high burst. By carefully investigations implemented in both NS2 and Linux kernel, we notice that DBTCP nearly always outperforms previous presented mechanisms, like DCTCP, (DTCP)-T-2. In typical scenarios, DBTCP can reduce missing deadline rate and improve both throughout and robustness when flows burst, keeping the outstanding easy deployment feature of former mechanisms at the same time. The DBTCP proposed in this paper provides a reliable and effective solution, and has a certain reference value for future research. C1 [Wang, Chen-Yue; Shi, Zhan; Su, Wei; Wen, Qi-Li; Zhou, Hua-Chun] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Elect & Informat Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Elect & Informat Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. 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PY 2019 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1077 DI 10.3966/160792642019072004007 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA IU3EF UT WOS:000483464100007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sahebi, A Ghomian, Z Sarvar, M AF Sahebi, Ali Ghomian, Zohreh Sarvar, Mohammad TI Helicopter Emergency Medical Services in 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake; a Qualitative Study SO ARCHIVES OF ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Emergency medical services; emergency medical technicians; transportation facilities; air ambulances; disaster planning; earthquakes ID TRANSPORT; SYSTEM AB Introduction: Becoming aware of experiences, and lessons learned in challenges can help optimize planning and improve efficiency and effectiveness. The present study aimed to address the challenges of helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) from the viewpoint of the managers involved in HEMS in Kermanshah earthquake. Methods: This qualitative research was done using the content analysis method. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews. The study population consisted of directors who participated in management and transfer of injured people in the earthquake-stricken area of Kermanshah. Sampling was purposeful in the first stage and then by the snowballed method. Results: In the present study, 479 codes were initially extracted regarding participants' perspectives and experiences and after eliminating duplicates, 53 codes were finalized. After analyzing the data, 4 categories and 12 sub-categories were extracted. In this research, lack of integrated management and process-based preparedness were the subjects with the highest number of codes. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it is suggested that comprehensive training programs should be implemented for effective management of the air emergency process during disasters such as earthquakes. 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Acad. Emerg. Med. PY 2019 VL 7 IS 1 AR UNSP e31 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA IU3IB UT WOS:000483476800031 PM 31432041 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, ZH Wang, C AF Liu, Zhaohui Wang, Chao TI Design of Traffic Emergency Response System Based on Internet of Things and Data Mining in Emergencies SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Internet of Things; data mining; emergencies; emergency rescue; system design ID COMMUNICATION; TECHNOLOGIES; INTEGRATION; MANAGEMENT AB Urban emergencies are hard to avoid. Traffic emergency response after an incident plays an important role in reducing losses and is a key link in urban emergency management. However, the traditional traffic management methods have been difficult to face the complicated conditions and requirements in such problems. The introduction of Internet of Things and data mining technology to establish a traffic emergency response system under urban emergencies can significantly improve the level of urban emergency response and realize efficient intensive management. The system mainly includes sub-systems, such as personnel evacuation data collection system, vehicle operation data collection system, rescue material distribution data collection system, personnel settlement place data collection system, traffic bayonet intelligent identification system, etc. It also devises the working programs for command management, personnel evacuation and disaster disposal in case of emergency, and improves the urban emergency support management system. With the support of Internet of Things and the data mining technology, the traffic emergency response system can timely and accurately control the flowing information of personnel and vehicles, quickly and conveniently resettle personnel and vehicles, effectively carry out follow-up rescue work, effectively improve rescue efficiency and improve the level of urban management. C1 [Liu, Zhaohui; Wang, Chao] Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Transportat, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Liu, ZH; Wang, C (reprint author), Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Transportat, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM zhaohuiliu@sdust.edu.cn; chaowang@sdust.edu.cn FU Annual Research Topics of Qingdao Shuangbai Research Project [2018-B-25] FX This work was supported by the Annual Research Topics of Qingdao Shuangbai Research Project under Grant 2018-B-25. 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Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA IT6YK UT WOS:000483022100047 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zahmatkesh, Z Jha, SK Coulibaly, P Stadnyk, T AF Zahmatkesh, Zahra Jha, Sanjeev Kumar Coulibaly, Paulin Stadnyk, Tricia TI An overview of river flood forecasting procedures in Canadian watersheds SO CANADIAN WATER RESOURCES JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic modeling procedure; Canadian river flood forecast centers; Procedure de modelisation hydrologique; Centres Canadiens de prevision des crues des rivieres ID MODELING TECHNIQUES; BASIN; RISK; VULNERABILITY; MANAGEMENT; MANITOBA; WETLANDS AB This paper discusses flood forecasting procedures currently practiced at the Canadian provincial river flood forecast centers. In Canada, each province is responsible for collecting and managing meteorological and hydrometric data (through provincial authorities and/or under Federal/Provincial agreements), developing suitable hydrological models, and providing information about river discharge and water level to the public. In case of an extreme event such as flood or drought, the forecast center is responsible for issuing alerts and supporting provincial emergency management. Due to the large diversity in landscape, weather, and hydrological features across the country, extreme events are triggered by different mechanisms such as snowmelt, heavy rainfall, rain on snow, etc., at different times of the year. Each river forecast center deals with unique challenges in data collection, hydrologic/hydraulic modeling, and flood forecasting. Thus, the focus of the Center in planning for developments and future directions could be significantly different from one province to another. In this paper, the significance of river flood forecasting in Canada, as well as the development in hydrological modelling procedures are highlighted. Moreover, an overview of the current approaches for streamflow/flood forecasting used by the Centers is provided. The content presented here is an outcome of our interaction with the forecast centers. This further resulted in identifying a number of research questions to help bridge the gap between ongoing research and needs of the Centers. C1 [Zahmatkesh, Zahra; Coulibaly, Paulin] McMaster Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Jha, Sanjeev Kumar; Stadnyk, Tricia] Univ Manitoba, Dept Civil Engn, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Coulibaly, Paulin] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Jha, Sanjeev Kumar] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Bhopal, Earth & Environm Sci, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. RP Zahmatkesh, Z (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. EM zahmatkz@mcmaster.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canadian FloodNet [NETGP 451456] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canadian FloodNet (Grant number: NETGP 451456). We would like to extend our sincere honor to Dr. Peter Rasmussen who lead a part of the project, arranged visits to the Centers, assisted in preparing questionnaire and actively contributed in the initial discussions, but passed away on 2nd January, 2017. It is also acknowledged that during the visits, Centers generously shared their procedures for data collection and management, preparation of inputs to the models, models' set up, and posting of models outputs on their websites. We are also grateful to the Centers staff who provided comments on an unpublished report from which some of the content of this article is drawn from. 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For more than a decade, information has been recognized as a vital part of disaster relief, and recently ICTs have been described to improve the resilience of disaster-ridden societies. At the same time, the humanitarian turn towards technology also entails increasing remote management and centralization. This paper highlights social justice concerns and critically reviews the role and potential of technology as an enabler of community resilience. We start from a discussion on essential concepts around information technologies for resilience and social justice. Having established the core concepts, we trace the development of ICT for resilience across three time periods. We discuss how technology development and disaster management practices co-evolved and highlight implications for resilience and social justice. C1 [Comes, Tina; Meesters, Kenny] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Technol Policy & Management, Delft, Netherlands. [Torjesen, Stina] Univ Agder, Sch Business & Law, Kristiansand, Norway. RP Torjesen, S (reprint author), Univ Agder, Sch Business & Law, Kristiansand, Norway. EM stina.torjesen@uia.no RI Comes, Tina/G-2076-2016 OI Comes, Tina/0000-0002-8721-8314 FU European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [687847] FX This work forms part of the research project COMRADES (Collective Platform for Community Resilience and Social Innovation during Crises), which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 687847. 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Resil. Infrastruct. PY 2019 VL 4 IS 3 SI SI BP 124 EP 136 DI 10.1080/23789689.2017.1405653 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA IS7HI UT WOS:000482320500004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Panda, KG Das, S Sen, D Arif, W AF Panda, Kirtan Gopal Das, Shrayan Sen, Debarati Arif, Wasim TI Design and Deployment of UAV-Aided Post-Disaster Emergency Network SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); post-disaster management; emergency network; network chain AB Designing a reliable, resilient, and quickly deployable emergency communication network is a key challenge for post-disaster management. In this paper, a UAV-assisted emergency Wi-Fi network is proposed to expedite the rescue operations by guiding the survivors to the nearest rescue camp location. Here, the Raspberry PI (RPI) development board, mounted on UAV is considered to form a Wi-Fi chain network over the disaster region. During network set-up, the proposed solutions for the design challenges like UAV synchronization, avoid communication disruption and surveillance data management are the key contributions of this paper. The designed UAV network is capable of doing on-site surveillance and transmitting the data to the relief center for better rescue planning. One major challenge is to alert a survivor about the emergency network, which is addressed by designing a captive portal. Furthermore, to extend the Wi-Fi network, an Android-based application is developed by which each smartphone acts as a relay for its neighbor. Three types of field experiment are carried out to evaluate the performance of the designed prototype. It is found from the field results; the Wi-Fi access point mode and user datagram protocol are more suitable for network design as compared to Ad-Hoc mode and transmission control protocol, respectively. It is also observed from the experiment that the maximum hop distance for the prototype is 280 meters and 290 meters for a Wi-Fi configuration following IEEE 802.11n and IEEE 802.11ac protocol, respectively. C1 [Panda, Kirtan Gopal; Das, Shrayan; Sen, Debarati] Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. [Arif, Wasim] Natl Inst Technol Silchar, Silchar 788010, India. RP Panda, KG (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. EM kirtangopal.panda@gmail.com FU Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Govt. of India [21(1) 2015-CC BT] FX The work was supported by Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Govt. of India under grant 21(1) 2015-CC & BT Dated 30-09-2015. 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Depending on the severity of the accident and potential magnitude of release of radioactive material into the environment, off-site emergency response such as evacuation may be warranted. An approach that could be used for real-time emergency guidance to support the declaration of a site emergency and to guide off-site response is presented using observable plant data in the early stages of a severe accident. The approach is based on the simulation of the possible NPP behavior following an initiating event and projects the likelihood of different levels of off-site release of radionuclides from the plant using deep learning (DL) techniques. 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PY 2019 VL 205 IS 8 BP 1035 EP 1042 DI 10.1080/00295450.2018.1541394 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA IR5MV UT WOS:000481478900004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, L Wu, YJ AF Yang, Li Wu, Yejun TI Creating a Taxonomy of Earthquake Disaster Response and Recovery for Online Earthquake Information Management SO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article DE information; taxonomy; disaster; categories; response; earthquake; recovery ID KNOWLEDGE; CLASSIFICATION AB The goal of this study is to develop a taxonomy of earthquake response and recovery using online information resources for organizing and sharing earthquake-related online information resources. A constructivist/interpretivist research paradigm was used in the study. A combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches was used to build the taxonomy. Facet analysis of disaster management, the timeframe of disaster management, and modular design were performed when designing the taxonomy. Two case studies were done to demonstrate the usefulness of the taxonomy for organizing and sharing information. The facet-based taxonomy can be used to organize online information for browsing and navigation. It can also be used to index and tag online information resources to support searching. It creates a common language for earthquake management stakeholders to share knowledge. The top three level categories of the taxonomy can be applied to the management of other types of disasters. The taxonomy has implications for earthquake online information management, knowledge management and disaster management. The approach can be used to build taxonomies for managing online information resources on other topics (including various types of time-sensitive disaster responses). We propose a common language for sharing information on disasters, which has great social relevance. C1 [Yang, Li] Southwest Petr Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, Peoples R China. 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Organ. PY 2019 VL 46 IS 2 BP 77 EP 89 DI 10.5771/0943-7444-2019-2-77 PG 13 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA IQ3MH UT WOS:000480655300001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kazemi, R Alighanbari, N Zamanian, Z AF Kazemi, Reza Alighanbari, Negar Zamanian, Zahra TI The effects of screen light filtering software on cognitive performance and sleep among night workers SO HEALTH PROMOTION PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE Cognitive function; Night shift work; Sleepiness; Sleep ID CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; MELATONIN SUPPRESSION; SHORT WAVELENGTHS; QUALITY INDEX; SHIFT WORK; ALERTNESS; EXPOSURE; CORTISOL; CANCER; PHASE AB Background: Pervious studies have reported impaired performance, sleepiness and sleep deprivation among night workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of color Screen Light Filtering software on cognitive performance, alertness and sleep quality among night shift operators of a medical emergency operations center. Methods: This field trial interventional study was carried out among 30 nightshift operators of Shiraz emergency control center. The baseline assessments were carried out under the existing computer screen light conditions in the week preceding the installation of f. lux software. The same measurements were repeated again 4 weeks after installing the software. The cognitive performance of the participants was measured using continuous performance test (CPT) and n-back, while their sleep quality was assessed through Pietersburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Further, to assess their subjective and objective alertness, Stanford sleepiness index and go/no go test were used, respectively. Results: The results of this study showed that Screen Light Filtering software significantly increased subjective (P < 0.001) and objective alertness (P < 0.05). Additionally, the performance of the working memory (P = 0.008) and sleep quality (P = 0.008) improved significantly after the intervention. Conclusion: The results revealed that using Screen Light Filtering software is an effective and low-cost method to improve sleep quality and cognitive performance since it filters the short wavelength part of the spectrum and helps body adaptation. C1 [Kazemi, Reza; Zamanian, Zahra] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth, Ergon Dept, Shiraz, Iran. [Alighanbari, Negar] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth, Shiraz, Iran. RP Zamanian, Z (reprint author), Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth, Ergon Dept, Shiraz, Iran. EM zamanianz@sums.ac.ir RI kazemi, reza/P-3543-2017 OI kazemi, reza/0000-0003-1361-7360 FU Shiraz University of Medical Sciences [13988] FX Shiraz University of Medical Sciences supported the stady (grant No. 13988). 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The existing wireless technologies, notably Wi-Fi, that are currently used for drone connectivity are limited to short ranges and low-mobility situations. New, scalable technology is needed to meet future demands on long connectivity ranges, support for fast-moving drones, and the possibility to simultaneously communicate with entire swarms of drones. Massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), the main technology component of emerging 5G standards, has the potential to meet these requirements. C1 [Chandhar, Prabhu] Chandhar Res Labs, Chennai 600030, Tamil Nadu, India. [Larsson, Erik G.] Linkoping Univ, Dept Elect Engn ISY, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Larsson, EG (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Dept Elect Engn ISY, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. EM erik.g.larsson@liu.se FU Swedish Research Council (VR)Swedish Research Council; ELLIIT; Security-Link FX This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR), ELLIIT, and Security-Link. 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Mazhar Hameed, Sufian Ben Yahia, Sadok Draheim, Dirk TI Towards Disaster Resilient Smart Cities: Can Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics Be the Game Changers? SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Big data analytics; Internet of Things; smart city; disaster management; Hadoop; spark; smart data analytics; geo-social media analytics; disaster resilient smart city ID SOCIAL MEDIA; INFORMATION; IOT; SYSTEM; EMERGENCIES; EXPERIENCE; FRAMEWORK AB Disasters (natural or man-made) can be lethal to human life, the environment, and infrastructure. The recent advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) and the evolution in big data analytics (BDA) technologies have provided an open opportunity to develop highly needed disaster resilient smart city environments. In this paper, we propose and discuss the novel reference architecture and philosophy of a disaster resilient smart city (DRSC) through the integration of the IoT and BDA technologies. 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Moreover, the key challenges faced are identified and briefly discussed. C1 [Shah, Syed Attique] Istanbul Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Seker, Dursun Zafer] Istanbul Tech Univ, Civil Engn Fac, Dept Geomat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Rathore, M. Mazhar] Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Div Informat & Comp Technol, Doha, Qatar. [Hameed, Sufian] NUCES, IT Secur Labs, Karachi 75160, Pakistan. [Ben Yahia, Sadok] Tallinn Univ Technol, Dept Software Sci, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [Draheim, Dirk] Tallinn Univ Technol, Informat Syst Grp, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [Shah, Syed Attique] Balochistan Univ Informat Technol Engn & Manageme, Dept Informat Technol, Quetta 87300, Pakistan. RP Shah, SA (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey.; Shah, SA (reprint author), Balochistan Univ Informat Technol Engn & Manageme, Dept Informat Technol, Quetta 87300, Pakistan. 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We think, due to the automation, the role of operators has shifted from active control to passive monitoring. Performing this last task even might be more difficult because of the monotony and needs of realization of the active control in emergency situation. The management of complex ergatic systems is relevant at the present stage of the development of science and technology. It is a particular concern to evaluate the activity of an operator as the element of the ergatic system. New technologies presented by automation should complement and not displace human functions in aircraft control. The paper focuses on new technologies applied in aircraft systems to ensure higher safety and system reliability. The main problem of aircraft safety is addressed to aircraft critical systems as helicopter transmission system monitoring, aircraft system integration, and system redundancy. The research is based on experimental methods and case studies. 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PY 2019 VL 14 IS 2 BP 101 EP 110 DI 10.20858/tp.2019.14.2.9 PG 10 WC Transportation Science & Technology SC Transportation GA IE0HC UT WOS:000472066700009 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Song, LF Chen, HJ Xiong, WH Dong, ZP Mao, PX Xiang, ZQ Hu, K AF Song, Lifei Chen, Houjing Xiong, Wenhao Dong, Zaopeng Mao, Puxiu Xiang, Zuquan Hu, Kai TI METHOD OF EMERGENCY COLLISION AVOIDANCE FOR UNMANNED SURFACE VEHICLE (USV) BASED ON MOTION ABILITY DATABASE SO POLISH MARITIME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Unmanned surface vehicle; emergency collision avoidance; velocity obstacle method; motion ability ID OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE AB The unmanned surface vehicles (USV) are required to perform a dynamic obstacle avoidance during fulfilling a task. This is essential for USV safety in case of an emergency and such action has been proved to be difficult. However, little research has been done in this area. This study proposes an emergency collision avoidance algorithm for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) based on a motion ability database. The algorithm is aimed to address the inconsistency of the existing algorithm. It is proposed to avoid collision in emergency situations by sharp turning and treating the collision avoidance process as a part of the turning movement of USV. In addition, the rolling safety and effect of speed reduction during the collision avoidance process are considered. First, a USV motion ability database is established by numerical simulation. The database includes maximum rolling angle, velocity vector, position scalar, and steering time data during the turning process. In emergency collision avoidance planning; the expected steering angle is obtained based on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), and the solution space, with initial velocity and rudder angle taken as independent variables, is determined by combining the steering time and rolling angle data. On the basis of this solution space, the objective function is solved by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the optimal initial velocity and rudder angle are obtained. The position data corresponding to this solution is the emergency collision avoidance trajectory. Then, the collision avoidance parameters were calculated based on the afore mentioned model of motion. With the use of MATLAB and Unity software, a semi-physical simulation platform was established to perform the avoidance simulation experiment under emergency situation. Results show the validity of the algorithm. Hence results of this research can be useful for performing intelligent collision avoidance operations of USV and other autonomous ships. C1 [Song, Lifei; Chen, Houjing] Wuhan Univ Technol, Key Lab High Performance Ship Technol, Minist Educ, Heping Ave, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Song, Lifei; Xiong, Wenhao; Dong, Zaopeng; Xiang, Zuquan] Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Transportat, Heping Ave, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Chen, Houjing; Hu, Kai] China Ship Dev & Design Ctr, Zhangzhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Mao, Puxiu] Univ Southern Calif, Univ Pk Los Angeles 740-2311, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Song, LF (reprint author), Wuhan Univ Technol, Key Lab High Performance Ship Technol, Minist Educ, Heping Ave, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Song, LF (reprint author), Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Transportat, Heping Ave, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM songlifei@whut.edu.cn; Hawking2006@sina.cn; 2569403518@qq.com; dongzaopeng@whut.edu.cn; Puxiumao@usc.edu; xiangzuquan@whut.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51809203, 51709214]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WUT: 2019IVB011, 2017IVA008, 2017IVA006] FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51809203 and 51709214) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2019IVB011, 2017IVA008 and 2017IVA006). 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TI INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SYSTEM FOR HAZARD LEVEL ASSESSMENT AND EMERGENCY RISK FORECASTING SO ACTA POLYTECHNICA LA English DT Article DE Industrial safety; industrial traumatism; professional sickness rate; risk assessment; risk management; risk monitoring AB The purpose of the article is to present an analytical system that allows users to process data necessary for an industrial risk analysis and management, to monitor the level of industrial safety in a given site, and to fulfil essential tasks within the field of occupational safety. This system's implementation will make the industrial safety management at industrial sites more effective. Multifactorial, probabilistic, determined models of accidents' hazard and severity indexes are integrated into the computing core of the Information and Analytical System. Then, statistical methods determine the risk assessment of occupational injuries and diseases. The Information and Analytical System for Hazard Level Assessment and Forecasting Risk of Emergencies in the Republic of Kazakhstan allows users to work efficiently with large volumes of information and form a united analytical electronic report about the state of industrial safety. The main objective of the monitoring system is to conduct a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the state of accidents, traumas and occupational sickness rates at industrial sites, the results being classified by the degree of hazard and insalubrity of manufacture. The introduction of the computer monitoring system in the specialized services of the Emergency Management Committee and the Ministry of Investment and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and at industrial enterprises throughout the country, will allow users to analyse the state of the industrial and occupational safety constantly and objectively; as a consequence, the implementation will go a long way towards comprehensively approaching the task of increasing safety levels at industrial sites. C1 [Yemelin, Pavel V.] Karaganda Univ Econ Kazpotrebsoyuz, Dept Commod Sci & Certificat, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. [Kudryavtsev, Sergey S.] Karaganda State Tech Univ, Min Aerol & Occupat Safety Dept, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. [Yemelina, Natalya K.] Karaganda Univ Econ Kazpotrebsoyuz, Dept Math, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. RP Kudryavtsev, SS (reprint author), Karaganda State Tech Univ, Min Aerol & Occupat Safety Dept, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. EM sk74_07@mail.ru FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan [AP 05133965] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan under Grant AP 05133965. The authors would like to thank English Language Fellow Ben Taylor for his assistance with the preparation of this article. The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. CR Amurgalinov S., 2012, PROMYSHLENNOST KAZAK, V10, P29 [Anonymous], 2005, 60300391995 MOD NAT [Anonymous], 2011, 732010 ISO NAT STAND [Anonymous], 2011, 1200102009 NAT STAND [Anonymous], 2005, 610251991 IEC IDT ST [Anonymous], 2010, 31010ISOIEC310102009 [Anonymous], 2005, 610782005 IEC STAND Davydov E. G., 2010, P 1 SCI PRACT C ACT, P135 Hamimolda B. Z., 2011, P INT SCI PRACT C MI, P78 Hamimolda B. Z., 2011, P 2 SCI PRACT C PREV, P66 Hamimolda B. Z., 2012, OKHRANA TRUDA KAZAKH, V3, P81 ISO, 2009, 310002009 ISO Kudryavtsev S. S., 2017, T U, V1, P113 Kudryavtsev S. S., 2016, T U, V4, P102 Kudryavtsev S. S., 2013, P 3 SCI PRACT C ACT, P109 Kudryavtsev S. S., 2015, T U, V4, P55 Kudryavtsev S. S., 2015, P INT SCI PRACT C IN, P163 Kudryavtsev S. S., 2013, OKHRANA TRUDA KAZAKH, V3, P89 Kudryavtsev SS, 2018, SAF HEALTH WORK-KR, V9, P30, DOI 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.003 Yemelin P. V., 2011, P 2 SCI PRACT C PREV, P80 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CZECH TECHNICAL UNIV PRAGUE PI PRAGUE 6 PA ZIKOVA 4, PRAGUE 6, 16636, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-2709 EI 1805-2363 J9 ACTA POLYTECH JI Acta Polytech. PY 2019 VL 59 IS 2 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.14311/AP.2019.59.0182 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA IF8PK UT WOS:000473355400009 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Xu, J Cui, C Feng, HY You, DM Wang, HX Li, B AF Xu, Jin Cui, Can Feng, Haiyang You, Daming Wang, Haixia Li, Bo TI Marine Radar Oil-Spill Monitoring through Local Adaptive Thresholding SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE Marine radar; oil-spill identification; remote sensing; image processing ID HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION; ENHANCEMENT; SELECTION; SYSTEM AB Marine oil spills affect the environment, economy, and quality of life for coastal inhabitants. This article presents a method of X-band marine radar oil-spill identification by considering the marine radar images of the 2010 Dalian 7-16 accident. The Prewitt operator was improved and a linear interpolation was proposed to suppress co-channel interferences. In addition, a model of a gray-intensity-correcting matrix is proposed to smooth a whole image, thus displaying the oil film more intuitively. Furthermore, a contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization method was used to increase the contrast inside and outside the oil film. Moreover, the local adaptive thresholding method was improved to segment the oil spills. The results show that the proposed method is an improvement on similar previous approaches for this task when employing X-band marine radar images. The proposed method can provide technical and theoretical bases for emergency response, damage assessment, and liability identification of oil spills. C1 [Xu, Jin; You, Daming; Wang, Haixia] Dalian Maritime Univ, Nav Coll, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Cui, Can] Shenyang Aerosp Univ, Civil Aviat Coll, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Feng, Haiyang] Shanghai Maritime Safety Adm, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Li, Bo] Liaoning Reconnaissance Inst Hydrogeol & Engn Geo, Lab Dept, Dalian, Peoples R China. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Dalian Maritime Univ, Nav Coll, Dalian, Peoples R China. EM jinxu@dlmu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51709031]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3132018145]; Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Liaoning Province [201601069] FX This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 51709031]; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [grant number 3132018145]; the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Liaoning Province [grant number 201601069]. 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Forensics PY 2019 VL 20 IS 2 BP 196 EP 209 DI 10.1080/15275922.2019.1597781 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ID6MA UT WOS:000471791400008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Dar, BK Shah, MA Ul Islam, S Maple, C Mussadiq, S Khan, S AF Dar, Bilal Khalid Shah, Munam Ali Ul Islam, Saif Maple, Castren Mussadiq, Shafaq Khan, Suleman TI Delay-Aware Accident Detection and Response System Using Fog Computing SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Accident detection; fog computing; mobile edge computing; cloud computing; Internet of Things; emergency alerts; disaster management system ID SMARTPHONE AB Emergencies, by definition, are unpredictable and rapid response is a key requirement in emergency management. Globally, a significant number of deaths occur each year, caused by excessive delays in rescue activities. Vehicles embedded with sophisticated technologies, along with roads equipped with advanced infrastructure, can play a vital role in the timely identification and notification of roadside incidents. However, such infrastructure and technologically-rich vehicles are rarely available in less developed countries. Hence, in such countries, low-cost solutions are required to address the issue. Systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT) have begun to be used to detect and report roadside incidents. The majority of the systems designed for this purpose involve the use of the cloud to compute, manage, and store information. However, the centralization and remoteness of cloud resources can result in an increased delay that raises serious concerns about its feasibility in emergency situations; in life-threatening situations, all delays should be minimized where feasible. To address the problem of latency, fog computing has emerged as a middleware paradigm that brings the cloud-like resources closer to end devices. In light of this, the research proposed here leverages the advantages of sophisticated features of smartphones and fog computing to propose and develop a low-cost and delay-aware accident detection and response system, which we term Emergency Response and Disaster Management System (ERDMS). An Android application is developed that utilizes smartphone sensors for the detection of incidents. When an accident is detected, a plan of action is devised. Initially, a nearby hospital is located using the Global Positioning System (GPS). The emergency department of the hospital is notified about the accident that directs an ambulance to the accident site. In addition, the family contacts of the victim are also informed about the accident. All the required computation is performed on the nearby available fog nodes. Moreover, the proposed scheme is simulated using iFogSim to evaluate and compare the performance using fog nodes and cloud data centers. C1 [Dar, Bilal Khalid; Shah, Munam Ali] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Comp Sci, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan. [Ul Islam, Saif] Dr AQ Khan Inst Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Comp Sci, Rawalpindi 47320, Pakistan. [Maple, Castren] Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Mussadiq, Shafaq] Kohat Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Informat Technol, Kohat 26000, Pakistan. [Khan, Suleman] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch IT, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia. RP Ul Islam, S (reprint author), Dr AQ Khan Inst Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Dept Comp Sci, Rawalpindi 47320, Pakistan. EM saiflu2004@gmail.com OI Khan, Suleman/0000-0002-5725-6184 FU Alan Turing Institute under EPSRC [EP/N510129/1] FX This work was supported in part by the Alan Turing Institute under EPSRC Grant EP/N510129/1. 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Despite current scholarship focused on social media in disasters, early uses of social media as an extension of library services require further scrutiny. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recognized Hurricane Sandy as one of the earliest U.S. disasters in which first responders used social media. This study specifically examines early uses of Twitter by selected public libraries as an information tool during Sandy's aftermath. Results can inform uses of social media in library response to future disasters. C1 [Han, Sharon] Univ Illinois, Master Sci Lib & Informat Sci, Sch Informat Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Han, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Master Sci Lib & Informat Sci, Sch Informat Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. 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This article presents a study of the two categories of sensors namely optical and microwave which are used for remotely sensing the occurrence of disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, avalanches, tropical cyclones and suspicious movements. The remotely sensed data acquired either through satellites or through ground based-synthetic aperture radar systems could be used to avert or mitigate a disaster or to perform a post-disaster analysis. C1 [Vincent, Shweta] Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Inst Technol, Dept Mechatron Engn, Manipal, Karnataka, India. [Vincent, Shweta] Karunya Inst Technol & Sci, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Francis, Sharmila Anand John] King Khalid Univ, Abha, Saudi Arabia. [Raimond, Kumudha] Karunya Inst Technol & Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Kumar, Om Prakash] Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Manipal, Karnataka, India. 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J. Electron. Telecommun. PY 2019 VL 65 IS 2 BP 217 EP 228 DI 10.24425/ijet.2019.126304 PG 12 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA ID6OH UT WOS:000471797900010 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Agarwal, A Toshniwal, D AF Agarwal, Amit Toshniwal, Durga TI Face off: Travel Habits, Road Conditions and Traffic City Characteristics Bared Using Twitter SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Incident detection; social media; Named Entity Recognition; Part of Speech; hotspot detection; word embedding; transportation; Word2Vec AB The adequacy of traditional transport related issues detection is often limited by physical sparse sensor coverage and reporting incident/issues to the emergency response system is labor intensive. The social media tweet text have been mined so as to identify the complaints regarding various road transportation issues of traffic, accident, and potholes. In order to identify and segregate tweets related to different issues, keyword-based approaches have been used previously, but these methods are solely dependent on seed keywords which are manually given and these set of keywords are not sufficient to cover all tweets posts. So, to overcome this issue, a novel approach has been proposed that captures the semantic context through dense word embedding by employing word2vec model. However, the process of tweet segregation on the basis of semantic similar keywords may suffer from the problem of pragmatic ambiguity. To handle this, Word2Vec model has been applied to match the semantically similar tweets with respect to each category. Furthermore, the hotspots have been identified corresponding to each category. However, due to the scarcity of geo-tagged tweets, we have proposed a hybrid method which amalgamates Named Entity Recognition (NER), Part of speech (POS), and Regular Expression (RE) to extract the location information from the tweet textual content. Due to the lack of availability of the ground truth dataset, model feasibility has been validated from the existing data records (i.e., published by government official accounts and reported on news media) and the evaluation results signify that the stated approach identifies few additional hotspots as compared to the existing reports while analyzing the tweets. C1 [Agarwal, Amit; Toshniwal, Durga] ITT Roorkee, Dept CSE, Roorkee 247667, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Agarwal, A (reprint author), ITT Roorkee, Dept CSE, Roorkee 247667, Uttar Pradesh, India. 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First, crop pests and diseases account for a large proportion of crop disasters. Secondly, it is the main reason that restricts the production of high efficiency, high quality and high yield of crops. As a large agricultural country, crop pests and diseases occur in a wide variety and have a wide range of impacts, causing huge losses to China's grain production. In order to provide a basis for reasonable control of crop pests and diseases, it is necessary to timely identify the actual disaster situation of crops. In the traditional crop damage detection, due to the backwardness of technology, people have to use the method of visual observation to detect and occur the specific situation of crop pests and diseases and to judge the way of the outbreak of pests and diseases. The traditional method is not only a waste of time but also not very efficient, and the monitoring effect is not high. Therefore, in order to effectively increase the level of monitoring and accuracy, it is necessary to make rational use of hyperspectral remote sensing technology. In this paper, the common pests and diseases of rice are taken as the research object. The monitoring on the regional scale is the main line of research. The remote sensing satellite image data and the environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting small satellite images are used as data sets to study the remote sensing monitoring models and methods of rice pests and diseases. In this paper, a method of Remote Sensing Extraction of crop disaster information based on support vector machine is proposed. Firstly, according to the characteristics of different regions, each color component in visible light remote sensing image and near-infrared remote sensing image is extracted as the color feature of the corresponding region, and then the windowed image is added. 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PY 2019 VL 36 IS 3 BP 560 EP 570 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA ID6CR UT WOS:000471764700008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Aljehani, M Inoue, M AF Aljehani, Maher Inoue, Masahiro TI Performance Evaluation of Multi-UAV System in Post-Disaster Application: Validation by HITL Simulation SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Path planning evaluation; UAVs; mapping missions; disaster response; searching and rescue mission; flight plan design; hardware in the loop simulator ID DISASTER AB This paper proposes an evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) performance in the mapping of disaster-struck areas. Sendai city in Japan, which was struck by the Tohoku earthquake/tsunami disaster in 2011, was mapped using multi-heterogeneous UAV. Normal mapping and searching missions are challenging as human resources are limited, and rescue teams are always needed to participate in disaster response mission. Mapping data and UAV performance evaluation will help rescuers to access and commence rescue operations in disaster-affected areas more effectively. Herein, flight plan designs are based on the information recorded after the disaster and on the mapping capabilities of the UAVs. The numerical and statistical results of the mapping missions were validated by executing the missions on real-time flight experiments in a simulator and analyzing the flight logs of the UAVs. After considering many factors and elements that affect the outcomes of the mapping mission, the authors provide a significant amount of useful data relevant to real UAV modules in the market. All flight plans were verified both manually and in a hardware-in-the-loop simulator developed by the authors. Most of the existing simulators support only a single UAV feature and have limited functionalities such as the ability to run different models on multiple UAVs. The simulator demonstrated the mapping and fine-tuned flight plans on an imported map of the disaster. As revealed in the experiments, the presented results and performance evaluations can effectively distribute different UAV models in post-disaster mapping missions. C1 [Aljehani, Maher; Inoue, Masahiro] Shibaura Inst Technol, Saitama 3378570, Japan. RP Aljehani, M (reprint author), Shibaura Inst Technol, Saitama 3378570, Japan. EM nb16507@shibaura-it.ac.jp OI aljehani, maher/0000-0001-6451-6741 FU JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [JP15k00929, JP19K0315] FX This work was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI under Grant JP15k00929 and Grant JP19K0315. CR Adams S. 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Design/methodology/approach This paper is an analysis of RPA strong points. Findings To increase the accuracy and eliminate potentially false contamination detection, which can be caused by external factors, an oil thickness measurement algorithm is used with the help of the multispectral imaging that provides high accuracy and is versatile for any areas of water and various meteorological and atmospheric conditions. Research limitations/implications SWOT analysis of implementation of RPA for remote sensing of oil spills. Practical implications The use of RPA will improve the remote sensing of oil spills. Social implications The concept of oil spills monitoring needs to be developed for quality data collection, oil pollution control and emergency response. Originality/value The research covers the development of a method and design of a device intended for taking samples and determining the presence of oil contamination in an aquatorium area; the procedure includes taking a sample from the water surface, preparing it for transportation and delivering the sample to a designated location by using the RPA. The objective is to carry out the analysis of remote oil spill sensing using RPA. The RPA provides a reliable sensing of oil pollution with significant advantages over other existing methods. The objective is to analyze the use of RPA employing all of their strong points. In this paper, technical aspects of sensors are analyzed, as well as their advantages and limitations. C1 [Urbahs, Aleksandrs; Zavtkevics, Vladislavs] Riga Tech Univ, Inst Aeronaut, Riga, Latvia. RP Zavtkevics, V (reprint author), Riga Tech Univ, Inst Aeronaut, Riga, Latvia. 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PY 2019 VL 91 IS 4 BP 648 EP 653 DI 10.1108/AEAT-12-2017-0273 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA IA2GX UT WOS:000469380700010 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, GQ Zhao, J Murray, V Song, C Zhang, LC AF Li, Guoqing Zhao, Jing Murray, Virginia Song, Carol Zhang, Lianchong TI Gap analysis on open data interconnectivity for disaster risk research SO GEO-SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Open data; interconnectivity; gap analysis; disaster risk ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NUCLEAR TEST AB Open data strategies are being adopted in disaster-related data particularly because of the need to provide information on global targets and indicators for implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. In all phases of disaster risk management including forecasting, emergency response and post-disaster reconstruction, the need for interconnected multidisciplinary open data for collaborative reporting as well as study and analysis are apparent, in order to determine disaster impact data in timely and reportable manner. The extraordinary progress in computing and information technology in the past decade, such as broad local and wide-area network connectivity (e.g. Internet), high-performance computing, service and cloud computing, big data methods and mobile devices, provides the technical foundation for connecting open data to support disaster risk research. A new generation of disaster data infrastructure based on interconnected open data is evolving rapidly. There are two levels in the conceptual model of Linked Open Data for Global Disaster Risk Research (LODGD) Working Group of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA), which is the Committee on Data of the International Council for Science (ICSU): data characterization and data connection. In data characterization, the knowledge about disaster taxonomy and data dependency on disaster events requires specific scientific study as it aims to understand and present the correlation between specific disaster events and scientific data through the integration of literature analysis and semantic knowledge discovery. Data connection concepts deal with technical methods to connect distributed data resources identified by data characterization of disaster type. In the science community, interconnected open data for disaster risk impact assessment are beginning to influence how disaster data are shared, and this will need to extend data coverage and provide better ways of utilizing data across domains where innovation and integration are now necessarily needed. C1 [Li, Guoqing; Zhao, Jing; Zhang, Lianchong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Key Lab Digital Earth Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Guoqing] Hainan Key Lab Earth Observat, Sanya, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Jing; Zhang, Lianchong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Murray, Virginia] Publ Hlth England, Hlth & Social Care, London, England. [Song, Carol] Purdue Univ, Rosen Ctr Adv Comp, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. 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Inf. Sci. PY 2019 VL 22 IS 1 BP 45 EP 58 DI 10.1080/10095020.2018.1560056 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA IA9AG UT WOS:000469849200005 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ateeq, M Ishmanov, F Afzal, MK Naeem, M AF Ateeq, Muhammad Ishmanov, Farruh Afzal, Muhammad Khalil Naeem, Muhammad TI Predicting Delay in IoT Using Deep Learning: A Multiparametric Approach SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Delay prediction; deep learning; e-health; internet of things; multi-layer neural networks; wireless sensor networks ID WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS; METRICS AB The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) requires to accommodate diverse applications with stringent performance requirements. Delay is one of the key metrics in the IoT, particularly, for domains, such as health care, where critical cases requiring an emergency response frequently occur. In this paper, we analyze the performance data generated using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard to derive an accurate predictive model for delay-sensitive applications. A deep neural network (DNN) is adopted to model the relationship between diverse communication parameters (e.g., queue size, application traffic rate, and transmission power) and delay. Evaluation reveals that the DNN model achieves a prediction accuracy of over 98% and outperforms other popular regression models. In addition, a fine-grained analysis of the size of training data, depth (number of layers), width (number of neurons per layer), and epochs (number of iterations) is carried out in an attempt to achieve best possible prediction results with minimally complex DNN. The statistics show that the derived model achieves a comparable accuracy even when trained with a small fraction (>= 10%) of data. The proposed model recommends the values for different controllable communication parameters to the transmitter that can be fine-tuned considering the desired delay bounds. C1 [Ateeq, Muhammad; Afzal, Muhammad Khalil] COMSATS Univ Islamabad Wah Cantonment, Dept Comp Sci, Wah Cantonment 47040, Pakistan. [Ishmanov, Farruh] Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Seoul 01897, South Korea. [Naeem, Muhammad] COMSATS Univ Islamabad Wah Cantonment, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wah Cantonment 47040, Pakistan. RP Ishmanov, F (reprint author), Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Seoul 01897, South Korea. EM farruh.uzb@gmail.com OI Ishmanov, Farruh/0000-0002-7378-8009 FU Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2019 FX This research was funded by the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2019. CR Akbas A, 2019, WIREL NETW, V25, P3405, DOI 10.1007/s11276-018-1808-y Al-Anbagi I, 2016, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V18, P525, DOI 10.1109/COMST.2014.2363950 Alkazzaz A., 2014, THESIS Ateeq M, 2019, SENSORS-BASEL, V19, DOI 10.3390/s19020309 Borges LM, 2014, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V16, P1860, DOI 10.1109/COMST.2014.2320073 Fei ZS, 2017, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V19, P550, DOI 10.1109/COMST.2016.2610578 Huang P, 2013, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V15, P101, DOI 10.1109/SURV.2012.040412.00105 Kulin M., 2017, P 2017 INT C EMB WIR, P214 Liu T., 2014, ACM T SENSOR NETWORK, V10, P37 Mainetti L., 2011, SOFTWARE TELECOMMUNI, P1 Noel AB, 2017, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V19, P1403, DOI 10.1109/COMST.2017.2691551 Rashid B, 2016, J NETW COMPUT APPL, V60, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.jnca.2015.09.008 Rault T, 2014, COMPUT NETW, V67, P104, DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2014.03.027 Singh JP, 2014, EGYPT INFORM J, V15, P105, DOI 10.1016/j.eij.2014.03.001 Strazdins G, 2013, J SENS ACTUAR NETW, V2, P509, DOI 10.3390/jsan2030509 Tuli H, 2016, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH INDIACOM - 2016 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING FOR SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT, P660 Whitelaw Gail, 2018, Int J Audiol, P1, DOI 10.1080/14992027.2018.1514471 Yuan DW, 2017, PERVASIVE MOB COMPUT, V37, P45, DOI 10.1016/j.pmcj.2016.10.001 Zhou XY, 2018, SENSORS-BASEL, V18, DOI 10.3390/s18051464 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2019 VL 7 BP 62022 EP 62031 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2915958 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA IA3LH UT WOS:000469464300001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nigusse, AG Adhanom, OG AF Nigusse, Amare Gebremedhin Adhanom, Okubay Gidey TI Flood Hazard and Flood Risk Vulnerability Mapping Using Geo-Spatial and MCDA around Adigrat, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia SO MOMONA ETHIOPIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Geo-spatial; Flood hazard; Flood risk; Vulnerability mapping; Adigrat town; Ethiopia ID MANAGEMENT AB In Ethiopia, urban floods incidents are becoming a serious problem in recent years. They are mainly associated with poorly designed urban drainage system and land use planning. Combined to it, lack of early warning system and organized flood disaster mitigation measures at national and local level further increases the gravity of the problem. Adigrat is one of the north Ethiopian towns which is frequently attacked by these floods. To understand and address the issue, a study was conducted around Adigrat town with the aim to spatially delineate the flood hazard and risk with the help of geo-spatial and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools. Baseline maps were developed using Landsat satellite images, DEM, aerial photographs, rainfall data and census population data. Different variables like slope, elevation, rainfall, water table, flow direction and flow accumulation, LULC, population density, building density and road density were considered for developing a model. After the data is collected and organized, Erdas Imagine and ArcGIS software were used to process and prepare the model, and finally weighted overlay model was adopted to stimulate the prototype. Each baseline maps was weighted against its impact since all factors have no the same importance. Accordingly, slope, LULC, elevations; and population density, flood hazard and LULC were found the most important factors. The flood risk areas are delineated based on flood hazard, LULC, population density, road and building density. The results indicate that the Kebeles03, 04 and 05 (center of the town) with flat slopes, low altitudes, more population and significant amount of built up area are found to be the most vulnerable for flood hazard. On the other hand, the Kebeles 01, 02 and 06 lying southwest and west of the study area are least affected by flood due to steep topography and high altitudes. It is suggested that similar type of inter-disciplinary studies are essential to minimize the damages and assure sustainable urban development. C1 [Nigusse, Amare Gebremedhin] Mekelle Univ, Inst Geoinformat & Earth Observat Sci, Mekelle, Ethiopia. [Adhanom, Okubay Gidey] Mekelle Univ, Coll Dry Land Agr & Nat Resource, Mekelle, Ethiopia. RP Nigusse, AG (reprint author), Mekelle Univ, Inst Geoinformat & Earth Observat Sci, Mekelle, Ethiopia. EM amarenigusse@gmail.com FU Adigrat Water Supply, Adigrat Municipality; Mekelle University FX The author would like to extend his appreciation to Adigrat Water Supply, Adigrat Municipality and Mekelle University for providing data and financial support to accomplish the project activities. 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J. Sci. PY 2019 VL 11 IS 1 BP 90 EP 107 DI 10.4314/mejs.v11i1.6 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA IA8DI UT WOS:000469787700006 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhao, XL Miers, I Green, M Mitrani-Reiser, J AF Zhao, Xilei Miers, Ian Green, Matthew Mitrani-Reiser, Judith TI Modeling the cybersecurity of hospitals in natural and man-made hazards SO SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE Emergency preparedness; cybersecurity; cyberinfrastructure; fault tree analysis; electronic medical records ID RESILIENCE; SYSTEM AB Hospital cybersecurity has become a growing concern with an increasing number of cyberattacks against hospitals and health care facilities. We aim to tackle this issue by developing a model to capture the vulnerabilities of cyber capabilities of hospitals during hazards and proposing novel techniques to address the vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel technique, called self-protecting electronic medical records (EMRs), to provide Medical Records Services in hospitals with higher cyber capabilities against communications failure and cyber terrorism. We use fault tree analysis, a top-down deductive risk assessment tool, to analyze the failure mechanism of Medical Records Services in hospitals with and without using the self-protecting EMR technique against hazards. This work provides a refined understanding of the interactions between cyberinfrastructure and hospital functioning in natural and man-made hazards, and contributes to preventing cascading failures in hospital functionality and enhancing resilience of health care systems and communities. C1 [Zhao, Xilei; Mitrani-Reiser, Judith] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Zhao, Xilei] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. 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PY 2019 VL 4 IS 1 BP 36 EP 49 DI 10.1080/23789689.2018.1448666 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA IB0WI UT WOS:000469982400003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ilo, PI Ngwuchukwu, M Michael-Onuoha, HC Segun-Adeniran, C AF Ilo, Promise Ifeoma Ngwuchukwu, Margaret Michael-Onuoha, Happiness Chijioke Segun-Adeniran, Chidi TI Challenges of disaster training: implication for federal and state university libraries in Nigeria SO DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Nigeria; University libraries; Disaster management; Disaster training challenges; Disaster training programmes; Federal and state university libraries; Disaster training ID ACADEMIC-LIBRARIES; PREPAREDNESS AB Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the challenges affecting disaster training in federal and state university libraries in Southwest Nigeria with a view to finding ways of overcoming them. Design/methodology/approach Having adopted the descriptive research design, 14 university libraries (seven each of federal and state) were selected from the Southwest geo-political zone of Nigeria. The total enumeration sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire and interview methods were used for data collection. The three research questions that guided the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and ranking. Judgments were drawn using real limit of numbers and 2.50 as criterion mean. Findings Results emanated from the study showed that university libraries in the studied region are more equipped to fight fire disaster than any other emergency which is why fire drills and exercises are the prevailing disaster training received by library staff. It was also found that inadequate disaster facilities and equipment as well as poor funding were the greatest challenges confronting disaster training. The provision of adequate disaster facilities and equipment with the constitution of disaster prevention and response team was found as the most potent strategy for addressing the identified challenges. Originality/value The study lends strong empirical evidence for the underlining factors affecting disaster training in federal and state university libraries as well as academic libraries in general. The strategies for addressing the identified challenges are of more significance. C1 [Ilo, Promise Ifeoma; Michael-Onuoha, Happiness Chijioke; Segun-Adeniran, Chidi] Covenant Univ, Ctr Learning Resources, Univ Lib, Ota, Nigeria. [Ngwuchukwu, Margaret] Univ Nigeria, Dept Lib & Informat Sci, Nsukka, Nigeria. RP Ilo, PI (reprint author), Covenant Univ, Ctr Learning Resources, Univ Lib, Ota, Nigeria. 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Manag. PY 2019 VL 28 IS 3 BP 332 EP 342 DI 10.1108/DPM-05-2018-0175 PG 11 WC Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Management SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Business & Economics GA HZ7CW UT WOS:000469010400004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kekic, D Milenkovic, M Cudan, A AF Kekic, Dalibor Milenkovic, Milos Cudan, Aleksandar TI The Use of an Adjusted Transportation Model, for Optimizing Provision of International Help, in Case of Emergency Situations SO ACTA POLYTECHNICA HUNGARICA LA English DT Article DE costs; model; disasters; emergency situations; international help AB This paper focuses on finding a model to optimize the provision for international emergency help, for emergencies caused by natural or man-made disasters. Nowadays, natural and man-made disasters occur more often than before, possibly, due to climate change, industrial activity, urbanization and migration of people. The national institutions for protection and rescue, in many cases, when the emergency situation is declared, cannot often cope and need help. The international organizations have recognized needs to develop mechanisms, which can be used to help affected countries. Examples are European mechanisms for civil protection and numerous guidelines from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). If the affected country cannot solve the problems and minimize risks for their citizens, material and cultural heritage, Governments send an official request to International Organizations, to obtain different kinds of international help as quickly as possible. However, the problems can appear with costs and other needed resources for providing international help, in terms of country's distance which could provide help or duplication of resources that should be available. Currently, International Organizations do not have the documents, guidelines or software to be used for an emergency, when they have to make optimal decisions, concerning which country will provide help. This can be recognized as a main research gap, which is addressed by this paper. This paper uses operational research, to develop an adjusted transportation model, for optimizing the provision of international help in emergency situations. The main goal of this paper is to find useful solutions for those responsible for emergency management in making decisions for providing help to affected countries. Moreover, we aim to develop a model that will facilitate the appropriate disposition of human and material resources to an affected country in experiencing a disaster. The applied method involves an application of an adjusted transportation model for the case study, based on a real emergency situation during the May floods of 2014, in the Republic of Serbia. Having this in mind, the authors try to provide general results and a model, with a recommendation of how the model can be applied to any emergency situation in the world. The applicability is obvious for the activities of international organizations responsible for emergency management. C1 [Kekic, Dalibor; Cudan, Aleksandar] Univ Criminal Invest & Police Studies, Dept Police Sci, Cara Dusana 196, Zemun 11080, Serbia. [Milenkovic, Milos] Univ Belgrade, Fac Org Sci, Jove Ilica 154, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. RP Kekic, D (reprint author), Univ Criminal Invest & Police Studies, Dept Police Sci, Cara Dusana 196, Zemun 11080, Serbia. EM dalibor.kekic@kpu.edu.rs; mijatov51804@fon.bg.ac.rs; aleksandar.cudan@kpu.edu.rs FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia; [47017] FX Paper is result of research within the project No. 47017 Security and protection of organization and functioning of the educational system in the Republic of Serbia (basic precepts, principles, protocols, procedures and means) realized on the Faculty of Security Studies in Belgrade and financed by Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia. CR Afroz S., 2015, DHAKA U J SCI, V63, P1 Balcik B, 2008, INT J LOGIST-RES APP, V11, P101, DOI 10.1080/13675560701561789 Baraka JCM, 2017, S AFR J IND ENG, V28, P46, DOI 10.7166/28-2-1311 Chan H. H., 2015, INT J BIG DATA, V2 Jonsson P., 2005, LARAN EFFEKTIVA MATE Milenkovic M., 2015, INSARAG NATURAL DISA, P46 Mladjan D., 2007, NBP J CRIMINALISTICS, V12, P61 Palfi J, 2016, ACTA POLYTECH HUNG, V13, P195 Pan American Health Organization, 1999, HUM ASS DIS SIT GUID Safeer M, 2014, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V97, P2248, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.469 Shapiro D. R., 1985, LOGISTICS STRATEGY C Sorensen Jan, 2006, NATURAL HAZARDS DISA, P16 Stevanovic O, 2016, ACTA POLYTECH HUNG, V13, P155, DOI 10.12700/APH.13.5.2016.5.9 Stevenson W., 2006, INTRO MANAGEMENT SCI The European Commission, 2017, EU CIV PROT ECH FACT The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, 2008, ADV MAN ACC TRANSP P The United Nations, 2016, OCHA BROCH UNDP European Commission and World Bank, 2014, SER FLOODS NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUDAPEST TECH PI BUDAPEST PA BECSI UT 96-B, BUDAPEST, H-1034, HUNGARY SN 1785-8860 J9 ACTA POLYTECH HUNG JI Acta Polytech. Hung. PY 2019 VL 16 IS 3 BP 187 EP 206 DI 10.12700/APH.16.3.2019.3.10 PG 20 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA HZ4XA UT WOS:000468853500010 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jeon, YJ Kang, SJ AF Jeon, Yeong Jun Kang, Soon Ju TI Wearable Sleepcare Kit: Analysis and Prevention of Sleep Apnea Symptoms in Real-Time SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Wearable device; healthcare; sleep apnea; hypopnea; body-area network ID POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; VALIDATION; CPAP; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENT; ACCIDENTS; QUALITY; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), although it is a common symptom for ordinary people, is a serious issue in that it can lead to chronic and degenerative brain disease. However, these sleep disorders and apnea symptoms are difficult to diagnose at home or to recognize and cope with severe apnea situations. In response to this, we developed a Sleepcare Kit, an integrated wearable device. The Sleepcare Kit is a wearable distributed system in which the PAAR band and the bio-cradle are combined in the form of a hot plug-in without pre-setting. The PAAR band serves as a gateway for wireless communication with external devices and adjusts initial setting values for various sensors of the bio-cradle. Bio-cradle continuously measures/stores multiple bio-signals (PPG/SPO2, respiration, 3axis-acc, and body temperature) and analyzes the signal data to determine sleep quality and emergency situation in real-time. Although it is a set of small wearable devices, the kit itself diagnoses sleep quality on a real-time base without any external computing assistance while he/she is asleep. Simultaneously, it analyzes the gathered hypopnea and apnea data in real time and calculates the apnea risk phase. Moreover, according to the apnea risk phase, it can inform the wearer or guardian about the danger through the smartphone or smart-speaker. In this paper, we will discuss the algorithm that is used for the detection of sleep apnea in Sleepcare Kit, as well as the software platform for continuous measurement and synchronization of various bio-signals in real time. Moreover, we evaluated the accuracy of the system by comparing the obtained results with the polysomnography equipment used in hospitals. C1 [Jeon, Yeong Jun; Kang, Soon Ju] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea. RP Kang, SJ (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea. EM sjkang@ee.knu.ac.kr OI YeongJun, Jeon/0000-0001-7465-5999 FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025109]; Kyungpook National University Development Project Research Fund, 2018 FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025109), and in part by the Kyungpook National University Development Project Research Fund, 2018. 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A multi-objective mixed-integer programming model that incorporates the characteristics of diurnal population shifts is developed to determine the configuration of the integrated emergency shelter and medical network. An accelerated Benders decomposition algorithm is then devised to solve large-scale problems in reasonable time. A realistic case study on the Xuhui District of Shanghai City in China and extensive numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution method. Computational results suggest that more emergency shelters and emergency medical centers should be established when accounting for diurnal population shifts than when diurnal population shifts are not considered. The accelerated Benders decomposition algorithm is significantly more time efficient as compared with the CPLEX solver. C1 [Hu, Qing-Mi; Zhao, Laijun] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Antai Coll Econ & Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China. 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PY 2019 VL 51 IS 6 BP 614 EP 637 DI 10.1080/24725854.2018.1519744 PG 24 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HY6LJ UT WOS:000468241500004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Santos, L Sicilia, MA Garcia-Barriocanal, E AF Santos Santos, Leopoldo Sicilia, Miguel-Angel Garcia-Barriocanal, Elena TI Ontology-Based Modeling of Effect-Based Knowledge in Disaster Response SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON SEMANTIC WEB AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Adverse Events; Decision Support System; Disaster Management; Disaster Response; Emergency Management; Emergency Response Systems; Ontology; Situation Awareness ID MANAGEMENT; REPRESENTATION AB Emergency response and management requires the coordination of agencies and different services in a complex evolving situation. This in turn, requires diverse models representing detailed knowledge about the types of adverse events, their potential impact and the means and resources that are best suited for an effective response. The basic formal infrastructure incident assessment ontology (BFiaO) is oriented towards fulfilling these needs. BFiaO is a meta-model for handling infrastructure-related situations, but it did not provide models for a catalogue of adverse events and the means necessary for an adequate response. In this article, the authors present the key ontological commitments required for developing BFiaO-based extensible typologies of adverse events that are driven by the effects rather than by other aspects such as causes, or facilities affected. The model of a concrete case study is then presented that connects adverse event types to the kind of actions and resources required for mitigation. C1 [Santos Santos, Leopoldo] Univ Alcala de Henares, Henares, Spain. 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But previous works on backup datacenter placement have not jointly considered these two factors from the viewpoint of traffic engineering and might result in the unnecessary loss in case of disaster. In this paper, with the global view of network resources in the software defined network scenarios, we propose a new disaster-and-evacuation-aware backup datacenter placement strategy. To reduce backup loss risk and apply rapid post-disaster evacuation, we jointly consider expected disaster loss and evacuation latency and formulate a new disaster-and-evacuation-aware facility location problem (NP-hard) which is multi-objective. To obtain the solution according to the disaster situation assessment, we propose a disaster-and-evacuation-aware multi-objective optimization algorithm. We optimize multiple objectives owning different coefficients in different disaster situations. We introduce location-output-capability, backup-evacuation-latency, Pareto-recommendation-degree, and node-damage-loss to guide solution searching. We prune the external set according to fitness-deviation-ratio to improve convergence speed and computation efficiency of the algorithm. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our algorithm is efficient and promising with less expected disaster loss and higher evacuation capability simultaneously. C1 [Li, Xiaole; Yi, Shanwen; Jiang, Chuanqi] Shandong Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hua] Shandong Univ, Sch Software, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Liu, Shuai] Beihang Univ, Sch Comp, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Zhai, Linbo] Shandong Normal Univ, Sch Informat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250014, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Sch Software, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM wanghua@sdu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 61672323]; Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University [2017JC043]; Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province [2017GGX10122, 2017GGX10142] FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant NSFC 61672323, in part by the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University under Grant 2017JC043, and in part by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province under Grant 2017GGX10122 and Grant 2017GGX10142. 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Proceedings: LNCS 10393, P99, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-65482-9_7 Zhou A, 2017, IEEE T SERV COMPUT, V10, P902, DOI 10.1109/TSC.2016.2519898 2014, J LIGHTW TECHNOL, V32, P3175, DOI DOI 10.1109/JLT.2014.2334713 2012, J LIGHTW TECHNOL, V30, P2563, DOI DOI 10.1109/JLT.2012.2201696 2013, IEEE COMMUN SURV TUT, V15, P909, DOI DOI 10.1109/SURV.2012.090512.00043 2015, J LIGHTW TECHNOL, V33, P3005, DOI DOI 10.1109/JLT.2015.2425303 2015, IEICE T INF SYST, V98, P1493, DOI DOI 10.1587/TRANSINF.2014EDP7439 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2019 VL 7 BP 48196 EP 48208 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909084 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HX1QT UT WOS:000467168900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shah, SA Seker, DZ Hameed, S Draheim, D AF Shah, Syed Attique Seker, Dursun Zafer Hameed, Sufian Draheim, Dirk TI The Rising Role of Big Data Analytics and IoT in Disaster Management: Recent Advances, Taxonomy and Prospects SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Big data analytics; data sources; disaster communications; disaster management; Internet of Things; reference model; taxonomy ID CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL-NETWORK; DESIGN SCIENCE; INFORMATION; INTERNET; COMMUNICATION; SYSTEMS; THINGS; TECHNOLOGIES; ARCHITECTURE; SERVICE AB The recent development of big data analytics (BDA) and the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies create a huge opportunity for both disaster management systems and disaster-related authorities (emergency responders, police, public health, and fire departments) to acquire state-of-the-art assistance and improved insights for accurate and timely decision-making. The motivation behind this research is to pave the way for effective utilization of the available opportunities that the BDA and IoT collaboratively offer to predict, understand and monitor disaster situations. Most of the conventional disaster management systems lack the support for multiple new data sources and real-time big data processing tools that can assist decision makers with quick and accurate results. This paper highlights the importance of BDA and IoT for disaster management and investigates recent studies directed towards the same. We classify a thematic taxonomy with several related attributes and inspect the prevalent solutions to propose a conceptual reference model for the deployment of BDA- and IoT-based disaster management environments. The reference model with its proposed integrated parameters can provide guidelines to harvest, transmit, manage, and analyze disaster data from various data sources to deliver updated and valuable information for disaster management. We also enumerate some important use cases from a disaster management perspective. Finally, we highlight the main research challenges that need to be addressed in such an important field of research. C1 [Shah, Syed Attique] Istanbul Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Shah, Syed Attique] Balochistan Univ Informat Technol Engn & Manageme, Dept Informat Technol, Quetta 87300, Pakistan. [Seker, Dursun Zafer] Istanbul Tech Univ, Civil Engn Fac, Dept Geomat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Hameed, Sufian] Natl Univ Comp & Emerging Sci, IT Secur Labs, Karachi 75160, Pakistan. [Draheim, Dirk] Tallinn Univ Technol, Informat Syst Grp, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. RP Shah, SA (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey.; Shah, SA (reprint author), Balochistan Univ Informat Technol Engn & Manageme, Dept Informat Technol, Quetta 87300, Pakistan. 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Kim, Karl Zhang, Guohui TI Segment-Based Approach for Assessing Hazard Risk of Coastal Highways in Hawai'i SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Hazards to roadways and travelers can be drastically different because hazards are largely dependent on the regional environment and climate. This paper describes the development of a qualitative method for assessing infrastructure importance and hazard exposure for rural highway segments in Hawai'i under different conditions. Multiple indicators of roadway importance are considered, including traffic volume, population served, accessibility, connectivity, reliability, land use, and roadway connection to critical infrastructures, such as hospitals and police stations. The method of evaluating roadway hazards and importance can be tailored to fit different regional hazard scenarios. It assimilates data from diverse sources to estimate risks of disruption. A case study for Highway HI83 in Hawai'i, which is exposed to multiple hazards, is conducted. Weakening of the road by coastal erosion, inundation from sea level rise, and rockfall hazards require adaptation solutions. By analyzing the risk of disruption to highway segments, adaptation approaches can be prioritized. Using readily available geographic information system data sets for the exposure and impacts of potential hazards, this method could be adapted not only for emergency management but also for planning, design, and engineering of resilient highways. C1 [Togia, Harrison; Francis, Oceana P.; Zhang, Guohui] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Kim, Karl] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Togia, H (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM togiah@hawaii.edu FU University of Hawai'i National Disaster Preparedness Training Center; Hawai'i Department of Transportation [HWY-06-16]; University of Hawai'i Coastal Hydraulics Engineering Resilience (CHER) Lab; University of Hawai'i Pacific Southwest Region University Transportation Center FX The research in this paper is supported by the University of Hawai'i National Disaster Preparedness Training Center, which studies resilience and develops training courses for first responders and emergency managers, having trained more than 37,000 personnel across the nation. This research is also supported by the Hawai'i Department of Transportation HWY-06-16 and the University of Hawai'i Coastal Hydraulics Engineering Resilience (CHER) Lab. Student support for this research was also provided by the University of Hawai'i Pacific Southwest Region University Transportation Center. 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Udorah, Ifechukwu Maria TI Health-Care Workers' Perspectives on Preparedness of Health-Care Facilities for Outbreak of Communicable Diseases in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIC AB A high probability of another outbreak of communicable disease exists in sub-Saharan African countries, after the Ebola virus disease outbreak of 2014. Thus, health-care facility (HCF) preparedness for a prompt and effective response to disease outbreaks needs to be ascertained. In this study, Nigerian health-care workers' (HCWs) knowledge of preparedness, perception of the level of preparedness existing in these HCFs, militating factors, and possible ways to improve, were evaluated through qualitative data collection, using focus group discussion and in-depth interview. Among the 193 HCWs which participated in the study, the perception of 190 (98.4%) was that their HCFs were insufficiently equipped to respond to disease outbreaks. None of the facilities had an emergency operation unit (EOU). Most HCWs perceived preparedness as observation of universal precautions. Other aspects of preparedness, such as training, routine emergency drills, disease surveillance, waste management, and design and location of HCFs were minimally mentioned. None of the participants had undergone any form of emergency drill training. A mong the suggestions of how to improve on preparedness were immunization of staff, improved inter-departmental communication within the HCF, and routine training. The overall poor level of preparedness which exists in the HCFs means that they cannot prevent or contain a communicable disease outbreak. There is a need to improve universal precautions, communication within the HCFs, and routine interpretation of surveillance data by epidemiologists. There is also a need for the establishment of EOU in every HCF, a system that responds to, and manages emergency response to disease outbreaks, which also must be functional during non-outbreak periods. C1 [Ughasoro, Maduka D.] Univ Nigeria, Dept Paediat, Enugu Campus,POB 1093, Enugu 400001, Nigeria. [Esangbedo, Dorothy O.] Providence Hosp, Paediat Div, Lagos, Nigeria. [Udorah, Ifechukwu Maria] Annunciat Specialist Hosp, Enugu, Nigeria. RP Ughasoro, MD (reprint author), Univ Nigeria, Dept Paediat, Enugu Campus,POB 1093, Enugu 400001, Nigeria. 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J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PY 2019 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1022 EP 1028 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0404 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA HW9UV UT WOS:000467037100041 PM 30652657 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yuan, RF Ni, JX Zhou, QF AF Yuan, Ruifeng Ni, Jinxin Zhou, Qifeng TI Generating Multimedia Storyline for Effective Disaster Information Awareness SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Storyline; disaster management; generative adversarial networks; convolutional neural networks AB Storyline generation has emerged to be an effective method to describe the evolution of disaster. However, due to the temporal-spatial, heterogeneous, and information overload, most of the existing storylines are only based on textual data and deliver limited information. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for generating multimedia storylines to provide more concise and vivid information and deeper understanding of real-time events. We first adopt generative adversarial networks to implement an unsupervised bilingual document summarizing model. Then, we transform image and text incorporation problem into a multi-label learning problem and use convolutional neural networks to train a classification model. And finally, the bilingual documents and images are jointly summarized and embedded into a two-layer storyline generating framework. The experiments on real Hurricane data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in each level and the overall framework. C1 [Zhou, Qifeng] Xiamen Univ, Automat Dept, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. Xiamen Univ, Shenzhen Res Inst, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, QF (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Automat Dept, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. EM zhouqf@xmu.edu.cn OI Zhou, qifeng/0000-0003-3583-6943 FU Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Program, China [JCYJ20170307141019252]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Fujian Province [2017J01118] FX This work was supported in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Program, China, under Grant JCYJ20170307141019252, and in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China, under Grant 2017J01118. 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Al-Fuqaha, Ala Dou, Zuochao Almaita, Eyad Khalil, Issa Othman, Noor Shamsiah Khreishah, Abdallah Guizani, Mohsen TI Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): A Survey on Civil Applications and Key Research Challenges SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Civil infrastructure inspection; delivery of goods; precision agriculture; real-time monitoring; remote sensing; search and rescue; security and surveillance; UAVs; wireless coverage ID SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING; HIGH-ALTITUDE PLATFORMS; POWER-LINE INSPECTION; POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; COLLISION-AVOIDANCE; OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE; VEGETATION INDEXES; WIRELESS SENSOR AB The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is growing rapidly across many civil application domains, including real-time monitoring, providing wireless coverage, remote sensing, search and rescue, delivery of goods, security and surveillance, precision agriculture, and civil infrastructure inspection. Smart UAVs are the next big revolution in the UAV technology promising to provide new opportunities in different applications, especially in civil infrastructure in terms of reduced risks and lower cost. Civil infrastructure is expected to dominate more than $45 Billion market value of UAV usage. In this paper, we present UAV civil applications and their challenges. We also discuss the current research trends and provide future insights for potential UAV uses. Furthermore, we present the key challenges for UAV civil applications, including charging challenges, collision avoidance and swarming challenges, and networking and security-related challenges. Based on our review of the recent literature, we discuss open research challenges and draw high-level insights on how these challenges might be approached. C1 [Shakhatreh, Hazim] Yarmouk Univ, Dept Telecommun Engn, Irbid 21163, Jordan. [Sawalmeh, Ahmad H.; Othman, Noor Shamsiah] Univ Tenaga Nas, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Kajang 43000, Malaysia. [Sawalmeh, Ahmad H.] Northern Border Univ, Coll Engn, Elect Engn Dept, Ar Ar 73222, Saudi Arabia. [Al-Fuqaha, Ala] Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, CSE, ICT, Doha, Qatar. [Al-Fuqaha, Ala] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Dou, Zuochao] Novo Vivo Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. [Almaita, Eyad] Tafila Tech Univ, Dept Power & Mechatron Engn, Tafilah 66110, Jordan. [Khalil, Issa] HBKU, QCRI, Doha, Qatar. [Khreishah, Abdallah] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark Coll Engn, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Guizani, Mohsen] Univ Idaho, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Al-Fuqaha, A (reprint author), Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, CSE, ICT, Doha, Qatar.; Al-Fuqaha, A (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. 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TI VECTORS - VidEo Communication Through Opportunistic Relays and Scalable video coding SO SOFTWAREX LA English DT Article DE User-generated video content; Opportunistic communication; User mobility; Disruption tolerant network AB Crowd-sourced video distribution is frequently of interest in the local vicinity. In this paper, we present a software platform called VECTORS to transfer videos over opportunistic networks with adaptive quality encoding to achieve reasonable delay bounds. The video segments are transmitted between source and destination in a delay tolerant manner using the Nearby Connections Android library. VECTORS can be applied to multiple domains including farm monitoring, wildlife, environmental tracking, or disaster response scenarios. In addition to the software architecture of VECTORS, we also discuss basic results for the trial runs conducted within our institute and provide an empirical analysis of proposed architecture using simulation. (C) 2019 The Authors. 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M. Baharul Mitra, Archan TI Exploring the status of community information and training for disaster preparation and mitigation practices: an appraisal of 2013 flash flood in Uttarakhand SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE community information; disaster training and preparation; disaster mitigation; public-private partnership; information and communication; Uttarakhand flash flood 2013 ID KOTI-BANAL ARCHITECTURE; RECOVERY; LESSONS; REGION; INDIA AB The occurrence of natural disasters has become a major global problem. It poses serious threats to the concept of sustainable development. Over the last two decades, more than 1.3 million people and nearly two trillion dollars have been lost due to natural disasters. The paper discusses the status of disaster mitigation information systems during the Uttarakhand disaster of June 2013. The researchers have discussed the status of such actions taken by both Government and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) from a qualitative perspective. The Software Package for Social Science (SPSS) software was used for the analysis and the results are presented in descriptive statistical format. As many as (n = 1500) respondents were interviewed, out of which 80% respondents were ill-informed. Over 80% respondents were found to be untrained to respond in a disastrous situation. Hence, the researchers have proposed the use of better information and communication mediums with the assistance of public and private partnership (PPP model) to deal with disastrous situations in the future along with some indigenous methods. C1 [Khan, Asif; Islam, K. M. Baharul; Mitra, Archan] Indian Inst Management Kashipur, Ctr Excellence Publ Policy & Govt, Kashipur 244713, India. RP Khan, A (reprint author), Indian Inst Management Kashipur, Ctr Excellence Publ Policy & Govt, Kashipur 244713, India. 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PY 2019 VL 15 IS 2 BP 147 EP 165 DI 10.1504/IJEM.2019.099373 PG 19 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HW6QX UT WOS:000466816300003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Okdinawati, L Dwiputranti, MI Oktora, RA AF Okdinawati, Liane Dwiputranti, Made Irma Oktora, Raden Adriyani TI The role and multi parties interaction and coordination mechanism on disaster management SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE interaction; coordination; collaboration; disaster management; disaster parties; logistics; humanitarian relief; information sharing; information system; Indonesia ID SUPPLY CHAIN; HUMANITARIAN AB A disaster is a severe disruption event caused by nature's hazardous events or can have human origins. A disaster threatens and disrupts people's lives and livelihoods, and affects human casualties, environmental damage, property loss, and psychological impact. One disaster management aim is to assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims when a disaster happens. In this situation, it is necessary to coordinate external assistance that given by a wide range of bodies and organisations. Each of them has a different role, different interests, and different working methods. These roles and the interaction among the parties are used in this paper to develop the coordination structure as a joint effort in humanitarian relief operations. The coordination mechanism is proposed in order for the humanitarian relief operation to be done quickly, effectively, and efficiently. In this paper, the information system is also developed to minimise overlap and duplication of effort. C1 [Okdinawati, Liane] Inst Technol Bandung, Sch Business & Management, Jl Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia. [Dwiputranti, Made Irma; Oktora, Raden Adriyani] Polytech Pos Indonesia, Logist Business Dept, Jl Sariasih 54, Bandung 40151, West Java, Indonesia. 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PY 2019 VL 15 IS 2 BP 187 EP 204 DI 10.1504/IJEM.2019.099380 PG 18 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HW6QX UT WOS:000466816300005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU McAleavy, T Rhisiart, M AF McAleavy, Tony Rhisiart, Martin TI Harnessing the power of metaphor: uncovering a hidden language of interoperability within the natural speech of emergency managers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE emergency management; Command and Control; gold, silver and bronze; ICS; incident command system; interoperability; language; metaphor; organisations ID INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM; PREPAREDNESS AB This study harnesses the non-literal communicative power of metaphor to enable quicker transferal of rich detailed information within and across emergency management organisations to promote multi-agency interoperability. A series of inductive semi-structured interviews with emergency managers from the UK and USA were completed. The collated data was then analysed with content and metaphorical analysis to create two theories. First, the Trivial Pursuit Pie, a conceptual metaphor that demonstrates the interoperability problem whereby intrinsic barriers within Command and Control restrict interoperability. This metaphor can be used as a learning tool to heighten awareness of barriers to multi-agency interoperability in both academic and practitioner environments. Secondly, the theory of interoperability metaphors (TIM) provides a metaphor-based lexicon for interoperability grounded in the natural language of emergency managers. TIM stimulates interoperability through the recognition and usage of linguistic metaphors to develop shared meanings and understanding. C1 [McAleavy, Tony] Rabdan Acad, Fac Resilience, Dhafeer St,POB 114646, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Rhisiart, Martin] Univ South Wales, Fac Business & Soc, Pontypridd CG37 1DL, M Glam, Wales. 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PY 2019 VL 15 IS 1 BP 1 EP 25 PG 25 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HU9DE UT WOS:000465592600001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Park, SY Lee, DG Yoo, EJ Lee, DC AF Park, So-Young Lee, Dae Geon Yoo, Eun Jin Lee, Dong-Cheon TI Segmentation of LiDAR Data Using Multilevel Cube Code SO JOURNAL OF SENSORS LA English DT Article AB Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data collected from airborne laser scanning systems are one of the major sources of spatial data. Airborne laser scanning systems have the capacity for rapid and direct acquisition of accurate 3D coordinates. Use of LiDAR data is increasing in various applications, such as topographic mapping, building and city modeling, biomass measurement, and disaster management. Segmentation is a crucial process in the extraction of meaningful information for applications such as 3D object modeling and surface reconstruction. Most LiDAR processing schemes are based on digital image processing and computer vision algorithms. This paper introduces a shape descriptor method for segmenting LiDAR point clouds using a multilevel cube code that is an extension of the 2D chain code to 3D space. The cube operator segments point clouds into roof surface patches, including superstructures, removes unnecessary objects, detects the boundaries of buildings, and determines model key points for building modeling. Both real and simulated LiDAR data were used to verify the proposed approach. The experiments demonstrated the feasibility of the method for segmenting LiDAR data from buildings with a wide range of roof types. The method was found to segment point cloud data effectively. C1 [Park, So-Young] KT Hitel Co, ICT Business Unit, Seoul 07071, South Korea. [Lee, Dae Geon; Yoo, Eun Jin; Lee, Dong-Cheon] Sejong Univ, Dept Environm Energy & Geoinformat, Seoul 05006, South Korea. RP Lee, DC (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Dept Environm Energy & Geoinformat, Seoul 05006, South Korea. EM dclee@sejong.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2018R1D1A1B07048732] FX The authors would like to thank Professor Ayman Habib of the Department of Geomatics Engineering at the University of Calgary for providing airborne LiDAR data. Professor Habib is currently working at Purdue University. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education [2018R1D1A1B07048732]. 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PY 2019 AR 4098413 DI 10.1155/2019/4098413 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA HW1EJ UT WOS:000466425600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Rebeeh, YA Pokharel, S Abdella, GM Hammuda, AS AF Rebeeh, Yousuf A. Pokharel, Shaligram Abdella, Galal M. Hammuda, Abdelmagid S. TI Disaster Management in Industrial Areas: Perspectives, Challenges and Future Research SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT-JIEM LA English DT Article DE disaster response; emergency management; disaster situation; decision-making ID DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM; EMERGENCY RESPONSE; NATURAL DISASTERS; FUZZY AHP; MODEL; RELIEF; LOGISTICS; FRAMEWORK; LOCATION; REFLECTIONS AB Purpose: In most countries, development, growth, and sustenance of industrial facilities are given utmost importance due to the influence in the socio-economic development of the country. Therefore, special economic zones, or industrial areas or industrial cities are developed in order to provide the required services for the sustained operation of such facilities. Such facilities not only provide a prolonged economic support to the country but it also helps in the societal aspects as well by providing livelihood to thousands of people. Therefore, any disaster in any of the facilities in the industrial area will have a significant impact on the population, facilities, the economy, and threatens the sustainability of the operations. This paper provides review of such literature that focus on theory and practice of disaster management in industrial cities. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper, content analysis method is used in order to elicit the insights of the literature available. The methodology uses search methods, literature segregation and developing the current knowledge on different phases of industrial disaster management. Findings: It is found that the research is done in all phases of disaster management, namely, preventive phase, reactive phase and corrective phase. The research in each of these areas are focused on four main aspects, which are facilities, resources, support systems and modeling. Nevertheless, the research in the industrial cities is insignificant. Moreover, the modeling part does not explicitly consider the nature of industrial cities, where many of the chemical and chemical processing can be highly flammable thus creating a very large disaster impact. Some research is focused at an individual plant and scaled up to the industrial cities. The modeling part is weak in terms of comprehensively analyzing and assisting disaster management in the industrial cities. Originality/value: The comprehensive review using content analysis on disaster management is presented here. 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Ind. Eng. Manag.-JIEM PY 2019 VL 12 IS 1 BP 133 EP 153 DI 10.3926/jiem.2663 PG 21 WC Engineering, Industrial SC Engineering GA HU6QT UT WOS:000465406400009 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mansour, MAA Khadar, SDA Falqi, IIA AF Mansour, M. A. A. Khadar, S. D. A. Falqi, I. I. A. TI ANALYZING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE SAUDI ARABIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY SO APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE environmental laws implementation; statistical analysis; construction industry ID LEGITIMACY; SUSTAINABILITY; MANAGEMENT; AGREEMENTS; COMPANIES; GREEN AB Environmental protection requires adopting and implementing legal, economic, and societal procedures to limit the side effects of the massive real-estate and economic development in today's world. The purpose of this research was to investigate the implementation level of the eight main environmental laws affecting the construction industry in Saudi Arabia, and to identify the difficulties faced by practitioners to implement these laws. Using the descriptive analytical approach, this research described and analyzed the level of implementation of environmental laws using a Likert scale questionnaire distributed to 1000 organizations that work in 29 construction industry fields, in 13 Saudi Arabian regions. These questionnaires were filled out by engineers and professionals, authorized contractors, unauthorized contractors, individuals, and officials and owners. The one-way ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA) was applied to the data collected (at <0.05 level of significance), using SPSS Version 23.0 software. The overall environmental legitimacy implementation level in Saudi Arabia was found to be 2.95 out of 5.00 and a standard deviation of 1.13 indicating difficulties in defining the level for environmental legitimacy implementation in the construction industry. Results indicated that more attention was given to regulations related to the handling and disposal of radioactive materials, hazardous waste management, wastewater discharges, hazardous and dangerous substance compliance programs, environmental noise, general environmental requirements, air quality emissions, and external emergency planning with mean values of 3.23, 3.12, 3.10, 3.06, 3.05, 2.95, 2.80, and 2.75, respectively. Further investigation is required to evaluate internal auditing, accounting, and the availability of review teams regarding the environment in the industrial organizations in Saudi Arabia. C1 [Mansour, M. A. A.] Zagazig Univ, Coll Engn, Ind Engn Dept, Zagazig 44519, Egypt. [Mansour, M. A. A.; Khadar, S. D. 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Ecol. Environ. Res. PY 2019 VL 17 IS 2 BP 3781 EP 3802 DI 10.15666/aeer/1702_37813802 PG 22 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HR0PJ UT WOS:000462830400153 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Shah, A Ali, K Nizami, SM Jan, IU Hussain, I Begum, F AF Shah, Attaullah Ali, Karamat Nizami, Syed Moazzam Jan, Irfan U. Hussain, Iqtidar Begum, Farida TI Risk assessment of Shishper Glacier, Hassanabad Hunza, North Pakistan SO JOURNAL OF HIMALAYAN EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Glacier lake outburst; risk assessment; Shishper glacier; Hazard potential ID RIVER-BASIN; KARAKORAM AB Over the last five decades the Karakoram Glaciers has revealed irregular behavior and lack of stability. These anomalies lead surge of glaciers and the formation of glacier lakes, and now risk increasing in the context of climate change. The hazard associated with glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) has become an increasingly serious threat to the life, property, livelihoods and infrastructure in the Karakoram Mountains of Pakistan. Shishper Glacier Lake in the Shishper watershed areas of central Hunza in North Pakistan, after its latest activity has turned to a highly prone GLOF hazard. Shishper Glacier and Glacier Lake in the North Pakistan can be harmful to the downstream population and have large socioeconomic impacts if an outburst occurs. This study investigated the spatio-temporal changes in Shishper glacier and its glacial lake, and associated risk of potential GLOF hazard. Shishper glacier was assessed on the basis of field survey carried out in December 2018 combine with GIS and remote sensing data for morphometric, land cover change, physical vulnerability and temporal analysis of Shishper glacier. The Glacier has shown an anomalous behavior in the month of July 2018, no prominent lake was observed while in the month of November 2018 a lake with an area of 0.026 km2 was noticed. Similarly, in the month January, 2019 a prominent lake appeared with an area of 0.057 km2. The physical vulnerability results showed that 80% of the area of Hassanabad village is highly exposed to GLOFs hazard, whereas low lying areas along the Hunza River are also susceptible to inundation. The results show that there is immediate danger of catastrophic outburst through downward movement of the glacier. The study recommends the glacier has an anomalous behavior, it is necessary to monitor the glacier and Glacier Lake continuously, and minimize the adverse effects of potential GLOFs risk. We also recommend strong understanding the phenomenon of glaciers therefore, glacier lakes are very important in north Pakistan with respect to GLOF disaster management. 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Himal. Earth Sci. PY 2019 VL 52 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 PG 11 WC Geology SC Geology GA HR0QD UT WOS:000462832600001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Fei, WJ Jin, ZJ Ye, JN Divigalpitiya, P Sakai, T Wang, CK AF Fei, Wenjun Jin, Zhijia Ye, Jienan Divigalpitiya, Prasanna Sakai, Takeru Wang, Chengkang TI DISASTER CONSEQUENCE MITIGATION AND EVALUATION OF ROADSIDE GREEN SPACES IN NANJING SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE roadside green space; high-density urban area; disaster consequence mitigation and evacuation; green infrastructure; cluster analysis; Nanjing ID URBAN; ACCESSIBILITY; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT; MODEL; RISK; SERVICES; QUALITY; SYSTEM; CITY AB The extensive layout of roadside green spaces make them important green disaster mitigation nodes in high-density areas of any city; hence, further improvements in their disaster mitigation functions would make the urban disaster prevention system more effective. In the present research, different types of roadside green spaces in the Gulou district of Nanjing were identified to establish a highly efficient urban disaster refuge green space system. A total of 35 built-up roadside green spaces were employed as the study site, and for field investigation and statistical analysis, 21 factors were selected from the aspects of spatial form, functional facilities, and surrounding environment. According to their disaster mitigation abilities, cluster analysis classified these roadside green spaces into four categories: complete type, potential type, centralized type, and broad type. Finally, by analyzing the characteristics of different types of roadside green spaces, corresponding optimization strategies were proposed. In comparison to previous investigations, our study focused on the quantitative evaluation of disaster mitigation and risk protection function of roadside green spaces. In the future, the obtained results will serve as important scientific references to the planning and construction of green spaces in high-density areas of Nanjing, China. C1 [Fei, Wenjun; Jin, Zhijia; Wang, Chengkang] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Landscape Architecture, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ye, Jienan] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Art & Design, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Divigalpitiya, Prasanna] Kyushu Univ, Fac Human Environm Studies, Nishi Ku, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Sakai, Takeru] Kyushu Univ, Campus Planning Off, Nishi Ku, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. RP Fei, WJ (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Landscape Architecture, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM wjfei@njfu.edu.cn OI Wang, Chengkang/0000-0001-7659-2506 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [C161202] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. C161202. 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Environ. Eng. Landsc. Manag. PY 2019 VL 27 IS 1 BP 49 EP 63 DI 10.3846/jeelm.2019.9236 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HQ9SK UT WOS:000462767600006 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Jankovics, I Kale, U AF Jankovics, Istvan Kale, Utku TI Developing the pilots' load measuring system SO AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING AND AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Highly automated systems; Integrated micro sensors; Operators working environment; Passive operator; Pilots' loads ID SITUATION AWARENESS AB Purpose - The main purpose of this study is to introduce the pilots' load model and developed concept of load measuring system for operator load management. Design/methodology/approach - In future aeronautical system, the role of operators (pilots and air traffic controllers [ATCOs]) will be in transition from active controlling to passive monitoring. Therefore, the operators' load (task, information, work and mental) model was developed. There were developed measuring systems integrating into the pilot and ATCOs working environment eye tracking system outside measuring equipment. Operator load management was created by using the measurement. Findings - In future system depending on time and automation level, the role of information and mental load will be increased. In flight simulator practice, developed load management method serves as a good tool for improving the quality of pilot training. According to the test results, the load monitoring and management system increase the safety of operators' action in an emergency situation. Research limitations/implications - The developed method were tested in two flight simulators (one developed for scientific investigation and other one applied for pilot training) and ATM management laboratory. Practical implications - By deployment of the develop load monitoring and management system, the safety of aircraft flights and air transport management will be increased, especially in an emergency situation. Social implications - People and society's acceptance of future highly automated system will be increased. Originality value - The analysis focuses on the following: developing operator's load model as improved situation awareness model of Endsley, developing monitoring system integrated into operator's working environment, creating load management system. C1 [Jankovics, Istvan; Kale, Utku] Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Aeronaut Naval Architecture & Railway Vehicl, Budapest, Hungary. RP Kale, U (reprint author), Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Aeronaut Naval Architecture & Railway Vehicl, Budapest, Hungary. EM kaleutku@gmail.com FU Hungarian National Project - Human Resource Development Operative Programme (EFOP) titled "Investigation and Development of the Disruptive Technologies for E-mobility and their Integration into Engineering Education (IDEA-E)" [EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00014] FX This work was supported by the Hungarian National Project - Human Resource Development Operative Programme (EFOP) titled "Investigation and Development of the Disruptive Technologies for E-mobility and their Integration into Engineering Education (IDEA-E)". Contract number. EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00014, Budapest, Kecskemet, Szeged, 2017-2019. CR Al-Rahayfeh A, 2013, IEEE J TRANSL ENG HE, V1, DOI 10.1109/JTEHM.2013.2289879 Anders G., 2001, P 11 INT S AVIATION Austin R., 2010, UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SY, P365 Babcock Rochester J. S., 2004, P 2004 S EYE TRACK R, P109, DOI [10.1145/968363.968386, DOI 10.1145/968363.968386] Bos T., 2017, PILOT STUDY BIOBEHAV Cengiz A. 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Eng. Aerosp. Technol. PY 2019 VL 91 IS 2 BP 281 EP 288 DI 10.1108/AEAT-01-2018-0080 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA HQ4HZ UT WOS:000462372400010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Valecha, R Rao, HR Upadhyaya, SJ Sharman, R AF Valecha, Rohit Rao, H. Raghav Upadhyaya, Shambhu J. Sharman, Raj TI An Activity Theory Approach to Modeling Dispatch-Mediated Emergency Response SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Dispatch-Mediated Response; Conceptual Modeling Grammar; Activity Theory; Emergency Response; Community of Responders; Information Sharing ID DESIGN SCIENCE RESEARCH; INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; INTEGRATION; FOUNDATIONS; COGNITION; WORK AB Emergency response involves multiple local, state, and federal communities of responders. These communities are supported by emergency dispatch agencies that share digital traces of task-critical information. However, the communities of responders often comprise an informal network of people and lack structured mechanisms of information sharing. To standardize the exchange of task-critical information in communities of responders, we develop a conceptual modeling grammar We base the grammar on an activity-theory perspective and ground it in an analysis of emergency dispatch incident reports. The paper contributes to research in dispatch-mediated emergency response literature by (1) developing a framework of elements and relationships to support critical information flow within emergency communities of responders, (2) developing a conceptual modeling grammar for modeling emergency tasks in dispatch-mediated emergency response, and (3) implementing a prototype system to demonstrate the utility of the conceptual modeling grammar. C1 [Valecha, Rohit] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Informat Syst & Cyber Secur, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Rao, H. Raghav] Univ Texas San Antonio, Infrastruct Assurance & Secur, Coll Business, San Antonio, TX USA. [Upadhyaya, Shambhu J.] Univ Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA. [Sharman, Raj] Univ Buffalo, Management Sci & Syst Dept, Buffalo, NY USA. RP Valecha, R (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Informat Syst & Cyber Secur, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM rvalecha6446@gmail.com; mgmtrao@gmail.com; shambhu@cse.buffalo.edu; rsharman@buffalo.edu FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1241709, 1651475, 1724725]; School of Management at the University at Buffalo FX The authors would like to thank the editors and referees for their critical comments that have greatly improved the article. The authors would also like to thank all the emergency response experts for their great help in this research project. This research was funded by the NSF under grant #1241709 awarded to Drs. Upadhyaya and Rao. Dr. Valecha was also funded in part under NSF grant #1651475, and Dr. Rao was funded in part by NSF grant #1724725. Dr. Sharman was supported in part by a generous financial grant from the School of Management at the University at Buffalo. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Professor H.R. Rao is the corresponding author for this paper. 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Assoc. Inf. Syst. PY 2019 VL 20 IS 1 BP 33 EP 57 DI 10.17705/1jais.00528 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA HQ2YO UT WOS:000462269700002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Griffin, E Coote, A Crompvoets, J AF Griffin, Edward Coote, Andy Crompvoets, Joep TI A marine spatial data infrastructure in New Zealand: a systematic review on the cost-benefits SO JOURNAL OF SPATIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Marine spatial data infrastructure; hydrography; geospatial AB In the context of the New Zealand case, this paper presents a review of international studies that use cost-benefit analysis to estimate the economic effects of marine spatial data infrastructures (MSDIs.).Cost-benefit ratios for investing in MSDIs range between 1:2 and 1:18. Benefits arise from efficiency of data collection, improved risk assessment for navigation, more effective marine spatial planning, supporting of marine science, reduced mineral exploration costs and disaster management. The research provides evidence for investing in an MSDI in New Zealand and stimulates debate on the varying methods underpinning economic studies in the marine geospatial context. C1 [Griffin, Edward] Land Informat New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. [Coote, Andy] ConsultingWhere, St Albans, England. [Crompvoets, Joep] Univ Leuven, Publ Governance Inst, Leuven, Belgium. RP Griffin, E (reprint author), Land Informat New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand. EM egriffin@linz.govt.nz CR Australia New Zealand Land Information Council, 1996, SPAT DAT INFR AUSTR Barbera M., 2012, EC VALUATION HAURAKI Bradbury A.P., 2006, STRATEGIC REGIONAL C Brinkman G.L., 1992, BENEFIT COST ASSESSM Cellini S. 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Spat. Sci. PY 2019 VL 64 IS 1 BP 33 EP 47 DI 10.1080/14498596.2017.1372227 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HP6LR UT WOS:000461796500004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Vahidnia, MH Vafaeinejad, A Shafiei, M AF Vahidnia, Mohammad H. Vafaeinejad, Alireza Shafiei, Maryam TI Heuristic game-theoretic equilibrium establishment with application to task distribution among agents in spatial networks SO JOURNAL OF SPATIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Moving agents; game theory; Nash equilibrium; evolutionary algorithm; geospatial information system; network dataset ID SIMULATION; LOGISTICS; POLICIES AB In numerous applications such as fleet management, emergency response scheduling and moving advertisements there is a critical need for moving-agent planning in spatial networks. For agents that perform delegated tasks in a spatial network, efficient and fair scheduling is of paramount importance. In this study, we consider the planning and task distribution among such moving agents, based on the idea of pure Nash equilibria. We show at the beginning that the Nash equilibrium appears more applicable than traditional multi-objective optimisation. This issue will be challenged according to the dependency of moving agents on each other or contention among them affecting their pay-offs. Due to the high complexity of determining pure Nash equilibria, an efficient, non-deterministic, heuristic algorithm, inspired by evolutionary computations, is proposed and investigated for solving the problem in discrete spaces. Several experiments were conducted and perfectly acceptable convergence, accuracy, performance and stability were observed using this approach. C1 [Vahidnia, Mohammad H.; Shafiei, Maryam] Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Remote Sensing & GIS, Fac Environm & Energy, Tehran Sci & Res Branch, Tehran, Iran. 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EM vahidnia84@gmail.com RI Vahidnia, Mohammad H./Q-7943-2019; Vafaeinejad, Alireza/B-7121-2019 OI Vafaeinejad, Alireza/0000-0002-4359-7519 CR Ashlock DA, 2006, EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTA Barbarosoglu G, 2002, EUR J OPER RES, V140, P118, DOI 10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00222-3 Barbati M, 2012, EXPERT SYST APPL, V39, P6020, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.12.015 Behzadi S, 2013, ENG APPL ARTIF INTEL, V26, P2028, DOI 10.1016/j.engappai.2013.06.015 Bell JE, 2004, ADV ENG INFORM, V18, P41, DOI 10.1016/j.aei.2004.07.001 BENENSON I, 2004, COMPUTERS ENV URBAN, V28, P1, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0198-9715(02)00067-4 CASTLE CJE, 2006, 110 U COLL LOND CTR Dixit VV, 2014, TRANSPORT RES C-EMER, V48, P301, DOI 10.1016/j.trc.2014.09.002 Epstein J., 1996, GROWING ARTIFICIAL S Frank AU, 1996, INT J GEOGR INF SYST, V10, P269, DOI 10.1080/02693799608902079 Gagne D, 1997, EXPERT SYST APPL, V12, P141, DOI 10.1016/S0957-4174(96)00088-7 Ghoseiri K, 2010, APPL SOFT COMPUT, V10, P1096, DOI 10.1016/j.asoc.2010.04.001 Grandinetti L, 2012, COMPUT OPER RES, V39, P2300, DOI 10.1016/j.cor.2011.12.009 Grinberger AY, 2016, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V59, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2016.06.005 Hamam Y, 2000, EUR J OPER RES, V122, P509, DOI 10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00251-9 Leyton-Brown K., 2009, MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS A Marinakis Y, 2010, EXPERT SYST APPL, V37, P1446, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2009.06.085 Miller HJ, 2011, PROCD SOC BEHV, V21, DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.005 Osborne M., 2004, INTRO GAME THEORY Parker D. 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Spat. Sci. PY 2019 VL 64 IS 1 BP 131 EP 152 DI 10.1080/14498596.2017.1395773 PG 22 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HP6LR UT WOS:000461796500009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Van Brown, BL Kopak, AM Hinkel, HM AF Van Brown, Bethany Lee Kopak, Albert M. Hinkel, Hannah Marie TI A critical review examining substance use during the disaster life cycle SO DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Disaster; Substance use; Disaster resilience; Vulnerability; Disaster life cycle ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ALCOHOL-USE; DRUG-USE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; NEW-YORK; POPULATION; SEPTEMBER-11; ASSOCIATION; IMPACT; CITY AB Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to argue that substance use is a real risk for people who experience disaster, and especially so for socially vulnerable populations; second, to incorporate questions that help measure substance use during the disaster life cycle in pre-existing data sets. Design/methodology/approach The authors provide a critical review and discussion of what is missing from current drug use data sets, and how they could incorporate collection techniques for disaster stricken populations. The manuscript is not based on research but helps develop and test hypotheses. The authors are more discursive, and review philosophical discussions and comparative studies of other pre-existing data sets that collect substance use information. Findings Although it would take some effort to change these pre-existing national surveys, it could be done, which would allow researchers to collect much more extensive and informative data with regard to substance use during the disaster life cycle. Research limitations/implications This manuscript is a commentary/discussion piece that proposes ideas for improved data collection. Ideally, the authors would be able to test these updated surveys. Practical implications Improved data collection methods, and improved emergency response and recovery. Social implications Having the ability to collect these data will ultimately make communities more resilient. Originality/value The authors argue that the overlap of crime and disaster, in which substance use during the disaster life cycle falls, is an extremely understudied area. As the field of disaster studies continues to grow, the methodological and theoretical challenges of studying crime and disaster have prevented this sub-field from advancing. The authors wish to advance the discipline by pushing toward improved data collection during substance use during the disaster life cycle. C1 [Van Brown, Bethany Lee; Kopak, Albert M.] Western Carolina Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Criminol & Criminal Justice, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. [Hinkel, Hannah Marie] Western Carolina Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Psychol, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. RP Van Brown, BL (reprint author), Western Carolina Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Criminol & Criminal Justice, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. 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PY 2019 VL 28 IS 2 BP 171 EP 182 DI 10.1108/DPM-07-2018-0206 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Management SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Business & Economics GA HP3QM UT WOS:000461592300002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sao, M Watanabe, H Mush, AY Utsunomiya, A AF Sao, Masataka Watanabe, Hiroyuki Mush, Yuuichi a Utsunomiya, Akihiro TI Application of Digital Annealer for Faster Combinatorial Optimization SO FUJITSU SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB There are combinatorial optimization problems in our society selecting the best option from combinations of various factors, such as finding the best procedures in disaster recovery efforts and optimizing investment portfolios. In combinatorial optimization problems, the number of combinations increases exponentially as the number of factors increases, which makes it extremely time-consuming for general-purpose computers to solve certain problems within a realistic time frame. Research and development in quantum computing is underway in order to solve combinatorial optimization problems quickly. However, the current state of quantum computing is limited in terms of stable operation and the size of problems it can handle. Furthermore, quantum computing requires the conversion of a combinatorial optimization problem into an Ising model to solve it. Against this background, Fujitsu launched its Digital Annealer Service in May 2018. This is a new architecture inspired by quantum computing. This paper explains the technology to employ Digital Annealer to solve customers' real combinatorial optimization problems, namely, the formulation of real problems and the conversion to quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO). It also describes the initiatives at Fujitsu to leverage Digital Annealer in creating a new global computing market. C1 [Sao, Masataka; Watanabe, Hiroyuki; Mush, Yuuichi a; Utsunomiya, Akihiro] Fujitsu Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. RP Sao, M (reprint author), Fujitsu Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. CR Colwell R., 2015, HOT CHIPS, V27 Fujitsu, DIG ANN Harada F., 2016, INTRO DATA ANAL BASE, P45 Nishimori H., 2016, QUANTUM ANNEALER ACC, P70 Nozawa T., 2018, NIKKEI ELECT, V1188, P41 Tsukamoto S, 2017, FUJITSU SCI TECH J, V53, P8 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUJITSU LTD PI KAWASAKI PA 1015 KAMIKODANAKU NAKAHARA-KU, KAWASAKI, 211, JAPAN SN 0016-2523 J9 FUJITSU SCI TECH J JI Fujitsu Sci. Tech. J. PY 2019 VL 55 IS 2 BP 45 EP 51 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA HP5OQ UT WOS:000461726800008 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, MH Xu, JL Li, J Liu, XL Ru, H Sun, C AF Li, Menghui Xu, Jinliang Li, Jin Liu, Xingliang Ru, Han Sun, Chao TI A model for phased evacuations for disasters with spatio-temporal randomness SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Disaster planning; spatio-temporal randomness; phased evacuation; high-risk evacuation zone (HEZ) ID RISK AB This research presents an operable zoning approach for phased evacuations adapted to disasters with spatio-temporal randomness. As a criterion for prioritizing evacuation order, evacuation risk is formulated by taking into consideration the estimated residual evacuation horizon associated with the characteristics of the disaster, the estimated time-dependent capacities of outbound lanes related to network supply, and the time-dependent evacuation demand of an evacuation unit. The modeling of the subzone determined for phased evacuation is based on rescue demand, the characteristics of the disaster, and network supply, and is labeled as a high-risk evacuation zone (HEZ). The range of HEZ features a time-evolving pattern in accordance with phased evacuation. The zone partition paradigm can be seamlessly applied to different types of disasters, especially those with high spatio-temporal randomness. It also provides a generalizable approach for subzone partitioning in phased evacuation by minimizing evacuation risk. The proposed approach is examined on numerical experiments through the road network of Xi'an, China, the results of which highlight its strength in increased adaptability to the dynamics of disaster impact and improved performance in evacuation operation. C1 [Li, Menghui; Xu, Jinliang; Liu, Xingliang; Ru, Han] Changan Univ, Coll Highway Engn, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Jin] Shandong Transport Vocat Coll, Dept Highway & Architecture, Weifang, Peoples R China. [Sun, Chao] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Automot & Traff Engn, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Xu, JL (reprint author), Changan Univ, Coll Highway Engn, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM xujinliang@chd.edu.cn OI RU, Han/0000-0003-0426-4778; Xu, Jinliang/0000-0002-5229-9468; Liu, Xingliang/0000-0002-3139-7755 FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0802208]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71101185]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2017JQ5122] FX The opportunity to explore this topic was made possible by funding provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0802208), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 71101185) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2017JQ5122). 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PY 2019 VL 33 IS 5 BP 922 EP 944 DI 10.1080/13658816.2018.1564315 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography; Geography, Physical; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Geography; Physical Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA HP5KP UT WOS:000461716300004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hu, X Gong, J AF Hu, Xuan Gong, Jie TI Framework for prioritizing geospatial data processing tasks during extreme weather events SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Disaster response; Decision support; Data processing prioritization; Data envelop analysis; Group decision processes ID GROUP DECISION-MAKING; INFORMATION NEEDS; LIDAR DATA; MODEL; ACCURACY; DESIGN; DEA AB In recent years, advanced geospatial technologies have been playing an increasingly important role in supporting critical decision makings in disaster response. One rising challenge to effectively use the growing volume of geospatial data sets is to rapidly process the data and to extract useful information. Unprocessed data are intangible and non-consumable, and often create the so-called "data-rich-but-information-poor" situation. To address this issue, this study proposed a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based information salience framework to prioritize the sequence of the information processing tasks. The proposed model integrates the DEA efficiency score with a linguistic group decision process. For the input variables, computational complexity and intensity are selected to measure the difficulty in information processing. For the outputs, the performance of each processing tasks is evaluated based on the experts' judgment on how the processing tasks satisfy the needs of decision makers. These needs are characterized by four classic disaster functions. A unique element of our proposed framework is that cone constraints are added to the DEA model based on the experts' evaluation of the importance of the four disaster functions to model the dynamic information need. The proposed model was validated with a Hurricane Sandy based case study. The results indicate that the proposed framework is capable of prioritizing geospatial data processing tasks in a systematic manner and accelerating information extraction from disaster related geospatial data sets. C1 [Hu, Xuan] Chongqing Univ, Sch Publ Affairs, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Gong, Jie] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Gong, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM jg931@soe.rutgers.edu FU Bentley Systems Research Grant FX This research was in partial sponsored by a Bentley Systems Research Grant. The funding and support from Bentley are appreciated. 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 39 BP 157 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.aei.2018.12.006 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HP1EL UT WOS:000461408100012 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gao, XH Pishdad-Bozorgi, P AF Gao, Xinghua Pishdad-Bozorgi, Pardis TI BIM-enabled facilities operation and maintenance: A review SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS LA English DT Review DE Building Information Modeling (BIM); Facilities Management (FM); Operation & maintenance (O&M); Emergency management; Energy management ID INFORMATION MODELING BIM; BUILDING INFORMATION; ENERGY PERFORMANCE; INDOOR LOCALIZATION; THERMAL COMFORT; FAULT-DETECTION; DATA VISUALIZATION; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEM; LIFE-CYCLE; FRAMEWORK AB Building Information modeling (BIM) has the potential to advance and transform facilities Operation and Maintenance (O&M) by providing a platform for facility managers to retrieve, analyze, and process building information in a digitalized 3D environment. Currently, because of rapid developments in BIM, researchers and industry professionals need a state-of-the-art overview of BIM implementation and research in facility O&M. This paper presents a review of recent publications on the topic. It aims to evaluate and summarize the current BIM-O &M research and application developments from a facility manager's point of view, analyze research trends, and identify research gaps and promising future research directions. The scope of this research includes the academic articles, industry reports and guidelines pertaining to using BIM to improve selected facility O&M activities, including maintenance and repair, emergency management, energy management, change/relocation management, and security. The content analysis results show that research on BIM for O&M is still in its early stage and most of the current research has focused on energy management. We have identified that the interoperability in the BIM-O&M context is still a challenge and adopting the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) Framework is a potential starting point to address this issue. More studies involving surveys are needed to understand the underlying O&M principles for BIM implementation - data requirements, areas of inefficiencies, the process changes. In addition, more studies on the return on investment of the innovative systems are required to justify the value of BIM-O&M applications and an improved Life Cycle Cost Analysis method is critical for such justifications. C1 [Gao, Xinghua; Pishdad-Bozorgi, Pardis] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Bldg Construct, 280 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Gao, XH (reprint author), 280 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. 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Eng. Inform. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 39 BP 227 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.aei.2019.01.005 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HP1EL UT WOS:000461408100018 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhou, C Chase, JG Rodgers, GW AF Zhou, Cong Chase, J. Geoffrey Rodgers, Geoffrey W. TI Degradation evaluation of lateral story stiffness using HLA-based deep learning networks SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Structural health monitoring; SHM; Stiffness degradation; Machining learning; Hysteresis loop analysis; FHA; Deep learning network ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; DAMAGE DETECTION; STRUCTURAL DAMAGE; PARAMETER-IDENTIFICATION; RANDOM VIBRATION; KALMAN FILTER; REPRESENTATIONS; FREQUENCY AB Hysteresis loop analysis (HLA) has proven an effective indicator of damage detection in civil engineering structural health monitoring (SHM). In this paper, the histogram of stiffness (HOS) features are extracted from segregated half cycles of hysteresis loops reconstructed from measured response. A deep learning network (DLN) is proposed with the use of the HOS to classify the damage index (DI) based on stiffness degradation for damage identification Training data are obtained using numerical simulations of 30,000 realistic, randomly created hysteresis loops, including a wide range of typical linear and nonlinear structural behaviours. Performance of the trained DLN model is assessed using both 1800 additional simulated 3-story "virtual" buildings and experimental data from a 3-story full-scale real building. Results are compared to the validated HLA method. Validation on simulated virtual building data yields prediction accuracy for 97.2% and 91.6% samples without and with 10% added noise, respectively. The comparison shows a good match of trend and percentage stiffness drop between DLN and HLA identification with the average difference for all cases within 1.1-4.6%, indicating a good accuracy of the proposed DLN prediction model for real structures. The overall results show its potential to provide a rapid, and real-time alarm or other notice on damage states and mitigation to emergency response using DLN and thus without detailed engineering analysis. C1 [Zhou, Cong; Chase, J. Geoffrey; Rodgers, Geoffrey W.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Mech Engn, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Zhou, C (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Mech Engn, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand. 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Eng. Inform. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 39 BP 259 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.aei.2019.01.007 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HP1EL UT WOS:000461408100020 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Endalamaw, A Birhanu, Y Alebel, A Demsie, A Habtewold, TD AF Endalamaw, Aklilu Birhanu, Yeneabat Alebel, Animut Demsie, Amare Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie TI The burden of road traffic injury among trauma patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Hospitals; Road traffic injury; Trauma patients; Ethiopia ID MAGNITUDE; ZONE AB Background: Road traffic injury (RTI) is one of the main reasons for trauma-related admission in Ethiopian hospitals. Nationally representative data is needed to develop and implement the public health emergency management strategy. Therefore, this study was aimed to estimate the national pooled prevalence of RTI among trauma patients in Ethiopia. Methods: PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), psycEXTRA, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I-2 statistics. Publication bias was checked by using funnel plot and Egger's regression test. The DerSimonian and Laird's random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. Subgroup analysis was conducted by age and region. The trend of RTI estimated as well. Results: The pooled prevalence of RTI among trauma patients in Ethiopia was 31.5% (95% CI: 25.4%, 37.7%). Regional subgroup analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of RTI was 58.3% in the region of southern, nation, nationalities, and peoples (SNNPR) and 33.3% in Addis Ababa. Subgroup analysis based on patients age showed that the pooled prevalence of RTI was 51.7% in adults, 14.2% in children, and 32.6% in all age group. The time-trend analysis has shown an increasing burden of RTI in Ethiopian hospitals. Conclusion: The burden of RTI among trauma patients was high. Therefore, strengthening road safety management throughout the country is needed to reduce RTI. C1 [Endalamaw, Aklilu; Demsie, Amare] Univ Gondar, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Nursing, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia. [Birhanu, Yeneabat] Univ Gondar, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Nursing, Dept Surg Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia. [Alebel, Animut] Debre Markos Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. [Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Epidemiol, Groningen, Netherlands. RP Endalamaw, A (reprint author), Univ Gondar, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Nursing, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia. EM yaklilu12@gmail.com RI Sinshaw, Aklilu Endalamaw/P-3617-2019 OI Sinshaw, Aklilu Endalamaw/0000-0002-9121-6549; Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie/0000-0003-4476-518X CR Adeloye D, 2016, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V94, P510, DOI 10.2471/BLT.15.163121 Admassie D, 2010, ETHIOPIAN J HLTH DEV, V24 Aenderl I, 2014, ETHIOP J HEALTH SCI, V24, P27, DOI 10.4314/ejhs.v24i1.4 Alemu Mekonnen Hagos, 2008, Ethiop Med J, V46, P179 Amdeslasie F, 2016, ETHIOP MED J, V54 Asefa F, 2014, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V14, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1072 Ayele TA, 2017, OPEN ACCESS SURG, V10, P25, DOI 10.2147/OAS.S126043 Bashah DT, 2015, BMC EMERG MED, V15, DOI 10.1186/s12873-015-0044-3 Bhalla K, 2014, TRANSP HLTH GLOB BUR, V1, P39 Borenstein M, 2010, RES SYNTH METHODS, V1, P97, DOI 10.1002/jrsm.12 Brubacher JR, 2014, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V104, pE89, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302068 Commission for Global Road Safety, 2013, SAF ROADS ALL POST 2 Egger M, 1997, BMJ-BRIT MED J, V315, P629, DOI 10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629 Finkelstein E. 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J. Emerg. Med. PY 2019 VL 9 SU S SI SI BP S3 EP S8 DI 10.1016/j.afjem.2019.01.013 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HO8FY UT WOS:000461186500002 PM 30976494 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ribotti, A Antognarelli, F Cucco, A Falcieri, MF Fazioli, L Ferrarin, C Olita, A Oliva, G Pes, A Quattrocchi, G Satta, A Simeone, S Tedesco, C Umgiesser, G Sorgente, R AF Ribotti, Alberto Antognarelli, Fabio Cucco, Andrea Falcieri, Marcello Francesco Fazioli, Leopoldo Ferrarin, Christian Olita, Antonio Oliva, Gennaro Pes, Andrea Quattrocchi, Giovanni Satta, Andrea Simeone, Simone Tedesco, Costanza Umgiesser, Georg Sorgente, Roberto TI An Operational Marine Oil Spill Forecasting Tool for the Management of Emergencies in the Italian Seas SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE oil spill; Italian seas; numerical forecasting tool; emergency management ID BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MEDSLIK-II; MODEL; SUPPORT; STRAIT; SYSTEM; CIRCULATION; SIMULATION; IMPACT; HAZARD AB Oil extraction platforms are potential sources of oil spills. For this reason, an oil spill forecasting system was set up to support the management of emergencies from the oil fields in the Italian seas. The system provides ready-to-use products to the relevant response agencies and optimizes the anti-pollution resources by assessing hazards and risks related to this issue. The forecasting system covers seven working oil platforms in the Sicily Channel and middle/low Adriatic Sea. It is composed of a numerical chain involving nested ocean models from regional to coastal spatial scales and an oil spill model. The system provides two online services, one automatic and a second dedicated to possible real emergencies or exercises on risk preparedness and responding. The automatic service produces daily short-term simulations of hypothetical oil spill dispersion, transport, and weathering processes from each extraction platform. Products, i.e., risk maps, animations, and a properly called bulletin, are available on a dedicated web-portal. The hazard estimations are computed by performing geo-statistical analysis on the daily forecasts database. The second service is activated in near-real-time producing oil spill simulations for the following 48 h. C1 [Ribotti, Alberto; Antognarelli, Fabio; Cucco, Andrea; Fazioli, Leopoldo; Olita, Antonio; Pes, Andrea; Quattrocchi, Giovanni; Satta, Andrea; Simeone, Simone; Tedesco, Costanza; Sorgente, Roberto] CNR, Inst Study Anthrop Impacts & Sustainabil Marine E, Loc Sa Mardini Snc Torregrande, I-09170 Oristano, Italy. [Falcieri, Marcello Francesco; Ferrarin, Christian; Umgiesser, Georg] CNR, Inst Marine Sci, Arsenale Castello,2737-F, I-30122 Venice, Italy. [Oliva, Gennaro] CNR, Inst High Performance Comp & Networking, Via Pietro Castellino 111, I-80131 Naples, Italy. RP Fazioli, L (reprint author), CNR, Inst Study Anthrop Impacts & Sustainabil Marine E, Loc Sa Mardini Snc Torregrande, I-09170 Oristano, Italy. EM alberto.ribotti@cnr.it; fabio.antognarelli@cnr.it; andrea.cucco@cnr.it; francesco.falcieri@ismar.cnr.it; leopoldo.fazioli@cnr.it; christian.ferrarin@ismar.cnr.it; antonio.olita@cnr.it; gennaro.oliva@cnr.it; andrea.pes@cnr.it; giovanni.quattrocchi@ias.cnr.it; andrea.satta@cnr.it; simone.simeone@cnr.it; costanza.tedesco@ias.cnr.it; georg.umgiesser@ismar.cnr.it; roberto.sorgente@cnr.it RI Simeone, Simone/B-7603-2015; Falcieri, Francesco Marcello/F-2890-2013 OI Simeone, Simone/0000-0003-3005-3675; Falcieri, Francesco Marcello/0000-0002-9759-6714; Umgiesser, Georg/0000-0001-9697-275X FU project SOS Piattaforme e Impatti Offshore (Servizio Di Previsione Numerica Della Dispersione Di Idrocarburi Dalle Piattaforme Petrolifere Del Canale Di Sicilia E Medio/Basso Adriatico) - Italian Ministry of the Environment and Protection of Land and Sea [m_amte.PNM.REGISTRO UFFICIALE.U.000939.17-01-2017] FX The work is supported by the project SOS Piattaforme e Impatti Offshore (Servizio Di Previsione Numerica Della Dispersione Di Idrocarburi Dalle Piattaforme Petrolifere Del Canale Di Sicilia E Medio/Basso Adriatico), funded by the Italian Ministry of the Environment and Protection of Land and Sea with Executive Agreement prot. m_amte.PNM.REGISTRO UFFICIALE.U.000939.17-01-2017 of 17.01.2017. 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Mar. Sci. Eng. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 7 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.3390/jmse7010001 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA HM8GM UT WOS:000459717300001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hu, YJ Mao, HN McKenzie, G AF Hu, Yingjie Mao, Huina McKenzie, Grant TI A natural language processing and geospatial clustering framework for harvesting local place names from geotagged housing advertisements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Local place name; gazetteer; natural language processing; named entity recognition; geospatial clustering; geospatial semantics ID PUBLIC-PARTICIPATION GIS; GAZETTEER; GENERATION; KNOWLEDGE AB Local place names are frequently used by residents living in a geographic region. Such place names may not be recorded in existing gazetteers, due to their vernacular nature, relative insignificance to a gazetteer covering a large area (e.g. the entire world), recent establishment (e.g. the name of a newly-opened shopping center) or other reasons. While not always recorded, local place names play important roles in many applications, from supporting public participation in urban planning to locating victims in disaster response. In this paper, we propose a computational framework for harvesting local place names from geotagged housing advertisements. We make use of those advertisements posted on local-oriented websites, such as Craigslist, where local place names are often mentioned. The proposed framework consists of two stages: natural language processing (NLP) and geospatial clustering. The NLP stage examines the textual content of housing advertisements and extracts place name candidates. The geospatial stage focuses on the coordinates associated with the extracted place name candidates and performs multiscale geospatial clustering to filter out the non-place names. We evaluate our framework by comparing its performance with those of six baselines. We also compare our result with four existing gazetteers to demonstrate the not-yet-recorded local place names discovered by our framework. C1 [Hu, Yingjie] Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mao, Huina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Geog Informat Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [McKenzie, Grant] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hu, YJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. 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The analysis shows that different interrelated resilient capacities are manifested in the activation of response networks. In particular, in exhibiting redundancy and robustness, disaster-specific network structures are discerned. In both cyclones, response networks resemble a predefined cluster design, whereas in the earthquake disasters, networks are more fluid. Moreover, organizations' varied levels of prior response experiences help build the network's capacities of redundancy and resourcefulness. Implications are discussed in ways to advance contributions to research on resilience and disaster response networks. C1 [Lai, Chih-Hui; Hsu, Ying-Chia] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Commun & Technol, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. RP Lai, CH (reprint author), Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Commun & Technol, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. EM chlai@nctu.edu.tw FU SUG Grant from Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore FX This project was supported through the first author's SUG Grant from Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. CR Abbasi A, 2012, J HOMEL SECUR EMERG, V9, DOI 10.1515/1547-7355.1975 Berkes F, 2013, SOC NATUR RESOUR, V26, P5, DOI 10.1080/08941920.2012.736605 BORGATTI S.P., 2002, UCINET WINDOWS SOFTW Borgatti S. 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Numerical simulation in fire extinction SO QUALITY-ACCESS TO SUCCESS LA English DT Article DE fire; danger; risk; vulnerability; simulation AB The specialized literature deals with the phenomenology of fires in the industrial and civilian area, as well as with protection against fire, as a very complex problem in order to give a specialized response to such an emergency situation. INCD-INSEMEX Petrosani, in his fire and explosion portfolio, owns numerous research expertise based on the causes that generated such events, in which it succeeded to elucidate these causes by analysing the situations, states and circumstances and reporting them to the mechanism of the phenomenon initiation, development and propagation. The numerical analysis software using the ANSYS-based CFD solution - a finite element analysis software package widely used in industry and research, is the tool that renders the image of a fire or explosion event. But in most cases, this computerized program was used to identify causes and not to prevent fires. Thus, the present paper proposes an analysis of the fire risk parameters and the numerical simulation of a selection of fire-extinguishing systems. C1 [Tomescu, Cristian; Cioclea, Doru; Gherghe, Ion; Chiuzan, Emeric; Morar, Marius] Natl Inst Res & Dev Mine Safety & Protect Explos, 32-34 G Ral Vasile Milea St, Petroani, Hunedoara, Romania. RP Tomescu, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Res & Dev Mine Safety & Protect Explos, 32-34 G Ral Vasile Milea St, Petroani, Hunedoara, Romania. EM cristian.tomescu@insemex.ro RI Tomescu, Cristian/AAA-9099-2019 FU [PN 18170202] FX This paper was developed within the Nucleu-Programme, carried out with the support of MCI, project no. PN 18170202 CR Balulescu P., 1979, PREVENIREA INCENDIIL, P6 Dumitru L., THE FIRE BRIGADE, P180 Lupu C, 2015, MANAG SYST PROD ENG, V19, P142, DOI 10.12914/MSPE-05-03-2015 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ROMANA PENTRU ASIGURAREA CALITATII PI BUCHAREST PA STR VASILE PARVAN NR 14, SECTOR 1, POSTAL CODE 010 216, BUCHAREST, 00000, ROMANIA SN 1582-2559 J9 QUAL-ACCESS SUCCESS JI Qual.-Access Success PD JAN PY 2019 VL 20 SU 1 BP 55 EP 60 PG 6 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HM7UX UT WOS:000459686300009 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, SM Chen, SH Liu, Y AF Li, Shuoming Chen, Shihong Liu, Yu TI A Method of Emergent Event Evolution Reasoning Based on Ontology Cluster and Bayesian Network SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Emergent events; event scenario deduction; ontology cluster; Bayesian network; SWRL AB Comprehensive real-time event information is critical to policymakers during emergency response and decision-making process. However, the development process of the emergent events has great uncertainty, and situational evolutions of emergencies are often difficult to use the fixed reasoning mode to attain. For this reason, this paper proposes a new method based on the ontology cluster for the evolution reasoning of emergency scenarios and extends the sematic web rule language to realize the scenario deduction, which can apply the Bayesian network to perform the conditional probability reasoning. A counterpart modeling and modifying of the Bayesian network optimization process is introduced. Besides, the probabilistic interpretation rules of atom components in context evolution are described with detailed query examples of emergency situation deducting and reasoning. The experimental results show that this approach is efficient in describing and capable of calculating the occurrence possibilities of the emergent events. C1 [Li, Shuoming; Chen, Shihong] Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Natl Engn Res Ctr Multimedia Software, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Li, Shuoming; Chen, Shihong] Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yu] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Comp Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Chen, SH (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Natl Engn Res Ctr Multimedia Software, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Chen, SH (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM shhchen@whu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61100133]; Science Guidance Project of Education Department of Hubei Province [B20101104] FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61100133, and in part by the Science Guidance Project of Education Department of Hubei Province under Grant B20101104. 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TI A system-wide solution to antidote stocking in emergency departments: the Nova Scotia antidote program SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE antidote; poison centre; emergency preparedness ID AVAILABILITY; HOSPITALS; CENTERS AB Objective Inadequate stocking of essential antidotes in hospitals is an internationally documented problem. A concrete and sustainable system-wide solution for easy access to antidotes in emergency departments (EDs) was developed and implemented in Nova Scotia, Canada. Methods Antidote stocking guidelines and a systemwide antidote management strategy were established. A standardized collection of antidotes housed in highly visible containers in provincial EDs was implemented for timely access. Antidote-specific online administration guidelines were developed. Using the poison centre for surveillance, the antidote program maintained a database of antidote utilization patterns; 11 years of data were available for analysis. Results 2/2 (100%) tertiary care, 9/9 (100%) regional EDs, and 21/25 (84%) community EDs in Nova Scotia stock antidote kits, for an overall compliance rate of 32/36 (89%). A total of 678 antidotes (excluding N-acetylcysteine) were used for 520 patients. The distribution of antidote use by hospital type was 99/678 (14.6%) at community hospitals, 379/678 (55.9%) at regional hospitals, and 200/678 (29.5%) at tertiary care hospitals. The five most commonly used antidotes were: naloxone 143/678 (21.1%), fomepizole 111/678 (16.4%), glucagon 94/678 (13.9%), calcium 70/678 (10.3%), and sodium bicarbonate 67/678 (9.9%). Of the 520 patients in whom antidotes were used, death occurred in 3% (15/520), major outcomes in 35% (183/520), and moderate outcomes in 39% (205/520). Conclusion The Nova Scotia Antidote Program demonstrates that a solution to inadequate antidote stocking is achievable and requires a system-wide approach with ongoing maintenance and surveillance. The frequency and distribution of antidote usage documented in this program supports the need for enhancement of emergency preparedness. The poison centre and hospital pharmacies are crucial to surveillance and maintenance of this program. C1 [Murphy, Nancy G.; Bona, D. Ruth] Izaak Walton Killam Reg Poison Ctr, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Murphy, Nancy G.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Hurley, Theresa A.] Nova Scotia Hlth Author, Pharm Dept, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Murphy, NG (reprint author), IWK Reg Poison Ctr, 5850 Univ Ave, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada. 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J. Emerg. Med. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 21 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1017/cem.2017.400 PG 10 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HL2IA UT WOS:000458526900011 PM 28927481 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gyorodi, R Pavel, MI Gyorodi, C Zmaranda, D AF Gyorodi, Robert Pavel, Marius Iulian Gyorodi, Cornelia Zmaranda, Doina TI Performance of OnPrem Versus Azure SQL Server: A Case Study SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Cloud; database; data storage; Microsoft Azure; Microsoft SQL Server; on-premises AB This paper presents a comparative study between on-premises databases and cloud databases regarding the response time of the database. It focuses on presenting the advantages of storing data and applications in the cloud and, of course, on managing it in comparison with managing the same data and applications locally on one or more physical machines. A Microsoft Azure account was created to manage the database that is stored in the cloud. To achieve comparative results, a specific testing architecture that uses a Universal Windows Platform app was created and used. The application is running locally on multiple physical machines and works with that database to extract data, operate, and upload new data. For local tests, the database was stored locally on a server, with and without replication, and for cloud tests, it was stored into a server in Central US. This paper provides a practical approach that could be used for examining the performance of basic database operations when dealing with a different number of user situations. As a result of tests carried out, we will highlight the many advantages of cloud data storage, such as data accessibility, speed, security, automation, and disaster recovery, and we will also try to offer an answer to the most common and important question: "Why cloud?" C1 [Gyorodi, Robert; Gyorodi, Cornelia; Zmaranda, Doina] Univ Oradea, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Oradea 410087, Romania. [Pavel, Marius Iulian] Univ Oradea, Fac Elect Engn & Informat Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Oradea 410087, Romania. RP Gyorodi, R (reprint author), Univ Oradea, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Oradea 410087, Romania. EM rgyorod@uoradea.ro RI Cornelia, Gyorodi/B-3442-2010 OI Cornelia, Gyorodi/0000-0002-7815-4355 CR Abourezq M, 2016, INT J ADV COMPUT SC, V7, P157 Al Sheshri W, 2013, INT J DATABASE MANAG, V5, P1, DOI DOI 10.5121/IJDMS.2013.5201 [Anonymous], 2017, TUTORIAL CONGURE REP [Anonymous], 2018, SET DISASTER RECOVER [Anonymous], 2018, DATABASE T UNITS DTU Bijwe S. D., 2015, INT J COMPUT SCI MOB, V4, P73 Butler B., 2014, 10 MOST USEFUL CLOUD Carutasu G., 2016, P 8 INT C EL COMP AR, P1, DOI DOI 10.1109/ECAI.2016.7861168 Chitra K, 2014, INT J ADV COMPUT SC, V5, P173 Exposito RR, 2013, FUTURE GENER COMP SY, V29, P218, DOI 10.1016/j.future.2012.06.009 Ghoshal D., 2011, P 2 INT WORKSH DAT I, P71, DOI [10.1145/2087522.2087535, DOI 10.1145/2087522.2087535] Gyorodi C, 2015, INT J ADV COMPUT SC, V6, P78 Jain S., 2017, INT J ADV RES COMPUT, V8, P80 Litchfield Alan T., 2018, Journal of Information Technology Management, V29, P16 Maraj Arianit, 2013, Proceedings of the 2013 55th International Symposium ELMAR-2013, P239 Narula S, 2015, INT C ADV COMPUT COM, P501, DOI 10.1109/ACCT.2015.20 Patterson M., 2015, WHAT IS API WHY DOES Rabeler C., 2016, SQL DATABASE OPTIONS Sleit A., 2013, INT J COMPUT NETW CO, V5, P35, DOI [10.5121/ijcnc.2013.5503, DOI 10.5121/IJCNC.2013.5503] Thakar A, 2011, SCI PROGRAMMING-NETH, V19, P147, DOI 10.3233/SPR-2011-0325 Whitney T., 2016, GUIDE UNIVERSAL WIND NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2019 VL 7 BP 15894 EP 15902 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2893333 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HL6UF UT WOS:000458870700001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cui, YF Cheng, DQ Chan, DV AF Cui, Yifei Cheng, Deqiang Chan, Dave TI Investigation of Post-Fire Debris Flows in Montecito SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE post-fire debris flow; Montecito; hypsometric integral; logistic regression model; rainfall; Thomas Fire; mountain hazard ID LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; SPECTRAL INDEXES; NEURAL-NETWORKS; PROBABILITY; VOLUMES; MODELS; SCALE; GIS AB Debris flows in a burned area, post-fire debris flows, are considered as one of the most dangerous geo-hazards due to their high velocity, long run-out distance, and huge destruction to infrastructures. The rainfall threshold to trigger such hazards is often reduced compared with normal debris flow because ashes generated by mountain fires reduce the permeability of the top soil layer, thus increasing surface runoff. At the same time, burnt material and residual debris have very poor geo-mechanical characteristics, e.g., their internal friction angle and cohesion are typically low, and thus an intense rainfall can easily trigger some debris flows. Studying post-fire debris flow enables us to get a deeper understanding of disaster management. In this paper, the debris flow that occurred in Montecito, California, USA, and was affected by the Thomas Fire was used as a case study. Five major watersheds were extracted based on the digital elevation model (DEM). Remote sensing images were used to analyze the wildfire process, the extent of the burned areas, and the burn severity. The hypsometric integral (HI) and short-duration rainfall records of the watersheds around Montecito when the post-fire debris flows occurred were analyzed. Steep terrain, loose and abundant deposits, and sufficient water supply are the important conditions affecting the formation of debris flows. Taking watersheds as the research objects, HI was used to describe the geomorphic and topographic features, open-access rainfall data was used to represent the water supply, and burn severity represented the abundance of material sources. An occurrence probability model of post-fire debris flow based on HI, short-duration heavy rainfall, and burn severity was developed by using a logistic regression model in post-fire areas. By using this model, the occurrence probability of the post-fire debris flow in different watersheds around Montecito was analyzed based on the precipitation with time. Especially, the change characteristics of occurrence probability of debris flows over time based on the model bring a new perspective to observe the obvious change of the danger of post-fire debris flows and it is very useful for early warning of post-fire debris flows. C1 [Cui, Yifei] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Deqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Earth Surface Proc, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Deqiang] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Chan, Dave] Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada. RP Cheng, DQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Hazards & Earth Surface Proc, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China.; Cheng, DQ (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. EM yifeicui@ust.hk; chengdq90@imde.ac.cn; dave.chan@ualberta.ca OI Cheng, Deqiang/0000-0003-1992-242X; Cui, Yifei/0000-0002-9559-5988 FU opening fund of the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering [SKHL1609]; Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences [131551KYSB20160002]; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS [QYZDY-SSW-DQC006]; Research Grants Council of Hong KongHong Kong Research Grants Council [T22-603/15-N] FX This research was funded by the opening fund of the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering (Grant No. SKHL1609). This research was also supported by the projects of the International partnership program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 131551KYSB20160002), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (Grant No. QYZDY-SSW-DQC006), and theme-based research grant provided by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (Grant No. T22-603/15-N). 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 8 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.3390/ijgi8010005 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HL3AN UT WOS:000458582700005 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hecht, R Herold, H Behnisch, M Jehling, M AF Hecht, Robert Herold, Hendrik Behnisch, Martin Jehling, Mathias TI Mapping Long-Term Dynamics of Population and Dwellings Based on a Multi-Temporal Analysis of Urban Morphologies SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE urban morphology; topographic maps; multi-temporal; population; dwelling units; estimation; dynamics; urban planning; dasymetric mapping; historical demography ID BUILDING POPULATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS; INFORMATION; INTERPOLATION; PATTERNS; SYSTEMS; MODELS; COVER; STOCK AB Information on the distribution and dynamics of dwellings and their inhabitants is essential to support decision-making in various fields such as energy provision, land use planning, risk assessment and disaster management. However, as various different of approaches to estimate the current distribution of population and dwellings exists, further evidence on past dynamics is needed for a better understanding of urban processes. This article therefore addresses the question of whether and how accurately historical distributions of dwellings and inhabitants can be reconstructed with commonly available geodata from national mapping and cadastral agencies. For this purpose, an approach for the automatic derivation of such information is presented. The data basis is constituted by a current digital landscape model and a 3D building model combined with historical land use information automatically extracted from historical topographic maps. For this purpose, methods of image processing, machine learning, change detection and dasymetric mapping are applied. The results for a study area in Germany show that it is possible to automatically derive decadal historical patterns of population and dwellings from 1950 to 2011 at the level of a 100 m grid with slight underestimations and acceptable standard deviations. By a differentiated analysis we were able to quantify the errors for different urban structure types. C1 [Hecht, Robert; Herold, Hendrik; Behnisch, Martin; Jehling, Mathias] Leibniz Inst Ecol Urban & Reg Dev, Weberpl 1, D-01217 Dresden, Germany. RP Hecht, R (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Ecol Urban & Reg Dev, Weberpl 1, D-01217 Dresden, Germany. EM r.hecht@ioer.de; h.herold@ioer.de; m.behnisch@ioer.de; m.jehling@ioer.de RI Hecht, Robert/L-8878-2013; Herold, Hendrik/G-3510-2016 OI Hecht, Robert/0000-0001-8420-7233; Herold, Hendrik/0000-0002-2806-3121; Behnisch, Martin/0000-0003-4590-6757 FU European Fund of Regional Development (INTERREG IV); Wissenschaftsoffensive Oberrhein FX All mentioned official spatial base data were at the disposal of the IOER for the purposes of research. The authors would like to thank the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (Bundesamt fur Kartographie und Geodasie, BKG) and the Federal State Office for Surveying and Geo Information Rhineland-Palatinate (Landesamt fur Vermessung und Geobasisinformation, LVermGeo) for the provision of this data. We gratefully acknowledge the European Fund of Regional Development (INTERREG IV) and the Wissenschaftsoffensive Oberrhein, which partly funded this research. Finally, we would like to thank Ulrike Schinke for her valuable support in improving the maps in the revised manuscript. 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Geo-Inf. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 8 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.3390/ijgi8010002 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HL3AN UT WOS:000458582700002 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yang, TF Xie, JB Li, GQ Mou, NX Li, ZY Tian, CZ Zhao, J AF Yang, Tengfei Xie, Jibo Li, Guoqing Mou, Naixia Li, Zhenyu Tian, Chuanzhao Zhao, Jing TI Social Media Big Data Mining and Spatio-Temporal Analysis on Public Emotions for Disaster Mitigation SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE social media; big data; fine-grained emotion classification; spatio-temporal analysis; hazard mitigation AB Social media contains a lot of geographic information and has been one of the more important data sources for hazard mitigation. Compared with the traditional means of disaster-related geographic information collection methods, social media has the characteristics of real-time information provision and low cost. Due to the development of big data mining technologies, it is now easier to extract useful disaster-related geographic information from social media big data. Additionally, many researchers have used related technology to study social media for disaster mitigation. However, few researchers have considered the extraction of public emotions (especially fine-grained emotions) as an attribute of disaster-related geographic information to aid in disaster mitigation. Combined with the powerful spatio-temporal analysis capabilities of geographical information systems (GISs), the public emotional information contained in social media could help us to understand disasters in more detail than can be obtained from traditional methods. However, the social media data is quite complex and fragmented, both in terms of format and semantics, especially for Chinese social media. Therefore, a more efficient algorithm is needed. In this paper, we consider the earthquake that happened in Ya'an, China in 2013 as a case study and introduce the deep learning method to extract fine-grained public emotional information from Chinese social media big data to assist in disaster analysis. By combining this with other geographic information data (such population density distribution data, POI (point of interest) data, etc.), we can further assist in the assessment of affected populations, explore emotional movement law, and optimize disaster mitigation strategies. C1 [Yang, Tengfei; Xie, Jibo; Li, Guoqing; Tian, Chuanzhao; Zhao, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Yang, Tengfei; Tian, Chuanzhao; Zhao, Jing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Mou, Naixia; Li, Zhenyu] Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Geomat, Qingdao 266590, Peoples R China. RP Xie, JB (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM yangtf@radi.ac.cn; xiejb@radi.ac.cn; ligq@radi.ac.cn; mounx@lreis.ac.cn; lizy1@radi.ac.cn; tiancz@radi.ac.cn; zhaojing01@radi.ac.cn OI Yang, Tengfei/0000-0001-7405-6697; ZHAO, Jing/0000-0002-7838-9832; MOU, Naixia/0000-0003-1700-5943 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFE0122600]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771476]; Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA19020201] FX This research was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China, grant number 2016YFE0122600, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 41771476 and Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, grant number XDA19020201. 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Geo-Inf. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 8 IS 1 AR 29 DI 10.3390/ijgi8010029 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HL3AN UT WOS:000458582700028 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Storey, EA Stow, DA Plummer, MJ AF Storey, Emanuel Arnal Stow, Douglas Alan Plummer, Matthew James TI Normalizing shadows in multi-temporal aerial frame imagery using relative radiometric adjustments to support near-real-time change detection SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE shadow normalization; radiometric normalization; shadow detection; repeat station imaging; image processing ID SPATIAL CO-REGISTRATION; REMOVAL; CLASSIFICATION; EXTRACTION AB This study addresses the problem of shadows in multi-temporal imagery, which is a key issue with change detection approaches based on image comparison. We apply image-to-image radiometric normalizations including histogram matching (HM), mean-variance (MV) equalization, linear regression based on pseudo-invariant features (PIF-LR), and radiometric control sets (RCS) representing high- and low-reflectance extrema, for the novel purpose of normalizing brightness of transient shadows in high spatial resolution, bi-temporal, aerial frame image sets. Efficient shadow normalization is integral to remote sensing procedures that support disaster response efforts in a near-real-time fashion, including repeat station image (RSI) capture, wireless data transfer, shadow detection (as precursor to shadow normalization), and change detection based on image differencing and visual interpretation. We apply the normalization techniques to imagery of suburban scenes containing shadowed materials of varied spectral reflectance characteristics, whereby intensity (average of red, green, and blue spectral band values) under fully illuminated conditions is known from counterpart reference images (time-1 versus time-2). We evaluate the normalization results using stratified random pixel samples within transient shadows, considering central tendency and variance of differences in intensity relative to the unnormalized images. Overall, MV equalization yielded superior results in our tests, reducing the radiometric effects of shadowing by more than 85 percent. The HM and PIF-LR approaches showed slightly lower performance than MV, while the RCS approach proved unreliable among scenes and among stratified intensity levels. We qualitatively evaluate a shadow normalization based on MV equalization, describing its utility and limitations when applied in change detection. Application of image-to-image radiometric normalization for brightening shadowed areas in multi-temporal imagery in this study proved efficient and effective to support change detection. C1 [Storey, Emanuel Arnal; Stow, Douglas Alan; Plummer, Matthew James] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Storey, EA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM emanuel.storey@gmail.com OI Storey, Emanuel A./0000-0001-8896-1444 FU National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) [80NSSC17K0393]; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [G00010529]; U.S. Department of Transportation [OASRTRS-14-H-UNM] FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [80NSSC17K0393]; National Science Foundation [G00010529]; U.S. Department of Transportation [OASRTRS-14-H-UNM]. 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Remote Sens. PY 2019 VL 56 IS 1 BP 22 EP 42 DI 10.1080/15481603.2018.1489446 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HK9NY UT WOS:000458319600002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Banerjee, R Das Bit, S AF Banerjee, Rajib Das Bit, Sipra TI An energy efficient image compression scheme for wireless multimedia sensor network using curve fitting technique SO WIRELESS NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Wireless multimedia sensor network; Image compression; Curve fitting; Routing; Contiki OS AB Wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN) comprising of miniature sensor nodes is capable of processing multimedia data traffic such as still images and video from the environment. There is a wide range of applications which get benefited from such network. Unprocessed multimedia transmission is always expensive in terms of processing power, storage, and bandwidth. So, data processing is a challenge in WMSN. 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Netw. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 25 IS 1 BP 167 EP 183 DI 10.1007/s11276-017-1543-9 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA HK4QE UT WOS:000457945500013 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Oliveira, D Ghani, N Hayat, M Crichigno, J Bou-Harb, E AF Oliveira, Diogo Ghani, Nasir Hayat, Majeed Crichigno, Jorge Bou-Harb, Elias TI SDN Testbed for Evaluation of Large Exo-Atmospheric EMP Attacks SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB Large-scale nuclear electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks and natural disasters can cause extensive network failures across wide geographic regions. Although operational networks are designed to handle most single or dual faults, recent efforts have also focused on more capable multi-failure disaster recovery schemes. Concurrently, advances in software-defined networking (SDN) technologies have delivered highly-adaptable frameworks for implementing new and improved service provisioning and recovery paradigms in real-world settings. Hence this study leverages these new innovations to develop a robust disaster recovery (counter-EMP) framework for large backbone networks. Detailed findings from an experimental testbed study are also presented. C1 [Oliveira, Diogo] Florida State Univ, Sch Informat, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Ghani, Nasir] Univ S Florida, Dept Elect Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Ghani, Nasir] Cyber Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Hayat, Majeed] Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Crichigno, Jorge] Univ South Carolina, Dept Integrated Informat Technol, Coll Engn & Comp, Columbia, SC USA. [Bou-Harb, Elias] Florida Atlantic Univ, Comp Sci Dept, Cyber Threat Intelligence Lab, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. RP Oliveira, D (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Sch Informat, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)United States Department of DefenseDefense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-13-C-0027] FX This work has been funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Grant HDTRA1-13-C-0027. The authors are very grateful for this support. 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Mag. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 57 IS 1 BP 88 EP 97 DI 10.1109/MCOM.2017.1700847 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA HK1BR UT WOS:000457640200015 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Trinh, E Mason, J AF Trinh, Eva Mason, Jacquelyn TI Evaluation of the Implementation of CDC's Health Alert Related to the FDA LeadCare Recall From the State Health Department Perspective SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE blood lead; public health practice; public health response; state health departments AB On May 17, 2017, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a safety recall for the Magellan Diagnostics' LeadCare Testing Systems due to the potential for inaccurately low blood lead test results when used with venous blood samples. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced a health alert with retesting recommendations because those with a blood lead level of concern may have been missed and not connected to the appropriate follow-up services. A qualitative evaluation of 9 state childhood lead poisoning prevention programs' experiences is presented in this report. Interviewees reported using a variety of media and notification methods to inform key stakeholders about the recall and recommendations. Challenges experienced by programs in responding to retesting recommendations include incomplete and out-of-date lists of LeadCare users; missing or inaccurate information in their surveillance database; not having large laboratories and hospitals consider contacting persons for retesting to be within their purview; and having limited staff members to conduct emergency response activities. Two of the 9 states report subsequent challenges with their retesting rates. The retesting recommendations were generally viewed positively. The interviewees' comments provide insight into steps CDC might take to better serve state and local lead programs. Programs' experiences have led to a better understanding of the roles of their program when emergency events occur, their relationship with stakeholders as related to the blood lead testing and reporting process, and areas of improvement in surveillance databases. Public health agencies at all levels have important roles to play in preventing lead exposures and providing needed services when exposures occur. Programs may achieve long-term benefits by improving surveillance systems and having a better understanding of laboratory practices. CDC will continue to provide timely information and recommendations to state and local public health agencies to inform both routine and emergency response activities. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2019 VL 25 SU 1 SI SI BP S105 EP S110 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000870 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HK0IQ UT WOS:000457582700016 PM 30507778 OA Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ding, XB Liu, ZG Xu, HB AF Ding, Xiaobing Liu, Zhigang Xu, Haibo TI The passenger flow status identification based on image and WiFi detection for urban rail transit stations SO JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION LA English DT Article DE Rail transit; Safety of stations; Passenger flow identification; Passengers' limiter of station; Emergency warning ID SAFETY AB During the peak hours, the concentration of passenger flow is relatively high for some busy subway lines, if the measures can't be taken in time, more serious accidents may happen, which will influence the social image of the subway. At present, the passenger flow of the key stations is judged mainly by the experience of the staffs, and then the corresponding measures are taken, the errors may be large, and the relevant technical research is urgently needed. First, a data collection device called "the elf of passenger flow-collecting", which integrates high definition camera image acquisition equipment and WIFI probe technology was set up. It can be used to collect the original passenger flow data of congestion points of subway stations. Second, a convolution neural network passenger flow identification algorithm based on deep learning is designed, which is used to estimate the P-0 of stations. Third, because of the error in the video image recognition algorithm, the WIFI probe data acquisition scheme is designed, and the SQL preprocessing assembly for WIFI data processing is established. The noise of WIFI probe is preprocessed, and the flow rate of P-5 based on WIFI probe is obtained. The difference between P-0 and P-5 is defined, and the degree of the difference between P-0 and P-5 is calculated, so the final passenger flow P(6 )can be obtained. Finally, the Songjiang University Hall Station of Shanghai Metro line 9 was taken as an experimental analysis object, the high definition camera and WIFI probe are set up on the spot, the passenger flow video data and the WIFI data are collected synchronously, so the real-time passenger flow in the station's internal position is estimated, and the accuracy is corrected, meanwhile the passenger flow early warning of the station position is obtained. An emergency response plan based on passenger flow early warning level is proposed, and the flow chart of passenger flow density inside Songjiang University hall station is drawn. The construction of the equipment platform and the identification and correction methods of passenger flow are of good practical guiding significance for the Metro to run safely. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Xiaobing; Liu, Zhigang] Shanghai Univ Engn Sci, Sch Urban Rail Transportat, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Xu, Haibo] South China Univ Technol, Sch Automat Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Xu, HB (reprint author), South China Univ Technol, Sch Automat Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM 201510101991@mail.scut.edu.cn OI Xu, Haibo/0000-0002-6632-4644 FU National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2016YFC0802500]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71601110, 61672002] FX The research described in this paper was supported by Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0804900); Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0802500); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71601110 and 61672002). 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Emergency preparedness for, response to, mitigation of, and recovery from natural disasters that are bases for sustainable development requires sound impact assessments at proper spatial and temporal scales. This research provides spatial-temporal views of world natural disasters recorded in the EM-DAT database for the period of 1900-2015. Views of natural disaster impacts in terms of human fatalities, injuries, affected, and property damages are summarized and ranked at the world, continent, and country levels and by decade and the whole period. Top 10, 20, and 30 out of 221 countries are highlighted and referenced with the world totals. Correlates of country disaster impacts with social-economic attributes are explored. 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Nat. Hazards Risk PD JAN 1 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 1 BP 912 EP 934 DI 10.1080/19475705.2018.1552630 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HJ9PE UT WOS:000457530500001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, YH Li, ZQ Wei, BY Li, XL Fu, B AF Liu, Yaohui Li, Zhiqiang Wei, Benyong Li, Xiaoli Fu, Bo TI Seismic vulnerability assessment at urban scale using data mining and GIScience technology: application to Urumqi (China) SO GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK LA English DT Article DE seismic vulnerability; data mining; GIScience; EMS-98; Urumqi ID EARTHQUAKE DISASTER; EXISTING BUILDINGS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; HAZARD REGIONS; CITY; FAULT AB Seismic vulnerability assessments play a significant role in comprehensive risk mitigation efforts and seismic emergency planning, especially for urban areas with a high population density and a complex construction environment. Traditional approaches such as in situ fieldwork are accurate for conducting seismic vulnerability assessments of buildings; however, they are too much time and cost-consuming, especially in moderate to low seismic hazard regions. To address this issue, an integrated approach for a macroseismic vulnerability assessment composed of data mining methods and GIScience technology was presented and applied to Urumqi, China. First, vulnerability proxies were established via in situ data of buildings in the Tianshan District with an EMS-98 vulnerability classification scheme and two data mining methods, namely, support vector machine and association rule learning methods. Then, vulnerability proxies were applied to the Urumqi database, and the accuracy was validated. Finally, seismic risk maps were constructed through data consisting of direct damage to buildings and human casualties. The results indicated that the two data mining methods could achieve desirable accuracies and stabilities when estimating the seismic vulnerability. The seismic risk of Urumqi was estimated as Slight with a predicted number of 61,380 homeless people for a seismic intensity scenario of VIII. C1 [Liu, Yaohui; Li, Zhiqiang; Wei, Benyong; Li, Xiaoli; Fu, Bo] China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Li, ZQ (reprint author), China Earthquake Adm, Inst Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM lzhq@ies.ac.cn OI Liu, Yaohui/0000-0002-3041-3557 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41661134013, 41601567, 41601390]; Key Special Fund for the Study on Rapid Assessment of Multi-source Earthquake Loss [201308018-5] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant [number 41661134013]; under Grant [number 41601567]; under Grant [number 41601390]; the Key Special Fund for the Study on Rapid Assessment of Multi-source Earthquake Loss under Grant [number 201308018-5]. 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Nat. Hazards Risk PD JAN 1 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 1 BP 958 EP 985 DI 10.1080/19475705.2018.1524400 PG 28 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HJ9QX UT WOS:000457535100001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gupta, V Kapur, PK Kumar, D AF Gupta, Viral Kapur, P. K. Kumar, Deepak TI Prioritizing and Optimizing Disaster Recovery Solution using Analytic Network Process and Multi Attribute Utility Theory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article DE Optimal disaster recovery time; analytic network process; multi-attribute utility theory; software reliability growth model; recovery time objective ID DECISION; MODEL AB Selection of a suitable disaster recovery solution is an essential activity performed in an enterprise to facilitate recovery of critical business functions and Information Technology (IT) systems within a tolerable time limit known as disaster recovery time (DRT). The estimation of optimal DRT plays a significant role in IT as it influences overall costs required to ensure business continuity. The estimation of optimal DRT depends upon the capabilities of a chosen disaster recovery solution and multiple conflicting attributes. This paper presents an integrated approach to selecting the best disaster recovery solution using analytic network process (ANP) and estimating optimal DRT using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). ANP is applied to determine the best disaster recovery solution using seven criteria: people, recovery objectives, security, technology, cost, site infrastructure, and regulatory. MAUT estimates the optimal DRT for the best disaster recovery solution based on three conflicting attributes: cost, reliability, and processed backlog transactions. The proposed approach applies to an enterprise application in the banking sector and this paper tests its effectiveness by comparing the results from four different enterprises. This study offers valuable insights to the disaster recovery practitioner to select the best disaster recovery solution and to estimate optimal DRT. C1 [Gupta, Viral; Kumar, Deepak] Amity Univ Uttar Pradesh, Amity Inst Informat Technol, Noida 201313, India. [Kapur, P. K.] Amity Univ Uttar Pradesh, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res, Noida 201313, India. RP Gupta, V (reprint author), Amity Univ Uttar Pradesh, Amity Inst Informat Technol, Noida 201313, India. 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J. Inf. Technol. Decis. Mak. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 18 IS 1 BP 171 EP 207 DI 10.1142/S0219622018500372 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA HJ5RA UT WOS:000457238100007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Montes-de-Oca, M Gomez, J Lopez-Guerrero, M AF Montes-de-Oca, Martha Gomez, Javier Lopez-Guerrero, Miguel TI Urbihoc: a delay tolerant approach for data acquisition in urban areas using a mobile wireless sensor network SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SENSOR NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE wireless sensors networks; mobile crowdsensing; energy saving; urban sensing; delay tolerant approach AB In recent years several pieces of research have proposed the use of wireless mobile nodes to sense a wide diversity of phenomena in urban areas. Data collected by mobile sensors are typically sent to a central server in order to be shared with other users through cellular or WiFi networks. Unfortunately, the cost of deploying and maintaining such infrastructure may be prohibitively high. Furthermore, a disaster situation on the server side may cause the failure of the whole system. As an alternative approach, in this work we introduce Urbihoc, a data acquisition method that uses opportunistic transmissions to directly share data among mobile nodes. In this way, from local exchanges, Urbihoc builds up global knowledge about a monitored phenomenon. Our results suggest that, in some applications, it is possible to monitor a phenomenon over a large metropolitan area by using only the resources contributed by mobile users. C1 [Montes-de-Oca, Martha; Lopez-Guerrero, Miguel] Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. [Gomez, Javier] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Telecommun, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Montes-de-Oca, M (reprint author), Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Iztapalapa Campus, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. EM montesdeocacaliz@gmail.com; javierg@fi-b.unam.mx; milo@xanum.uam.mx FU UNAM-PAPIITPrograma de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica (PAPIIT)Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [IN117017]; PRODEP [UAM-PTC-563] FX This work was supported in part by research funds from UNAM-PAPIIT GRANT IN117017 and PRODEP UAM-PTC-563. 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TI Optimal pavement management: Resilient roads in support of emergency response of cyclone affected coastal areas SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Pavement deterioration; Maintenance; Geo-physical risk; Vulnerability; Cyclone; Optimization ID NETWORK; DAMAGE AB Roads in poor road condition disrupt emergency operations in disaster-prone areas during emergency periods. Prolonged inundation of pavements from storm surge accelerates deterioration of pavements and increases maintenance cost. The objective of this study is to propose an optimized decision support system for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) operations guided by geo-physical risk and community vulnerabilities. A case study of regional highways, arterial and collector roads at the district of Barguna, in Bangladesh is selected given the frequency of cyclones and storm surges in this area. A geo-physical risk and vulnerability (GEOPHRIV) index was estimated for each road's segment by integrating the geo-physical risk; community, structure and infrastructure vulnerabilities; and damage indices. Linear programming was applied to optimize M&R strategies to ensure good pavement condition for all roads at a minimum M&R budget. Lifecycle optimization of M&R operations estimated that USD 2.49 million is the minimum annual budget that ensures having good average road's condition in the study area. Most of the annual M&R budget will be invested for overlay and resealing treatments on the roads at high and medium GEOPHRIV areas. This study helps transportation authorities to identify deteriorated pavement sections, maintain the pavement periodically to prevent or minimize damage before storm surge, and allocate resources for M&R operations. C1 [Amin, Shohel] Coventry Univ, Ctr Built & Nat Environm, Sch Energy Construct & Environm, Coventry, W Midlands, England. 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 119 BP 45 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.tra.2018.11.001 PG 17 WC Economics; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Business & Economics; Transportation GA HI9DI UT WOS:000456755100004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Xia, JS Dong, PL AF Xia, Jisheng Dong, Pinliang TI Spatial characteristics of physical environments for human settlements in Jinsha River watershed (Yunnan section), China SO GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK LA English DT Article DE Jinsha watershed; human settlements; GIS; analytic hierarchy process ID SUITABILITY; COVERAGE; ISSUE AB In recent years, natural disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, mudslides, collapses, drought, and extreme temperature occur frequently in Yunnan Jinsha River watershed, causing deterioration of physical environments for human settlements in some areas of the watershed. Although several studies have addressed individual environmental elements in the study area, efforts for integrated analysis of environmental factors and human settlements are still lacking. Therefore, it is important to identify the spatial distribution of physical environments for human settlements to support population distribution planning. This study includes 10 factors (topography, landform, vegetation, elevation, fault, rock, soil, earthquake intensity, temperature, and precipitation) as indicators for the assessment of human settlement suitability based on the analytic hierarchy process and grey correlation methods. Geographic information system functions were used to help understand the spatial distribution of human settlements and the causal factors. This study reveals different spatial units of the watershed suitable for human habitation from the viewpoint of physical environment and provides recommendations for urban planning and siting, land use planning, and disaster mitigation in the watershed. C1 [Xia, Jisheng; Dong, Pinliang] Yunnan Univ, Sch Resource Environm & Earth Sci, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Dong, Pinliang] Univ North Texas, Dept Geog & Environm, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Dong, PL (reprint author), Yunnan Univ, Sch Resource Environm & Earth Sci, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Dong, PL (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Dept Geog & Environm, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM Pinliang.Dong@unt.edu FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41461103] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 41461103. 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Nat. Hazards Risk PD JAN 1 PY 2019 VL 10 IS 1 BP 544 EP 561 DI 10.1080/19475705.2018.1532461 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HH0VS UT WOS:000455438600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, H Zhang, JW Yi, JK AF Li, Hui Zhang, Jianwen Yi, Junkai TI Computational source term estimation of the Gaussian puff dispersion SO SOFT COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Gaussian puff; Pasquill-Gifford model; Nelder-Mead method; Particle swarm optimization; Neighborhood topology ID KRILL HERD ALGORITHM; MEAD SIMPLEX-METHOD; MODEL; CONVERGENCE; PARTICLES AB The hazardous or toxic chemical releases have a detrimental impact on public safety. Estimating source parameters is of particular importance in aiding emergency response and post-assessment. Source term estimation from sensor measurements with a given Gaussian puff dispersion model is a typical inverse problem, which can be transformed into an optimization problem. In this paper, we employed the particle swarm optimization, the Nelder-Mead method, and their hybrid method to solve the optimization problem. Furthermore, we proposed a three-dimensional neighborhood topology which considerably improves performance of the particle swarm optimization. We implemented all these algorithms in JAVA on an embedded system to make a preliminary estimation of the accidental puff release. Numerical experiments with synthetic datasets show that the particle swarm optimization maintains a balance between computation time, accuracy, robustness, and implementation complexity. In contrast, the hybrid algorithm has an advantage in computation time at the expense of more sophisticated implementation. C1 [Li, Hui] Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jianwen] Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Fluid Mech & Heat Transfer Lab, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Yi, Junkai] Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. RP Li, H (reprint author), Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Coll Informat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM ray@mail.buct.edu.cn RI Li, Hui/AAB-7146-2019 OI Li, Hui/0000-0002-8866-5941 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [U1636208]; Ministry of Science and Technology of ChinaMinistry of Science and Technology, China [2015BAK39B02] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants of the general technical foundation research joint fund (Project No. U1636208). And this project was also supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under grants of the national key technology R&D program (Project No. 2015BAK39B02). 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 23 IS 1 BP 59 EP 75 DI 10.1007/s00500-018-3440-2 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA HH1ZK UT WOS:000455518200005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Howell, S Doan, MD Harbin, A AF Howell, Sharon Doan, Michael D. Harbin, Ami TI Detroit to Flint and Back Again: Solidarity Forever SO CRITICAL SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flint; Detroit; water; Emergency Management; community organizing; human rights AB For several years the authors have been working in Detroit with grassroots coalitions resisting Emergency Management. In this essay, we focus on how community groups in Detroit and Flint advanced common struggles for clean, safe, affordable water as a human right, particularly during the period of 2014 to 2016. We explore how, through a series of direct interventions - including public meetings and international gatherings, independent journalism and social media, community-based research projects, and citizen-led policy initiatives - these groups contributed to challenging neoliberal governance, to undermining the legitimacy of state officials and their policies, and to shifting public consciousness around the human right to water. C1 [Howell, Sharon] Oakland Univ, Commun, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Doan, Michael D.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Philosophy, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. [Harbin, Ami] Oakland Univ, Philosophy & Women & Gender Studies, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. RP Howell, S (reprint author), Oakland Univ, Dept Commun & Journalism, Wilson Hall,Room 316,371 Wilson Blvd, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. EM howell@oakland.edu CR Anderson M. 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Sociol. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 45 IS 1 BP 63 EP 83 DI 10.1177/0896920517705438 PG 21 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA HG1MK UT WOS:000454720400007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Mahmood, S Rahman, AU AF Mahmood, Shakeel Rahman, Atta-ur TI Flash flood susceptibility modeling using geo-morphometric and hydrological approaches in Panjkora Basin, Eastern Hindu Kush, Pakistan SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Flash flood; Susceptibility model; Geo-morphometry; Surface run-off; Hindu Kush ID SCS-CN METHOD; WEIGHTS-OF-EVIDENCE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; REGIONS; SYSTEMS; RUNOFF; TIME AB This main objective of this study is flash flood susceptibility modeling using geo-morphometric and hydrological approaches in Panjkora Basin, Eastern Hindu Kush, Pakistan. In the study region, flash flood is one of the horrific and recurrent hydro-meteorological disasters causing damages to human life, their properties, and infrastructure. Watershed modeling approach is implemented to delineate Panjkora Basin, its sub-basins, and extract drainage network by utilizing Advance Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model as an input data in geographic information system environment. A total of 30 sub-basins were delineated using threshold of 25km(2). The geo-morphometric parameters of each sub-basin were computed by applying Hortonian, Schumm, and Strahler Geo-morphological laws. The value of each parameter was normalized and aggregated into geo-morphometric ranking number depicting the degree of flash flood susceptibility. Surface run-off depth of each sub-basin is estimated by applying Natural Resource Conservation Service Curve Number hydrological model. Both models outputs were integrated by implementing weighted overlay analysis technique and susceptibility map is obtained. The resultant map was analyzed and zonated into very high, high, moderate, low, and very low flash flood susceptibility zones. These zones were spread over an area of 1441km(2) (27%), 1950km(2) (36.5%), 1252km(2) (23.4%), 604km(2) (11.3%), and 98km(2) (1.8%), respectively. Spatially, the very high susceptible zone is located in the upstream areas, characterized by snow covered peaks, steep gradient (>30 degrees), and high drainage density (>1.7km/km(2)), and geologically dominated by igneous and metamorphic lithological units. Analysis indicated that flash flood susceptibility is directly increases with increasing surface run-off and geo-morphometric ranking number. A new model is developed to geo-visualize the spatial pattern of flash flood susceptibility. Accuracy of the model is assessed using global positioning system-based primary data regarding past-flood damages and flood marks. The study results can facilitate Disaster Management Authorities and flood dealing line agencies to initiate location-specific flood-risk reduction strategies in highly susceptible areas of Panjkora Basin. Similarly, this methodological approach can be adapted for any highland river system. C1 [Mahmood, Shakeel] Govt Coll Univ Lahore, Dept Geog, Lahore, Pakistan. [Rahman, Atta-ur] Univ Peshawar, Dept Geog, Peshawar, Pakistan. RP Mahmood, S (reprint author), Govt Coll Univ Lahore, Dept Geog, Lahore, Pakistan. 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 78 IS 1 AR 43 DI 10.1007/s12665-018-8041-y PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA HG4HD UT WOS:000454935100005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kosonen, H Kim, A Gough, H Mikola, A Vahala, R AF Kosonen, Heta Kim, Amy Gough, Heidi Mikola, Anna Vahala, Riku TI A Comparative Study on Rapid Wastewater Treatment Response to Refugee Crises SO GLOBAL CHALLENGES LA English DT Article DE biological wastewater treatment; disaster response; project delivery; refugee crises; WWTS operation ID CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS; EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; LOADING RATES; RESILIENCE; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; MODEL; SAFE AB Large-scale population displacement can overwhelm wastewater treatment facilities and increase environmental pollution in the host communities. Academic research has discussed features that improve wastewater treatment systems' resiliency toward other types of disasters and rapidly changing operation conditions. Concepts that contribute to successful startup, refurbishment, and operation of biological treatment systems during refugee responses are yet to be identified. This study takes a novel approach to analyzing wastewater treatment system resiliency by presenting an input-mediator-output model analysis on advanced wastewater treatment delivery during refugee response in Jordan and Finland in 2015-2016. By comparing two distinctively different case studies, the research identifies principles that contribute to timely refugee response in advanced wastewater treatment systems on the dimensions of human resources, project environment, and wastewater treatment technology. These principles include 1) clear role division between agencies and stakeholders, 2) improving "human capacity" for rapid response decisions, 3) selecting a process that fits the regulative and operational environment, 4) enabling direct and fast information sharing, and 5) establishing fast-track permitting processes for disaster conditions. Wastewater treatment system operators, regulative authorities, and aid organizations can use these findings to support rapid decision-making in future disaster response situations. C1 [Kosonen, Heta; Kim, Amy] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 352700, Seattle, WA 98198 USA. [Gough, Heidi] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, POB 352100, Seattle, WA 98198 USA. [Mikola, Anna; Vahala, Riku] Aalto Univ, Dept Built Environm, POB 15200, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland. RP Kosonen, H (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 352700, Seattle, WA 98198 USA. EM hetak@uw.edu RI Vahala, Riku/G-2459-2013 OI Vahala, Riku/0000-0003-0026-3831 FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-1539775]; Maa- ja vesitekniikan tuki ry grant [34445] FX This research was funded by NSF grant CBET-1539775 and Maa- ja vesitekniikan tuki ry grant 34445. The research group would like to thank Dr. Ann Bostrom (UW), Dr. Jamal Abu-Ashour (JUST), Dr. Muna Abu-Dalo (JUST), graduate students Abdallah Awawdeh (JUST) and Chris Callahan (UW), and undergraduate student Keenan Ferar (UW) who helped with developing the interview questionnaire and collecting, translating, and organizing the interview data in Jordan. 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 3 IS 1 AR 1800039 DI 10.1002/gch2.201800039 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HG2BX UT WOS:000454768300001 PM 31565354 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gu, QH Jiang, S Lian, MJ Lu, CW AF Gu, Qinghua Jiang, Song Lian, Minjie Lu, Caiwu TI Health and Safety Situation Awareness Model and Emergency Management Based on Multi-Sensor Signal Fusion SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Internet of Things; multi-sensor fusion; health and safety of miners; signal processing; situation awareness ID SVM; SYSTEM AB Disasters that are uncertain and destructive pose severe threats to life and property of miners. One of the major precautious measures is to set up real-time monitoring of disaster with a number of different sensors. Single sensor which features weak, unstable, and noisy signal is prone to raise misjudgment leading to non-linearly correlated data coming from different sensors. This paper unfolds with a theoretical introduction to the situation awareness of data from sensors in the Internet of Things, covering theories including the Internet of Things, multi-sensor data fusion, and situation awareness. Subsequently, we construct a framework for the situation awareness system based on multi-sensor fusion in the open-pit mine Internet of Things. The data coming from multiple sensors are pre-processed with wavelet transform, data filling, and normalization. In addition, information entropy theory is introduced to weight the data varying with attributes. An RF-SVM-based model is constructed to accomplish data fusion and determine situation levels as well. The output of the RF-SVM-based model is input as an ELM model. The fusion results at the first 10 time points are used to forecast the situation level at next point, so that the proposed disaster forecast approach in this paper is practiced. To test the stationarity and validity of the approach, MATALAB is employed to run a simulation of the data of a given open-pit mine. The results show that the RMSE of the model remains below 0.2 and TSQ is no greater than 1.691 after we run 50 times, 100 times, and 200 times iteration. It convinces that forecast results made by the model are valid, indicating that the multi-sensor signal fusion which is effective and efficient provides support to disaster situation forecast and emergency management in the mine. C1 [Gu, Qinghua; Jiang, Song; Lian, Minjie; Lu, Caiwu] Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Management, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Gu, Qinghua; Jiang, Song; Lu, Caiwu] Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Resources Engn, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lian, Minjie] Sinosteel Min Co Ltd, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, S (reprint author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Management, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Jiang, S (reprint author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Resources Engn, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM jiangsong925@163.com OI Jiang, Song/0000-0003-2151-0977 FU Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51774228]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2017JM7005]; key technology projects of safety prevention and control of major accidents in the State Administration of Work Safety [2017G-B1-0519]; Excellent Doctorate Cultivation Fund of the Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology [604031715] FX This work was supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Research on 5D Refined Mining Production Scheduling Model and Collaborative Optimization Method in Metal Open Pit Under Constraints of Grade-Price-Cost) under Grant 51774228, in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Intelligent Fusion and Early Warning of Multi-Source Heterogeneous Flow Data Based on Rock Failure) under Grant 2017JM7005, in part by the key technology projects of safety prevention and control of major accidents in the State Administration of Work Safety (Research on Safety Monitoring and Warning System of Ultra Deep Shaft Surrounding Rock Based on Multi-Source Heterogeneous Information Fusion) under Grant 2017G-B1-0519, and in part by the Excellent Doctorate Cultivation Fund of the Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology (Intelligent Fusion of Multi-Source Heterogeneous Flow Data and Early Warning of Rock Failure) under Grant 604031715. 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Here, we present a method to retrieve surface soil moisture (SSM) from the Sentinel-1 (S-1) satellites, which carry C-hand Synthetic Aperture Radar (CSAR) sensors that provide the richest freely available SAR data source so far, unprecedented in accuracy and coverage. Our SSM retrieval method, adapting well-established change detection algorithms, builds the first globally deployable soil moisture observation data set with 1-km resolution. This paper provides an algorithm formulation to be operated in data cube architectures and high-performance computing environments. It includes the novel dynamic Gaussian upscaling method for spatial upscaling of SAR imagery, harnessing its field-scale information and successfully mitigating effects from the SAR's high signal complexity. Also, a new regression-based approach for estimating the radar slope is defined, coping with Sentinel-1's inhomogeneity in spatial coverage. We employ the S-1 SSM algorithm on a 3-year S-1 data cube over Italy, obtaining a consistent set of model parameters and product masks, unperturbed by coverage discontinuities. An evaluation of therefrom generated S-1 SSM data, involving a 1-km soil water balance model over Umbria, yields high agreement over plains and agricultural areas, with low agreement over forests and strong topography. While positive biases during the growing season are detected, the excellent capability to capture small-scale soil moisture changes as from rainfall or irrigation is evident. The S-1 SSM is currently in preparation toward operational product dissemination in the Copernicus Global Land Service. C1 [Bauer-Marschallingere, Bernhard; Freeman, Vahid; Cao, Senmao; Paulik, Christoph; Schaufler, Stefan; Stachl, Tobias; Wagner, Wolfgang] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Modanesi, Sara; Massario, Christian; Ciabatta, Luca; Brocca, Luca] CNR, Res Inst Geohydrol Protect, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. RP Bauer-Marschallingere, B (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. EM bbm@geo.tuwien.ac.at; vahid.freeman@geo.tuwien.ac.at; senmao.cao@geo.tuwien.ac.at; cpaulik@vandersat.com; schaufler.stefan@gmail.com; tobias.stachl@geo.tuwien.ac.at; sara.modanesi@irpicnr.it; christian.massari@irpi.cnr.it; luca.ciabatta@irpi.cnr.it; luca.brocca@irpi.cnr.it; wolfgang.wagner@geo.tuwien.ac.at OI Massari, Christian/0000-0003-0983-1276; Schaufler, Stefan/0000-0002-5480-8924; Brocca, Luca/0000-0002-9080-260X; Ciabatta, Luca/0000-0003-4600-6320; Modanesi, Sara/0000-0003-4720-5233 FU Copernicus Global Land Service [199494] FX This work was supported by the Copernicus Global Land Service under the Framework Service Contract 199494 (JRC). 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Mizohana, Hiroto Chen, Xiangyu Shiigi, Yasuto Yamanoue, Yoshiyuki Nagatsuka, Masaki Inaba, Masayuki TI Multimodal sensing and active continuous closed-loop feedback for achieving reliable manipulation in the outdoor physical world SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS LA English DT Article DE emergency response; mobile manipulation; wheeled robots AB The use of field robots can greatly decrease the amount of time, effort, and associated risk compared to if human workers were to carryout certain tasks such as disaster response. However, transportability and reliability remain two main issues for most current robot systems. To address the issue of transportability, we have developed a lightweight modularizable platform named AeroArm. To address the issue of reliability, we utilize a multimodal sensing approach, combining the use of multiple sensors and sensor types, and the use of different detection algorithms, as well as active continuous closed-loop feedback to accurately estimate the state of the robot with respect to the environment. We used Challenge 2 of the 2017 Mohammed Bin Zayed International Robotics Competition as an example outdoor manipulation task, demonstrating the capabilities of our robot system and approach in achieving reliable performance in the fields, and ranked fifth place internationally in the competition. C1 [Chan, Wesley P.; Chen, Xiangyu; Inaba, Masayuki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Creat Informat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Mizohana, Hiroto] Univ Tokyo, Dept Mechanoinformat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Shiigi, Yasuto; Yamanoue, Yoshiyuki; Nagatsuka, Masaki] THK Co Ltd, Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. RP Chan, WP (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Creat Informat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo, Japan. 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TI Hurricane storm surge in Volusia County, Florida: evidence of a tipping point for infrastructure damage SO DISASTERS LA English DT Article DE flooding; infrastructure; resiliency; spatial analysis; storm surge; tipping point ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOCIAL VULNERABILITY; EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; COASTAL; DISASTER; KATRINA; COMMUNITY; IMPACT; THREAT AB Storm surge often is the most destructive consequence of hurricanes and tropical storms, causing significant economic damage and loss of life. Many coastal communities that are located in high-risk areas vis-a-vis hurricanes and tropical storms are prepared for moderate (between six and eight feet) storm surges. Such preparation, though, is not commensurate with more severe, but less frequent, storm surges (greater than eight feet). These gaps in preparedness have serious implications for community resilience. This paper explores elements of the vulnerability and resilience of coastal communities during major storm surge events, drawing on Volusia County, Florida, United States, as a case study. It simulates the impacts of five hurricanes (Categories I-V) and their associated storm surges on local infrastructure systems, populations, and access to resources. The results suggest that Volusia County is subject to a 'tipping point' , where surge damage from Category IV storms is significantly greater than that from Category III and lower hurricanes. C1 [Helderop, Edward] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Ctr Spatial Reasoning & Policy Analyt, 411 N Cent Ave 600, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Grubesic, Tony H.] Arizona State Univ, Coll Publ Serv & Community Solut, Ctr Spatial Reasoning & Policy Analyt, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Helderop, E (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Ctr Spatial Reasoning & Policy Analyt, 411 N Cent Ave 600, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. 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Hedley, Nick TI Modeling evacuation in institutional space: Linking three-dimensional data capture, simulation, analysis, and visualization workflows for risk assessment and communication SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Visually-Supported Movement Analysis at the Annual Conference of the Association-of-the-Geographic-Laboratories-of-Europe (AGILE) CY 2016 CL Helsinki, FINLAND SP Assoc Geog Labs Europe DE Geovisualization; crowd simulation; geographical information science; three-dimensional geographic information systems; emergency management; evacuation ID EMERGENCY; SUPPORT; REALITY AB This article presents exploratory research to develop new workflows that address the challenges of adequately capturing the geometry and topology of complex institutional spaces, the analysis of prescriptive evacuation plans, and the simulation of human movement and behavior in emergency scenarios. We present a collection of geovisual analytical environments that were developed to permit new ways to view and assess risk, evacuation, and human movement. Part of this research considers how different approaches to the representation of complex institutional space, using three-dimensional capture technologies at multiple resolutions (or derived from conventional formats, such as building plans), have implicit advantages or liabilities in the analysis of risk and human evacuation. We combine three-dimensional data capture methods with geographical information science theory, three-dimensional game engines, three-dimensional evacuation simulations and spatial analyses that address the variability of campus populations, and draw upon three-dimensional modeling and photogrammetry for the assessment of real-world features in digital space. The outcome of this research demonstrates agile workflows that address emergency planning requirements, but could also enable enhanced visual analysis and interactive learning by all campus citizens. Furthermore, this work reveals key considerations and limitations associated with the dynamic nature of evacuation events and the static environments in which they have been simulated. C1 [Lochhead, Ian M.; Hedley, Nick] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Hedley, N (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. 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Vis. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 18 IS 1 BP 173 EP 192 DI 10.1177/1473871617720811 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HF3PC UT WOS:000454146000010 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cho, GH Ha, KM AF Cho, Gook Hyung Ha, Kyoo-Man TI Emergency awareness for animals: a Korean experience SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Emergency unawareness; cattle; wild animals; pets; comprehensive emergency management ID DISASTERS AB Despite the significant number of animals or the high frequency of animal-related emergencies, Korea remains in the middle of emergency unawareness when it comes to handling the animals. The goal of this article is to examine how emergency unawareness for animals in Korea can be improved for the ultimate goal of emergency management. This article used qualitative content analysis as the major methodology. A careful comparison between emergency unawareness and emergency awareness for animals was done by cross-examining various animals and major stakeholders. One major finding is that Korea needs to recognize and strengthen the need for emergency awareness toward animals that are affected by emergencies (e.g. rescuing of pets during natural disasters like typhoons with flooding) as well as toward animals that caused and at the same time that are affected by emergencies (e.g. bird flu). Neighbouring nations may learn the significance of comprehensive emergency management for their animal emergency issues. This research is valuable because it used a more comprehensive perspective on animal issues compared with similar studies. C1 [Cho, Gook Hyung] Sangji Univ, Dept Publ Adm, Wonju, Gangwon Do, South Korea. [Ha, Kyoo-Man] Inje Univ, Korea Environm & Safety Inst, 197 Inje Ro, Gimhae City 50834, Gyeongnam, South Korea. 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Appl. Anim. Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2019 VL 47 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1080/09712119.2018.1561370 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA HF4IP UT WOS:000454197200001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Borzooei, S Teegavarapu, R Abolfathi, S Amerlinck, Y Nopens, I Zanetti, MC AF Borzooei, Sina Teegavarapu, Ramesh Abolfathi, Soroush Amerlinck, Youri Nopens, Ingmar Zanetti, Maria Chiara TI Data Mining Application in Assessment of Weather-Based Influent Scenarios for a WWTP: Getting the Most Out of Plant Historical Data SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Waste water treatment plant; Combined sewer system; Data mining; Wet-weather; Historical data ID BEHAVIOR; EVENTS; SOLIDS; BOD AB Since the introduction of environmental legislations and directives, the impact of combined sewer overflows (CSO) on receiving water bodies has become a priority concern in water and wastewater treatment industry. Time-consuming and expensive local sampling and monitoring campaigns are usually carried out to estimate the characteristic flow and pollutant concentrations of CSO water. This study focuses on estimating the frequency and duration of wet-weather events and their impacts on influent flow and wastewater characteristics of the largest Italian wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Castiglione Torinese. Eight years (viz. 2009-2016) of historical data in addition to arithmetic mean daily precipitation rates (P-I) of the plant catchment area are elaborated. Relationships between P-I and volumetric influent flow rate (Q(in)), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium (N-NH4), and total suspended solids (TSS) are investigated. A time series data mining (TSDM) method is implemented with MATLAB computing package for segmentation of time series by use of a sliding window algorithm (SWA) to partition the available records associated with wet and dry weather events. According to the TSDM results, a case-specific wet-weather definition is proposed for the Castiglione Torinese WWTP. Two significant weather-based influent scenarios are assessed by kernel density estimation. The results confirm that the method suggested within this study based on plant routinely collected data can be used for planning the emergency response and long-term preparedness for extreme climate conditions in a WWTP. Implementing the obtained results in dynamic process simulation models can improve the plant operational efficiency in managing the fluctuating loads. C1 [Borzooei, Sina; Zanetti, Maria Chiara] Politecn Torino, Dept Environm Land & Infrastruct Engn DIATI, Corso Duca Abruzzi, I-10129 Turin, TO, Italy. [Teegavarapu, Ramesh] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Abolfathi, Soroush] Univ Warwick, Sch Engn, Warwick Water Res Grp, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Amerlinck, Youri; Nopens, Ingmar] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Data Anal & Math Modelling, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Borzooei, S (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Environm Land & Infrastruct Engn DIATI, Corso Duca Abruzzi, I-10129 Turin, TO, Italy. EM Sina.borzooei@polito.it; rteegava@fau.edu; Soroush.abolfathi@warwick.ac.uk; Youri.Amerlinck@ugent.be; Ingmar.Nopens@ugent.be; mariachiara.zanetti@polito.it RI Borzooei, Sina/C-4854-2015 OI Borzooei, Sina/0000-0002-0694-3064 FU SMAT (Societa Metropolitana Acque Torino) FX This project was financially supported by SMAT (Societa Metropolitana Acque Torino). CR [Anonymous], 1994, MET AN ACQ Antunes C. 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PD JAN PY 2019 VL 230 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.1007/s11270-018-4053-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HE5BO UT WOS:000453385900001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hu, X Zhang, XJ Wei, JC AF Hu, Xi Zhang, Xiujuan Wei, Jiuchang TI Public Attention to Natural Hazard Warnings on Social Media in China SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Social Science; Broadcasting; Communications; decision making ID DISASTER MANAGEMENT; RISK COMMUNICATION; SEVERE WEATHER; PERCEPTIONS; TWITTER; INFORMATION; RESPONSES; IMPACT; ENGAGEMENT; EVOLUTION AB Hazard warning is vital in disaster management. The rapid development of social media allows warning producers and receivers to exchange warning messages effectively and sufficiently. This study investigates the factors that influence public attention to natural hazard warning information on social media. Drawing from the protective action decision model and framing theory, this study classifies antecedents into three groups, namely, hazard information, publisher's/reader's characteristics, and frame setting. To test the hypotheses empirically, we select Sina Weibo, the leading social network in China, as the research context. From this platform, 3452 warning messages issued by authorities in the target area are collected. We code each message based on its attributes that are related to our study for linear regression analyses. Results show that all the factors related to publisher's/reader's characteristics exert significant effects on public attention. However, the affected range indicated by a warning message and the formality of the message's language are not significantly related to public attention to the message. C1 [Hu, Xi] Nanjing Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Int Econ & Trade, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xiujuan; Wei, Jiuchang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Management, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Wei, Jiuchang] Univ Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Wei, Jiuchang] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Crisis Management Res, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wei, JC (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Management, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Wei, JC (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Wei, JC (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Crisis Management Res, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM weijc@ustc.edu.cn FU National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0802500]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71522013, 71702180] FX This research was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0802500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71522013 and 71702180). 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Soc. PD JAN PY 2019 VL 11 IS 1 BP 183 EP 197 DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-17-0039.1 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HE6QW UT WOS:000453536700001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Song, K Wang, FW Yi, QL Lu, SQ AF Song, Kun Wang, Fawu Yi, Qinglin Lu, Shuqiang TI Landslide deformation behavior influenced by water level fluctuations of the Three Gorges Reservoir (China) SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Shuping reactivated landslide; Long-term monitoring; Deformation behavior; Water level fluctuation; Hydraulic processes ID DAM-RESERVOIR; SOIL AB Water level fluctuations that occurs during filling-drawdown operations in man-made reservoirs can result in accelerations or reactivations (or even catastrophic failure) of large landslides. For disaster mitigation, a monitoring system comprising manual and automatic GPS systems, borehole inclinometers, and groundwater piezometers was installed to investigate the slope deformation behavior of a large reactivated landslide known as the Shuping landslide at the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. The long-term monitoring data (2003-2015) focused on the landslide deformation, which was triggered by water level fluctuations, is presented in this study. The cumulative displacement curves showed a step-like behavior, suggesting a lower base activity superimposed by phases of acceleration, which appeared during reservoir drawdown periods and rainy seasons. Based on statistical Pearson correlation analysis, the increase in landslide activity is dominated by reservoir water draw down, rather than rainfall. The durations of the slide acceleration phases are much shorter than the reservoir water drawdown durations. Based on in-site piezometer monitoring data and numerical simulation, the potential causes are the hydraulic processes in the slope with much smaller groundwater drawdown velocities and hydraulic gradients in the initial stage of the reservoir water drawdown period. C1 [Song, Kun; Yi, Qinglin; Lu, Shuqiang] China Three Gorges Univ, Hubei Key Lab Disaster Prevent & Mitigat, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China. [Song, Kun; Yi, Qinglin; Lu, Shuqiang] Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Geohazards & Ecoenvi, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China. [Wang, Fawu] Shimane Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan. RP Song, K (reprint author), China Three Gorges Univ, Hubei Key Lab Disaster Prevent & Mitigat, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China.; Song, K (reprint author), Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Geohazards & Ecoenvi, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China. EM songkun@ctgu.edu.cn OI Wang, Fawu/0000-0002-5912-7095 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41702378, 41672313]; Natural Science Foundation of Hubei ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Hubei Province [2015CFB358]; Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area (China Three Gorges University) [2018KDZ12, 2018KDZ01] FX This work was founded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41702378 and 41672313), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2015CFB358) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area (China Three Gorges University) (No. 2018KDZ12 and 2018KDZ01). The authors also appreciate the help from Wu Yi, Guobao Tu, Qingjun Zuo, Yiliang Liu, Guodong Zhang, Gang Li, and Dongsheng Zhao from the China Three Gorges University; and Xiaohan Ma (Department of Land and Resources of Hubei Province) and Qingyue Li (Hubei Gloconn Space Technology Co. LTD) for help with slope deformation monitoring and the geological survey. We are especially grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions, which greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. 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PD DEC 20 PY 2018 VL 247 BP 58 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.10.020 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA HE6EE UT WOS:000453495300006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Clark, DG Ford, JD Tabish, T AF Clark, Dylan G. Ford, James D. Tabish, Taha TI What role can unmanned aerial vehicles play in emergency response in the Arctic: A case study from Canada SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES; NUNAVUT; SEARCH; RESCUE; HEALTH AB This paper examines search and rescue and backcountry medical response constraints in the Canadian Arctic and potential for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to aid in response and preparedness. Semi-structured interviews (n = 18) were conducted with search and rescue responders, Elders, and emergency management officials to collect data on current emergency response and potential for UAV use. UAV test flights (n = 17) were undertaken with community members. We analyzed five years of weather data to examine UAV flight suitability. Numerous challenges face Arctic search and rescue and backcountry emergency response. Changing social and environmental conditions were described as increasing vulnerability to backcountry emergencies. Responders desired additional first aid and emergency training. Legal and weather restrictions were found to limit where, when and who could fly UAVs. UAVs were demonstrated to have potential benefits for hazard monitoring but not for SAR or medical response due to legal restrictions, weather margins, and local capacity. We find that communities are ill-prepared for ongoing SAR demands, let alone a larger disaster. There are numerous limitations to the use of consumer UAVs by Arctic communities. Prevention of backcountry medical emergencies, building resilience to disasters, and first responder training should be prioritized over introducing UAVs to the response system. C1 [Clark, Dylan G.; Ford, James D.] McGill Univ, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Ford, James D.] Univ Leeds, Priestley Int Ctr Climate, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Tabish, Taha] Qaujigiartiit Hlth Res Ctr, Iqaluit, NU, Canada. RP Clark, DG (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM dylan.clark@mail.mcgill.ca RI Ford, James/A-4284-2013 OI Ford, James/0000-0002-2066-3456; Clark, Dylan/0000-0002-3676-6150 FU Canadian Institutes of Health ResearchCanadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [TT6-128271]; National Geographic Young Explorer grantNational Geographic Society FX The research was supported by a team grant in community-based primary health care from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research [TT6-128271]. Funding contributed to research design, data collection, and field work. Funding was also provided by National Geographic Young Explorer grant (DC). Funding contributed to field work expenses. 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Besides, it is a very arduous task to predict the favorable weather conditions and data-rate through the actual deployment of UAVs in post-disaster situations. In this paper, a novel navigation technique for micro-jet has been designed based on the spatial data. The navigation technique has been thought of as a spatial decision problem which has further been solved systematically by means of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique. A Multi Criteria Evaluation Technique has been adopted for effective transformation of spatial and calibration parameters into meaningful decisions. The navigation path has been obtained dynamically based on the solution of the spatial decision problem. This decision problem utilizes the parameters likes wind speed, wind direction, remaining flight time, the distance between the neighboring Shelter Points, the volume of data to be transferred etc. From the simulations, it has been analyzed that the newly proposed navigation technique can significantly improve the flight time of micro-jet by consuming less energy. The proposed approach has a prolonged flight duration and consumes less energy compared to the previously proposed techniques i.e. MIN_ROUTE and ROUTE_PRIORITY for different variations of wind speed and wind direction. Two field trials at different venues have been conducted using a customized micro jet (equipped with a Single Board Computer with 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi connectivity) to analyze, (a) optimal altitude for navigation route at which data transfer rate would be maximum, (b) performance in terms of flight path calibration parameters of micro-jet, data transfer rate and the volume of data transfer while implementing the navigation route generated during simulation at the optimal altitude for a particular wind speed and wind direction. It has been observed that (1) in the initial deployment, at an altitude of 55 meters, for the wind speed 3 m/s and wind direction towards south the highest data rate of 154.51 KBps has been achieved, (2) in the subsequent field trial, during navigation the highest data rate of 942.08 KBps, at 50-55 meters altitude at wind speed of 1.66 m/s and with the wind direction towards north-east, has been achieved. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 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PD DEC 15 PY 2018 VL 162 SI SI BP 220 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.knosys.2018.09.016 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA HF6WC UT WOS:000454378000019 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Parajuli, J Haynes, KE AF Parajuli, Jitendra Haynes, Kingsley E. TI Transportation network analysis in Nepal: a step toward critical infrastructure protection SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Road network; Aviation network; Graph-theoretic analysis; Social network analysis; Critical infrastructure; Nepal ID LESSONS; AID AB Transportation infrastructure is vital for a nation to function smoothly. However, transportations systems are vulnerable to both natural and man-made hazards and breakdowns can have severe consequences. Therefore, it is important that they are protected and resilient against various types of harmful events. Using a graphtheoretic/social network approach, this study finds that the road and aviation networks of Nepal are different in terms of topology and the influence of nodes vary substantially between and across these networks. While Nepal's strategic road network is generally robust and the influential nodes are well distributed spatially, the aviation network is less robust and there exists a single dominant node. The enactment of two national policy actions and the adoption of a new disaster response framework indicate that the Government of Nepal is concerned about the national consequences of calamities on these networks as well as responses in the aftermath of a disastrous event. However, the Government lacks a clear plan for protecting these critical infrastructures or limiting the consequential effects. This study provides some first step guidance for the Government of Nepal in developing a prioritization in the transportation element of a critical infrastructure protection plan intended to ensure resiliency against disruption and failure. C1 [Haynes, Kingsley E.] George Mason Univ, Schar Sch Policy & Govt, 3351 Fairfax Dr,MS 3B1, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. [Haynes, Kingsley E.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Publ Policy, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Haynes, Kingsley E.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Adv Studies, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. 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Transp. Secur. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 101 EP 116 DI 10.1007/s12198-018-0194-0 PG 16 WC Transportation SC Transportation GA HD2LN UT WOS:000452342200003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zuo, F Kurkcu, A Ozbay, K Gao, JQ AF Zuo, Fan Kurkcu, Abdullah Ozbay, Kaan Gao, Jingqin TI Crowdsourcing Incident Information for Emergency Response using Open Data Sources in Smart Cities SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID BAYESIAN-NETWORKS AB Emergency events affect human security and safety as well as the integrity of the local infrastructure. Emergency response officials are required to make decisions using limited information and time. During emergency events, people post updates to social media networks, such as tweets, containing information about their status, help requests, incident reports, and other useful information. In this research project, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model is used to automatically classify incident-related tweets and incident types using Twitter data. Unlike the previous social media information models proposed in the related literature, the LDA is an unsupervised learning model which can be utilized directly without prior knowledge and preparation for data in order to save time during emergencies. Twitter data including messages and geolocation information during two recent events in New York City, the Chelsea explosion and Hurricane Sandy, are used as two case studies to test the accuracy of the LDA model for extracting incident-related tweets and labeling them by incident type. Results showed that the model could extract emergency events and classify them for both small and large-scale events, and the model's hyper-parameters can be shared in a similar language environment to save model training time. Furthermore, the list of keywords generated by the model can be used as prior knowledge for emergency event classification and training of supervised classification models such as support vector machine and recurrent neural network. C1 [Zuo, Fan; Gao, Jingqin] NYU, C2SMART Ctr, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Kurkcu, Abdullah] NYU, C2SMART Ctr, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Tandon Sch Engn,CUSP, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Ozbay, Kaan] NYU, C2SMART Ctr Tier USDOT UTC, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Ozbay, Kaan] NYU, CUSP, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY USA. RP Zuo, F (reprint author), NYU, C2SMART Ctr, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. EM fz380@nyu.edu FU C2SMART Tier 1 University Transportation Center at New York University; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1541164] FX The research work presented in this paper was partially supported by C2SMART Tier 1 University Transportation Center at New York University. Part of this material presented in this paper is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1541164. The Twitter data used in this study is from a past research project by Arkaitz Zubiaga and Heng Ji (24). CR Alazawi Z., 2011, 2011 11th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST), P361, DOI 10.1109/ITST.2011.6060083 Alazawi Z., 2014, P 2014 ACM INT WORKS, P1, DOI DOI 10.1145/2633661.2633670 Ashktorab Z., 2014, P 11 INT C INF SYST, P354 Bird S, 2009, NATURAL LANGUAGE PRO Blake E. 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B., 1982, FRACTAL GEOMETRY NAT Morgul E., 2016, 95 ANN M TRANSP RES Morgul EF, 2014, TRANSPORT RES REC, P106, DOI 10.3141/2442-12 Ozbay K, 2006, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V38, P542, DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2005.11.012 Ozbay K., 1999, AR HO IN TR SYST LIB Ritter A., 2011, P C EMP METH NAT LAN, V2011, P1524 Sievert C, 2014, P WORKSH INT LANG LE, P63, DOI DOI 10.13140/2.1.1394.3043 Zhang ZH, 2016, TRANSPORT RES REC, P90, DOI 10.3141/2553-10 Zubiaga A, 2014, SOC NETW ANAL MIN, V4, DOI 10.1007/s13278-014-0163-y NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PD DEC PY 2018 VL 2672 IS 1 BP 198 EP 208 DI 10.1177/0361198118798736 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA HY6AO UT WOS:000468210800018 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hubbard, SML AF Hubbard, Sarah M. L. TI Automated Vehicle Legislative Issues SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB This paper provides a synthesis of issues addressed by state legislation in relation to automated vehicles (AV); technologies are rapidly evolving and many states have developed legislation to govern AV testing and deployment and assure safety on public roads. The expected benefits of AV include increased safety, increased capacity, decreased congestion, increased productivity because of hands-free travel, and increased mobility for people who cannot drive. The projected economic impact of AV is significant, with an estimated market of $7 trillion by 2050. Potential challenges include increased costs, liability and licensing issues, privacy considerations, security and cybersecurity concerns, and potential job losses. Legislative responses to AV technology have varied significantly, depending on the state. Twenty-one states and the District of Columbia have passed legislation related to AV, and six states have executive orders. Even after federal AV legislation is passed, there will still be an important role for states in AV licensure, registration, insurance, traffic laws, enforcement, infrastructure, and emergency response. The objective of this research is to identify and synthesize current state legislation related to AV, which shows diverse responses and has led to a patchwork of operating conditions from state to state. The information presented in this paper provides important information as agencies and decision makers develop strategic plans for AV activities at every level, and serves an important function by documenting the evolution of issues related to AV which is an important part of transportation history. C1 [Hubbard, Sarah M. L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hubbard, SML (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sarahh@purdue.edu FU Joint Transportation Research Program FX This work was supported in part by the Joint Transportation Research Program administered by the Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University. The author would also like to thank Mike Smith, Jim Sturdevant and Tim Wells of INDOT, and Keith Hoernschemeyer and Karen Stippich of FHWA for serving on the Advisory Committee and providing valuable input. The author would also like to thank Amanda Essex of the NCSL, the Indiana Motor Trucking Association, and Tony Petraglia for their input. CR [Anonymous], 2011, ACT REL TRANSP AUTH [Anonymous], 2017, SMART AUTONOMOUS VEH [Anonymous], 2012, B10931 DC COUNC DIST [Anonymous], 2017, REQ INF CONN AUT VEH Baker C., 2016, 572 GOV MASS Buchanan-King M., 2016, VIRGINIA TECH N 0611 Burden M., 2017, DETROIT NEWS DI 0703 California Department of Motor Vehicles, 2017, AUT VEH CAL Carney J., 2017, 14 GOV DEL Carpenter S., 2017, SO CALIFORNIA P 0712 Clements L., 2017, 96 ANN M TRANSP RES Ducey D., 2015, 201509 OFF AR GOV Fagnant DJ, 2015, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V77, P167, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.003 Gear A., 2016, WIRED Hirsch J., 2016, TRUCKS 0321 IndustryWeek, 2017, INDUSTRYWEEK 0126 Inslee J., 2017, 1702 GOV STAT WASH Johnson R., 2017, STATESCOOP SCOO 0612 Korosec K., 2016, FORTUNE Lewis P., 2017, SPECULATION AUTOMATE Maddox T., 2017, TECHREPUBLIC 0510 Marshall Aarian, 2017, WIRED Morris David Z., 2017, FORTUNE National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2016, FED AUT VEH POL ACC Naughton K., 2017, BLOOMBERG TECHNOLOGY NCSL, 2017, AUT VEH SELF DRIV VE U. S. Department of Transportation, 2017, US DEP TRANSP DES 10 United States S, 1885, AM VIS SAF TRANSP AD Walker S., 2017, 245 STAT WISC OFF GO NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PD DEC PY 2018 VL 2672 IS 7 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1177/0361198118774155 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA HX5AI UT WOS:000467412400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Nlenanya, I Smadi, O AF Nlenanya, Inya Smadi, Omar TI Risk Management and Data Needs: A State of the Practice Survey of State Highway Agencies SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Risk management analysis is one of the new requirements under MAP-21 that separates transportation asset management programs from business as usual for the state departments of transportation (DOTs). Based on this requirement, each agency will discuss the concept of risk and how it should be incorporated into its transportation asset management program as well as how it informs maintenance practices, asset replacement or rehabilitation, and emergency management and response planning. This will require an agency to provide a list of risk exposures and document its system-wide risk management strategy. This paper presents the results of a state of the practice survey of how agencies are developing their risk-based asset management plan and discusses recommendations for future research. The results show that state highway agencies are increasingly adapting the way they do business to include explicit considerations of risks. At the moment, this consideration of risk is not linked to data, and as a result most agencies do not have a data driven way of tracking risk and updating their risk exposures. The significance of the results highlights the need for further research on data driven risk management and to synthesize methodologies for integrating risk assessment into an agency's decision-making process. C1 [Nlenanya, Inya; Smadi, Omar] Iowa State Univ, Inst Transportat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nlenanya, I (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Inst Transportat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM inya@iastate.edu CR Akofio-Sowah MA, 2016, TRANSPORT RES REC, P1, DOI 10.3141/2593-01 [Anonymous], 2009, 31000 ISO Berg H.-P., 2010, RELIABILITY RISK ANA, V5 2, P79 Boadi R. S., 2011, THESIS Congress US, 2012, MOV AH PROGR 21 CENT, p[113, 1201, 1202] Curtis JA, 2012, TRANSPORT RES REC, P57, DOI 10.3141/2271-07 D'Ignazio J., 2011, 202474 NCHRP TRANSP Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), 2007, FHWAIF08008 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), 2012, FHWAHIF12035 US DEP Flannery A, 2015, TRANSPORT RES REC, P74, DOI 10.3141/2532-09 Flintsch G. W., 2006, ASSET MANAGEMENT DAT Hawkins N. R., 2013, 439 NCHRP TRANSP RES Herrera EK, 2017, TRANSPORT RES REC, P1, DOI 10.3141/2604-01 McGuire T. B., 2014, THESIS U COLORADO BO O'Har JP, 2017, TRANSPORT RES REC, P19, DOI 10.3141/2604-03 Proctor G. D., 2012, FHWAHIF12036 Transportation Research Board, 2016, 0893 NCHRP TRANSP RE NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PD DEC PY 2018 VL 2672 IS 44 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1177/0361198118782764 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA HW7NJ UT WOS:000466876100006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bukvic, A Gohlke, J Borate, A Suggs, J AF Bukvic, Anamaria Gohlke, Julia Borate, Aishwarya Suggs, Jessica TI Aging in Flood-Prone Coastal Areas: Discerning the Health and Well-Being Risk for Older Residents SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE aging; adaptation; climate change; coastal; vulnerability ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HURRICANE KATRINA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEW-YORK; DISASTER PREPAREDNESS; PHYSICAL HEALTH; HAMPTON ROADS; NEW-ORLEANS AB Coastal communities are increasingly exposed to more intense and frequent hurricanes, accelerated sea-level rise, and prolonged tidal inundation, yet they are often a preferred retirement destination for older adults vulnerable to flooding and extreme weather events. The unique physical and psychosocial challenges of older population age 65 and over may affect their level of preparedness, capacity to cope with, and ability to respond and recover from a hazard event. Despite the clear vulnerabilities of older residents living in high-risk areas when compared to younger coastal populations, there is a lack of empirical research on the integrated flood risks to this population group in the coastal context. This paper provides a holistic assessment of this emerging problem along the U.S. East Coast by measuring the exposure of older population to sea level rise and storm surge in coastal counties. It further evaluates how age-related vulnerabilities differ between rural and urban settings using the case study approach and geospatial and statistical analysis the paper also conducts a review of scientific literature to identify gaps in the current understanding of health and well-being risks to aging populations in coastal communities. The results show that older populations are unevenly distributed along the U.S. East Coast with some states and counties having significantly higher percent of residents age 65 and older living along the shoreline. Many places with larger older populations have other attributes that further shape the vulnerability of this age group such as older housing stock, disabilities, and lower income and that often differ between rural and urban settings. Lastly, our study found that vast majority of research on aging in high-risk coastal locations has been conducted in relation to major disasters and almost none on the recurrent nuisance flooding that is already affecting many coastal communities. C1 [Bukvic, Anamaria] Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Gohlke, Julia] Virginia Tech, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Borate, Aishwarya] Virginia Tech, Urban Affairs & Planning, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Suggs, Jessica] Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Bukvic, A (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ana.bukvic@vt.edu; jgohlke@vt.edu; baish94@vt.edu; jesss93@vt.edu OI Gohlke, Julia/0000-0002-6984-2893 FU Faculty Affiliate Research Grant from the Center for Gerontology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute; State University, Blacksburg, Virginia; National Science Foundation CRISP Type 1/Collaborative Research: A Human-Centered Computational Framework for Urban and Community Design of Resilient Coastal Cities [1638283] FX This research was funded by the Faculty Affiliate Research Grant from the Center for Gerontology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, in support of ElderSTRONG research agenda. It was also supported by the National Science Foundation CRISP Type 1/Collaborative Research: A Human-Centered Computational Framework for Urban and Community Design of Resilient Coastal Cities grant No. 1638283. 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J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD DEC PY 2018 VL 15 IS 12 AR 2900 DI 10.3390/ijerph15122900 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HI5XH UT WOS:000456527000291 PM 30567352 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Bittner, K d'Angelo, P Korner, M Reinartz, P AF Bittner, Ksenia d'Angelo, Pablo Koerner, Marco Reinartz, Peter TI DSM-to-LoD2: Spaceborne Stereo Digital Surface Model Refinement SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE conditional generative adversarial networks; digital surface model; 3D scene refinement; 3D building shape; urban region ID ELEVATION MODELS AB A digital surface model (DSM) provides the geometry and structure of an urban environment with buildings being the most prominent objects in it. Built-up areas change with time due to the rapid expansion of cities. New buildings are being built, existing ones are expanded, and old buildings are torn down. As a result, 3D surface models can increase the understanding and explanation of complex urban scenarios. They are very useful in numerous fields of remote sensing applications, in tasks related to 3D reconstruction and city modeling, planning, visualization, disaster management, navigation, and decision-making, among others. DSMs are typically derived from various acquisition techniques, like photogrammetry, laser scanning, or synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The generation of DSMs from very high resolution optical stereo satellite imagery leads to high resolution DSMs which often suffer from mismatches, missing values, or blunders, resulting in coarse building shape representation. To overcome these problems, we propose a method for 3D surface model generation with refined building shapes to level of detail (LoD) 2 from stereo half-meter resolution satellite DSMs using deep learning techniques. Mainly, we train a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) with an objective function based on least square residuals to generate an accurate LoD2-like DSM with enhanced 3D object shapes directly from the noisy stereo DSM input. In addition, to achieve close to LoD2 shapes of buildings, we introduce a new approach to generate an artificial DSM with accurate and realistic building geometries from city geography markup language (CityGML) data, on which we later perform a training of the proposed cGAN architecture. The experimental results demonstrate the strong potential to create large-scale remote sensing elevation models where the buildings exhibit better-quality shapes and roof forms than just using the matching process. Moreover, the developed model is successfully applied to a different city that is unseen during the training to show its generalization capacity. C1 [Bittner, Ksenia; d'Angelo, Pablo; Reinartz, Peter] Remote Sensing Technol Inst, German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Munchner Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. [Koerner, Marco] TUM, Dept Civil Geo & Environm Engn, Arcisstr 21, D-80333 Munich, Germany. RP Bittner, K (reprint author), Remote Sensing Technol Inst, German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Munchner Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. EM ksenia.bittner@dlr.de; pablo.angelo@dlr.de; marco.koerner@tum.de; peter.reinartz@dlr.de RI Reinartz, Peter/O-2174-2019; Stilla, Uwe/H-1534-2011 OI Stilla, Uwe/0000-0002-1184-0924; Reinartz, Peter/0000-0002-8122-1475 FU German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD:DLR/DAAD Research Fellowship) [57186656] FX This research was funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD:DLR/DAAD Research Fellowship Nr. 57186656) for Ksenia Bittner. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 10 IS 12 AR 1926 DI 10.3390/rs10121926 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HH3RS UT WOS:000455637600068 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chen, Q Poropat, L Zhang, LJ Dobslaw, H Weigelt, M van Dam, T AF Chen, Qiang Poropat, Lea Zhang, Liangjing Dobslaw, Henryk Weigelt, Matthias van Dam, Tonie TI Validation of the EGSIEM GRACE Gravity Fields Using GNSS Coordinate Timeseries and In-Situ Ocean Bottom Pressure Records SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE EGSIEM; GRACE; combined solutions; validation; GNSS time series; in-situ OBP records ID MASS VARIABILITY; EARTH; GPS; DISPLACEMENTS; DEFORMATION; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Over the 15 years of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission, various data processing approaches were developed to derive time-series of global gravity fields based on sensor observations acquired from the two spacecrafts. In this paper, we compare GRACE-based mass anomalies provided by various processing groups against Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) station coordinate time-series and in-situ observations of ocean bottom pressure. In addition to the conventional GRACE-based global geopotential models from the main processing centers, we focus particularly on combined gravity field solutions generated within the Horizon2020 project European Gravity Service for Improved Emergency Management (EGSIEM). Although two validation techniques are fully independent from each other, it is demonstrated that they confirm each other to a large extent. Through the validation, we show that the EGSIEM combined long-term monthly solutions are comparable to CSR RL05 and ITSG2016, and better than the other three considered GRACE monthly solutions AIUB RL02, GFZ RL05a, and JPL RL05.1. Depending on the GNSS products, up to 25.6% mean Weighted Root-Mean-Square (WRMS) reduction is obtained when comparing GRACE to the ITRF2014 residuals over 236 GNSS stations. In addition, we also observe remarkable agreement at the annual period between GNSS and GRACE with up to 73% median WRMS reduction when comparing GRACE to the 312 EGSIEM-reprocessed GNSS time series. While the correspondence between GRACE and ocean bottom pressure data is overall much smaller due to lower signal to noise ratio over the oceans than over the continents, up to 50% agreement is found between them in some regions. The results fully confirm the conclusions found using GNSS. C1 [Chen, Qiang; van Dam, Tonie] Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, Geophys Lab, L-4365 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Poropat, Lea; Zhang, Liangjing; Dobslaw, Henryk] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Weigelt, Matthias] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Geodesy, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, Geophys Lab, L-4365 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.; Poropat, L (reprint author), GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. EM qiang.chen@uni.lu; jzhang@gfz-potsdam.de; jzhang@gfz-potsdam.de; dobslaw@gfz-potsdam.de; weigelt@ife.uni-hannover.de; tonie.vandam@uni.lu RI ; van Dam, Tonie/G-5822-2014 OI Poropat, Lea/0000-0001-9711-495X; Chen, Qiang/0000-0003-1847-2893; van Dam, Tonie/0000-0001-6562-6563 FU European Union's Horizon2020 research and innovation program [637010] FX This research was supported by the European Union's Horizon2020 research and innovation program under the Grant Agreement No.637010. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 10 IS 12 AR 1976 DI 10.3390/rs10121976 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HH3RS UT WOS:000455637600118 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gstaiger, V Tian, JJ Kiefl, R Kurz, F AF Gstaiger, Veronika Tian, Jiaojiao Kiefl, Ralph Kurz, Franz TI 2D vs. 3D Change Detection Using Aerial Imagery to Support Crisis Management of Large-Scale Events SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE crisis management support; aerial imagery; large-scale event; 2D change detection; 3D change detection ID BUILDING DAMAGE; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; CIVIL PROTECTION; TIME-SERIES; SATELLITE; EARTHQUAKE; LANDSLIDE; LANDSAT; TOOL; PHOTOGRAMMETRY AB Large-scale events represent a special challenge for crisis management. To ensure that participants can enjoy an event safely and carefree, it must be comprehensively prepared and attentively monitored. Remote sensing can provide valuable information to identify potential risks and take appropriate measures in order to prevent a disaster, or initiate emergency aid measures as quickly as possible in the event of an emergency. Especially, three-dimensional (3D) information that is derived using photogrammetry can be used to analyze the terrain and map existing structures that are set up at short notice. Using aerial imagery acquired during a German music festival in 2016 and the celebration of the German Protestant Church Assembly of 2017, the authors compare two-dimensional (2D) and novel fusion-based 3D change detection methods, and discuss their suitability for supporting large-scale events during the relevant phases of crisis management. This study serves to find out what added value the use of 3D change information can provide for on-site crisis management. Based on the results, an operational, fully automatic processor for crisis management operations and corresponding products for end users can be developed. C1 [Gstaiger, Veronika; Tian, Jiaojiao; Kurz, Franz] German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, Muenchener Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. [Kiefl, Ralph] German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, Muenchener Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. RP Gstaiger, V (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, Muenchener Str 20, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. EM veronika.gstaiger@dlr.de; jiaojiao.tian@dlr.de; ralph.kiefl@dlr.de; franz.kurz@dlr.de CR Alexander D., 2012, P NZSEE C, V45, P1 Bello OM, 2014, PROCD SOC BEHV, V120, P365, DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.02.114 Biljecki F, 2015, ISPRS INT GEO-INF, V4, P2842, DOI 10.3390/ijgi4042842 Bundesamt fur Bevolkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK), 2016, BAUST SICH GRO VER Colomina I, 2014, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V92, P79, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.013 Corbane C, 2011, PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S, V77, P997, DOI 10.14358/PERS.77.10.0997 d'Angelo P, 2011, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V39-4, P79 Deng JS, 2008, INT J REMOTE SENS, V29, P4823, DOI 10.1080/01431160801950162 Dollner J., 2006, P 25 URB DAT MAN S U Dong LG, 2013, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V84, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.06.011 Erdelj M, 2017, COMPUT NETW, V124, P72, DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2017.05.021 Frassl M, 2012, COMM COM INF SC, V318, P475 Gahler M., 2016, ENV APPL REMOTE SENS, DOI [10.5772/62183, DOI 10.5772/62183] Gerke M, 2016, PHOTOGRAMM FERNERKUN, P17, DOI 10.1127/pfg/2016/0284 Gstaiger V, 2015, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V47, P1189, DOI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-7-W3-1189-2015 Johnson RD, 1998, INT J REMOTE SENS, V19, P411, DOI 10.1080/014311698216062 Joyce KE, 2009, PROG PHYS GEOG, V33, P183, DOI 10.1177/0309133309339563 Krauss T, 2013, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V40-1, P177 Kurz F., 2014, REAL TIME MAPPING HE Kurz F, 2012, PHOTOGRAMM FERNERKUN, P159, DOI 10.1127/1432-8364/2012/0109 Lechner K., 2017, P 4 INT C INF COMM T, P1, DOI [10.1109/ICT-DM.2017.8275682, DOI 10.1109/ICT-DM.2017.8275682] Lee J, 2008, GEOSPATIAL INFORM TE, V6, P143 Lichter M, 2015, ISPRS INT GEO-INF, V4, P1827, DOI 10.3390/ijgi4041827 Lu D, 2004, INT J REMOTE SENS, V25, P2365, DOI 10.1080/0143116031000139863 Martha TR, 2010, IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S, V7, P582, DOI 10.1109/LGRS.2010.2041895 Mueller N, 2016, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V174, P341, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.003 Nichol J, 2005, INT J REMOTE SENS, V26, P1913, DOI 10.1080/01431160512331314047 Nielsen AA, 2007, IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS, V16, P463, DOI 10.1109/TIP.2006.888195 Paolini L, 2006, INT J REMOTE SENS, V27, P685, DOI 10.1080/01431160500183057 Qin R, 2016, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V122, P41, DOI 10.1016/j.iprsjprs.2016.09.013 Reiche J, 2018, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V204, P147, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.034 Restas A., 2015, WORLD J ENG TECHNOLO, V3, P316, DOI DOI 10.4236/WJET.2015.33C047 Romer H, 2016, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V41, P1363, DOI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-1363-2016 Sanders BF, 2007, ADV WATER RESOUR, V30, P1831, DOI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2007.02.005 Scharstein D, 2014, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V8753, P31, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-11752-2_3 Schilling H, 2018, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V136, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2017.11.023 Tian JJ, 2019, INT J IMAGE DATA FUS, V10, P1, DOI 10.1080/19479832.2018.1513957 Tian J, 2015, INT J IMAGE DATA FUS, V6, P155, DOI 10.1080/19479832.2014.1001879 Tralli DM, 2005, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V59, P185, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2005.02.002 Turmer S, 2014, THESIS Turner D, 2015, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V7, P1736, DOI 10.3390/rs70201736 Voigt S, 2011, PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S, V77, P923, DOI 10.14358/PERS.77.9.923 Westoby MJ, 2012, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V179, P300, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.08.021 Zhang JX, 2010, INT J IMAGE DATA FUS, V1, P5, DOI 10.1080/19479830903561035 ZWEIG MH, 1993, CLIN CHEM, V39, P561 NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 10 IS 12 AR 2054 DI 10.3390/rs10122054 PG 19 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HH3RS UT WOS:000455637600196 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Osgood, D Powell, B Diro, R Farah, C Enenkel, M Brown, ME Husak, G Blakeley, SL Hoffman, L McCarty, JL AF Osgood, Daniel Powell, Bristol Diro, Rahel Farah, Carlos Enenkel, Markus Brown, Molly E. Husak, Greg Blakeley, S. Lucille Hoffman, Laura McCarty, Jessica L. TI Farmer Perception, Recollection, and Remote Sensing in Weather Index Insurance: An Ethiopia Case Study SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE citizen scientists; climate risk; community-based observing networks; disaster risk management; disaster preparedness; disaster risk reduction ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LOCAL PERCEPTIONS; YIELD PREDICTION; DECISION-MAKING; CROP PRODUCTION; SOIL-MOISTURE; RAINFALL; VARIABILITY; DROUGHT; PRECIPITATION AB A challenge in addressing climate risk in developing countries is that many regions have extremely limited formal data sets, so for these regions, people must rely on technologies like remote sensing for solutions. However, this means the necessary formal weather data to design and validate remote sensing solutions do not exist. Therefore, many projects use farmers' reported perceptions and recollections of climate risk events, such as drought. However, if these are used to design risk management interventions such as insurance, there may be biases and limitations which could potentially lead to a problematic product. To better understand the value and validity of farmer perceptions, this paper explores two related questions: (1) Is there evidence that farmers reporting data have any information about actual drought events, and (2) is there evidence that it is valuable to address recollection and perception issues when using farmer-reported data? We investigated these questions by analyzing index insurance, in which remote sensing products trigger payments to farmers during loss years. Our case study is perhaps the largest participatory farmer remote sensing insurance project in Ethiopia. We tested the cross-consistency of farmer-reported seasonal vulnerabilities against the years reported as droughts by independent satellite data sources. We found evidence that farmer-reported events are independently reflected in multiple remote sensing datasets, suggesting that there is legitimate information in farmer reporting. Repeated community-based meetings over time and aggregating independent village reports over space lead to improved predictions, suggesting that it may be important to utilize methods to address potential biases. C1 [Osgood, Daniel; Powell, Bristol; Diro, Rahel; Enenkel, Markus; Hoffman, Laura] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, New York, NY 10964 USA. [Brown, Molly E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Husak, Greg; Blakeley, S. Lucille] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [McCarty, Jessica L.] Miami Univ, Dept Geog, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Osgood, D (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, New York, NY 10964 USA. EM deo@iri.columbia.edu; bfpowell@iri.columbia.edu; rld@iri.columbia.edu; cfarahj@gmail.com; menenkel@iri.columbia.edu; mbrown52@umd.edu; husak@geog.ucsb.edu; blakeley@umail.ucsb.edu; lth2117@columbia.edu; jmccarty@miamioh.edu RI Brown, Molly Elizabeth/L-7270-2019; Brown, Molly/E-2724-2010 OI Brown, Molly/0000-0001-7384-3314; Husak, Gregory/0000-0003-2647-7870 FU NASA's Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Science grant [NNH12ZDA001N-IDS]; United States Agency for International Development (USAID)United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Joint NASA/USAID SERVIR program [NNH12AA54C]; ILO's Microinsurance Innovation Facility [PG004060, ILO CU11-0558] FX Funding for this research was provided under NASA's Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Science grant NNH12ZDA001N-IDS. Additional resources were provided by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), partially through the Joint NASA/USAID SERVIR program under contract NNH12AA54C and ILO's Microinsurance Innovation Facility contract to the International Research Institute for Climate and Society at Columbia University "Using Satellites to Make Index Insurance Scalable" PG004060, ILO CU11-0558. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 10 IS 12 AR 1887 DI 10.3390/rs10121887 PG 24 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HH3RS UT WOS:000455637600029 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Spruce, J Bolten, J Srinivasan, R Lakshmi, V AF Spruce, Joseph Bolten, John Srinivasan, Raghavan Lakshmi, Venkat TI Developing Land Use Land Cover Maps for the Lower Mekong Basin to Aid Hydrologic Modeling and Basin Planning SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE land use land cover mapping; SWAT hydrologic modeling disaster management; water resource management; agricultural monitoring ID PHENOLOGY; NDVI AB This paper discusses research methodology to develop Land Use Land Cover (LULC) maps for the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) for basin planning, using both MODIS and Landsat satellite data. The 2010 MODIS MOD09 and MYD09 8-day reflectance data was processed into monthly NDVI maps with the Time Series Product Tool software package and then used to classify regionally common forest and agricultural LULC types. Dry season circa 2010 Landsat top of atmosphere reflectance mosaics were classified to map locally common LULC types. Unsupervised ISODATA clustering was used to derive most LULC classifications. MODIS and Landsat classifications were combined with GIS methods to derive final 250-m LULC maps for Sub-basins (SBs) 1-8 of the LMB. The SB 7 LULC map with 14 classes was assessed for accuracy. This assessment compared random locations for sampled types on the SB 7 LULC map to geospatial reference data such as Landsat RGBs, MODIS NDVI phenologic profiles, high resolution satellite data, and Mekong River Commission data (e.g., crop calendars). The SB 7 LULC map showed an overall agreement to reference data of similar to 81%. By grouping three deciduous forest classes into one, the overall agreement improved to similar to 87%. The project enabled updated regional LULC maps that included more detailed agriculture LULC types. LULC maps were supplied to project partners to improve use of Soil and Water Assessment Tool for modeling hydrology and water use, plus enhance LMB water and disaster management in a region vulnerable to flooding, droughts, and anthropogenic change as part of basin planning and assessment. C1 [Spruce, Joseph] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 88384 Diamondhead Dr East, Diamondhead, MS 39525 USA. [Bolten, John] NASA, Hydrol Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 617, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lakshmi, Venkat] Univ South Carolina, Sch Earth Ocean & Environm, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Spruce, J (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 88384 Diamondhead Dr East, Diamondhead, MS 39525 USA. EM j_spruce@outlook.com; john.bolten@nasa.gov; r-srinivasan@tamu.edu; vlakshmi@geol.sc.edu RI Srinivasan, Raghavan/D-3937-2009 OI Srinivasan, Raghavan/0000-0001-8375-6038 FU 2011 NASA ROSES A.33 Earth Science Applications: Disasters grant [NNH11ZDA001N-DISASTER]; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Applied Sciences grant [NNG15HQ01C, 610] FX This work was funded primarily from a 2011 NASA ROSES A.33 Earth Science Applications: Disasters grant (NNH11ZDA001N-DISASTER). Additional funding was received through a NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Applied Sciences grant (NNG15HQ01C) to Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI) that supports the Hydrospheric and Biospheric Sciences (HBS) code 610 at NASA GSFC in various research and engineering activities. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 10 IS 12 AR 1910 DI 10.3390/rs10121910 PG 26 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA HH3RS UT WOS:000455637600052 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zheng, X Maidment, DR Tarboton, DG Liu, YY Passalacqua, P AF Zheng, Xing Maidment, David R. Tarboton, David G. Liu, Yan Y. Passalacqua, Paola TI GeoFlood: Large-Scale Flood Inundation Mapping Based on High-Resolution Terrain Analysis SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE flooding; lidar; HAND; rating curves ID AIRBORNE LIDAR; MODEL; EXTRACTION; FRAMEWORK; VALIDATION; TOPOGRAPHY; DRAINAGE; NETWORK; AREAS; DEMS AB Recent floods from intense storms in the southern United States and the unusually active 2017 Atlantic hurricane season have highlighted the need for real-time flood inundation mapping using high-resolution topography. High-resolution topographic data derived from lidar technology reveal unprecedented topographic details and are increasingly available, providing extremely valuable information for improving inundation mapping accuracy. The enrichment of terrain details from these data sets, however, also brings challenges to the application of many classic approaches designed for lower-resolution data. Advanced methods need to be developed to better use lidar-derived terrain data for inundation mapping. We present a new workflow, GeoFlood, for flood inundation mapping using high-resolution terrain inputs that is simple and computationally efficient, thus serving the needs of emergency responders to rapidly identify possibly flooded locations. First, GeoNet, a method for automatic channel network extraction from high-resolution topographic data, is modified to produce a low-density, high-fidelity river network. Then, a Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) raster is computed to quantify the elevation difference between each land surface cell and the stream bed cell to which it drains, using the network extracted from high-resolution terrain data. This HAND raster is then used to compute reach-average channel hydraulic parameters and synthetic stage-discharge rating curves. Inundation maps are generated from the HAND raster by obtaining a water depth for a given flood discharge from the synthetic rating curve. We evaluate our approach by applying it in the Onion Creek Watershed in Central Texas, comparing the inundation extent results to Federal Emergency Management Agency 100-yr floodplains obtained with detailed local hydraulic studies. We show that the inundation extent produced by GeoFlood overlaps with 60%similar to 90% of the Federal Emergency Management Agency floodplain coverage demonstrating that it is able to capture the general inundation patterns and shows significant potential for informing real-time flood disaster preparedness and response. Plain Language Summary Simple and computationally efficient flood inundation mapping methods are needed to take advantage of increasingly available high-resolution topography data. In this work, we present a new approach, called GeoFlood, for flood inundation mapping using high-resolution topographic data. This approach combines GeoNet, an advanced method for high-resolution terrain data analysis, and the Height Above Nearest Drainage. GeoFlood can rapidly convert real-time forecasted river flow conditions to corresponding flood maps. A case study in central Texas demonstrated that the flood maps generated with our approach capture the majority of the inundated extent reported by detailed Federal Emergency Management Agency flood studies. Our results show that GeoFlood is a valuable solution for rapid inundation mapping. C1 [Zheng, Xing; Maidment, David R.; Passalacqua, Paola] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zheng, Xing; Maidment, David R.; Passalacqua, Paola] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Tarboton, David G.] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Liu, Yan Y.] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL USA. RP Passalacqua, P (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Passalacqua, P (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Water & Environm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM paola@austin.utexas.edu RI Passalacqua, Paola/M-6831-2019; Tarboton, David/G-8972-2011 OI Tarboton, David/0000-0002-1998-3479 FU Texas Division of Emergency Management [26-3215-2275]; Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI); National Water Center at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) FX This research has been supported by Texas Division of Emergency Management under grant 26-3215-2275. Part of this study was conducted during the National Flood Interoperability Experiment (NFIE), a collaboration between the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI) and the National Water Center at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). We thank the Texas Natural Resources Information System (TNRIS) for providing the lidar data. We thank the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) for providing the computing resources. The data and the software related to this paper are available on HydroShare for public access at https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.da4ccabbb6c64b39a053d5b288ecbf34. 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Therefore, this paper models a grid optimization module consisting of a mid and low (microgrid) voltage level grid component of an urban grid network for a disaster recovery. The model minimizes the cost of generation required to meet the demand through the economic dispatch in combination with the unit commitment. Two optimization problems are formulated that resemble the grid operation: normal (grid-connected) and islanded. A constrained-based linear programming optimization problem is used to solve the formulated problems, where the dual-simplex algorithm is used as the linear solver. The model ensures sufficient demand to be met during the outages through the N-1 contingency criterion for critical infrastructures. The simulation length is limited to 24 h and is solved using the MATLAB((R)) R2017b software. Three different cases are established to evaluated the modelled grid resilience during the grid-connected or the islanding of operations subject to adversed events. The simulated results provide the economical outage recovery that will maintain the grid resilience across the grid. C1 [Lau, Eng Tseng; Chai, Kok Keong; Chen, Yue] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. [Loo, Jonathan] Univ West London, Sch Comp & Engn, St Marys Rd, London W5 5RF, England. RP Lau, ET (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. EM e.t.lau@qmul.ac.uk; michael.chai@qmul.ac.uk; yue.chen@qmul.ac.uk; jonathan.loo@uwl.ac.uk OI Lau, Eng Tseng/0000-0002-6871-9527 FU Joint Program Initiative (JPI) Urban Europe via the IRENE project [ES/M008509/1] FX This work was fully supported by the Joint Program Initiative (JPI) Urban Europe via the IRENE project. Grant Reference: ES/M008509/1. 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At the same time, there has been a rapid growth of novel and cutting-edge information and communication technologies for the collection, analysis and dissemination of data, re-inventing the way in which risk management is carried out throughout its cycle (risk identification and reduction, preparedness, disaster relief and recovery). The applications of those geospatial technologies are expected to enable better mitigation of, and adaptation to, the disastrous impact of natural hazards. The description of risks may particularly benefit from the integrated use of new algorithms and monitoring techniques. The ability of new tools to carry out intensive analyses over huge datasets makes it possible to perform future risk assessments, keeping abreast of temporal and spatial changes in hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. The present special issue aims to describe the state-of-the-art of natural risk assessment, management, and communication using new geospatial models and Earth Observation (EO)architecture. More specifically, we have collected a number of contributions dealing with: (1) applications of EO data and machine learning techniques for hazard, vulnerability and risk mapping; (2) natural hazards monitoring and forecasting geospatial systems; (3) modeling of spatiotemporal resource optimization for emergency management in the post-disaster phase; and (4) development of tools and platforms for risk projection assessment and communication of inherent uncertainties. C1 [Albano, Raffaele; Sole, Aurelia] Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Albano, R (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. 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Geo-Inf. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 7 IS 12 AR 470 DI 10.3390/ijgi7120470 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HH0GK UT WOS:000455392100018 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, ZW Zhou, XL Shi, WZ Zhang, AS AF Liu, Zhewei Zhou, Xiaolin Shi, Wenzhong Zhang, Anshu TI Towards Detecting Social Events by Mining Geographical Patterns with VGI Data SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION LA English DT Article DE event detection; volunteered geographic information; geographical pattern mining; feature transformation ID TWITTER AB Detecting events using social media data is important for timely emergency response and urban monitoring. Current studies primarily use semantic-based methods, in which bursts of certain semantic signals are detected to identify emerging events. Nevertheless, our consideration is that a social event will not only affect semantic signals but also cause irregular human mobility patterns. By introducing depictive features, such irregular patterns can be used for event detection. Consequently, in this paper, we develop a novel, comprehensive workflow for event detection by mining the geographical patterns of VGI. This workflow first uses data geographical topic modeling to detect the hashtag communities with VGI semantic data. Both global and local indicators are then constructed by introducing spatial autocorrelation measurements. We then adopt an outlier test and generate indicator maps to spatiotemporally identify the potential social events. This workflow was implemented using a real-world dataset (104,000 geo-tagged photos) and the evaluation was conducted both qualitatively and quantitatively. A set of experiments showed that the discovered semantic communities were internally consistent and externally differentiable, and the plausibility of the detected events was demonstrated by referring to the available ground truth. This study examined the feasibility of detecting events by investigating the geographical patterns of social media data and can be applied to urban knowledge retrieval. C1 [Liu, Zhewei; Zhou, Xiaolin; Shi, Wenzhong; Zhang, Anshu] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China. RP Shi, WZ (reprint author), Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China. EM jackie.zw.liu@connect.polyu.hk; xiaolin.zhou@connect.polyu.hk; john.wz.shi@polyu.edu.hk; anshu.zhang@connect.polyu.hk OI SHI, Wenzhong/0000-0002-3886-7027; LIU, Zhewei/0000-0002-4023-9142; ZHOU, Xiaolin/0000-0002-4115-5071 FU Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Polytechnic University [1-ZVF2, 1-ZEAB] FX This study is funded by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [1-ZVF2, 1-ZEAB] CR Abdelhaq F, 2013, PROC VLDB ENDOW, V6, P1326, DOI 10.14778/2536274.2536307 Adams B., 2012, P 6 INT AAAI C WEBL, P375 Alvanaki Foteini, 2012, P 15 INT C EXT DAT T, P336, DOI DOI 10.1145/2247596.2247636 ANSELIN L, 1995, GEOGR ANAL, V27, P93, DOI 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x Bao B.-K., 2013, P 3 ACM C INT C MULT, P135 Becker H., 2011, ICWSM, V11, P438 Blei DM, 2003, J MACH LEARN RES, V3, P993, DOI 10.1162/jmlr.2003.3.4-5.993 Blondel VD, 2008, J STAT MECH-THEORY E, DOI 10.1088/1742-5468/2008/10/P10008 Cordeiro M., 2016, SOLVING LARGE SCALE, P1 Corley CD, 2013, 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY INFORMATICS: BIG DATA, EMERGENT THREATS, AND DECISION-MAKING IN SECURITY INFORMATICS, P61, DOI 10.1109/ISI.2013.6578787 Diao Q., 2013, P 2013 C EMP METH NA, P1869 Earle PS, 2011, ANN GEOPHYS-ITALY, V54, P708, DOI 10.4401/ag-5364 Ester M., 2013, P 7 ACM C REC SYST, P25, DOI DOI 10.1145/2507157.2507174 Gao YZ, 2018, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V32, P425, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2017.1406943 Goodchild MF, 2007, GEOJOURNAL, V69, P211, DOI 10.1007/s10708-007-9111-y Guille A, 2014, 2014 PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING (ASONAM 2014), P375, DOI 10.1109/ASONAM.2014.6921613 Hofmann T, 1999, UNCERTAINTY IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, PROCEEDINGS, P289 Hongli Luo, 2012, Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), P769, DOI 10.1109/ICSESS.2012.6269580 Hu Y., 2012, AAAI, P59 Imran M., 2018, P WEB C 2018 LYON FR, P507 Jones AS, 2018, INFRASTRUCT ASSET MA, V5, P77, DOI 10.1680/jinam.17.00022 Lansley G, 2016, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V58, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2016.04.002 Lee CH, 2012, EXPERT SYST APPL, V39, P9623, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.136 Lee R., 2010, P 2 ACM SIGSPATIAL I, P1, DOI DOI 10.1145/1867699.1867701 Mikolov T., 2013, COMPUTING RES REPOSI, V1301, P3781, DOI DOI 10.1109/TNN.2003.820440] MORAN PAP, 1950, BIOMETRIKA, V37, P17, DOI 10.1093/biomet/37.1-2.17 Newman MEJ, 2006, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V103, P8577, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0601602103 Panteras G, 2015, T GIS, V19, P694, DOI 10.1111/tgis.12122 Paule JDG, 2019, INFORM PROCESS MANAG, V56, P1119, DOI 10.1016/j.ipm.2018.03.011 Petkos G., 2012, P 2 ACM INT C MULT R, P23 Petkos G, 2017, MULTIMED TOOLS APPL, V76, P7897, DOI 10.1007/s11042-016-3378-2 Prateek M, 2016, PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL FRUCT CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENCE, SOCIAL MEDIA AND WEB (ISMW FRUCT 2016), P49 PUKELSHEIM F, 1994, AM STAT, V48, P88, DOI 10.2307/2684253 Ritter A, 2012, P 18 ACM SIGKDD INT, P1104, DOI [DOI 10.1145/2339530.2339704, 10.1145/2339530.2339704] ROSNER B, 1983, TECHNOMETRICS, V25, P165, DOI 10.2307/1268549 Rykov Y., 2016, P ANIL FRUCT 2016 C, P110 Sakaki T., 2010, P 19 INT C WORLD WID, P851, DOI [DOI 10.1145/1772690.1772777, 10.1145/1772690.1772777] Schinas M., 2018, ARXIV180703675 Steiger E, 2016, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V30, P1694, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2015.1099658 Thapen N, 2016, J BIOMED SEMANT, V7, DOI 10.1186/s13326-016-0103-z Wachowicz M, 2016, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V30, P1806, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2016.1144887 Wang C., 2007, P 4 ACM WORKSH GEOGR, P65, DOI DOI 10.1145/1316948.1316967 Wei W., 2015, P ICWSM AAAI, P503 Weiler A, 2017, COMPUT J, V60, P329, DOI 10.1093/comjnl/bxw056 Weng J., 2011, P 4 INT AAAI C WEBL, V11, P401 Yin Z., 2011, P 20 INT C WORLD WID, P247, DOI DOI 10.1145/1963405.1963443 Zhang L, 2013, INT CONF SEMANT, P210, DOI 10.1109/SKG.2013.20 Zhang XM, 2015, NEUROCOMPUTING, V149, P1469, DOI 10.1016/j.neucom.2014.08.045 Zhou DY, 2015, PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-NINTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, P2468 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND EI 2220-9964 J9 ISPRS INT GEO-INF JI ISPRS Int. Geo-Inf. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 7 IS 12 AR 481 DI 10.3390/ijgi7120481 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA HH0GK UT WOS:000455392100029 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Stempel, P Ginis, I Ullman, D Becker, A Witkop, R AF Stempel, Peter Ginis, Isaac Ullman, David Becker, Austin Witkop, Robert TI Real-Time Chronological Hazard Impact Modeling SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE coastal hazards; impact; modeling; ADCIRC; real-time; 3D; damage; visualization ID BOUNDARY OBJECTS; ROLL VORTICES; STORM-SURGE; HURRICANE; CLIMATE; UNCERTAINTY; RISK; CITY AB The potential of using ADvanced CIRCulation model (ADCIRC) to assess the time incremented progression of hazard impacts on individual critical facilities has long been recognized but is not well described. As ADCIRC is applied to create granular impact models, the lack of transparency in the methods is problematic. It becomes difficult to evaluate the entire system in situations where modeling integrates different types of data (e.g., hydrodynamic and existing geospatial point data) and involves multiple disciplines and stakeholders. When considering increased interest in combining hydrodynamic models, existing geospatial information, and advanced visualizations it is necessary to increase transparency and identify the pitfalls that arise out of this integration (e.g., the inadequacy of data to support the resolution of proposed outputs). This paper thus describes an all numerical method to accomplish this integration. It provides an overview of the generation of the hydrodynamic model, describes the all numerical method utilized to model hazard impacts, identifies pitfalls that arise from the integration of existing geospatial data with the hydrodynamic model, and describes an approach to developing a credible basis for determining impacts at a granular scale. The paper concludes by reflecting on the implementation of these methods as part of a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Integrated Emergency Management Training Course (IEMC) and identifies the need to further study the effects of integrated models and visualizations on risk perception. C1 [Stempel, Peter] Rhode Isl Sch Design, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Ginis, Isaac; Ullman, David] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Becker, Austin; Witkop, Robert] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Marine Affairs, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Stempel, P (reprint author), Rhode Isl Sch Design, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM pstempel@risd.edu; iginis@uri.edu; dullman@uri.edu; abecker@uri.edu; robert_witkop@my.uri.edu OI Becker, Austin/0000-0001-9224-7913; Stempel, Peter/0000-0002-0000-4154; Ullman, David/0000-0001-6925-4365 FU Rhode Island Sea Grant; Coastal Institute-University of Rhode Island; USDA National Institute of Food and AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [1014166]; U.S. Department of Homeland SecurityUnited States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) [2015-ST-061-ND0001-01] FX This work has been supported by Rhode Island Sea Grant; The Coastal Institute-University of Rhode Island; the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1014166; and by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number 2015-ST-061-ND0001-01. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S Department of Homeland Security. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 6 IS 4 AR 134 DI 10.3390/jmse6040134 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA HH0NC UT WOS:000455412500027 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chang, MJ Chang, HK Chen, YC Lin, GF Chen, PA Lai, JS Tan, YC AF Chang, Ming-Jui Chang, Hsiang-Kuan Chen, Yun-Chun Lin, Gwo-Fong Chen, Peng-An Lai, Jihn-Sung Tan, Yih-Chi TI A Support Vector Machine Forecasting Model for Typhoon Flood Inundation Mapping and Early Flood Warning Systems SO WATER LA English DT Article DE early flood warning; disaster risk; k-means clustering algorithm; support vector machine; flood inundation forecasting; flood inundation map ID NETWORKS; SURFACE; WEIGHT; RUNOFF; RIVER AB Accurate real-time forecasts of inundation depth and extent during typhoon flooding are crucial to disaster emergency response. To manage disaster risk, the development of a flood inundation forecasting model has been recognized as essential. In this paper, a forecasting model by integrating a hydrodynamic model, k-means clustering algorithm and support vector machines (SVM) is proposed. The task of this study is divided into four parts. First, the SOBEK model is used in simulating inundation hydrodynamics. Second, the k-means clustering algorithm classifies flood inundation data and identifies the dominant clusters of flood gauging stations. Third, SVM yields water level forecasts with 1-3 h lead time. Finally, a spatial expansion module produces flood inundation maps, based on forecasted information from flood gauging stations and consideration of flood causative factors. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed forecasting model, we present an application to the Yilan River basin, Taiwan. 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Comprehending flooding events and their risks is the first step in flood defense and can help to mitigate flood risk. Floodplain mapping is the first step towards flood risk analysis and management. Additionally, understanding the changing pattern of flooding events would help us to develop flood mitigation strategies for the future. This study analyzes the change in streamflow under different future carbon emission scenarios and evaluates the spatial extent of floodplain for future streamflow. The study will help facility managers, design engineers, and stakeholders to mitigate future flood risks. Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) forcing-generated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) streamflow data were utilized for the future streamflow analysis. The study was done on the Carson River near Carson City, an agricultural area in the desert of Nevada. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Pearson Chi-square tests were utilized to obtain the best statistical distribution that represents the routed streamflow of the Carson River near Carson City. Altogether, 97 projections from 31 models with four emission scenarios were used to predict the future flood flow over 100 years using a best fit distribution. A delta change factor was used to predict future flows, and the flow routing was done with the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model to obtain a flood inundation map. A majority of the climate projections indicated an increase in the flood level 100 years into the future. The developed floodplain map for the future streamflow indicated a larger inundation area compared with the current Federal Emergency Management Agency's flood inundation map, highlighting the importance of climate data in floodplain management studies. C1 [Nyaupane, Narayan; Thakur, Balbhadra; Kalra, Ajay] Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1230 Lincoln Dr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Ahmad, Sajjad] Univ Nevada, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Construct, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Ahmad, S (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Construct, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM narayan.nyaupane@siu.edu; balbhadra.thakur@siu.edu; kalraa@siu.edu; sajjad.ahmad@unlv.edu RI Nyaupane, Narayan/W-5287-2019 OI Kalra, Ajay/0000-0003-3878-2346; Ahmad, Sajjad/0000-0002-9903-9321 FU Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale FX The authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments. We acknowledge the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their role in making available the WCRP CMIP5 multi-model dataset. Support for this dataset is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors would like to acknowledge the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale for providing the research support. Thanks to Ankit Kumar from the Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India for his valuable suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. 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Pinto, James Gonzalez-Rocha, Javier Jensen, Anders Vezzi, Christina N. Bailey, Sean C. C. de Boer, Gijs Diehl, Constantin Laurence, Roger, III Powers, Craig W. Foroutan, Hosein Ross, Shane D. Schmale, David G., III TI Coordinated Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) and Ground-Based Weather Measurements to Predict Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs) SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS); Lagrangian Coherent Structure (LCS); Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) ID TIME LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; WIND ESTIMATION; DEFINITION; MODEL AB Concentrations of airborne chemical and biological agents from a hazardous release are not spread uniformly. Instead, there are regions of higher concentration, in part due to local atmospheric flow conditions which can attract agents. We equipped a ground station and two rotary-wing unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) with ultrasonic anemometers. Flights reported here were conducted 10 to 15 m above ground level (AGL) at the Leach Airfield in the San Luis Valley, Colorado as part of the Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation-a Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE) campaign in 2018. The ultrasonic anemometers were used to collect simultaneous measurements of wind speed, wind direction, and temperature in a fixed triangle pattern; each sensor was located at one apex of a triangle with similar to 100 to 200 m on each side, depending on the experiment. A WRF-LES model was used to determine the wind field across the sampling domain. Data from the ground-based sensors and the two UASs were used to detect attracting regions (also known as Lagrangian Coherent Structures, or LCSs), which have the potential to transport high concentrations of agents. This unique framework for detection of high concentration regions is based on estimates of the horizontal wind gradient tensor. To our knowledge, our work represents the first direct measurement of an LCS indicator in the atmosphere using a team of sensors. Our ultimate goal is to use environmental data from swarms of sensors to drive transport models of hazardous agents that can lead to real-time proper decisions regarding rapid emergency responses. The integration of real-time data from unmanned assets, advanced mathematical techniques for transport analysis, and predictive models can help assist in emergency response decisions in the future. C1 [Nolan, Peter J.; Foroutan, Hosein; Ross, Shane D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Engn & Mech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pinto, James; Jensen, Anders] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Gonzalez-Rocha, Javier] Virginia Tech, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Vezzi, Christina N.; Bailey, Sean C. C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [de Boer, Gijs] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80132 USA. [Diehl, Constantin] UAS Colorado, POB 1824, Monument, CO 80132 USA. [Laurence, Roger, III] Univ Colorado, Integrated Remote & Situ Sensing, Boulder, CO 80132 USA. [Powers, Craig W.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Schmale, David G., III] Virginia Tech, Sch Plant & Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Schmale, DG (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Sch Plant & Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM pnolan86@vt.edu; pinto@ucar.edu; javig86@vt.edu; ajensen@ucar.edu; christina.vezzi@uky.edu; sean.bailey@uky.edu; gijs.deboer@colorado.edu; cdiehl@uascolorado.com; roger.laurenceiii@colorado.edu; cwpowers@vt.edu; hosein@vt.edu; sdross@vt.edu; dschmale@vt.edu RI Foroutan, Hosein/N-8038-2019; de Boer, Gijs/F-3949-2011; Gonzalez-Rocha, Javier/N-2574-2019; Ross, Shane D/B-7237-2009; Ross, Shane D/X-6760-2019 OI Foroutan, Hosein/0000-0003-4185-3571; de Boer, Gijs/0000-0003-4652-7150; Ross, Shane D/0000-0001-5523-2376; Schmale, David/0000-0002-7003-7429; Nolan, Peter/0000-0001-6493-6914; Bailey, Sean/0000-0002-9807-9858 FU Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) at Virginia Tech; National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS 1520825, DMS 1821145]; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS 1807199]; US Department of EnergyUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0018985] FX This research was supported in part by grants from the Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) at Virginia Tech, the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant number AGS 1520825 (Hazards SEES: Advanced Lagrangian Methods for Prediction, Mitigation and Response to Environmental Flow Hazards) and DMS 1821145 (Data-Driven Computation of Lagrangian Transport Structure in Realistic Flows). Limited travel support for LAPSE-RATE participants was provided by the National Science Foundation (AGS 1807199) and the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0018985). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. 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Existing studies have shown that IP-based or traditional telephony solutions are not well-suited to deal with such group communication. Research has also shown the advantages of leveraging information centric networking (ICN) in providing essential communication in disaster management services. However, present studies use a centralized networking architecture for disaster management, in which disaster information is gathered and processed at a centralized management center before incident responses are made and warning messages are sent out. The centralized design can be inefficient in terms of scalability and communication. The reason is that when the network is very large (i.e., country level), the management for disaster services becomes very complicated, with a large number of organizations and offices. Disaster data are required to be transmitted over a long path before reaching the central management center. As a result, the transmission overhead and delay are high. Especially when the network is fragmented and network connectivity from a disaster-affected region to the central management center is disconnected, the service may be corrupted. In this paper, we designed and implemented a distributed edge cloud architecture based on ICN and network function virtualization (NFV) to address the above issues. In the proposed architecture, disaster management functions with predefined disaster templates were implemented at edge clouds closed to local regions to reduce the communication overhead and increase the service availability. The real implementation and performance evaluation showed that the proposed architecture achieves a significant improvement in terms of average bandwidth utilization, disaster notification delivery latency, routing convergence time, and successful request ratio compared to the existing approaches. C1 [Van-Ca Nguyen; Ngoc-Thanh Dinh; Kim, Younghan] Soongsil Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul 06978, South Korea. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Soongsil Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul 06978, South Korea. EM canguyen@dcn.ssu.ac.kr; thanhdcn@dcn.ssu.ac.kr; younghak@dcn.ssu.ac.kr OI Dinh, Thanh/0000-0001-6698-8419 FU Institute for Information and communications Technology Promotion (IITP) - Korea government (MSIT) [2017-0-00613]; MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program [IITP-2018-2017-0-01633] FX This work was supported by the Institute for Information and communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant, funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2017-0-00613, Development of Content-oriented Delay Tolerant networking in Multi-access Edge Computing Environment), and by the MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program (IITP-2018-2017-0-01633), supervised by the IITP (Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion. 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Summary of background data: Leadership in emergencies is reported as being very important for patient outcome. A systematic review failed in 2016 to find any focused leadership training. In the literature, the research has described and focused on developing tools to evaluate leadership. Method: Articles identified in the systematic review combined with other reviews and opinions were included to incorporate experiences, perceptions and emotions connected with leadership training in emergency situations. Two qualitative content analyses were conducted. The first analysis searched for opinions about leadership and leadership training in emergencies. The method was abductive - inductive qualitative content analysis. The second analysis searched, on the basis of an article written in 1986, statements about challenges regarding leadership training in all articles. This method was directed qualitative content analysis. Findings: In total 40 articles covering the years 1986-2016 were analysed. An explicit need for workable leadership training of team leaders in emergencies was identified. The importance of the teamleader in emergencies was repeatedly stressed by 31/40 articles, leadership training is needed or required was stated by 30/40 articles, 27/40 articles described the emergency situation as stressful, complex, chaotic or unpredictable, 17/40 described the importance of self-confidence by the teamleader, and 8/40 described that the situation was perceived as creating concern, anxiety or panic. Conclusions: The literature recommends finding a solution to teach residents to gain courage and confidence in stressful surroundings. The literature recommends finding a way to work with body language, non-verbal communication, attitude and appearance in order to radiate credibility in a setting separated from medical knowledge. C1 [Larsen, Ture] Nordsjaellands Hosp, Dept Adm, Simulat Unit SimNord, Hillerod, Denmark. [Beier-Holgersen, Randi] Nordsjaellands Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Hillerod, Denmark. [Ostergaard, Doris; Dieckmann, Peter] Capital Reg Denmark, CAMES, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Ostergaard, Doris; Dieckmann, Peter] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Larsen, T (reprint author), Nordsjaellands Hosp, Dept Adm, Simulat Unit SimNord, Hillerod, Denmark. EM ture@besked.com OI Larsen, Ture/0000-0002-5410-6340 FU Tryg Foundation; Laerdal Foundation; Nordsjaellands Hospital, Denmark FX Ture Larsen was supported by grants from Tryg Foundation, Laerdal Foundation and Nordsjaellands Hospital, Denmark. 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TI Participatory Disaster Recovery Simulation Modeling for Community Resilience Planning SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Community resilience planning; Disasters; Disaster recovery; Participatory modeling; Recovery-based performance targets; Simulation modeling ID EXPERT JUDGMENT; INFRASTRUCTURE AB A major challenge in enhancing the resilience of communities stems from current approaches used to identify needs and strategies that build the capacity of jurisdictions to mitigate loss and improve recovery. A new generation of resilience-based planning processes has emerged in the last several years that integrate goals of community well-being and identity into recovery-based performance measurement frameworks. Specific tools and refined guidance are needed to facilitate evidence-based development of recovery estimates. This article presents the participatory modeling process, a planning system designed to develop recovery-based resilience measurement frameworks for community resilience planning initiatives. Stakeholder engagement is infused throughout the participatory modeling process by integrating disaster recovery simulation modeling into community resilience planning. Within the process, participants get a unique opportunity to work together to deliberate on community concerns through facilitated participatory modeling. The participatory modeling platform combines the DESaster recovery simulation model and visual analytics interfaces. DESaster is an open source Python Library for creating discrete event simulations of disaster recovery. The simulation model was developed using a human-centered design approach whose goal is to be open, modular, and extensible. The process presented in this article is the first participatory modeling approach for analyzing recovery to aid creation of community resilience measurement frameworks. C1 [Miles, Scott B.] Univ Washington, Dept Human Ctr Design & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Miles, SB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Human Ctr Design & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM milessb@uw.edu FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1560939, 1541025] FX Funding support for this article was provided by National Science Foundation Awards #1560939 and #1541025. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 9 IS 4 BP 519 EP 529 DI 10.1007/s13753-018-0202-9 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA HF5QR UT WOS:000454288500010 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sujarwo Noorhamdani Fathoni, M AF Sujarwo Noorhamdani Fathoni, Mukhamad TI Disaster Risk Reduction in Schools: The Relationship of Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Preparedness from Elementary School Students in School-Based Disaster Preparedness in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia SO PREHOSPITAL AND DISASTER MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE attitude; knowledge; preparedness AB Introduction: Located in the Sunda Megathrust zone, Mentawai Island is known as the epicenter of an active earthquake that has the potential to cause a tsunami. Students would be one of the most vulnerable groups during the disaster. Problem: The low-level of School-Based Disaster Preparedness/Sekolah Siaga Bencana (SSB) of students' preparedness in disaster risk reduction (DRR) can lead to increased vulnerability of students in facing disaster threats, especially a tsunami. Methods: The study employed observational, correlative analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sample includes 109 students from fifth and sixth grade in three elementary schools in Sipora, Mentawai Island district. Results: There was a significant influence between knowledge and attitude towards the preparedness of SSB students in DRR in Sipora, Mentawai Islands district. Conclusions: Knowledge and attitudes are key factors that must be taken into account in efforts to increase student preparedness to reduce the risk of a tsunami disaster. C1 [Sujarwo] Univ Brawijaya, Master Nursing Program, Malang, Indonesia. [Noorhamdani; Fathoni, Mukhamad] Univ Brawijaya, Fac Med, Master Nursing Program, Malang, Indonesia. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 33 IS 6 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1017/S1049023X18000778 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA HF4MB UT WOS:000454206200004 PM 30238867 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lee, M Bhandari, B AF Lee, MinKyo Bhandari, Binayak TI The application of aerodynamic brake for high-speed trains SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE High-speed trains; Aerodynamic brake; CFD; Drag coefficient ID MODELS AB The braking distance for high-speed trains (HST) operating over 200 km/h takes roughly over 6000 m and 1 minute 40 seconds. In an emergency situation, both braking distance and stopping time are too high. Reducing the time and the distance for braking for such trains will be beneficial for passengers' safety and railway system management. A number of studies have been conducted to develop a better braking system based on mechanical or electromechanical technologies to overcome this issue. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 32 IS 12 BP 5749 EP 5754 DI 10.1007/s12206-018-1122-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA HF3QI UT WOS:000454149200021 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zhang, SW Liu, JJ AF Zhang, Shangwei Liu, Jiajia TI Analysis and Optimization of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Assisted Communications in Post-Disaster Areas SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); post-disaster; satellite; stochastic geometry ID ENERGY-EFFICIENT; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; CHANNEL ACCESS; DISASTER; DELAY; UAV; THROUGHPUT; DEPLOYMENT; NETWORKS; SCHEME AB As a vital component of disaster response and relief, a wireless network needs to be rapidly deployed after a disaster strikes. Due to the advantages of large area coverage, low capital cost, and fast deployment, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is believed to be a potentially promising choice to recover wireless communication in post-disaster environments. In this paper, the performance gains of utilizing two cooperative UAVs for downlink transmission over a large number of emergency response rescue vehicles on the ground in post-disaster areas are explored. Toward this end, the concept of average channel access delay for a generic vehicle to establish a full transmission to an UAV is introduced, i.e., data packets are said to be successfully transmitted from a UAV to a vehicle only if the time duration for the vehicle covered by the UAV is greater than the specified average channel access delay. Based on the proposed concept, a stochastic geometry based mathematical framework to analyze the coverage probability and average achievable rate for a multi-UAV-assisted downlink network, where vehicles connect to the Internet via satellites in a two-hop manner, is presented. According to the derived closed-form solutions for the network performance metrics, extensive numerical results are provided to illustrate the network performance gains brought by UAVs. Additionally, optimal settings are also presented for network designers to efficiently determine the optimal network parameters so as to achieve the optimum network performances in post-disaster areas. C1 [Zhang, Shangwei; Liu, Jiajia] Xidian Univ, Sch Cyber Engn, State Key Lab Integrated Serv Network, Xian 710071, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), Xidian Univ, Sch Cyber Engn, State Key Lab Integrated Serv Network, Xian 710071, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM swzhang@mail.xidian.edu.cn; liujiajia@xidian.edu.cn OI Zhang, Shangwei/0000-0001-8387-6734 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [61771374, 61771373, 61801360, 61601357]; China 111 Project [1316037]; Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities [JB171501, JB181506, JB181507, JB181508] FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61771374, 61771373, 61801360, and 61601357, in part by China 111 Project under Grant 1316037, and in part by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities under Grants JB171501, JB181506, JB181507, and JB181508. The review of this paper was coordinated by Dr. A.-C. Pang. 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Veh. Technol. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 67 IS 12 BP 12049 EP 12060 DI 10.1109/TVT.2018.2871614 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA HF3CC UT WOS:000454112100061 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Zheng, XC Wang, F Li, ZH AF Zheng, Xiaocui Wang, Fei Li, Zhanghua TI A multi-UAV cooperative route planning methodology for 3D fine-resolution building model reconstruction SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Multi-UAV cooperation; Flight route planning; 3D reconstruction; Emergency management ID STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTION; DAMAGE ASSESSMENT; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; MANAGEMENT; PLATFORMS; SYSTEMS AB In order to provide a fast multi-UAV cooperative data acquisition approach for 3D building model reconstruction in emergency management domain, a route planning methodology is proposed. A minimum image set including camera shooting positions and attitudes can be firstly obtained, with the given parameters describing the target building, UAVs, cameras, and image overlap requirements. A specific flight route network is then determined, and the optimal solution for multi-UAV data capture route planning is computed on the basis of constraint conditions such as the time frame, UAV battery endurance, and take-off and landing positions. Furthermore, field experiments with manual operating UAV mode, single UAV mode, and multi-UAV mode were conducted to compare the data collection and processing runtimes, as well as the quality of created 3D building models. According to the five defined LoDs of OGC CityGML 2.0 standard, the fine 3D building models conform to the LoD3. Comparison results demonstrate that our method is able to greatly enhance the efficiency of 3D reconstruction by improving the data collection speed while minimizing redundant image datasets, as well as to provide a normalized approach to assign the single or multi-UAV data acquisition tasks. The quality analysis of 3D models shows that the metric difference is less than 20 cm mean error with a standard deviation of 11 cm, which is fairly acceptable in emergency management study field. A 3D GIS-based software demo was also implemented to enable route planning, flight simulation, and data collection visualization. C1 [Zheng, Xiaocui; Wang, Fei; Li, Zhanghua] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys Engn, Grad Sch Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. RP Wang, F (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys Engn, Grad Sch Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. EM Wang.fei@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0502601, 2016YFC0803107]; Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission, China [JCYJ20170307152553273] FX This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [Grant No.2016YFB0502601 and Grant No.2016YFC0803107] and Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission, China [Grant No. JCYJ20170307152553273]. 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PD DEC PY 2018 VL 146 BP 483 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.11.004 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA HE6FT UT WOS:000453499400036 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Liu, WL Lai, CH Xu, WA AF Liu, Wenlin Lai, Chih-Hui Xu, Weiai (Wayne) TI Tweeting about emergency: A semantic network analysis of government organizations' social media messaging during Hurricane Harvey SO PUBLIC RELATIONS REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Crisis response strategies; Government use of social media; Semantic networks; Government-public relations; Situational crisis communication theory ID PUBLIC-RELATIONS; CRISIS COMMUNICATION; COMMUNITY; INFORMATION; STRATEGIES; LEADERSHIP; CORPORATE; AGENCIES; HEALTH AB While social media like Twitter have been increasingly adopted by public-sector organizations, it remains less explored as to how government and emergency management (EM) organizations use these platforms to communicate with the public in response to emerging natural disasters. Extending the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) to the realm of social media, this study examines the emerging semantic networks from 67 government and EM organizations' official tweets during Hurricane Harvey over a three-week period. It identifies how multiple crisis response strategies-including instructing information, adjusting information, and bolstering-are constituted of different issues, actions, and organizational actors before, during, and immediately after the disaster event. Results suggest that government agencies use the strategy of instructing information predominantly before and during the disaster, whereas adjusting information and bolstering strategies are utilized more during post-disaster recovery. The study offers theoretical and practical implications of using a semantic network approach to studying organizational crisis responses. C1 [Liu, Wenlin] Univ Houston, Jack J Valenti Sch Commun, 3347 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204 USA. 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Rev. PD DEC PY 2018 VL 44 IS 5 BP 807 EP 819 DI 10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.10.009 PG 13 WC Business; Communication SC Business & Economics; Communication GA HE7VV UT WOS:000453649200017 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU LaJeunesse, S Heiny, S Evenson, KR Fiedler, LM Cooper, JF AF LaJeunesse, Seth Heiny, Stephen Evenson, Kelly R. Fiedler, Lisa M. Cooper, Jill F. TI Diffusing innovative road safety practice: A social network approach to identifying opinion leading US cities SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Safe systems; Vision Zero; social network analysis; diffusion of innovations; opinion leaders ID PATTERNS; ADOPTION; LEADERS; DESIGN; HEALTH AB Objective: This study sought to identify opinion-leading U.S. cities in the realm of safe transportation systems by surveying road safety professionals and asking them to identify places that served as models for road safety. Methods: Using a purposive sampling methodology, we surveyed professionals employed in road safety-related professions (e.g., transportation engineering, planning, public health, law enforcement, and emergency response). Using 183 professionals' complete responses, we carried out social network analysis to both describe the structure of intermunicipal advice-seeking patterns among road safety professionals and identify those municipalities with relatively high degrees of influence. Results: We discovered a large intermunicipal monitoring network related to improving road user safety. Half of the network ties (50.4%) crossed regional U.S. census boundaries. Social network statistics informed the identification of 7 opinion-leader and 4 boundary-spanning municipalities. Conclusions: This study indicated a large intermunicipal monitoring network, half of which crossed regional boundaries. Road safety professionals have formed a country-spanning example-following network on the topic of improving road user safety in the United States. Researchers and intervention teams can tap into this network to accelerate the uptake and spread of evidence-based road safety practices. C1 [LaJeunesse, Seth; Heiny, Stephen] Univ N Carolina, Highway Safety Res Ctr, 730 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. [Evenson, Kelly R.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Fiedler, Lisa M.] Bloomberg Philanthropies, What Works Cities, New York, NY USA. [Cooper, Jill F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Safe Transportat Res & Educ Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP LaJeunesse, S (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Highway Safety Res Ctr, 730 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. EM lajeune@hsrc.unc.edu OI LaJeunesse, Seth/0000-0003-4908-3823 FU Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety, a National University Transportation Center FX This research has been funded by the Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety, a National University Transportation Center supporting the U.S. Department of Transportation's research priority of promoting safety. 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PD NOV 17 PY 2018 VL 19 IS 8 BP 832 EP 837 DI 10.1080/15389588.2018.1527031 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA HL7CQ UT WOS:000458895900008 PM 30681883 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Marchezini, V Horita, FEA Matsuo, PM Trajber, R Trejo-Rangel, MA Olivato, D AF Marchezini, Victor Aoki Horita, Flavio Eduardo Matsuo, Patricia Mie Trajber, Rachel Trejo-Rangel, Miguel Angel Olivato, Debora TI A Review of Studies on Participatory Early Warning Systems (P-EWS): Pathways to Support Citizen Science Initiatives SO FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE community-based disaster risk management; capacity building; resilience; interdisciplinary; transdisciplinary ID DISASTER RISK REDUCTION; DECISION-MAKING; KNOWLEDGE; PERCEPTIONS; RESILIENCE; FRAMEWORK; PEOPLE; HAZARDS; YOUTH AB Context: Global environmental change and disasters pose several challenges to governments, society and science. These challenges occurred in social contexts were information and communication technologies can be used to share data and information, engaging citizen scientists in multidirectional and decentralized knowledge creation initiatives. Often referenced as participatory (or people-centered) early warning systems, this has been of a great potential to improve decisions taken by both emergency institutions and exposed and/or affected communities. Several methodologies have been proposed, mainly in natural science, redefining traditional ways of transferring knowledge about scientific process to the public. Gap: However, practice and research still lack studies that investigate how citizens can be involved in citizen science to support early warning systems. From a social science perspective, this is important as these works do not fill the gap between citizen science and disaster prevention. While, on a technological perspective, efforts have been concentrated on developing systems, methodologies, and approaches rather than understanding citizens' requirements or ways of better engaging citizens. Objective: This paper provides a social science framework to determine the elements of how citizen science and participatory early warning systems can be bridged. Method: For doing so, we will conduct a systematic mapping for examining the literature on citizen science and disaster management, in particular, those focused on social science and participatory approaches for early warning systems. Results: This review showed that only 3,43% (14 of 408) articles were related to citizen science and P-EWS, which indeed indicate that much effort is needed to disseminate what is citizen science and how it can be mainstreamed in DRM field. Furthermore, the proposed framework can contribute by enhancing stakeholders' reflexivity about EWS. C1 [Marchezini, Victor; Trajber, Rachel; Olivato, Debora] Ctr Nacl Monitoramento & Alertas Desastres Nat, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Marchezini, Victor; Trejo-Rangel, Miguel Angel] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Sistema Terr, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Aoki Horita, Flavio Eduardo] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Matemat Computacao & Cognicao, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Matsuo, Patricia Mie] Univ Sao Paulo, Programa Posgrad Interunidades Ensino Ciencias, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Marchezini, V (reprint author), Ctr Nacl Monitoramento & Alertas Desastres Nat, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil.; Marchezini, V (reprint author), Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Sistema Terr, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. EM victor.marchezini@cemaden.gov.br FU Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)CAPES; CAPESCAPES [88887.091744/2014-01] FX RT, PM, and DO acknowledge the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for their research scholarships. MT-R acknowledges support from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for his Ph.D. scholarship. FH would like to express thanks for the financial support provided by CAPES (Grant No. 88887.091744/2014-01). 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PD NOV 6 PY 2018 VL 6 AR UNSP 184 DI 10.3389/feart.2018.00184 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HF2QP UT WOS:000454081800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hassan, S AF Hassan, Shahnawaz TI Saving human lives after natural disaster SO ADVANCEMENTS IN LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Post Flood Disaster Management; Community Participation; Local Government; Flood Prone Areas; Effective Building Control; Livelihood problems and job opportunities AB Background: In order to secure human lives the post flood disaster management system of different countries of the world was studied at united nation level, international level, individual countries level and at Pakistan level. Flood 2010 affected 11 districts of Punjab adversely but the most affected district was district Muzaffer Garh that is why it was selected as case study. Methods: The methodology includes literature review at international level, national level & local level and collection of data from different key informants. The data has been collected by systematic random sampling. The collected data was then analyzed ascertain the problem with the help of different statistical data analysis techniques. The analysis has given rise to results which lead towards conclusions and finally on the basis of these conclusions recommendation has been made. Results: On the basis of analysis of data different problems have been observed. These relate to DRR based aspects, community participation, flood early warning system, socio economic and housing aspects, preparation of flood hazard maps, awareness to the people about flood prone areas, poor building control, livelihood and job opportunities, occupation of respondents, educational level and public facilities and utilities aspects. Conclusion: On the basis of these afore mentioned results it has been concluded that due to weaker foundation and weaker super structure of houses, lack of community participation, poor flood early warning system, non-preparation of flood hazard maps by District Disaster Management Authority and Tehsil Disaster Management Committee, un-awareness to the people about flood prone areas, lack of effective building control, insufficient livelihood and job opportunities for the people of flood affected areas, low education level and less number of educational and health facilities and non-provision of public facilities and utilities are the main problems which the people of facing in flood prone areas. C1 [Hassan, Shahnawaz] LG & CD Dept Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. RP Hassan, S (reprint author), LG & CD Dept Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. 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Life Sci. PD NOV PY 2018 VL 6 IS 1 BP 24 EP 33 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA IT9NW UT WOS:000483208000004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Wang, B Qian, F AF Wang, Bing Qian, Feng TI Three dimensional gas dispersion modeling using cellular automata and artificial neural network in urban environment SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Cellular automata; Artificial neural network; Consequence modeling; Fire dynamic simulators ID CFD MODEL; FIELD RECONSTRUCTION; SIMULATION; INDUSTRIAL; RELEASE; SENSOR; LPG AB The gas dispersion simulation in complex urban environment posts challenges on consequence analysis. Though computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are general approaches to provide building-resolving estimates, the time consuming calculation and complex process of modeling limit their application for emergency response. In this paper, a cellular automata dispersion model is prompted to simulate continuous point release of propane in 3-D domain with ground obstructions. An artificial neural network is employed to calculate the temporal state transition of cellular automata. To provide data for the neural network to train, fire dynamic simulator (FDS) code is adopted to simulate 100 scenarios of propane release from a fixed position in pre-specific domain with different combinations of meteorological conditions and source parameters. A proportion of the simulation results is selected to train the artificial neural network with different transition rules derived from the advection-diffusion equation. The dispersion processes are eventually replicated with the proposed approach on the remaining scenarios that the artificial neural network has never encountered. Provided with detailed meteorological field data, the cellular automata model could calculate the gas dispersion process about 1.5 times faster than FDS. As to the model performance, in the long term evolution, decreases in model accuracy are observed due to the nature of cellular automata in explicit evolution and the unavailability of error compensation methods. The transition rule that takes source terms into consideration outperforms in estimating the concentration distributions. (C) 2018 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Bing; Qian, Feng] East China Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab Adv Control & Optimizat Chem Proc, Minist Educ, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. RP Wang, B (reprint author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab Adv Control & Optimizat Chem Proc, Minist Educ, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM wangb07@ecust.edu.cn FU National Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [21706069]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [222201814039] FX The author gratefully acknowledge the constructive discussion with Prof. Yang Tang in the development of the model. We would also like to acknowledge the primary financial support provided by National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21706069) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 222201814039). 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TI A New Two-layer Storyline Generation Framework for Disaster Management SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEXT-GENERATION COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Document summarization; disaster management; storyline generation ID APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS AB Disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and environmental emergencies, are serious disruptions of the functioning of a community or a society. To mitigate the social and physical impact of disasters, a critical task in disaster management is to extract situation updates on the disaster from a large number of disaster-related documents, and obtain a big picture of the disaster's trends and how it affects different areas. In this paper, we present a novel two-layer storyline generation framework which generates an overall storyline of the disaster events in the first layer, and provides condensed information about specific regions affected by the disaster (i.e., a location-specific storyline) in the second layer. To generate the overall storyline of a disaster, we consider both temporal and spatial factors, which are encoded using integer linear programming. While for location-specific storylines, we employ a Steiner tree based method. Compared with the previous work of storyline generation, which generates flat storylines without considering spatial information, our framework is more suitable for large-scale disaster events. We further demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed framework through the evaluation on the datasets of three major hurricane disasters. C1 [Zhou, Wubai; Shen, Chao; Li, Tao; Chen, Shu-Ching; Xie, Ning; Iyengar, S. S.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Zhou, WB (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. 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PD NOV PY 2018 VL 9 IS 3 BP 161 EP 173 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA HM2QZ UT WOS:000459315100001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Skofronick-Jackson, G Kirschbaum, D Petersen, W Huffman, G Kidd, C Stocker, E Kakar, R AF Skofronick-Jackson, Gail Kirschbaum, Dalia Petersen, Walter Huffman, George Kidd, Chris Stocker, Erich Kakar, Ramesh TI The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission's scientific achievements and societal contributions: reviewing four years of advanced rain and snow observations SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE applications; precipitation; rain; remote sensing; snow; satellite ID MICROWAVE RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; LAND-SURFACE EMISSIVITIES; DUAL-FREQUENCY; FALLING SNOW; MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; TROPICAL RAINFALL; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; REAL-TIME; WEST NILE; RADAR AB Precipitation represents a life-critical energy and hydrologic exchange between the Earth's atmosphere and its surface. As such, knowledge of where, when and how much rain and snow falls is essential for scientific research and societal applications. Building on the 17-year success of the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory (GPM-CO) is the first US National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) satellite mission specifically designed with sensors to observe the structure and intensities of both rain and falling snow. The GPM-CO has proved to be a worthy successor to TRMM, extending and improving high-quality active and passive microwave observations across all times of day. The GPM-CO launched in early 2014, is a joint mission between NASA and the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), with sensors that include the NASA-provided GPM Microwave Imager and the JAXA-provided Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar. These sensors were devised with high accuracy standards enabling them to be used as a reference for inter-calibrating a constellation of partner satellite data. These inter-calibrated partner satellite retrievals are used with infrared data to produce merged precipitation estimates at temporal scales of 30 min and spatial scales of 0.1 degrees x 0.1 degrees. Precipitation estimates from the GPM-CO and partner constellation satellites, provided in near real time and later reprocessed with all ancillary data, are an indispensable source of precipitation data for operational and scientific users. Advances have been made using GPM data, primarily in improving sensor calibration, retrieval algorithms, and ground validation measurements, and used to further our understanding of the characteristics of liquid and frozen precipitation and the science of water and hydrological cycles for climate/weather forecasting. These advances have extended to societal benefits related to water resources, operational numerical weather prediction, hurricane monitoring, prediction, and disaster response, extremes, and disease. C1 [Skofronick-Jackson, Gail; Kirschbaum, Dalia; Huffman, George; Kidd, Chris; Stocker, Erich] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 612-0,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Petersen, Walter] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Off, Natl Space & Technol Ctr, ST11, Huntsville, AL USA. [Kidd, Chris] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kakar, Ramesh] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Skofronick-Jackson, G (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 612-0,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. 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J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD NOV PY 2018 VL 144 SU 1 BP 27 EP 48 DI 10.1002/qj.3313 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HJ3EU UT WOS:000457053200004 PM 31213729 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sun, CS Pei, X Hao, JH Wang, YW Zhang, Z Wong, SC AF Sun, Chenshuo Pei, Xin Hao, Junheng Wang, Yewen Zhang, Zuo Wong, S. C. TI Role of road network features in the evaluation of incident impacts on urban traffic mobility SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART B-METHODOLOGICAL LA English DT Article DE Traffic mobility; Incident impacts; Network features; Hazard-based model; Bayesian Negative-binomial CAR model; Generalized linear model ID WEIGHTED NETWORKS; MODELS; CENTRALITY; FREQUENCY; ACCIDENTS; INTERNET; DURATION; CRASHES; REPRINT; DELAYS AB In this paper, we seek to investigate the spatiotemporal impacts of traffic incident on urban road networks. The theoretical lens of a complex network leads us to expect that incident impacts are associated with the functionality that an intersection acts in a network, and also, the location of incident sites. Incident impacts are measured in both temporal and spatial dimension through mining the large-scale traffic flow data in conjunction with the incident record. In the complex network context, the urban road network can be converted into a weighted direct graph with intersections as nodes and road segments as edges with their geographic information. Four network features, i.e., Betweenness Centrality, weighted PageRank, Flub, and K-shell are assigned to each intersection to measure its functionality. Temporally, we find out significant correlations between incident delay and two network features by applying hazard-based models. Spatially, the micro impact and the macro impact are found to be strongly associated with three network features through estimating a Bayesian Negative-binomial Conditional Autoregressive model and a generalized linear model, respectively. Our study provides the basis of leveraging urban road network context to evaluate incident impacts, with some explanations, insights and possible extensions that would assist traffic administrations to guide the post-incident resilience and emergency management. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Chenshuo; Pei, Xin; Hao, Junheng; Wang, Yewen; Zhang, Zuo] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Automat, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Sun, Chenshuo] NYU, Leonard N Stern Sch Business, 550 1St Ave, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Wong, S. C.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Pei, X (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Automat, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM peixin@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn RI Wong, S.C./A-7258-2008 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71671100]; Joint Research Scheme of the National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [71561167001, N_HKU707/15]; Research Funds of Tsinghua University [20151080412]; Francis S Y Bong Endowed Professorship in Engineering FX The work described in this paper is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71671100), the Joint Research Scheme of the National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (Project No. 71561167001 & N_HKU707/15), and the Research Funds of Tsinghua University (No. 20151080412). The last author is also supported by the Francis S Y Bong Endowed Professorship in Engineering. 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PD NOV PY 2018 VL 117 BP 101 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.trb.2018.08.013 PN A PG 16 WC Economics; Engineering, Civil; Operations Research & Management Science; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Transportation GA HH2PC UT WOS:000455559600006 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Stauffer, JM Pedraza-Martinez, AJ Yan, L van Wassenhove, LN AF Stauffer, Jon M. Pedraza-Martinez, Alfonso J. Yan, Lu (Lucy) van Wassenhove, Luk N. TI Asset supply networks in humanitarian operations: A combined empirical-simulation approach SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Humanitarian operations; Simulation; Network analysis; Exponential random graph models; Resource fluidity ID REGRESSION DISCONTINUITY DESIGNS; STRATEGIC AGILITY; FLEET MANAGEMENT; MODELS; FLEXIBILITY; CHAINS AB International humanitarian organizations (IHOs) respond to mega disasters while maintaining development programs in the rest of the world (ROW). This means an IHO's asset supply network must perform the challenging task of supporting a fast disaster response while simultaneously maintaining cost-effective ROW development programs. We study how supply network asset flows are impacted during a mega disaster response and find that resource fluidity, the capability to reallocate resources quickly, impacts both mega disaster and ROW program asset flows within these supply networks. 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Oper. Manag. PD NOV PY 2018 VL 63 SI SI BP 44 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jom.2018.07.002 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA HG6DM UT WOS:000455071200004 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Phark, C Kim, W Yoon, YS Shin, G Jung, S AF Phark, Chuntak Kim, Whapeoung Yoon, Yeo-Song Shin, Gwyam Jung, Seungho TI Prediction of issuance of emergency evacuation orders for chemical accidents using machine learning algorithm SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE Emergency evacuation order; Naive Bayes classifier; Machine learning; Big-data analysis; NTSIP dataset; Artificial neural network AB An emergency response to chemical accidents proceeds in the order of prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. One of the methods of response is emergency evacuation orders. To minimize the loss of life, it is important to issue prompt and precise evacuation orders when chemical accidents such as toxic gas emissions occur near populated areas. This paper presents a method and its results for predicting emergency evacuation orders using a naive Bayes classifier and an artificial neural network. A study was conducted using ATSDR's National Toxic Substance Incidents Program (NTSIP) dataset and The Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) database by extracting 61,563 of 115,569 accidents that occurred between 1996 and 2014. According to the results of the study, for predicting emergency evacuation orders, Artificial Neural Network prediction had a high level of accuracy when compared to Naive Bayes Classifier. Based on the Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of the predicted results, the discriminatory power of the model was reliable. These results suggest that using machine learning in the field of chemical process safety can yield meaningful results. C1 [Phark, Chuntak; Shin, Gwyam; Jung, Seungho] Ajou Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Kim, Whapeoung] TO21 Co Ltd, Seoul, South Korea. [Yoon, Yeo-Song] Korea Univ Technol & Educ, Dept Safety & Environm Engn, Grad Sch, Cheonan 31253, Chungcheongnam, South Korea. RP Jung, S (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM processsafety@ajou.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education, Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of KoreaNational Research Foundation of Korea [S2017A0403000138]; Ajou University FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(S2017A0403000138) and the Ajou University research. 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PD NOV PY 2018 VL 56 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.jlp.2018.08.021 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA HF6WF UT WOS:000454378300016 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Ma, DL Tan, W Wang, QS Zhang, ZX Gao, JM Zeng, QF Wang, XQ Xia, FS Shi, XM AF Ma, Denglong Tan, Wei Wang, Qingsheng Zhang, Zaoxiao Gao, Jianmin Zeng, Qunfeng Wang, Xiaoqiao Xia, Fengshe Shi, Xingmin TI Application and improvement of swarm intelligence optimization algorithm in gas emission source identification in atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE Gas leakage; Hazard identification; Swarm optimization; Inverse problem; Emission source estimation ID MODEL; PREDICTION; DISPERSION; LOCATION; PIPELINES; COLONY AB Hazardous gas emissions could cause serious consequences for ecology, environment, human life and even society. Thus gas emission source term identification is crucial for emergency response and safety management. Based on experimental data, swarm intelligent optimization (SIO) algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) and firefly algorithm (FA), are compared to identify the gas emission source parameters including source strength and location parameters. The results show that all three SIO methods used in this work have similar performances in terms of source parameter estimation, and all of them depend slightly on initial range set for individuals in the population. However, PSO method is superior in computational efficiency compared with ACO and FA methods. The convergence rate of FA is faster than that of ACO. PSO method can obtain satisfied estimation results under different boundary constraints, while the estimation results of FA and ACO will become unrealistic under too wide boundary constraints. The impact of atmospheric conditions on estimated results is also discussed. The results under extreme atmospheric conditions are worse than that in other conditions. Finally, SIO method coupled with a new model, correlated matching of concentration distribution (CMCD) model, is applied to the source location estimation. Test results prove that SIO-CMCD model can obtain a satisfied estimation as well as greatly enhanced computational efficiency when only location parameters are required to be determined. Hence, SIO is a useful tool to estimate emission source term for the storage and transportation process of hazardous gas or volatile materials. C1 [Ma, Denglong; Tan, Wei; Gao, Jianmin; Zeng, Qunfeng] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 28 West Xianning Rd, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Ma, Denglong; Wang, Qingsheng] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Fire Protect & Safety, 523 Engn North, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Zhang, Zaoxiao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, 28 West Xianning Rd, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaoqiao; Xia, Fengshe] Shaanxi Prov Boiler & Pressure Vessel Inspect Ins, 30 West Xianning Rd, Xian 710048, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Shi, Xingmin] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, 76 West Yanta Rd, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Ma, DL (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 28 West Xianning Rd, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Wang, QS (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Fire Protect & Safety, 523 Engn North, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM Denglong.ma@xjtu.edu.cn; Qingsheng.wang@okstate.edu RI Wang, Qingsheng/R-2888-2019 OI Wang, Qingsheng/0000-0002-6411-984X FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [21808181]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M582667]; Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China [2016JQ5079]; Key Projects in Shaanxi Province [2017ZDXM-GY-115]; Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2017BSHYDZZ09]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [xjj2017124] FX Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21808181), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M582667), Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2016JQ5079), Key Projects in Shaanxi Province (2017ZDXM-GY-115), Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2017BSHYDZZ09) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (xjj2017124). 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Loss Prev. Process Ind. PD NOV PY 2018 VL 56 BP 262 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.jlp.2018.09.008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA HF6WF UT WOS:000454378300026 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Cho, J Kim, H Gebreselassie, AL Shin, D AF Cho, Jaehoon Kim, Hyunseung Gebreselassie, Addis Lulu Shin, Dongil TI Deep neural network and random forest classifier for source tracking of chemical leaks using fence monitoring data SO JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES LA English DT Article DE Chemical accident; Chemical release; Leak source tracking; Deep-learning network; Random Forest; Artificial intelligence ID IDENTIFICATION AB Chemical plant leak accidents are classified as one of the major industrial accidents that can spread secondary and tertiary major disasters. It is very important to keep track and diagnose the source location(s) and notify the plant manager and emergency responders promptly to alleviate secondary and tertiary damages, improving the effectiveness of emergency responses. In this study, we propose an emergency response system that can cope with leak accidents of a chemical plant by monitoring sensor data and track down the suspected leak source using machine learning: Deep-learning and Random Forest classifiers. It is also difficult to get enough chemical leak accident scenario data or perform actual leak experiments on real plants due to high risk and cost factors. Consequently, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to derive fence monitoring data for chemical leak accident scenarios. These data are to train the machine learning models to predict leak source locations. Six time-series Deep Neural Network (DNN) structures and three Random Forest (RF) structures are trained using CFD dispersion simulation results for 640 leak accident scenarios of a real chemical plant, divided as training and test datasets. As a result, on DNN model using 25 hidden layers and on RF model using 100 decision trees, 75.43% and 86.33% prediction accuracy are achieved, respectively, classifying the most probable leak source out of 40 potential leak source locations. Analyzing the predicted leak source locations that are wrongly classified, those predicted leak sources are also quite adjacent to the actual leak location and hardly called as misclassifications. Considering the superb performance of DNN and RF classifiers for chemical leak tracking, the proposed method would be very useful for chemical emergency management and is highly recommended for real-time diagnosis of the chemical leak sources. C1 [Cho, Jaehoon; Kim, Hyunseung; Gebreselassie, Addis Lulu; Shin, Dongil] Myongji Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggido, South Korea. RP Shin, D (reprint author), Myongji Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggido, South Korea. EM dongil@mju.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [2017R1E1A2A01079660] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2017R1E1A2A01079660). 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TI Multi-objective open location-routing model for relief distribution networks with split delivery and multi-mode transportation under uncertainty SO SCIENTIA IRANICA LA English DT Article DE Emergency logistics; Relief distribution; Location; Routing; Split delivery; Multi-objective programming; Robust optimization ID DISASTER RESPONSE; LOGISTICS; OPTIMIZATION; DESIGN; EARTHQUAKE AB In this study, the response phase of the management of natural disasters is investigated. One of the important issues in this phase is determining the distribution areas and timely distributing relief to affected areas in which transportation routing is of critical importance. In the event of disasters, especially flood and earthquake, terrestrial transportation is not fairly easy due to the damage to many infrastructures. For this reason, we propose that delivering relief from the distribution areas to disaster stricken places should be done by terrestrial and aerial transportation modes, simultaneously, to increase route reliability and reduce travel time. In this study, for relief allocation after earthquake, we offer a mixed-integer nonlinear open location-routing model in uncertain condition. This model includes several contradictory objectives and a variety of factors such as travel time, total costs, and reliability. In order to solve this model, a hybrid solution by combining robust optimization and fuzzy multi-objective programming has been used. The performance and effectiveness of the offered model and solution approach have been investigated through a case study of earthquake in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Our computational results show that the solution we have offered for real problems is effective. (C) 2018 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved. C1 [Veysmoradi, D.; Vahdani, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Fac Ind & Mech Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Qazvin Branch, POB 3419759811, Qazvin, Iran. [Sartangi, M. Farhadi] PNU, Dept Ind Engn, POB 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran. [Mousavi, S. M.] Shahed Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Ind Engn, POB 18155-159, Tehran, Iran. RP Vahdani, B (reprint author), Islamic Azad Univ, Fac Ind & Mech Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Qazvin Branch, POB 3419759811, Qazvin, Iran. 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Iran. PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 25 IS 6 BP 3776 EP 3793 DI 10.24200/sci.2017.20009 PG 18 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA HF5HL UT WOS:000454263200010 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Haworth, BT Bruce, E Whittaker, J Read, R AF Haworth, Billy Tusker Bruce, Eleanor Whittaker, Joshua Read, Roisin TI The Good, the Bad, and the Uncertain: Contributions of Volunteered Geographic Information to Community Disaster Resilience SO FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE disaster management; resilience; social media; volunteered geographic information (VGI); geoweb; digital volunteering ID SOCIAL MEDIA; EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; RISK REDUCTION; BIG DATA; COMMUNICATION; PREPAREDNESS; KNOWLEDGE; BUSHFIRE; SERVICES; FACEBOOK AB The adoption of location-based information sharing technologies, and the emergence of volunteered geographic information (VGI), has seen changes to community involvement in disaster management. The concept of resilience, and recognition of the capacity for renewal, re-organization, and societal development, has gained currency in disaster management. However, the opportunities presented by spatially referenced data for sourcing contextual information for understanding processes of social-ecological resilience and fostering local inclusion has not been examined. We examine how web 2.0 platforms, including VGI and social media, can support resilience building, and critically evaluate how these technologies potentially undermine resilience. We concentrate our analysis on factors deemed important for community disaster resilience through review of recent literature, policy documents, and author experience. Establishing which elements of VGI in disaster management should be emphasized, such as increased flexibility or individual empowerment, and which require careful management, such as compromised privacy or data quality, will enable VGI to become less opportunistic, data-centric, disruptive, and exclusionary, and allow for more reliable, community-centric, complementary, and socially inclusive practices. Incorporating awareness and training on collaborative geoweb technologies into disaster preparedness programs will equip individuals to make informed judgments on VGI content and reduce unintended consequences of social media initiatives. C1 [Haworth, Billy Tusker; Read, Roisin] Univ Manchester, Humanitarian & Conflict Response Inst, Sch Arts Languages & Cultures, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Bruce, Eleanor] Univ Sydney, Sch Geosci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Whittaker, Joshua] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Environm Risk Management Bushfires, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. RP Haworth, BT (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Humanitarian & Conflict Response Inst, Sch Arts Languages & Cultures, Manchester, Lancs, England. EM billy.haworth@manchester.ac.uk RI Whittaker, Joshua/P-1260-2019 OI Whittaker, Joshua/0000-0002-6872-334X FU Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre (Australia) FX The Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre (Australia) supported parts of this research. 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Earth Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2018 VL 6 AR UNSP 183 DI 10.3389/feart.2018.00183 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA HF2QL UT WOS:000454081400002 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Khan, AA Ashraf, MI Urooj, N Nasir, IU Husnain, R Khattak, S Sayyed, AA AF Khan, Aleena Akbar Ashraf, Mohammad Ijaz Urooj, Namra Nasir, Irfan ul Islam Husnain, Raza Khattak, Shahik Sayyed, Aamir Ali TI REVERSAL OF HARTMAN'S PROCEDURE: TIMING AND TECHNIQUE SO INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hartmans Procedure; Colorectal cancer; Hartmans Reversal; Metastasis ID INTESTINAL CONTINUITY; PRIMARY ANASTOMOSIS; EXPERIENCE AB Introduction: Hartmanns procedure is normally performed for left sided colonic pathologies in emergency situations.Restoration of intestinal continuity after Hartmanns procedure has traditionally been viewed to be technically demanding and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study has been done to show reversal rate after Hartmanns procedure in an Asian population. Methods: Data collected from database showed that 100 patients had undergone Hartmanns procedure from Jan, 2006 to Dec, 2015 due to colorectal carcinoma. Patients who subsequently underwent Hartmanns reversal were identified and their records reviewed retrospectively. Results: Hartmanns procedure was done under emergency situation in 74 patients either due obstruction (64%), perforation (9%) and anastomotic leak (1%). It is done electively in 26 patients mostly due to poor bowel preparation secondary to stenosing nature of tumor. Hartmanns reversal was done in 56 (56%) patients. The reversal was not offered in remaini g patients either due to disease recurrence (34.7 %), metastasis (30.4%) , lost of follow up (21.7%) or others (10.8 %).The median interval between resection and reversal was 32 weeks. Conclusion: In our population, Hartmanns procedure is more commonly performed for colorectal cancer under emergency situations. Reversal rate is 56% and the most common reasons for not reversing the disease are either locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis. C1 [Khan, Aleena Akbar; Nasir, Irfan ul Islam] Shaukat Khanum Mem Hosp & Res Ctr, Lahore, Pakistan. [Ashraf, Mohammad Ijaz; Urooj, Namra] Shaukat Khanum Mem Hosp & Res Ctr, Gen Surg, Lahore, Pakistan. [Husnain, Raza] Patel Hosp, Surg Oncol, Karachi, Pakistan. [Khattak, Shahik; Sayyed, Aamir Ali] Shaukat Khanum Mem Hosp & Res Ctr, Surg Oncol, Lahore, Pakistan. RP Ashraf, MI (reprint author), Shaukat Khanum Mem Hosp & Res Ctr, Lahore, Pakistan. 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J. Pharm. Sci. PD OCT PY 2018 VL 5 IS 10 BP 10583 EP 10586 DI 10.5281/zenodo.1468992 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA IJ1KC UT WOS:000475656300150 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Brookfield, S Fitzgerald, L AF Brookfield, Samuel Fitzgerald, Lisa TI Homelessness and natural disasters: the role of community service organisations SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID EXTREME WEATHER; HEALTH; RESILIENCE; MOTHERS; PEOPLE AB Homelessness can decrease the disaster resilience of individuals and communities. This paper presents the findings of ten in-depth qualitative interviews conducted at a homelessness support service to explore homeless individual's experiences of natural hazards and how they access support during disasters. Thematic analysis identified three themes: disconnection (isolation causing a reliance on non-durable forms of support), service provider trust (participants accessed services they trusted) and personal disaster (homelessness increased vulnerability to relatively minor natural hazards). Findings were applied to the role of community service organisations (CSOs) using the Adaptive Cycle of Resilience as a framework. The results imply that CSOs could minimise structural pre-disaster vulnerability by engaging people who are homeless in disaster preparedness and response activities. Disaster plans need to be ` all-people' and provide tailored support for the needs of specific populations. These plans could include word-ofmouth information, emphasising the strengths of people who are homeless and anticipating their priorities during disaster. CSOs could also employ vulnerability mapping to prepare for the needs of homeless populations. The impacts of disasters should be assessed in the context of an individual's exposure and vulnerability to their effects. Disaster recovery provides opportunities to promote strengths and increase social integration for people who are homeless. C1 [Brookfield, Samuel] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Fitzgerald, Lisa] Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Brookfield, S (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. 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J. Emerg. Manag. PD OCT PY 2018 VL 33 IS 4 BP 62 EP 68 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ID9NI UT WOS:000472013700022 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Chou, CC Jeng, AP Chu, CP Chang, CH Wang, RG AF Chou, Chien-Cheng Jeng, An-Ping Chu, Chun-Ping Chang, Chih-Hsiung Wang, Ru-Guan TI Generation and visualization of earthquake drill scripts for first responders using ontology and serious game platforms SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Civil and Building Engineering Informatics (ICCBEI) CY APR 19-21, 2017 CL Taipei, TAIWAN DE Disaster response; HAZUS-MH; Earthquake drill script; Serious game; Ontology AB As there is an increasing number of disasters happening worldwide, numerous mitigation approaches have been proposed to alleviate the impact of disasters. In Taiwan, public and private organizations often work together to prepare various disaster scenarios to train emergency response units. Thus, the design of appropriate drill scripts plays an important role in enhancing the capabilities of first responders in a real disaster. However, developing a reasonable drill script is a time-consuming, error-prone, and costly task. Drill scripts designed may need to accommodate time-dependent, region-specific requirements so that first responders can see varied disaster scenarios for improvement. Therefore, an ontology model with Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) constructs is proposed to help the drill script generation process for earthquakes in Taiwan. Drill script designers need to prepare an input data set describing a simulated earthquake using the Taiwan Earthquake Loss Estimation System, a simplified version of the Hazards U.S. Multi Hazard (HAZUS-MH) program. Then, a drill script following pre-defined rules can be generated and combined with Unity, a serious game platform, in order to display all earthquake-related events in a virtual environment. Additional rules to accommodate varied requirements of an earthquake can be represented by customized SWRL constructs, which can be seamlessly added into the proposed drill script generation process. The developed system is demonstrated using data sets for buildings in Taiwan. During a disaster exercise, first responders can gain better situational awareness regarding an earthquake's spatiotemporal progress. Finally, it is suggested that first responders review the scene using the proposed approach immediately after a real earthquake, so that improved search and rescue plans can be defined and implemented. C1 [Chou, Chien-Cheng; Jeng, An-Ping; Chu, Chun-Ping; Chang, Chih-Hsiung; Wang, Ru-Guan] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Informat Technol Disaster Prevent Program, 300 Jhongda Rd, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan. [Jeng, An-Ping] Taoyuan Fire Dept, 280 Lixing Rd, Taoyuan 33054, Taiwan. RP Chou, CC (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Informat Technol Disaster Prevent Program, 300 Jhongda Rd, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan. EM ccchou@ncu.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology of TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST106-2119-M-008-005, MOST105-3113-E-008-002, NSC100-2119-M-008-040] FX The research was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan under Grants MOST106-2119-M-008-005, MOST105-3113-E-008-002, and NSC100-2119-M-008-040. We also thank the Taipei City government, Taoyuan City government and NCREE for providing the data sets and TELES-related assistance. 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PD OCT PY 2018 VL 38 BP 538 EP 554 DI 10.1016/j.aei.2018.09.003 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA HF6WJ UT WOS:000454378700040 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, XH Chen, GM Zhang, RR Zhu, HW Fu, JM AF Li, Xinhong Chen, Guoming Zhang, Renren Zhu, Hongwei Fu, Jianmin TI Simulation and assessment of underwater gas release and dispersion from subsea gas pipelines leak SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE CFD simulation; Risk assessment; Underwater gas release; Dispersion; Subsea pipelines ID DEEP-WATER OIL; BUBBLE PLUMES; MODEL; IMPACT; TRANSPORT; BLOWOUTS AB Subsea gas release and dispersion can cause safety concerns such as fire, explosion or stability loss of floating installations. This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based approach to describe the behavior of underwater gas release and dispersion from subsea gas pipelines leak. The uniqueness of the present study is the integration of estimating subsea gas release rate and predicting rising gas plume. The proposed approach is comprised of two submodels. An equivalent short pipeline model is established to calculate the subsea gas release rate, considering the change of hole size and environmental pressure. A 3D model based on Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling concept is built to predict the rising gas plume, in which bubbles are treated as discrete particles. The validation is carried out by comparing CFD results against experimental data. The underwater gas dispersion simulations include a matrix of scenarios for different gas release rates, water depths, ocean current speeds and leak positions, to study their effects on the behavior of underwater gas plume. The developed CFD model can provide some valuable outputs, e.g., gas release rate, rise time, horizontal dispersion distance and surfacing area size. These results could help to conduct the risk assessment and the emergency planning for accidental leakage of subsea gas pipelines. (C) 2018 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Xinhong; Chen, Guoming; Zhang, Renren; Zhu, Hongwei; Fu, Jianmin] China Univ Petr East China, COEST, 66 Changjiang West Rd, Qingdao, Peoples R China. RP Chen, GM (reprint author), China Univ Petr East China, COEST, 66 Changjiang West Rd, Qingdao, Peoples R China. EM safety_lxh@163.com; gmchen@upc.edu.cn FU National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0802305]; Postgraduate Innovation Engineering Project of China University of Petroleum (East China) [YCX2018053] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by National Key R&D Program of China (No: 2016YFC0802305) and Postgraduate Innovation Engineering Project of China University of Petroleum (East China) (No: YCX2018053). 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TI Wave-Induced Vertical Motions and Bending Moments in Damaged Ships SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND APPLICATION LA English DT Article DE Oil tanker; Collision; Grounding; Seakeeping; Wave-bending moments; Emergency response; Uncertainty analysis ID LOADS; INTACT; SUPPORT AB The wave-induced vertical ship motions and bending moments of a double hull-oil tanker in realistic flooding conditions are studied. The scenarios investigated are represented by water ingress into the starboard ballast tanks for collision damage cases and both starboard and portside ballast tanks for grounding situations. Seakeeping computations are performed for eight damage scenarios and for the intact condition, each corresponding to different changes in displacement, trim, and heel. For each of the damage conditions, transfer functions of vertical motions and loads are calculated using a potential linear 3D panel hydrodynamic code in the frequency domain that includes effect of the motion of the water in flooded tanks. A MATLAB code is developed to facilitate automated hydrodynamic simulation of many damage scenarios. Verification of seakeeping results is performed by comparing transfer functions with results of the previous study. Wave-induced vertical responses of damaged ship are then compared to those of intact ship using two spectral-based methods originating from uncertainty analysis of wave loads, which are convenient tools to assess consequences of damage on short-term ship responses. Generally, observed trend is that vertical wave-induced responses of damaged ship converge toward those of intact ship with increasing wave period. Fairly small differences between responses of asymmetrically damaged ship with respect to the symmetrical incoming wave directions are found. The results of the study are an efficient method for seakeeping assessment of damaged oil tankers and the framework for evaluating consequences of damage scenarios, heading angles, and sea conditions on seakeeping responses of damaged ships. The results can be used to decide if the intact ship model can be used instead of the damaged one for the emergency response procedure or for the risk assessment studies when modeling and computational time represent important limitations. C1 [Mikulic, A.; Parunov, J.] Univ Zagreb, Fac Mech Engn & Naval Architecture, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Guedes Soares, C.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Marine Technol & Ocean Engn CENTEC, Inst Super Tecn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Parunov, J (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Fac Mech Engn & Naval Architecture, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. EM jparunov@fsb.hr RI Parunov, Josko/V-3523-2019 OI Parunov, Josko/0000-0002-8566-4927 FU Croatian Science Foundation [8658]; ERASMUS scholarship FX A. Mikulic has benefited from an ERASMUS scholarship that allowed him to visit the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering (CENTEC), Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, where most calculations have been performed. Josko Parunov was supported by the Croatian Science Foundation under the project 8658. 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Mar. Sci. Appl. PD SEP PY 2018 VL 17 IS 3 BP 389 EP 405 DI 10.1007/s11804-018-0050-4 PG 17 WC Engineering, Marine SC Engineering GA HH5UH UT WOS:000455793200011 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Manfreda, S Samela, C Refice, A Tramutoli, V Nardi, F AF Manfreda, Salvatore Samela, Caterina Refice, Alberto Tramutoli, Valerio Nardi, Fernando TI Advances in Large-Scale Flood Monitoring and Detection SO HYDROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE hydroinformatics; flood mapping; flood monitoring; floodplains; rivers dynamics; DEM-based methods; geomorphology; data scarce environments ID DELINEATION; RISK AB The last decades have seen a massive advance in technologies for Earth observation (EO) and environmental monitoring, which provided scientists and engineers with valuable spatial information for studying hydrologic processes. At the same time, the power of computers and newly developed algorithms have grown sharply. Such advances have extended the range of possibilities for hydrologists, who are trying to exploit these potentials the most, updating and re-inventing the way hydrologic and hydraulic analyses are carried out. A variety of research fields have progressed significantly, ranging from the evaluation of water features, to the classification of land-cover, the identification of river morphology, and the monitoring of extreme flood events. The description of flood processes may particularly benefit from the integrated use of recent algorithms and monitoring techniques. In fact, flood exposure and risk over large areas and in scarce data environments have always been challenging topics due to the limited information available on river basin hydrology, basin morphology, land cover, and the resulting model uncertainty. The ability of new tools to carry out intensive analyses over huge datasets allows us to produce flood studies over large extents and with a growing level of detail. The present Special Issue aims to describe the state-of-the-art on flood assessment, monitoring, and management using new algorithms, new measurement systems and EO data. More specifically, we collected a number of contributions dealing with: (1) the impact of climate change on floods; (2) real time flood forecasting systems; (3) applications of EO data for hazard, vulnerability, risk mapping, and post-disaster recovery phase; and (4) development of tools and platforms for assessment and validation of hazard/risk models. C1 [Manfreda, Salvatore; Samela, Caterina] Univ Basilicata, Dept European Culture & Mediterranean DICEM, I-75100 Matera, Italy. [Refice, Alberto] CNR, IREA, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Tramutoli, Valerio] Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Nardi, Fernando] Univ Foreigners Perugia, Water Resource Res & Documentat Ctr WARREDOC, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Manfreda, S (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Dept European Culture & Mediterranean DICEM, I-75100 Matera, Italy. 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G, 2003, COASTAL ENG 2002 SOL Winsemius HC, 2013, HYDROL EARTH SYST SC, V17, P1871, DOI 10.5194/hess-17-1871-2013 Winsemius HC, 2016, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V6, P381, DOI [10.1038/nclimate2893, 10.1038/NCLIMATE2893] NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2306-5338 J9 HYDROLOGY-BASEL JI Hydrology PD SEP PY 2018 VL 5 IS 3 AR 49 DI 10.3390/hydrology5030049 PG 4 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA HG7GN UT WOS:000455158400019 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Yusoff, IM Ramli, A Alkasirah, NAM Nasir, NM AF Yusoff, Izham Mohamad Ramli, Aznarahayu Alkasirah, Nurul Azni Mhd Nasir, Norashila Mohd TI Exploring the managing of flood disaster: A Malaysian perspective SO GEOGRAFIA-MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIETY & SPACE LA English DT Article DE disaster management phases; flood disaster management; flood preparedness; flood recovery; Geographic Information System; prevention/mitigation ID MANAGEMENT; KELANTAN; VICTIMS; LESSONS; SUPPORT; SYSTEM; IMPACT; LEVEL AB Flooding occurs periodically in Malaysia and has become a common occurrence. This annual occurrence of floods has given a big impact on lives of humans and other living being. Due to the negative impact of floods, we need to pay serious attention and take an alternatives way to reduce this disaster. This paper reviews previous articles relating to flood disaster management in Malaysia based on electronic databases which are subscribed by the university library. The flood disaster management in Malaysia involves four phases, which are prevention/mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The disaster prevention/mitigation and preparedness are the best way forward because if these two phases were successfully handled, the burden of the next phases will be reduced. Besides, the agencies responsible for the management of floods in Malaysia have been identified in this study. The usage of technology for managing flood events has also been reviewed. The role of communities affected by the floods is no less important. 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PD AUG PY 2018 VL 14 IS 3 BP 24 EP 36 DI 10.17576/geo-2018-1403-03 PG 13 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HY3WY UT WOS:000468059600003 OA Bronze DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lee, MS Bhang, SY AF Lee, Mi-Sun Bhang, Soo-Young TI Assessment Tools for the Mental Health of School-Aged Children and Adolescents Exposed to Disaster: A Systematic Review (1988-2015) SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review DE Disaster; Mental health tool; Assessment; Children; Systematic review ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; POST TRAUMATIC STRESS; SERIOUS EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HURRICANE KATRINA; RISK-FACTORS; DEPRESSIVE REACTIONS; SICHUAN EARTHQUAKE; NORWEGIAN CHILDREN; TERRORIST ATTACKS AB Objectives: In this study, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of studies investigating psychosocial factors affecting children exposed to disasters. Methods: In total, 140 studies were retrieved. The studies were published from 1988 to 2015. A systematic review was performed using the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched. Each database was searched using the following terms: 'Child,' 'Adolescent,' 'Youth,' 'Disaster,' 'Posttraumatic,' 'Psychosocial,' 'Assessment,' 'Evaluation,' and 'Screening.' The identified studies were subjected to data extraction and appraisal. Results: The database search identified 713 articles. Based on the titles and abstracts, the full texts of 118 articles were obtained. The findings of this review can be used as a basis for the design of a psychosocial evaluation tool for disaster preparedness. Conclusion: Given the paramount importance of post-disaster evaluation and the weaknesses of current disaster evaluation tools, the need to develop valid and reliable tools and psychometric evaluations cannot be overstated. Our findings provide current evidence supporting various assessments in children, who are very vulnerable psychologically following disasters. C1 [Lee, Mi-Sun] Eulji Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Seoul, South Korea. [Bhang, Soo-Young] Eulji Univ, Sch Med, Eulji Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, 68 Hangeulbis Eok Ro, Seoul 01830, South Korea. RP Bhang, SY (reprint author), Eulji Univ, Sch Med, Eulji Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, 68 Hangeulbis Eok Ro, Seoul 01830, South Korea. EM bsy1@eulji.ac.kr FU Korean Mental Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HM15C1058] FX This study was supported by a grant from the Korean Mental Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HM15C1058). 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PD JUL PY 2018 VL 26 IS 3 BP 1333 EP 1353 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HH9XQ UT WOS:000456095700031 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Devkota, S Shakya, NM Sudmeier-Rieux, K Jaboyedoff, M Van Westen, CJ Mcadoo, BG Adhikari, A AF Devkota, Sanjaya Shakya, Narendra Man Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen Jaboyedoff, Michel Van Westen, Cees J. Mcadoo, Brian G. Adhikari, Anu TI Development of Monsoonal Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Relationship and Empirical Model for Data-Scarce Situations: The Case of the Central-Western Hills (Panchase Region) of Nepal SO HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nepal; monsoonal rain; data scarcity; intensity-duration-frequency; L-moment ID EXTREME RAINFALL; DISAGGREGATION; STATISTICS; FLOOD; PRECIPITATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; CURVES; HOMOGENEITY; LANDSLIDES; SERIES AB Intense monsoonal rain is one of the major triggering factors of floods and mass movements in Nepal that needs to be better understood in order to reduce human and economic losses and improve infrastructure planning and design. This phenomena is better understood through intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, which is a statistical method derived from historical rainfall data. In Nepal, the use of IDF for disaster management and project design is very limited. This study explored the rainfall variability and possibility to establish IDF relationships in data-scarce situations, such as in the Central-Western hills of Nepal, one of the highest rainfall zones of the country (similar to 4500 mm annually), which was chosen for this study. Homogeneous daily rainfall series of 8 stations, available from the government's meteorological department, were analyzed by grouping them into hydrological years. The monsoonal daily rainfall was disaggregated to hourly synthetic series in a stochastic environment. Utilizing the historical statistical characteristics of rainfall, a disaggregation model was parameterized and implemented in HyetosMinute, software that disaggregates daily rainfall to finer time resolution. With the help of recorded daily and disaggregated hourly rainfall, reference IDF scenarios were developed adopting the Gumbel frequency factor. A mathematical model [i = a(T)/b(d)] was parameterized to model the station-specific IDF utilizing the best-fitted probability distribution function (PDF) and evaluated utilizing the reference IDF. The test statistics revealed optimal adjustment of empirical IDF parameters, required for a better statistical fit of the data. The model was calibrated, adjusting the parameters by minimizing standard error of prediction; accordingly a station-specific empirical IDF model was developed. To regionalize the IDF for ungauged locations, regional frequency analysis (RFA) based on L-moments was implemented. The heterogeneous region was divided into two homogeneous sub-regions; accordingly, regional L-moment ratios and growth curves were evaluated. Utilizing the reasonably acceptable distribution function, the regional growth curve was developed. Together with the hourly mean (extreme) precipitation and other dynamic parameters, regional empirical IDF models were developed. The adopted approach to derive station-specific and regional empirical IDF models was statistically significant and useful for obtaining extreme rainfall intensities at the given station and ungauged locations. The analysis revealed that the region contains two distinct meteorological sub-regions highly variable in rain volume and intensity. C1 [Devkota, Sanjaya; Shakya, Narendra Man] Trivbhuvan Univ, Inst Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal. [Sudmeier-Rieux, Karen; Jaboyedoff, Michel] Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Sci ISTE, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Van Westen, Cees J.] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, NL-7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands. [Mcadoo, Brian G.] Yale NUS Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Singapore 138527, Singapore. [Adhikari, Anu] IUCN, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal. RP Devkota, S (reprint author), Trivbhuvan Univ, Inst Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal. EM devkotasanjaya@gmail.com; nms@ioe.edu.np; karen.sudmeier@gmail.com; michel.jaboyedoff@unil.ch; c.j.vanwesten@utwente.nl; brian.mcadoo@yale-nus.edu.sg; anu.adhikari@iucn.org OI Devkota, Sanjaya/0000-0003-0641-6675; SHAKYA, Narendra Man/0000-0002-2373-6286 FU International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) under the Ecosystem Protecting Infrastructure and Communities (EPIC) - Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB), Government of Germany FX This research was funded by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) under the Ecosystem Protecting Infrastructure and Communities (EPIC) (https://www.iucn.org/theme/ecosystem-management), a project funded by Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB), Government of Germany. 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L., 2014, INT J SCI RES, V3, P977 WMO-UNESCO-IAHS, 1973, P MADR S MADR SPAIN XLSTAT, 2016, XLSTAT GETT START MA Yu PS, 1996, J CHIN INST ENG, V19, P523, DOI 10.1080/02533839.1996.9677815 Yu PS, 2004, J HYDROL, V295, P108, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.003 NR 96 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU MDPI PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2306-5338 J9 HYDROLOGY-BASEL JI Hydrology PD JUN PY 2018 VL 5 IS 2 AR 27 DI 10.3390/hydrology5020027 PG 27 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA HG7GA UT WOS:000455156700006 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Khan, Y Leung, GJ Belanger, P Gournis, E Buckeridge, DL Liu, L Li, Y Johnson, IL AF Khan, Yasmin Leung, Garvin J. Belanger, Paul Gournis, Effie Buckeridge, David L. Liu, Li Li, Ye Johnson, Ian L. TI Comparing Twitter data to routine data sources in public health surveillance for the 2015 Pan/Parapan American Games: an ecological study SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE LA English DT Article DE Mass gatherings; Social media; Twitter; Surveillance; Emergency preparedness; Public health AB Objectives This study examined Twitter for public health surveillance during a mass gathering in Canada with two objectives: to explore the feasibility of acquiring, categorizing and using geolocated Twitter data and to compare Twitter data against other data sources used for Pan Parapan American Games (P/PAG) surveillance. Methods Syndrome definitions were created using keyword categorization to extract posts from Twitter. Categories were developed iteratively for four relevant syndromes: respiratory, gastrointestinal, heat-related illness, and influenza-like illness (ILI). All data sources corresponded to the location of Toronto, Canada. Twitter data were acquired from a publicly available stream representing a 1% random sample of tweets from June 26 to September 10, 2015. Cross-correlation analyses of time series data were conducted between Twitter and comparator surveillance data sources: emergency department visits, telephone helpline calls, laboratory testing positivity rate, reportable disease data, and temperature. Results The frequency of daily tweets that were classified into syndromes was low, with the highest mean number of daily tweets being for ILI and respiratory syndromes (22.0 and 21.6, respectively) and the lowest, for the heat syndrome (4.1). Cross-correlation analyses of Twitter data demonstrated significant correlations for heat syndrome with two data sources: telephone helpline calls (r = 0.4) and temperature data (r = 0.5). Conclusion Using simple syndromes based on keyword classification of geolocated tweets, we found a correlation between tweets and two routine data sources for heat alerts, the only public health event detected during P/PAG. Further research is needed to understand the role for Twitter in surveillance. C1 [Khan, Yasmin; Leung, Garvin J.; Li, Ye; Johnson, Ian L.] Publ Hlth Ontario, 480 Univ Ave,Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada. [Khan, Yasmin] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Khan, Yasmin] Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Leung, Garvin J.; Gournis, Effie; Li, Ye; Johnson, Ian L.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Belanger, Paul; Liu, Li] KFL&A Publ Hlth, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Belanger, Paul] Queens Univ, Dept Geog & Planning, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Gournis, Effie] Toronto Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Buckeridge, David L.] McGill Clin & Hlth Informat, Surveillance Lab, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Buckeridge, David L.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Khan, Y (reprint author), Publ Hlth Ontario, 480 Univ Ave,Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada.; Khan, Y (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada.; Khan, Y (reprint author), Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM yasmin.khan@oahpp.ca CR Aslam AA, 2014, J MED INTERNET RES, V16, DOI 10.2196/jmir.3532 Bennett K. J, 2013, PLOS CURRENTS DISAST, V1 BLU Lab (University of Pittsburgh) The Surveillance Lab (McGill Clinical and Health Informatics Research) NLP Research Group (National Institute of Informatics Japan), SYNDR SURV ONT Broniatowski DA, 2013, PLOS ONE, V8, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083672 Brownstein JS, 2009, NEW ENGL J MED, V360, P2153, DOI [10.1056/NEJMp0900702, 10.1056/NEJMp0904012] Burton SH, 2012, J MED INTERNET RES, V14, P366, DOI 10.2196/jmir.2121 Cassa C. A, 2013, PLOS CURRENTS DISAST, V1 Chan E, 2017, Can Commun Dis Rep, V43, P156 Charles-Smith LE, 2015, PLOS ONE, V10, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0139701 Citron C, 2013, HAZARD IDENTIFICATIO Denecke K, 2013, METHOD INFORM MED, V52, P326, DOI [10.3414/ME12-02-0010, 10.3414/ME12.02-0010] Government of Ontario, 2014, GET MED ADV TEL ONT Henning KJ., 2004, MORB MORTAL WKLY R S, V53, P7 Jia KB, 2015, AFR HEALTH SCI, V15, P797, DOI 10.4314/ahs.v15i3.13 Keller M, 2009, EMERG INFECT DIS, V15, P689, DOI 10.3201/eid1505.081114 Kingston Frontenac and Lennox and Addington Public Health, ACUTE CARE ENHANCED McCloskey B, 2014, LANCET, V383, P2083, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62342-9 Mollema L, 2015, J MED INTERNET RES, V17, DOI 10.2196/jmir.3863 Morstatter F, 2013, ARXIV13065204 Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario), 2015, 2015 PAN AM PAR AM G The Toronto Organizing Committee for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, 2015, TOR 2015 PAN AM PAR *WORDNET, WORDNET LEX DAT ENGL World Health Organization, 2015, PUBL HLTH MASS GATH NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0008-4263 EI 1920-7476 J9 CAN J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Can. J. Public Health-Rev. Can. Sante Publ. PD JUN PY 2018 VL 109 IS 3 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.17269/s41997-018-0059-0 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HF2BW UT WOS:000454042100018 PM 29981081 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Martinez-Pagan, P Navarro, M Perez-Cuevas, J Alcala, FJ Garcia-Jerez, A Vidal, FR AF Martinez-Pagan, Pedro Navarro, Manuel Perez-Cuevas, Jaruselsky Alcala, Francisco J. Garcia-Jerez, Antonio Rancisco Vidal, F. TI Shear-wave velocity structure from MASW and SPAC methods: The case of Adra town, SE Spain SO NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Urban Geophysics CY SEP, 2016 CL Barcelona, SPAIN DE Spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method; Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW); geological mapping; V-s30; site amplification; Adra town ID H/V SPECTRAL RATIO; SINGLE CIRCULAR-ARRAY; AMBIENT-NOISE; MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS; SITE CHARACTERIZATION; BETIC CORDILLERA; INVERSION; MICROZONATION; RAYLEIGH; REGION AB The damage distribution in the town of Adra (south-eastern Spain) during the 1993 and 1994 Adra earthquakes of magnitude Mw similar to 5.0 and maximum intensity degree of VII (European Macroseismic Scale) was mainly concentrated in the southeast sector, where the low-diagenetic (soft) sediments outcrop. As new urbanizations are being planned in this sector, a soil classification based on the shallow shear-wave velocity (V-s) structure is needed. For the purpose of earthquake disaster mitigation, the Spatial Autocorrelation (SPAC) and the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) methods were used to propose integrated 2D V-s models for the seismic response characterization of the shallow geology. Joint inversion of H/V spectral ratios of ambient noise, interpreted under the Diffuse Field Approach and the dispersion curves derived from the SPAC method allowed us to obtain more constrained models. Both SPAC and MASW methods provided similar results for the surveyed geological formations. From these models, a classification of the geological formations was carried out in terms of V-s30 values and Eurocode 8 (European Committee for Standardization 1998) classes. Lower V-s30 values in the 180-360 m/s range were found in the southeastern sector of the town, where soft sediments outcrop and some building damage was reported during the 1993-1994 earthquakes. The highest V-s30 values exceeding 800 m/s appear in the northern sector, where the hardest rocks outcrop and no building damage was reported. The combination of the well-suited Vs database prepared for different geological formations with the 1:5,000 scale geological mapping was an important step to obtain the detailed soil microzonation map of Adra. This approach offered a new predictive insight into the building damage distribution, which would contribute to the appropriate urban planning for the future growth of the town. C1 [Martinez-Pagan, Pedro] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Murcia, Spain. [Navarro, Manuel] Univ Almeria, Almeria, Spain. [Navarro, Manuel; Garcia-Jerez, Antonio; Rancisco Vidal, F.] Univ Granada, Inst Andaluz Geofis, Granada, Spain. [Perez-Cuevas, Jaruselsky] Pontificia Univ Catolica Madre & Maestra Santo Do, Santiago De Los Caballer, Dominican Rep. [Alcala, Francisco J.] Catholic Univ Murcia, Guadalupe, Spain. [Alcala, Francisco J.] Univ Autonoma Chile, Fac Ingn, Inst Ciencias Quim Aplicadas, Providencia, Chile. RP Martinez-Pagan, P (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cartagena, Murcia, Spain. EM p.martinez@upct.es RI Garcia, Francisco Javier Alcala/C-4533-2013; Martinez-Pagan, Pedro/M-1491-2014; Garcia-Jerez, Antonio/R-4683-2019 OI Garcia, Francisco Javier Alcala/0000-0002-8165-8669; Martinez-Pagan, Pedro/0000-0002-3308-3768; Garcia-Jerez, Antonio/0000-0002-8971-7467 FU Spanish CICYT Research ProjectsConsejo Interinstitucional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CICYT) [CGL2011-30187-C02-02, CGL2014-59908]; ERDFEuropean Union (EU); Seneca Foundation Research Project [15322/PI/10]; Civil Defense and the Police Staffs of Adra FX The research was funded by the Spanish CICYT Research Projects CGL2011-30187-C02-02 and CGL2014-59908 supported by ERDF, and the Seneca Foundation Research Project 15322/PI/10. 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PD JUN PY 2018 VL 16 IS 3 BP 356 EP 371 DI 10.3997/1873-0604.2018012 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA HE8IW UT WOS:000453691100012 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Kappler, KE AF Kappler, Karolin Eva TI Big crisis data: generality-singularity tensions SO INTERNET POLICY REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Big data; Big crisis data; Valuation studies; Singularity ID VALUATION; LIMITS AB The current massive surge of digital data, measurements and new forms of (algorithmic) valuation affects emergency situations (both natural and human-made crises) and emergency management systems. By introducing 'big crisis data', the very concepts of emergency and crisis rely heavily on the calculations of events and crowd behaviour, constituting, controlling and shifting the interplay between different actors. From a critical data perspective, this paper focuses on the entanglements of crisis digital data assemblages with human and institutional actions, stressing the risks and challenges of the underlying data practices of two key processes - what could be called valorisation and singularisation. C1 [Kappler, Karolin Eva] Univ Hagen, Inst Sociol, Hagen, Germany. RP Kappler, KE (reprint author), Univ Hagen, Inst Sociol, Hagen, Germany. EM karolin.kappler@fernuni-hagen.de FU FP7 SECURITY [606853] FX The empirical research was partly funded by the FP7 SECURITY 2013 - Grant Agreement No 606853 - SUPER: Social sensors for security assessments and proactive emergencies. 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PD MAY PY 2018 VL 7 IS 2 SI SI DI 10.14763/2018.2.789 PG 12 WC Law SC Government & Law GA HG0TU UT WOS:000454662600002 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Sorani, M Tourani, S Khankeh, HR Panahi, S AF Sorani, Mohamad Tourani, Sogand Khankeh, Hamid Reza Panahi, Sirous TI Prehospital Emergency Medical Services Challenges in Disaster; a Qualitative Study SO EMERGENCY LA English DT Article DE Disaster planning; emergency medical services; qualitative research; earthquakes ID CARE; INFRASTRUCTURE; EARTHQUAKE AB Introduction: Prehospital Emergency Medical Care (EMC) is a critical service in disaster management. The aim of this study was to explore the challenges of prehospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) during disaster response in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted from April 2015 to March 2017. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 23 experienced individuals in the field of disaster that were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were analyzed using content analysis approach. Results: Fifteen subthemes and the following six themes emerged in the analysis: challenges related to people, challenges related to infrastructure, challenges related to information management systems, challenges related to staff, challenges related to managerial issues and challenges related to medical care. Conclusion: Iran's prehospital EMS has been chaotic in past disasters. Improvement of this process needs infrastructure reform, planning, staff training and public education. C1 [Sorani, Mohamad] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth Management & Informat Sci, Dept Hlth Emergencies & Disasters, Tehran, Iran. [Tourani, Sogand] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth Management & Informat Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Tehran, Iran. [Khankeh, Hamid Reza] Univ Social Welf & Rehabil Sci, Tehran, Iran. [Khankeh, Hamid Reza] Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci & Educ, Stockholm, Sweden. [Panahi, Sirous] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Hlth Management & Informat Sci, Dept Med Library & Informat Sci, Tehran, Iran. RP Tourani, S (reprint author), 6,Yasemi St,Kurdsistan Ave, Tehran, Iran. EM soga.tourani@gmail.com FU School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences [IUMS/SHMIS: 1394/34] FX This paper was supported financially by School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS/SHMIS: 1394/34). 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TI Crisis-Management Content in LIS Curricula: Developing a Model for Future Improvement SO JOURNAL OF LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article DE crisis management; disaster planning; disaster preparedness; social unrest; LIS curricula; competencies ID SOCIAL MEDIA; PUBLIC-LIBRARIES; INFORMATION; DISASTER; SERVICES; EMERGENCY; EDUCATION AB Although the field of crisis management has grown considerably, academic curricula do not seem to have kept pace. This study investigates how library and information science (LIS) programs are addressing the need to provide adequate and relevant crisis management course content, so as to better empower librarians and other information professionals during community-based disasters and unpredictable circumstances. Twenty-eight ALA-accredited MLIS programs were evaluated. A four-phase model for evaluating crisis management content in LIS education (CM-LIS) has been developed. Crisis management topics were identified and categorized under the four phases: landscape survey, strategic planning, crisis management, and organizational learning. Six broad LIS subject modules were also identified to analyze the percentage of coverage of these topics. In the 264 course syllabi evaluated, curricula indirectly prepare librarians on how to meet and respond to crises and disasters within their communities; however, in many cases, this is given low priority. There is not a strong consideration for natural disasters and the societal calamities and unrest that dominate the media and occupy the minds of individual communities. This study gives insight into crisis-management education within LIS graduate degrees and should stimulate additional research to further investigate the preparedness of librarians and other information professionals to interact with communities in need in times of crises. 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National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, 2008, M INF NEEDS AM PEOPL White MD, 2006, LIBR TRENDS, V55, P22, DOI 10.1353/lib.2006.0053 Zach L., 2010, J ED EVIDENCE BASED, V2, P59 Zach L., 2010, PUBLIC LIB, V49, P37 Zach Lisl, 2011, Science & Technology Libraries, V30, P404, DOI 10.1080/0194262X.2011.626341 NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0193-0826 EI 1540-3564 J9 J LIBR ADM JI J. Libr. Adm. PY 2018 VL 58 IS 7 BP 645 EP 673 DI 10.1080/01930826.2018.1514838 PG 29 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA IA9ZU UT WOS:000469917400001 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Quill, TM AF Quill, Theresa Marguerite TI Humanitarian Mapping as Library Outreach: A Case for Community-Oriented Mapathons SO JOURNAL OF WEB LIBRARIANSHIP LA English DT Article DE humanitarian OpenStreetMap; humanitarian mapping; interdisciplinary library outreach; mapathons; Participatory Geographic Information Systems; PPGIS; volunteered geographic information AB Maps and geospatial data are critical in disaster response situations. Accurate and updated maps direct first responders to areas of most need, reroute supply lines according to the post-disaster landscape, and help identify remote communities. Unfortunately, accurate and detailed geospatial data is not readily available for many parts of the world. Crowdsourced mapping programs such as Humanitarian OpenStreetMap (HOT) and Tomnod rely on volunteers to create this essential data, with a focus on the world's most vulnerable places. Groups of volunteers contribute to HOT and Tomnod in events called mapathons. This case study at Indiana University Bloomington's Herman B Wells Library asserts that the library is a natural home for humanitarian mapathons, as participants actively engage with spatial and data literacy concepts as they become spatial data creators. Through library mapathons, participants gain spatial and data literacy skills, engage with a global community, connect with other parts of the world, and are exposed to library resources. Hosting a mapathon requires very few specialized skills or knowledge, and has broad appeal. While Indiana University, Bloomington serves about 40,000 students, this case study provides tips and best practices for hosting humanitarian mapathons at libraries of any size. C1 [Quill, Theresa Marguerite] Indiana Univ, Herman B Wells Lib, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Quill, TM (reprint author), 1320 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM theward@indiana.edu CR Brown G, 2012, APPL GEOGR, V34, P289, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.12.004 Elwood S, 2012, ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR, V102, P571, DOI 10.1080/00045608.2011.595657 Haklay M, 2010, ENVIRON PLANN B, V37, P682, DOI 10.1068/b35097 Lin YW, 2011, NEW REV HYPERMEDIA M, V17, P53, DOI 10.1080/13614568.2011.552647 Mikel, 2010, HAITI OPENSTREETMAP National Research Council, 2006, SUCC RESP STARTS MAP, DOI [10.17226/11793, DOI 10.17226/11793] Nourbakhsh I, 2006, NATURE, V439, P787, DOI 10.1038/439787a PEET L, 2017, LIBR J, V142, P14 Tulloch D. L., 2007, MANY MANY MAPS EMPOW, DOI [10.5210/fm.v12i2.1620, DOI 10.5210/FM.V12I2.1620] NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1932-2909 EI 1932-2917 J9 J WEB LIBRARIANSH JI J. Web Llibrariansh. PY 2018 VL 12 IS 3 BP 160 EP 168 DI 10.1080/19322909.2018.1463585 PG 9 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA IB0HZ UT WOS:000469940200002 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Polanczyk, A Salamonowicz, Z Majder-Lopatka, M Dmochowska, A Jarosz, W Matuszkiewicz, R Makowski, R AF Polanczyk, Andrzej Salamonowicz, Zdzislaw Majder-Lopatka, Malgorzata Dmochowska, Anna Jarosz, Wojciech Matuszkiewicz, Rafal Makowski, Radoslaw TI 3D Simulation of Chlorine Dispersion in Rrural Area SO ROCZNIK OCHRONA SRODOWISKA LA English DT Article DE chlorine dispersion; CFD; dense gas dispersion models; turbulent flow; emergency response model ID HEAVY GAS DISPERSION; DUST EXPLOSION; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; CLOUD DISPERSION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CFD ANALYSIS; URBAN AREAS; INDUSTRIAL; MODEL; CONSEQUENCE AB Prediction of hazardous substances dispersion resulting from accidental leakage in environment is essential for risk analysis and emergency response. Different numerical tools are applied for description of dispersion process. Development of numerical algorithms has enabled the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to be used extensively in indoor dispersion studies. Numerical methods based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) may facilitate the precise investigation of the hazardous substances dispersion. Therefore, the aim of the study was to prepare a transient CFD model describing the phenomena of chlorine dispersion in a dynamic setup including different environmental factors. Reliable computational description of dispersion process still represents one of the most challenging applications. Therefore, we aimed to prepare a transient 2D and 3D numerical models of chlorine dispersion from a ground source in a dynamic setup. For 2D simulation a Degadis model was used, while for 3D approach a multiphase Volume of Fluid model (VOF) was applied. For both analyzed cases area of investigation was equal to 0.1 km(2). Furthermore, for 3D simulations height was equal to 50 m. For the reconstruction of atmospheric conditions Pasquill stability classes and one-direction wind were applied. Analysis of chlorine concentration in function of wind intensity indicated extension of chlorine cloud with decrease of concentration. Moreover, comparison of constant and dynamic setup indicated high impact of wind. In case of windless conditions circular profile of chlorine concentration around dispersion source was noticed. Wind directed the chloride cloud which dispersed accordingly to the wind direction. As expected chloride concentration decreased with altitude. 2D model allowed prediction of polluted cloud in horizontal direction, while 3D model allowed description of horizontal and vertical distribution of chlorine. It was observed that with increase of Pasquill stability class the area of chlorine dispersion had similar character for horizontal model as well as for horizontal and vertical model (3D). For the windless case circular profile of chlorine concentration around dispersion source was observed. Additionally, for the wind application the main chlorine concentration moved ahead the source of dispersion. Analysis of chlorine concentration in function of height resulted in decrease of chlorine appearance in upper level of mathematical domain. C1 [Polanczyk, Andrzej; Salamonowicz, Zdzislaw; Majder-Lopatka, Malgorzata; Dmochowska, Anna; Jarosz, Wojciech; Matuszkiewicz, Rafal; Makowski, Radoslaw] Main Sch Fire Serv, Warsaw, Poland. RP Polanczyk, A (reprint author), Main Sch Fire Serv, Warsaw, Poland. 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Sr. PY 2018 VL 20 BP 1035 EP 1048 PN 2 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HZ9HJ UT WOS:000469166100005 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Eicken, H Mahoney, A Jones, J Heinrichs, T Broderson, D Statscewich, H Weingartner, T Stuefer, M Ravens, T Ivey, M Merten, A Zhang, JL AF Eicken, Hajo Mahoney, Andrew Jones, Joshua Heinrichs, Thomas Broderson, Dayne Statscewich, Hank Weingartner, Thomas Stuefer, Martin Ravens, Tom Ivey, Mark Merten, Amy Zhang, Jinlun TI Sustained Observations of Changing Arctic Coastal and Marine Environments and Their Potential Contribution to Arctic Maritime Domain Awareness: A Case Study in Northern Alaska SO ARCTIC LA English DT Article DE observing systems; coastal hazards; Arctic shipping; sea ice; radar; ice drift; currents; decision support; risk ID SEA-ICE; FRAMEWORK; BARROW; VULNERABILITY; INFORMATION; DYNAMICS; NUNAVUT AB Increased maritime activities and rapid environmental change pose significant hazards, both natural and technological, to Arctic maritime operators and coastal communities. Currently, U.S. and foreign research activities account for more than half of the sustained hazard-relevant observations in the U.S. maritime Arctic, but hazard assessment and emergency response are hampered by a lack of dedicated hazard monitoring installations in the Arctic. In the present study, we consider a number of different sustained environmental observations associated with research into atmosphere-ice-ocean processes, and discuss how they can help support the toolkit of emergency responders. Building on a case study at Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, we investigate potential hazards in the seasonally ice-covered coastal zone. Guided by recent incidents requiring emergency response, we analyze data from coastal radar and other observing assets, such as an ice mass balance site and oceanographic moorings, in order to outline a framework for coastal maritime hazard assessments that builds on diverse observing systems infrastructure. This approach links Arctic system science research to operational information needs in the context of the development of a Common Operational Picture (COP) for Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) relevant for Arctic coastal and offshore regions. A COP in these regions needs to consider threats not typically part of the classic MDA framework, including sea ice or slow-onset hazards. An environmental security and MDA testbed is proposed for northern Alaska, building on research and community assets to help guide a hybrid research-operational framework that supports effective emergency response in Arctic regions. C1 [Eicken, Hajo] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, 2160 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Mahoney, Andrew; Jones, Joshua; Broderson, Dayne; Stuefer, Martin] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, 2160 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Heinrichs, Thomas] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, 1300 Eisele Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99712 USA. [Statscewich, Hank; Weingartner, Thomas] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 505 South Chandalar Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Ravens, Tom] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Civil Engn, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Ivey, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Merten, Amy] NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Zhang, Jinlun] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Eicken, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, 2160 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM heicken@alaska.edu FU U,S. Department of Homeland Security through the ADAC Center of Excellence [2014-ST-061-ML0002] FX This work was supported by the U,S. Department of Homeland Security through the ADAC Center of Excellence under grant award number 2014-ST-061-ML0002. The views and conclusions in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Comments by two anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. CR AKDHSEM (Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management), 2014, AL EM RES GUID SMALL Alessa L., 2016, ARCTIC OBSERVING SUM [Anonymous], 2015, CBC NEWS Arctic Council, 2011, AGR COOP AER MART SE Arctic Council, 2013, AGR COOP MAR OIL POL Arctic Council, 2015, 09 MIN M IQ CAN 24 2 Barnhart KR, 2014, CRYOSPHERE, V8, P1777, DOI 10.5194/tc-8-1777-2014 Brigham L. W., 2014, ENV EC SECURITY CHAL Brunner R. 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L., 2016, ARCTIC OBSERVING SUM Mahoney AR, 2015, ANN GLACIOL, V56, P363, DOI 10.3189/2015AoG69A565 Merten A., 2013, WITNESS THE ARCTIC Merten A. A., 2014, INT OIL SPILL C P, V2014, P1512, DOI [10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.1512, DOI 10.7901/2169-3358-2014.1.1512] Mv R, 2013, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V51, P2556, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2217972 Norton D. W., 2001, 50 MORE YEARS ZERO T Petrescu E., 2015, UPDATE ARCTIC TEST B Pizzolato L, 2014, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V123, P161, DOI 10.1007/s10584-013-1038-3 Ravens T. M., 2012, AM GEOPH UN FALL M 3 Ravens TM, 2012, J WATERW PORT C-ASCE, V138, P122, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000106 Shahir HY, 2014, 2014 IEEE JOINT INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY INFORMATICS CONFERENCE (JISIC), P192, DOI 10.1109/JISIC.2014.36 Statscewich H, 2014, MAR TECHNOL SOC J, V48, P97, DOI 10.4031/MTSJ.48.5.1 Stone RS, 2002, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V107, DOI 10.1029/2000JD000286 Sullivan K., 2015, STATEMENT K SULLIVAN Verlinde J., 2016, AMS METEOROLOGICAL M, V57 Vinnem JF, 2007, SPRINGER SER RELIAB, P1, DOI 10.1007/978-1-84628-717-6 Zhang JL, 2012, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V39, DOI 10.1029/2012GL053545 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARCTIC INST N AMER PI CALGARY PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER, CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA SN 0004-0843 EI 1923-1245 J9 ARCTIC JI Arctic PY 2018 VL 71 IS 5 SU 1 DI 10.14430/arctic4622 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA HR1WJ UT WOS:000462926500004 OA Other Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Lusk, R Zimmerman, J VanMaldeghem, K Kim, S Roth, N Lavinder, J Fulton, A Raycraft, M Galang, R AF Lusk, Richard Zimmerman, John VanMaldeghem, Kelley Kim, Suzanna Roth, Nicole Lavinder, James Fulton, Anna Raycraft, Meghan Galang, Romeo TI USE OF MACHINE LEARNING IN SURVEILLANCE CASE IDENTIFICATION FOR THE ZIKA EMERGENCY RESPONSE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 67th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene (ASTHM) CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 2018 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg, Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Takeda Pharmaceut Int AG, Novartis Social Business, Celgene Corp, Techlab Inc, Indiana Univ, Sch Med, B EI Resources, Sanofi Pasteur, Welcome, PLOS, Elsevier C1 [Lusk, Richard; Zimmerman, John; VanMaldeghem, Kelley; Kim, Suzanna; Lavinder, James; Raycraft, Meghan] Deloitte, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roth, Nicole; Fulton, Anna] Eagle Med Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Galang, Romeo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PY 2018 VL 99 IS 4 SU S MA 921 BP 289 EP 290 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA HP0WF UT WOS:000461386603257 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Gunawan, WW Likafia, A Joelianto, E Widyotriatmo, A AF Gunawan, Werdi Wedana Likafia, Aresti Joelianto, Endra Widyotriatmo, Augie TI Inverted Pendulum Stabilization with Flying Quadrotor SO INTERNETWORKING INDONESIA LA English DT Article DE Quadrotor; Flying hoverboard; Inverted pendulum; Dynamics modelling; PID controller; Tuning; Remote operation and control AB Quadrotor flying hoverboard is a future technology with applications in various fields such as sports, recreation, military, disaster mitigation and urban transportation. In this paper, it is developed a quadrotor flying hoverboard system that stabilizes an inverted pendulum controlled by a PID controller. The implementation of the PID controller begins with the design of the hardware and prototype, followed by the system modeling, and continued by the PID controller design and the safety system. The control system consists of two PID controllers switched at a specified angle of the inverted pendulum position. The PID controllers with optimized parameters and fine tuning give the best response of the output roll angle inverted pendulum although there occurs time delay about 0.2 s. C1 [Gunawan, Werdi Wedana; Likafia, Aresti] Bandung Inst Technol, Fac Ind Technol, Engn Phys Study Program, Bandung, Indonesia. [Joelianto, Endra; Widyotriatmo, Augie] Bandung Inst Technol, Instrumentat & Control Res Grp, Fac Ind Technol, Bandung, Indonesia. [Joelianto, Endra] Bandung Inst Technol, Ctr Def & Secur Technol, Bandung, Indonesia. RP Joelianto, E (reprint author), Bandung Inst Technol, Instrumentat & Control Res Grp, Fac Ind Technol, Bandung, Indonesia.; Joelianto, E (reprint author), Bandung Inst Technol, Ctr Def & Secur Technol, Bandung, Indonesia. EM werdigunawa@gmail.com; arestilikafia@gmail.com; ejoel@tf.itb.ac.id; augie@tf.itb.ac.id FU Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia under the Decentralized Research Program on Higher Education Excellent Research, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia under the Decentralized Research Program on Higher Education Excellent Research, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia 2016. CR Balas C., 2007, THESIS Chen C. D., 2009, THESIS Chovancova A, 2014, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V96, P172, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.139 Hehn M., 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2011), P763, DOI 10.1109/ICRA.2011.5980244 Luukkonen Teppo, 2011, INDEPENDENT RES PROJ Yalcin B. C., 2014, WASET INT J MECH AER, V8, P1211 Zhang C, 2017, ROBOTICA, V35, P1263, DOI 10.1017/S0263574716000035 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY & INTERNET DEVELOPMENT INDONESIA PI CAMBRIDGE PA MIT STATION, PO BOX 397110, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1942-9703 J9 INTERNETWORKING INDO JI Internetworking Indones. PY 2018 VL 10 IS 2 BP 29 EP 35 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA HN4FU UT WOS:000460140600004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Li, YF Liang, C AF Li, Yafei Liang, Chen TI The Analysis of Spatial Pattern and Hotspots of Aviation Accident and Ranking the Potential Risk Airports Based on GIS Platform SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-AVIATION; TRAFFIC CRASHES; CITY AB Aviation accident analysis is an important task to ensure aviation safety. The existing researches mainly focus on the analysis of aviation accident time characteristics and accident causes and less analysis of the spatial characteristics of aviation accidents. The spatial characteristics analysis of aviation accidents can identify hot spots of aviation accidents, improve the accuracy of aviation accident emergency management, and provide decision support for airport route planning. This study established the severity index of aviation accident based on aviation accident data, using GIS spatial analysis methods to study the spatial distribution characteristics of aviation accidents. The hot spots were identified in the aviation accidents. Finally, airports around the accident hot spots were ranked to obtain the airports with high potential aviation risks based on RI, taking Florida as an example. It was found that in the Florida aviation accident, general aviation accidents accounted for the majority, but the aviation accident severity index for air route flight was far greater than general aviation accidents. From the spatial distribution point of view, accidents with high severity index were distributed around large international airports. The Density Center for Aviation Accidents was located in Tampa, Miami, and some airports link areas in Florida. In terms of the Moran's I index, the distribution of aviation accidents tended to aggregate in the region as a whole. However, aviation accident severity index was randomly distributed for each year separately. At the level of significance of 0.01, there were a total of 75 accident hotspots in the Florida region, mainly in the north and southwest. Airports with high RI in the Florida area were mainly concentrated in the Miami area and the Tampa Bay area, and Orlando Airport was ranked outside the top 10. C1 [Li, Yafei; Liang, Chen] Civil Aviat Univ China, Tianjin Key Lab Air Traff Operat Planning & Safet, Tianjin 300300, Peoples R China. RP Li, YF (reprint author), Civil Aviat Univ China, Tianjin Key Lab Air Traff Operat Planning & Safet, Tianjin 300300, Peoples R China. EM commissioner@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin [17JCQNJC08600]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41501430, U1633124, 61603396] FX This research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (17JCQNJC08600) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41501430, U1633124, 61603396). 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It carries significant weight as urban planners and engineers site transportation infrastructure and utilities, plan for disaster recovery, and assess urban vitality. Various methods with various drawbacks exist to estimate daytime population density across a metropolitan area, such as using census data, travel diaries, GPS traces, or publicly available payroll data. This study estimates the San Francisco Bay Area's tract-level daytime population density from US Census and LEND LODES data. Estimated daytime densities are substantially more concentrated than corresponding night-time population densities, reflecting regional land use patterns. We conclude with a discussion of biases, limitations, and implications of this methodology. C1 [Boeing, Geoff] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boeing, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gboeing@berkeley.edu RI Boeing, Geoff/P-3238-2019 OI Boeing, Geoff/0000-0003-1851-6411 CR Boeing G, 2017, J PLAN EDUC RES, V37, P457, DOI 10.1177/0739456X16664789 Groves R., 2012, GOOD WAS 2010 CENSUS MacDonald H, 2006, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V72, P491, DOI 10.1080/01944360608976768 Nelson GD, 2016, PLOS ONE, V11, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0166083 SCHMITT RC, 1956, J AM I PLANNERS, V22, P83, DOI 10.1080/01944365608979227 Spear B., 2011, 0836 NCHRP CAMBR SYS Spielman SE, 2014, APPL GEOGR, V46, P147, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.11.002 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2168-1376 J9 REG STUD REG SCI JI Reg. Stud. Reg. Sci. PY 2018 VL 5 IS 1 BP 179 EP 182 DI 10.1080/21681376.2018.1455535 PG 4 WC Geography SC Geography GA HL5OS UT WOS:000458778300016 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Garnett, J Arbon, P Howard, D Ingham, V AF Garnett, Johanna Arbon, Paul Howard, David Ingham, Valerie TI Do University Libraries in Australia Actively Plan to Protect Special Collections from Disaster? SO JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE University librarians; special collections; cultural heritage; disaster; emergency management ID EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AB Despite the increasing digitalisation of special collections, Australian university libraries continue to house tangible original works contributing to collective state, national and global heritage. The protection of special collections relates to the international aspirations provided by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 Priority 3. Currently over five hundred separately grouped university library special collections are recorded in Australia. Globally, there is limited research into university librarian comprehension of how to plan for the protection of special collections. A survey targeted the 35 Australian university libraries identified for inclusion in the study, via the Council for Australian University Librarians (CAUL) database. Eleven (31%) responses qualified for analysis. Of the respondents, the findings include 92% hold tangible special collections as part of their university library collection; 90% do not have a specific plan for the protection of special collections and 90% have experienced a disaster event at some point in their library career. The research concludes that special collections held by Australian universities are at risk and that the role of the university librarian is undervalued in the global efforts to protect cultural and historical heritage in the event of a disaster. C1 [Garnett, Johanna; Arbon, Paul] Flinders Univ S Australia, Torrens Resilience Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Howard, David] RMIT Univ, Student Success, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Ingham, Valerie] Charles Sturt Univ, Inst Land Water & Soc, Australian Grad Sch Policing & Secur, Bathurst, NSW, Australia. RP Garnett, J (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Torrens Resilience Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. 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PY 2018 VL 67 IS 4 BP 434 EP 449 DI 10.1080/24750158.2018.1531678 PG 16 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA HK0UV UT WOS:000457619100007 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Hamzeei, M Luedtke, J AF Hamzeei, Mahdi Luedtke, James TI Service network design with equilibrium-driven demands SO IISE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Service network design; preventive healthcare; disaster management; mixed-integer bilevel programming; mixed-integer nonlinear programming; Lagrangian relaxation ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; LOCATION-ALLOCATION; STOCHASTIC DEMAND; SYSTEM-DESIGN; FACILITIES; ALGORITHMS; SERVERS; MODELS AB We study a service network design problem in which the network operator wishes to determine facility locations and sizes in order to satisfy the demand of the customers while balancing the cost of the system with a measure of quality-of-service faced by the customers. We assume customers choose the facilities that meet demand, in order to minimize their total cost, including costs associated with traveling and waiting. When having demand served at a facility, customers face a service delay that depends on the total usage (congestion) of the facility. The total cost of meeting a customer's demand at a facility includes a facility-specific unit travel cost and a function of the service delay. When customers all minimize their own costs, the resulting distribution of customer demand to facilities is modeled as an equilibrium. This problem is motivated by several applications, including supplier selection in supply chain planning, preventive healthcare services planning, and shelter location-allocation in disaster management. We model the problem as a mixed-integer bilevel program that can be reformulated as a nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear program. The reformulated problem is difficult to solve by general-purpose solvers. Hence, we propose a Lagrangian relaxation approach that finds a candidate feasible solution along with a lower bound that can be used to validate the solution quality. The computational results indicate that the method can efficiently find feasible solutions, along with bounds on their optimality gap, even for large instances. C1 [Hamzeei, Mahdi] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Luedtke, James] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Luedtke, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jim.luedte@wisc.edu FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-0952907]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics programUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the NSF under grant CMMI-0952907 and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics program under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. CR Aboolian R, 2008, IIE TRANS, V40, P422, DOI 10.1080/07408170701411385 Aboolian R, 2016, TRANSPORT SCI, V50, P336, DOI 10.1287/trsc.2015.0595 Aboolian R, 2012, TRANSPORT SCI, V46, P247, DOI 10.1287/trsc.1110.0392 Al-Khayyal F. 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PY 2018 VL 50 IS 11 BP 959 EP 969 DI 10.1080/24725854.2018.1479900 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA HJ0WP UT WOS:000456884200003 DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Parsons, S Weal, M O'Grady, N Atkinson, PM AF Parsons, Sophie Weal, Mark O'Grady, Nathaniel Atkinson, Peter M. TI Social media in emergency management: exploring Twitter use by emergency responders in the UK SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE UK floods; emergency management; social media; audience engagement; mixed methods; Twitter; emergency responders; emergency communications; local resilience forums; thematic analysis AB Emergency management practices are being reshaped by social media. Emergency responders are embracing social media to enhance communications during an emergency. The integration of social media into UK emergency management is ambigious, and it is uncertain as to whether it is an effective tool. Using a mixed methods approach, this research investigates the UK emergency responders' use of social media for emergency management, focusing in particular on the UK Winter Floods of 2013/14. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the UK emergency responders' social media activity is examined. This research shows that the responders perceive social media as a useful tool to effectively deliver information to the public, although they do not appear to fully exploit it in an emergency. While the responders appear to predominantly post caution and advice, the results suggest that information about structures and utilities affected by an incident is most likely to engage an audience. C1 [Parsons, Sophie; Weal, Mark] Univ Southampton, Web & Internet Sci Grp, Southampton, Hants, England. 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PY 2018 VL 14 IS 4 BP 322 EP 343 DI 10.1504/IJEM.2018.097360 PG 22 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA HI2CJ UT WOS:000456252000002 OA Green Published DA 2019-10-22 ER PT J AU Tsai, YF Hsieh, JL Teng, WG Hou, TW Freg, CP Tsao, YC AF Tsai, Yue-Fu Hsieh, Jih-Liang Teng, Wei-Guang Hou, Ting-Wei Freg, Chih-Pin Tsao, Yu-Chung TI DISCOVERING DISASTER EVENTS FROM SOCIAL MEDIA STREAMS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING-THEORY APPLICATIONS AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (IUIE) CY 2016 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA DE data analytics; disaster management; event detection; social network analysis AB Natural and man-made disasters can both cause severe loss of lives and economic damage. Examples include earthquakes, floods, and road crashes. Nevertheless, rapidly and accurately identifying the latest status of a disaster event is undoubtedly one of the most difficult tasks for agencies in crisis management. In this work, we thus propose to monitor online data streams in social media to detect and track real-world events. Unlike conventional media, social media is advantageous because of its immediateness, huge data scale, and worldwide availability. Nevertheless, messages generated by netizens can be incomplete, subjective, or even error prone. Only with an appropriately designed scheme can invaluable clues embedded in huge amounts of online messages be discovered when carefully exploiting the information over content, temporal, and social dimensions. Specifically, we collect data from multiple social networks, conduct real-time analysis, and present interactive visualization. Experimental studies show that the proposed scheme is feasible for agencies in practice. C1 [Tsai, Yue-Fu; Hsieh, Jih-Liang; Teng, Wei-Guang; Hou, Ting-Wei; Freg, Chih-Pin] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Tainan, Taiwan. [Tsao, Yu-Chung] Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Ind Management, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Teng, WG (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Tainan, Taiwan. EM wgteng@mail.ncku.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 107-2625-M-006-019] FX This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Project No. MOST 107-2625-M-006-019-, Taiwan. 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Several locations have been experiencing subsidence at a rate of up to 10cm/year, and horizontal motion of 5cm/year. C1 [Chen, Zhaohua; Wang, Jinfei; Huang, Xiaodong] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Chen, Zhaohua] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Landscape Sci & Technol, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. RP Chen, ZH (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.; Chen, ZH (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Landscape Sci & Technol, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. EM zhaohua.chen@canada.ca OI Chen, Zhaohua/0000-0003-0244-6842 FU Canadian Space Agency under the SOAR-E 5331 program FX This research was funded by Canadian Space Agency under the SOAR-E 5331 program. All RADARSAT-2 images were provided by Canadian Space Agency. The authors would like to thank Sergey Samsonov for providing the MSBAS code, and three anonymous reviewers for making valuable comments that helped improve this manuscript. 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At present, China's hazard prevention and mitigation research and construction is mostly concentrated in the cities, while the rural, mountainous regions suffering the most serious damage and loss from geological hazards are neglected. In these areas, hazard prevention planning is missing or uses the city standard, lacking scientific analysis and theoretical support. Therefore, the study of disaster prevention and mitigation in remote regions is becoming more urgent. Existing studies on geological hazard prevention mainly focus on urban areas but ignore remote and rural areas where large numbers of people live. By drawing experience from disaster prevention and reduction in urban areas and incorporating effective scientific methods, this study aims to establish a planning support system for disaster mitigation to reduce the impact of disasters in rural areas on people and their property. The most significant contributions this research and practice offers is as follows. Firstly, the high-precision data of the villages, which is usually lacking and difficult to acquire, can easily and quickly be obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles (UVA) equipped with optical sensors and laser scanners. Secondly, combining high-precision data and the disaster evaluation model, geological disaster risk assessment technology has been developed for rural areas that addresses not only the natural factors but also human activities. Thirdly, based on disaster risk assessment technology, disaster prevention planning that has been constructed specifically for villages is more quantitative than before. Fourthly, with the application of a planning support system in disaster mitigation, a scientific and effective solution for disaster rescue can be achieved automatically. Lastly, this study selects a suitable area for implementation and demonstration, which can verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the system and enrich the knowledge base through a demonstration case. 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The model is meant to improve organizations volunteer and staff per on flood field. Thus, this study conceptualizes the construct of EM team performance and generates an initial 39 item on EM task scale. Based on the sample data, we provided an empirical validation of the Emergency Management Team Performance (EMTP) constructs and its underlining dimensionality and developments a generic Emergency Management Team (EMT) scale with desirable psychometric properties, which includes face validity, content validity and pilot testing. In the validation process, a 30-item EM task scale with 6 constructs (task characteristic, task-technology, task-technology fit, social media usage, knowledge integration and EM team performance) were used. This study is a pioneering effort to develop and validate EMTP scale and will contribute to the development of knowledge integration while adding to the repository of rigid research instruments for researcher's utilization. C1 [Saeed, Naglaa Abdel Lateef] Univ Shaqra, Fac Sci & Humanities Studies, Durmah, Saudi Arabia. [Zakaria, Nor Hidayati] Univ Technol Malaysia, Fac Engn, Sch Comp, Johor Baharu 81310, Johor, Malaysia. [Sutoyo, Edi] Telkom Univ, Sch Ind Engn, Bandung 40257, West Java, Indonesia. RP Saeed, NAL (reprint author), Univ Shaqra, Fac Sci & Humanities Studies, Durmah, Saudi Arabia. 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